JP2001113231A - Classifying method of shredder dust - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To quickly separate and remove wire harnesses in shredder dust. SOLUTION: After shredder dust is crushed, the crushed dust is classified into heavy weight dust and lightweight dust by an air classifier to remove wire harnesses in a state included in the heavy weight dust. The lightweight dust is volume-reduced and solidified by a volume-reducing and solidifying machine, and then is used as a carburizing material, and the like, by being fed into an electric furnace.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for sorting shredder dust, and more particularly to a method for sorting shredder dust that separates and removes a wire harness that is often contained in shredder dust obtained by cutting and crushing a waste car.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Shredder dust has been mostly landfilled in the past, but landfill disposal is limited due to the recent tightness of landfill sites and the risk of environmental pollution. Therefore, for example, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-116441, dust containing small pieces of plastics and rubbers is charged into the bottom of a bucket for charging scraps, and the top thereof is covered with lime or iron scrap. There has been proposed a method of treating shredder dust which is introduced into a container and treated.

[0003]

However, shredder dust from end-of-life vehicles and the like contains a large amount of wire harness, which is a plastic-coated electric wire having copper as a core wire. There is a problem that the copper content of the molten steel in the furnace becomes excessive and its quality deteriorates. The trouble caused by including the wire harness
There is also a case where shredder dust is supplied to a pyrolysis gasification melting furnace, etc., where a wire harness is entangled in a kiln or on a fluidized bed to form a bird's nest-like lump, which is used to transport and take out pyrolyzed dust. It is difficult.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for sorting shredder dust which can quickly separate and remove a wire harness in shredder dust.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, after shredding shredder dust,
This is separated into heavy dust and light dust by a wind separator, and the wire harness included in the shredder dust is removed by being included in the heavy dust.

In the first aspect of the present invention, since the shredder dust is crushed into small pieces, if the air flow carrying force in the wind separator is set appropriately, the wire harness can be made of metal, glass, or the like due to the difference in its own weight. It is separated from heavy-weight dust such as fiber, paper, and rubber as heavy-weight dust together with earth and sand. As described above, even when the light-weight dust containing no copper in the wire harness is put into the electric furnace, the copper in the molten steel does not become excessive, and can be effectively used as a carburizing material or the like. Light-weight dust that does not include a wire harness does not generate bird's nests even in a pyrolysis gasification and melting furnace, making it easier to transport and remove pyrolyzed dust.

[0007] The degree of crushing is more advantageous for separating the wire harness in a wind separator as the crushing is made finer. However, since the power of the crusher increases and the processing capacity decreases, the maximum size is about 25 mm or less. It is good to set to.

[0008] In the second aspect of the present invention, the shredder dust is quantitatively supplied to the wind separator.

In the second aspect of the present invention, since the supply amount of the shredder dust to the wind separator is stable, one of the heavy dust and the light dust is prevented from entraining with the other, and the sorting efficiency is improved. I do.

In the third aspect of the present invention, the shredding of the shredder dust and the subsequent wind sorting are repeated in a plurality of stages,
Lightweight dust obtained in the first stage is subjected to crushing in the second stage.

[0011] By repeating the shredding of the shredder dust and the subsequent separation of the wind power in a plurality of stages, the wire harness in the lightweight dust can be further removed and reduced.

[0012] In the fourth aspect of the present invention, heavy dust obtained by the above-mentioned wind separation is further subjected to water specific gravity separation to remove the above-mentioned wire harness as sediment.

[0013] In the fourth aspect of the present invention, the wire harness in the heavy material dust sinks in the water and is removed as a sediment, and the lightweight material dust accompanying the wire harness is reliably collected as a floating material floating in the water. Is done.

In the fifth invention, the heavy dust obtained by the above-mentioned wind sorting is further supplied to a rotary wind sorting machine having a rotating drum provided with a raking plate, and a wire harness is extracted from the heavy dust. Try to separate.

In the fifth invention, since the wire harnesses in the heavy dust are entangled with each other to form a bird's nest in the rotating drum of the rotary wind separator, only the wire harness is separated from the heavy dust. Can be. Therefore, the wire harness can be separated into the covering material and the copper wire by the peeling machine, and the copper wire can be reused as the reinforcing material of the aluminum casting.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS (First Embodiment) In FIG.
The shredder dust is crushed into small pieces having a maximum dimension of 25 mm or less by a crushing machine such as a horizontal hammer mill (step 1), and subsequently separated into heavy dust and lightweight dust by a vertical duct type wind separator or the like (step 1). Step 2).
The vertical duct-type wind separator sorts the objects to be sorted from above the duct while sending air from below the duct, and allows the lightweight ones to be entrained in the airflow and collected by the subsequent cyclone separator or bag filter. On the other hand, heavy objects fall under the duct under their own weight and are collected. At this time, the ventilation R
When the number e is set to about 10,000, the wire harness contained in the shredder dust contains iron, copper,
Separated and sorted as heavy dust along with metals such as aluminum, glass, earth and sand, and hard plastic. The selected wire harnesses are disposed of in landfill.

After the wire harness and the like are separated and removed by the above-mentioned wind separator, the light-weight dust made of fiber, paper, rubber, soft plastic, urethane foam, or the like is heated at a heating temperature of 150 ° C. by a twin-screw volume reducing solidifier or the like. The mixture is heated and compressed to the extent that the volume is reduced and solidified (step 3). Then, the continuous solidified product output from the volume reduction solidifying machine is cut into an appropriate size by a cutter to obtain, for example, a columnar or rod-shaped solidified material having a diameter of 50 mmφ and a length of about 100 mm. The copper content of the solidified product is 0.5% by weight or less. Therefore, even if this is put into a melting furnace for steel production such as an electric furnace and reused as a carburizing material, the copper content in the molten steel is reduced. It won't be too big.

Also, when the above-mentioned lightweight dust is pyrolyzed in a pyrolysis gasification melting furnace or the like, since a wire harness is not included, the dust is entangled in a kiln or on a fluidized bed to form a bird's nest-like mass. The transfer and removal of the thermally decomposed dust can be performed smoothly without any generation. In addition, the recycling rate of shredder dust in this embodiment is about 70%.

(Second Embodiment) In FIG. 2, the shredder dust is crushed by a crusher such as a horizontal hammer mill into small pieces having a maximum size of 25 mm or less (step 1).
0), input to a quantitative feeder such as a vibration feeder (Step 20), and is quantitatively supplied to a vertical duct-type wind sorter similar to the first embodiment (Step 30). The use of the fixed-quantity feeder does not significantly change the amount of dust supplied to the wind separator, so that one of the heavy dust and the light dust is prevented from entraining with the other and the sorting efficiency is improved. .

At this time, if the ventilation Re number of the air volume sorter is set to about 10,000 similarly to the first embodiment, the wire harness contained in the shredder dust is made of iron, copper, aluminum or the like. It is sorted as heavy dust along with metals, glass and earth and sand. Then, the heavy dust is further sent to the water-specific gravity separator (step 40). In the water specific gravity sorter, the wire harness is sorted out as a sediment together with metals, glass and earth and sand, and this is disposed of by landfill. On the other hand, light-weight dust accompanying heavy-weight dust is separated as suspended matter.

The light-weight dust from the wind separator and the suspended matter from the water specific gravity separator are heated and compressed at a heating temperature of about 150 ° C. by a two-shaft type volume reduction solidifier similar to that of the first embodiment to reduce the volume. Then, it is cut into an appropriate size by a cutter (step 50) to obtain a columnar solid. This solidified material is reused in a steelmaking melting furnace such as an electric furnace, and has the same effect as the first embodiment. Also, in the case where light-weight dust and suspended matter are thermally decomposed in a pyrolysis-gasification melting furnace or the like, the wire harness is not included. Can be performed smoothly. The utilization rate of the shredder dust in the present embodiment is about 80% because the water specific gravity sorting is performed in addition to the wind sorting in the first embodiment.

(Third Embodiment) In FIG. 3, after the shredder dust is crushed by a first crusher such as a horizontal hammer mill into small pieces having a maximum size of 25 mm or less (step 1).
01), and if necessary, a magnetic separator (Step 1)
02) Useful metals are recovered. Subsequently, it is input to a first fixed-quantity feeder such as a vibrating feeder (step 103), and is fixedly fed to a vertical zigzag-type first wind sorter having the same principle as the first embodiment (step 104).

If the ventilation number Re of the first air volume sorter is set to about 10,000 similarly to the first embodiment, the wire harness contained in the shredder dust is made of metal such as irons, coppers, and aluminum. The heavy dust is sorted together with the ash, glass, earth and sand, and the heavy dust is sent to a rotary wind separator (described later) (step 110).

The light-weight dust sorted by the first wind separator is further crushed by the second crusher into small pieces having a maximum size of 15 mm or less and input to the second quantitative feeder (step 10).
5, 106), and is quantitatively supplied to a second wind separator similar to the first wind separator (step 107). The heavy dust sorted by the second wind sorter is sent to the rotary wind sorter (step 110), while the light dust is sent to the first volume reducing solidifier and the second volume reducing solidifier (step 108). , 1
09).

FIG. 4 shows a schematic configuration of a rotary wind separator 6 and a vibrating sieve 7 provided at a stage subsequent thereto. The rotary wind separator 6 has a rotary drum 61 whose both ends are open, and a plurality of raking plates 65 are provided on the inner periphery of the rotary drum 61 at intervals in the circumferential direction. Rotating drum 61
When the heavy dust from the first and second wind separators is supplied into the rotating drum 61 while being blown from one end of the wire harness, the wire harnesses are entangled with each other in the process of being scooped, forming a bird's nest, and together with the heavy dust. From the other end of the rotating drum 61, it is dropped and discharged onto the sieving machine 7 (step 11 in FIG. 3).
0,111). Light-weight dust is carried to the cyclone separator 62 by blowing air when it is scooped, and most of the light-weight dust is collected there, and finer light-weight dust is collected by the bag filter 63 in the subsequent stage. Note that a blower 64 is provided downstream of the bag filter 63. In the sieving machine 7, heavy dust having a predetermined size or less output from the rotary wind separator 6 is dropped and discharged downward. Further, the wire harness 71 entangled in a bird's nest shape is discharged along the sieving machine 7.

In FIG. 3, the light-weight dust output from the rotary wind separator 6 is sent to the first and second volume-reducing solidifiers together with the light-weight dust from the second wind separator (steps 108 and 109). In the first volume reduction solidifier, the lightweight dust is heated and compressed at about 150 ° C., extruded, and then cut by a cutter into a columnar solidified group (small solidified substance) having an average value of, for example, a diameter of 30 mmφ and a length of about 60 mm. Then, in the second volume-reducing solidifying machine, the extruded continuous solidified material is cut with a cutter, for example, to a diameter of
It is cut into a columnar solidified group (solidified large) having an average value of 0 mmφ and a length of about 150 mm.

The solidified small, solidified large, and heavy dust from the sieving machine are used as a carburizing material for an arc furnace.
In this case, the small solidified material and the large solidified material differ greatly in their specific surface areas, so their combustion rates are different from each other. If these solidified materials are mixed appropriately and put into an electric furnace or the like, combustion and gasification occur at once. It does not progress, and the contact time with the iron scrap or the molten steel is lengthened, and the reaction efficiency with the molten steel is greatly improved.

The wire harness 71 discharged from the sieving machine 7 is separated into a covering material and a copper wire by a peeling machine (step 112), and the copper wire is reused as a reinforcing material of an aluminum casting, etc. Landfill processing. The utilization rate of the shredder dust in this embodiment is that the two-stage wind separation is performed, and that the copper wire is reused by selecting only the wire harness by the rotary wind separation and the subsequent sieve. , 95% or more.

In the third embodiment, the crushing and the wind separation may be performed in three or more stages. In the first and second embodiments, the crushing and the wind separation may be performed in a plurality of stages. May be. In the second and subsequent stages, crushing is not performed, and only wind separation can be performed.

[0030]

As described above, according to the method for sorting shredder dust of the present invention, the wire harness in the shredder dust can be quickly separated and removed as heavy dust. The light-weight dust can be put into an electric furnace for treatment without increasing the weight, or the light-weight dust can be thermally decomposed into gas without causing trouble in transportation.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a shredder dust sorting method according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a shredder dust sorting method according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a shredder dust sorting method according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a view showing a schematic configuration of a rotary wind separator and a vibrating sieve.

[Explanation of symbols]

Reference numeral 6: rotary wind separator, 61: rotary drum, 62: cyclone separator, 63: bag filter, 65: scraping plate, 7: sieving machine, 71: wire harness.

Continued on the front page F-term (reference) 4D004 AA21 AB03 AC05 BA03 BA05 CA04 CA08 CA09 CA10 CA24 CA27 CB09 CB12 CB13 CB15 CC02 4D021 FA06 FA12 GA02 GA04 GA07 GA08 GA16 GA21 GA23 GB03 HA01 HA10 4D071 AA12 AA43 AB04 AB23 AB14 AB23 DA15

Claims (5)

[Claims] After crushing shredder dust, the crushed dust is separated into heavy dust and light dust by a wind separator, and a wire harness included in the shredder dust is removed by being included in the heavy dust. Method for sorting shredder dust. 2. The method for sorting shredder dust according to claim 1, wherein the shredder dust is supplied to the wind separator in a fixed amount. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the shredding of the shredder dust and the subsequent wind separation are repeated in a plurality of stages, and the lightweight dust obtained in the preceding stage is subjected to the subsequent stage of crushing.
Or the method for selecting shredder dust according to 2. 4. The sorting of the shredder dust according to claim 1, wherein the heavy dust obtained by the wind sorting is further subjected to water specific gravity sorting to remove the wire harness as a sediment. Method. 5. The heavy dust obtained by the wind sorting is further supplied to a rotary wind sorter having a rotating drum provided with a raking plate to separate a wire harness from the heavy dust. Claims 1 to 3
The method for sorting shredder dust according to any one of the above.