JP2001176683A - Emergency lighting equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Problem] To provide an emergency lighting device which can easily design a long-time emergency lighting device having a plurality of batteries and can be used in a wide range of products. A power supply circuit converts a commercial power supply into a direct current.
A first device 11 having a charging circuit 11b for charging a battery with a power supply circuit 11a;
A second battery 12 having a first battery 1 charged by the power supply 1, a power supply circuit 12a for converting commercial power to direct current, and a charging circuit 12b for charging the battery by the power supply circuit 12a; Power supply detecting means 16 for judging the power supply state of the commercial power supply in a lighting device having the second battery 2 charged by the second battery 2, a lamp L, and a third device 13 having a lighting circuit 13a for lighting the lamp L. When the commercial power supply is turned on, the first device 11
And the second device 12, the first and second batteries 1,
2 is charged, and when the commercial power supply is cut off, switching means 15 is provided for connecting the charged batteries 1 and 2 in parallel and outputting to the third device 13.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an emergency lighting device having a circuit for lighting a lamp by a battery.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A rechargeable secondary battery such as a nickel-cadmium battery or a lead-acid battery is generally used for emergency lighting in which a lamp is turned on when a commercial power failure occurs. The battery is charged, and in the event of a power failure, the lamp is turned on using the battery as a power source. Among them, in the case of emergency lights and guide lights that are required to be installed according to the Building Standard Law and the Fire Service Law, it is determined that the batteries will be turned on for 20 to 30 minutes using a power supply. However, in large-scale facilities such as high-rise buildings and underground shopping centers, it takes a longer time for all unspecified persons to complete evacuation, and in recent years, the lighting time with a battery (hereinafter, referred to as emergency lighting) has been long. The demand for lighting fixtures is increasing. In response to this trend, the Fire Services Act was revised in 1999, and it was obliged to install lighting fixtures with long emergency lighting times for large-scale facilities that exceeded a certain standard. Was.

Generally, in order to extend the operation time of a battery, it is often the case that the number of batteries is increased or a battery having a large capacity is used. For example, in a notebook personal computer or the like, two battery packs are provided in the main body, or a large-capacity battery is connected to the outside to secure battery operation time in portable operation. However, emergency lighting can be mounted on the ceiling or wall of a building except for some portable lighting,
Since the function expandability like a notebook PC is not required much, and the lighting frequency of the battery is low, about several times a year, the devices related to emergency lighting (charging circuit, switching circuit,
Emergency lighting circuits) are often as inexpensive and compact as possible. Also, the battery lighting time is 20
Emergency lighting devices are often designed mainly for lighting fixtures (hereinafter referred to as standard type) for up to 30 minutes. Therefore, emergency lighting devices for lighting fixtures having a long lighting time (hereinafter referred to as long time type) are individually designed. It was often designed exclusively for For this reason,
It has become difficult to quickly respond to market needs for long-term emergency lighting fixtures in recent years.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and facilitates the design of a long-time emergency lighting device having a plurality of batteries, and enables an emergency product that can be used in a wide range of products. It is an object to provide a lighting device.

[0005]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the emergency lighting device of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, a power supply circuit 11a for converting a commercial power supply to a direct current,
A first device 11 having a charging circuit 11b for charging a battery by a power supply circuit 11a; a first battery 1 charged by the first device 11; a power supply circuit 12a for converting commercial power to DC; A second device 12 having a charging circuit 12b for charging a battery by the circuit 12a, a second battery 2 charged by the second device 12, a lamp L, and a lighting circuit 13a for lighting the lamp L. The lighting device having the third device 13 includes a power failure detection unit 16 for determining a power supply state of the commercial power supply. When the commercial power supply is supplied, the first device 11 and the second device 12 Switching means 15 for charging the second batteries 1 and 2 respectively, and connecting the charged batteries 1 and 2 in parallel when the commercial power supply is cut off to output to the third device 13 is provided. It is characterized in that the digits.

Here, the power failure detection means may be provided in the first device or the second device. Further, a power failure detection unit may be added to both the first device and the second device, and the first device and the second device may have the same configuration.

[0007]

(Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 shows Embodiment 1 of the present invention. This embodiment shows a configuration for facilitating the design of a long-time emergency lighting fixture. The first device 11 and the second device 12 each include a power supply circuit that converts commercial power to direct current and a charging circuit that charges a battery with the power supply circuit. The lamp L is turned on using the battery as a power source. First device 11 and second device 1
2 only needs to have a charging circuit having a charging capability of a standard type (emergency lighting time of 20 to 30 minutes) when operated independently. The third device 13 only needs to have a lighting circuit design that can operate as a standard type when combined with the first device 11. In the present embodiment, two sets of batteries 1 and 2 are used.

When the three devices 11, 12, 13 and the two batteries 1, 2 are combined, the switching means 1 performs the following operations when the commercial power is turned on and when the commercial power is turned off.
By adding 5, a long-time illumination device based on the standard type can be realized. It has a power failure detection means 16 for judging the energization state of the commercial power supply. When the commercial power supply is energized, the battery 1 is individually charged by the charging circuit of the first device 11 and the battery 2 is individually charged by the charging circuit of the second device 12 When the commercial power supply is cut off, the charged batteries 1 and 2 are connected in parallel and output to the third device 13.

FIG. 2 shows a specific example of the switching means 15. In this example, an example in which an AC-driven relay is used as the power failure detection means 16 has been described. When the commercial power supply is energized, the relay contact opens, and the batteries 1 and 2 are charged by the first and second devices 12, respectively. When the commercial power supply is shut off, the relay contacts are closed and the batteries 1 and 2 are connected in parallel to make one apparently high-capacity battery and supply power to the third device 13. A diode is connected in series to each of the batteries 1 and 2 so as to absorb a voltage variation between the batteries 1 and 2 and supply a stable voltage.

[0010] With this configuration, the capacity of the charging circuit of the first device 11 and the second device 12 remains the capacity of one set of the battery, but the capacity of the battery is reduced by two sets when the battery is discharged. Therefore, a high-capacity battery can be apparently charged without the need for a high-output charging circuit, and the emergency lighting time can be lengthened. Further, when compared with the standard type, the average discharge current per set of the battery is about half, so that it is possible to avoid a large current discharge of the battery and reduce the stress. As a result, the life and discharge time of the battery can be maximized.

(Embodiment 2) FIG. 3 shows Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Is shown. This embodiment is an example in which the power failure detection unit 16 provided in the switching unit 15 in the first embodiment is provided in the first device 11. In the case of a standard type emergency lighting device, as shown in FIG. 3, a power supply circuit 11a, a charging circuit 11b and a power failure detecting means 16 are generally incorporated in the first device 11, and the first device In many cases, one product is formed in a state in which the third device 13 and the third device 13 are combined. In such a case, the first device 11 and the third device 1
3 (hereinafter referred to as block B1)
), The output signal of the power failure detection means 16 can be taken out from the power failure detection means 16 and the operation of the switching means 15 is switched by this power failure detection signal. Type lighting device can be realized.

With this configuration, the block B
Since it becomes possible to design a standard emergency lighting device as a single unit, versatility can be improved. Further, since there is no need to provide a power failure detection unit inside the switching unit 15 and the second device 12, the switching unit 15 can be replaced with a general-purpose device. Any device can be used, so that the entire emergency lighting device can be easily designed.

In this embodiment, the first device 11 and the third device 13 have been described as an example in which they are combined as a block B1, but these two devices may be independent housings. . Further, even if the entire device including the second device 12 and the switching means 15 is combined in one housing, a long-time lighting device can be realized.
Furthermore, in FIG. 3, even when the power failure detection means 16 provided in the first device 11 is provided in the second device 12 as shown in FIG. 4, a long-time lighting device can be similarly provided. .

(Embodiment 3) FIG. 5 shows Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Is shown. The present embodiment is different from the second embodiment in that both the first device 11 and the second
This is an example in which is provided. As described in the second embodiment, in the case of a standard type emergency lighting device, a power supply circuit, a charging circuit, a power failure detection unit, a lighting circuit, and the like are generally combined in a single housing. Often. Therefore, by diverting the standard type product as much as possible, it is possible to reduce the development cost of the long-time type.

Therefore, the first device 1 in the second embodiment
A power failure detection means 16 is provided in both the first and second devices 12, and the operation of the switching means 15 is switched by a power failure detection signal from one of the two power failure detection means 16. Thus, the first device 11 and the second device 12 can use the charging unit of a general emergency lighting device. Further, when the power failure detection signal is output from the second device 12, it is not necessary to provide the first device 11 with a function of outputting the power failure detection signal to the outside. And the third device 1
For example, in the case of combining with No. 3, a general emergency lighting device can be used as the block B1.

Although the first device 11 and the third device 13 are described as a block B1 in FIG. 5, these devices may be independent housings as in the second embodiment. The same effect can be obtained.

(Embodiment 4) FIG. 6 shows Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
Is shown. In the present embodiment, in addition to the third device 13 described above,
This is an example in which a fourth device 14 having a lighting circuit 17 is added. When an existing standard emergency lighting device is to be used, the power supply circuit 11a, the power failure detection means 11c, the charging circuit 11b, and the lighting circuit 13a are provided, and have a configuration like a block B1 shown in FIG. If the standard type device is used, there is no need to make any change on the block B1 side when configuring the long type device. Therefore, this block B
2 are prepared, and as shown in FIG. 6, the block B1 and the second device 12 and the fourth device 14 are prepared.
B2 in which is stored in a common housing, and switching means 1
5 can be combined with a long-time type device. In this case, since only one lighting circuit is sufficient, the lamp L is connected to only one of the third device 13 and the fourth device 14, and when the battery is discharged, power is supplied only to the device to which this lamp is connected. Supply. FIG. 6 shows an example in which a lamp L is connected to the third device 13.
Note that the power failure detection signal input to the switching unit 15 may be output from either the first device 11 or the second device 12. The power failure detection means 16 is provided in the switching means 15.
, The output of the power failure detection signal from the first device 11 or the second device 12 may be omitted.

With this configuration, the block B
l and 2 use exactly the same product, but block B
By making the lighting circuits on the two sides unused and combining them with the switching means 15, it is possible to easily configure a long-time lighting device. Since the blocks B1 and B2 may be existing products, only the switching means 15 needs to be prepared.

Further, the first to third embodiments, including this embodiment, are described.
The configuration of the second device 12 and the fourth device 1
4 and the battery can be connected in multiple stages. In this case, the internal configuration of the switching means 15 also has a plurality of battery connection points and a plurality of connection points for charging devices (the first device 11 and the second device 12) so that a plurality of stages can be connected. Each battery 1,2,3,
... are charged individually, and all batteries 1 and 2 are discharged.
.. May be configured to discharge in parallel. Further, similar to the embodiment described above, the same effect can be obtained even if the blocks B1 and B2 are not housed in a common housing.

Further, the charging capability of the charging device does not need to be the same for the first device 11 and the second device 12, for example, the first device 11 has an output of 5 W and the second device 12
May have different output powers, such as an output of 10 W, or different output voltages, such as 10 V and 15 V. In short, it suffices if an output that can charge the battery connected to the switching means 15 can be obtained. However,
Depending on the method of the charging circuit, if the difference between the battery voltage and the output voltage is too large, the charging circuit may become hot. In the case of such a charging method, it is desirable to unify the output voltage of each charging device.

FIGS. 7 and 8 show a block diagram in the case of connecting a plurality of batteries and an example of the switching means 15, respectively. However, regarding batteries, each battery 1,
It is desirable to unify the voltages of 2, 3,.... This is for supplying power to the lighting circuit by connecting batteries in parallel when a power failure is detected. In the switching means 15 of FIG. 8, a diode is inserted in an output stage from each of the batteries 1, 2, 3,... To maintain a balance by absorbing voltage variations among the batteries at the time of discharging. However, when batteries with different rated voltages are connected, the battery with the higher voltage is discharged preferentially, and the unbalanced discharge state is continued until the potential difference with the battery with the lower voltage disappears. In such a state, since the discharge current cannot be dispersed as described in the first embodiment and a large current discharge occurs, it is not preferable in terms of stress and life, and as a result, the discharge time is shortened. Would. Therefore, in the present invention, in any of the embodiments, it is desirable to unify the rated voltage of the battery, so that the effects of the present invention can be maximized.

(Embodiment 5) FIG. 9 shows Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
Is shown. In this embodiment, the first device 11 and the third device 1
In this example, the second device 12 and the switching means 15 are housed in a common housing, while the housing 3 is housed in a common housing. In the fourth embodiment, the device including the charging circuit and the device including the lighting circuit are housed in a common housing and combined with the switching unit 15, so that the existing product can be used as it is to easily form a long-time lighting device. An example of deployment has been described. However, considering the case where two batteries are used in the fourth embodiment, in addition to the battery, the block B
1, the block B2, and the switching means 15 are required, and the size becomes considerably large assuming a lighting device that accommodates all devices and a battery.

Therefore, in the fourth embodiment, the block B
Removing the fourth device 14 which is not substantially used in 2;
The switching means 15 is stored therein. In the example of FIG. 4 described in the second embodiment, the same effect can be obtained by storing the second device 12 and the switching means 15 in a common housing as the block B2. The configuration as shown in FIG. 9 further simplifies the apparatus.

In FIG. 4, the output of the charging circuit 11b and the input of the lighting circuit 13a are separately provided between the block B1 and the switching means 15, but in FIG. 9, these are connected by a common connection. The wiring between the blocks B1 and B2 can be simplified. At this time, a second switching unit 17 for switching the connection from the switching unit 15 is added to the block B1 to the charging circuit 11b when the commercial power supply is energized, and to the lighting circuit 13a during the power failure. The second switching unit 17 operates according to a signal from the power failure detection unit 11c in the block B1. Also,
As in the first embodiment, the inside of the switching unit 15 charges the battery 1 by the charging circuit 11b of the block B1 when the commercial power is supplied, and the battery 2 by the charging circuit 12b of the block B2. The connection is switched so that discharge is performed. FIG.
0 shows an example.

With such a configuration, the block B
In the standard type, the connection point to the block B2 in FIG.
Can be developed into a long-time type simply by combining it with the block B2 without any change from a general-purpose standard type lighting device. In this case, since there is no lighting circuit in the block B2, the design of the lighting circuit 13a of the combined block B1 is not affected. Therefore, if the charging capacity of the battery to be combined is sufficient, it can be combined with a product having a wide range of specifications irrespective of the lighting circuit design of block B1.
The versatility of the two sides can be obtained at the same time.

(Embodiment 6) FIG. 11 shows Embodiment 6 of the present invention. The present invention provides, as a switching element of the switching means 15,
This is an example in which a direct-current driven contact or non-contact element is used. In FIGS. 2, 8, and 10 used in Embodiments 5 and 6,
The switching means 15 has been described using an example in which an AC-driven contact relay is used. Since this AC relay is directly driven by the commercial power supply voltage, there is an advantage that the control circuit is unnecessary and the circuit can be simplified, but the variation in the drive voltage at which the contacts are switched and the time required for switching the contacts are relatively large. Further, since it is necessary to secure an insulation distance in the drive coil portion, there is a disadvantage that the element itself becomes large.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 11, a control circuit 18 receives a detection signal from a power failure detection means 16 using a DC-driven contact or non-contact relay or the like, and receives a switching signal from the control circuit 18. The circuit is switched by driving the DC relay 19. This figure shows an example in which a common lamp L, for example, a fluorescent lamp, is turned on by the regular lighting circuit 21 and the emergency lighting circuit 22. When an inverter ballast is used for the service lighting circuit 21, a phenomenon called so-called residual oscillation occurs in which the oscillation circuit operates for about several tens of ms without instantaneously stopping even when the commercial power supply is cut off,
When the switching circuit is operated at the same time as the commercial power supply is cut off, stress due to residual oscillation is applied to the switching element, and in the case of a contact point, contact welding or the like may occur. In order to avoid such a phenomenon, the emergency lighting circuit 22 and the switching circuit may be operated after a certain time has elapsed after the commercial power supply has been cut off and the residual oscillation energy of the regular lighting circuit 21 has become sufficiently small. In order to perform such control, a small signal circuit uses D
Operating a C-drive type relay or the like is easier to control than using an AC-drive type relay, and can be driven by a low-voltage power supply, thus making it possible to reduce the size of components. In addition, since variations in switching voltage and switching time are small, a highly accurate and highly reliable switching device can be provided.
By changing the design of the control circuit, the operation specifications of the switching device can be set arbitrarily and easily.

In FIG. 11, an example has been described in which both the block B1 and the block B2 are provided with a power failure detecting means and a control circuit.
The control may be performed by one control circuit. in this case,
Although the number of connection lines between the blocks B1 and B2 increases, all the relay contacts of the blocks B1 and B2 can be operated at the same time, so that the switching variation between the blocks B1 and B2 is minimized. As a result, it is possible to further reduce the stress and improve the reliability at the time of switching from the regular lighting to the emergency lighting. Further, in FIG. 11, the example in the case of being combined with the regular lighting circuit 21 has been described, but the same effect can be obtained without the regular lighting circuit 21.

[0029]

According to the present invention, in an emergency illuminating device for lighting a lamp by a battery, it is possible to easily extend the lighting time of the battery. That is, according to the first aspect of the present invention, a device capable of emergency lighting for a long time can be easily provided by preparing a plurality of batteries and adding a switching device in combination with an emergency lighting device having a short lighting time. If a power failure detection means is provided in this switching device, the charging device to be combined may be a general charger having no power failure detection means.

According to the second to fourth aspects of the present invention, by providing the power failure detecting means in the charging device, a long-time lighting device can be configured by combining a general-purpose emergency lighting device. In particular, in the claimed invention, it is only necessary to combine a general-purpose device and a switching device, so if only the switching device is prepared, it can be combined with a wide range of general-purpose emergency lighting devices, and the time required for product design is greatly reduced. Can be reduced.

Further, by housing the switching circuit in a common housing with the charging circuit, a long-time lighting device can be realized by using only a block having a charging circuit and a lighting circuit and a block having a charging circuit and a switching circuit. Can be provided, and the number of parts can be reduced.

Further, by using a DC drive type relay or the like for the switching circuit, the operation timing of the switching circuit and the emergency lighting circuit can be easily set by the control circuit, and the component stress at the time of switching can be reduced. High reliability and high precision by driving a control signal can be achieved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block circuit diagram showing Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a specific example of a switching unit used in the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a block circuit diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a block circuit diagram showing a modification of the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a block circuit diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a block circuit diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a block circuit diagram showing a modification of the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram showing a switching unit used in a modification of the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a block circuit diagram showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram showing a switching unit used in a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a block circuit diagram showing a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Battery 2 Battery 11 First device 12 Second device 13 Third device 13a Lighting circuit 15 Switching means 16 Power failure detection means

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A first device having a power supply circuit for converting a commercial power supply to DC, a charging circuit for charging a battery with the power supply circuit, a first battery charged by the first device, and a commercial power supply Device having a power supply circuit for converting the power to direct current, and a charging circuit for charging the battery with the power supply circuit, a second battery charged by the second device, a lamp, and a lighting circuit for lighting the lamp A lighting device having a third device having: a power failure detection unit for determining a power supply state of the commercial power supply; and when the commercial power supply is supplied, the first device and the second device use the first and second devices. And a switching means for connecting the charged batteries in parallel when the commercial power supply is cut off and outputting the connected batteries to the third device. 2. The emergency lighting device according to claim 1, wherein a power failure detecting means is provided in the first device. 3. The emergency lighting device according to claim 1, wherein a power failure detecting means is provided in the second device. 4. The apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising a power failure detecting means for judging an energized state of the commercial power supply to both the first device and the second device, and connecting the first device and the second device. An emergency lighting device having the same configuration. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein
An emergency lighting device characterized by adding a fourth device having a lighting circuit for lighting a lamp in addition to the third device. 6. The emergency lighting device according to claim 5, wherein the emergency lighting device has a plurality of blocks obtained by combining the second and fourth devices. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein
When the commercial power supply is turned on, the first device is turned on, and when the commercial power supply is turned off, the third device is turned on.The second switching unit that switches the connection with the switching unit by a signal from the power failure detection unit in the first device. An emergency lighting device comprising: