JP2001103428A - Access position specifying method for medium, and management device for recording medium - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a recording medium management method that can simply obtain the address of an object video frame and cope with even a stream where a PRU is defined. SOLUTION: This recording medium management method is a method for managing a recording medium that stores a multimedia data stream, where data by a prescribed reproduction time in 1st data consisting of video and audio data are managed as a 1st unit (EU), data in a minimum unit reproduced independently in the 1st unit (EU) are managed as a 2nd unit (VU), and the reproduction time of the 1st unit (EU) and that of the 2nd unit (VU) are selected the same. The method has position information of the 2nd unit (VU) on the recording medium as management information by each 2nd unit, and the position information of the 1st unit (EU) on the recording medium is calculated on the basis of the position of the 2nd unit (VU) on the recording medium.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a recording medium management method for managing a recording medium such as a disk on which variable-length encoded data such as MPEG data is recorded, that is, a method for specifying an access position of a recording medium and management of the recording medium. It concerns the device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art With the spread of multimedia in recent years, demand for recording various multimedia data such as moving images, music, still images, etc. on a recording medium is increasing. Among recording media, tape media such as video tapes and audio tapes have conventionally been the mainstream, but in recent years recording on disk media such as hard disks and magnetic disks has been increasing.

A tape medium is a recording medium on the premise of sequential access in which recording and reproduction are performed sequentially from the beginning of the tape, and is not excellent in random access. For example, if it is desired to start playback from a specific location on a video tape, it is necessary to fast forward or rewind the tape to that location for playback.

If index information indicating a target location is set in advance, the operation ends with one cueing operation, but the tape must be physically sent to the target location.
Further, when there is no index information, it is necessary to perform fast-forwarding while reproducing to search for a target portion, or to perform a fast-forward with an aim, and finally perform reproduction to search for a target portion. As described above, when the tape medium is used, physical movement of the tape accompanies, and is not suitable for random access.

[0005] On the other hand, the disk medium has excellent random access properties, and the access time for accessing an arbitrary location is negligible as compared with the tape medium. Therefore, no matter where the data is on the disk, it is possible to access it instantly.

[0006] As one using disk media,
MD for music, DVD Video for video
o and the like are generally known, and are widely used due to their random accessibility.

Here, a case where video data encoded by MPEG is recorded on a disc will be described. Considering recording video data on a disc or transmitting it over a transmission path, recording or transmitting video data in its uncompressed state is impractical due to the huge amount of data. Absent. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the amount of data by compressing the video data by using the MPEG technology or the like.

In the MPEG technique, a variable length coding technique is used to compress the data amount. Specifically, an intra-frame coded image (I picture) independently coded only with the video frame data, and an inter-frame forward prediction coded image (P-picture) coded based on information of a forward frame. (Picture), and a bidirectional predictive coded image (B-picture), which encodes based on forward and backward frames, to efficiently reduce the data amount.

The compression rate of the coded image increases in the order of I picture, P picture, and B picture. Therefore, the data amount of one video frame differs depending on the type of picture to be coded, but the data amount also differs depending on the content of the original video data. For example, in the case of video data with little motion, P pictures and B pictures can be compressed very efficiently because there is little difference from I pictures.

That is, as shown in the recording order (disk) of FIG. 64, the data amount of each frame of video data is variable, and the data amount of each frame of MPEG data once encoded is Cannot be obtained by using some kind of calculation without decoding.

When the variable length coded MPEG data is recorded on the disk, the amount of data for each frame is variable. Therefore, where the corresponding MPEG data of each frame is recorded on the disk is determined by the recorded MPEG data. It can be grasped only in the process of reading data from the beginning of the data and decoding it in order.

That is, even if it is desired to start playback from an arbitrary point in the recorded MPEG data, the position on the disk where the MPEG data corresponding to the frame to start playback is recorded cannot be determined. Will not be able to be played back.

Therefore, in order to reproduce MPEG data recorded on a disk from an arbitrary position or perform special reproduction using an arbitrary frame, management for managing a data recording position of the frame on the disk is required. Information is needed. By using this management information, it is possible to refer to the recording position of an arbitrary frame on the disc.

As described above, MPEG data is
The amount of data can be efficiently reduced by using three types of image compression techniques: an intra-frame coded image (I picture), an inter-frame forward prediction coded image (P picture), and a bidirectional prediction coded image (B picture). Has been reduced. Therefore, since the P picture and the B picture are generated based on the I picture, they cannot be decoded only by the data.

There is no problem when the MPEG data is decoded in order from the beginning and reproduced, but there is no problem. However, special reproduction such as reproducing from the middle of the MPEG data or picking up and reproducing only an arbitrary frame is performed. Causes the following problems. That is, if the frame to be played back is a P picture or B picture, it cannot be decoded without the reference I picture or P picture data in order to actually decode the frame. Become.

Therefore, in MPEG, a structure called GOP (Group of Pictures) is prepared by collecting several frames. This GOP structure is that there must be at least one I picture in the GOP.

Therefore, if an access is made in units of a GOP structure, since the GOP includes an I picture which is a reference for each P picture and B picture included in the GOP, it is possible to decode a target frame. Guaranteed.

As described above, when random access is performed for MPEG data, it is necessary to perform the random access for each GOP structure. For example, even if it is desired to play back from a frame in the middle of the GOP structure, if data is decoded in GOP units and control is performed so as to actually display from the target frame, playback is started from that frame. It is equivalent to

As described above, in order to start reproduction from an arbitrary frame of MPEG data, the position information on the disk of the GOP including the frame is not the position information on the disk for each frame. Is required at least.

This is because, as described above, when the position information of all the frames is given as the management information, when the data to be reproduced is a B picture or a P picture, the data of the I picture serving as the reference is Otherwise, the data of the frame whose reproduction is to be started cannot be decoded, so that the information has little meaning.

On the other hand, in the case of performing special reproduction such as reproduction of only an I picture and a P picture such as high-speed reproduction, position information of the I picture and the P picture on the disk is required.

As a conventional technique for recording MPEG data on a disk medium, there is a read-only DVD. In a DVD, video data of one GOP and audio data corresponding to the video data are multiplexed.
(Navigation) management information called a pack is added.

As information for performing special reproduction, NV
By using the pack, it is possible to know the position on the disc where the next or previous NV pack is recorded with respect to the currently reproduced part.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H11-155130 discloses an example of address management information for recording MPEG data on a rewritable medium. According to this, the address management information includes a VOBU map having an address and time information for each VOBU (Video Object Unit), which is one management unit in MPEG, and a playback time for each playback time at a predetermined time interval. And the time map information having the address information of the VOBU corresponding to the VOBU and the specific information for specifying the VOBU.

[0025]

Normally, in a rewritable recording medium, an MPEG stream may be deleted or moved on a disk, so that management information or the like may be complicatedly changed. . When the management information is changed frequently, the response of the system is improved if the management information can be read and written by one access.

However, in the case of the DVD described above,
Since management information based on a ROM medium is used, the management information is multiplexed for each NV pack as an MPEG stream and is scattered on the disk. Therefore, when updating management information, it is necessary to access management information scattered on the disk one by one, which is not practical.

Further, in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H11-155130, the assumed MPEG stream performs random access in VOBU units. At this time, the number of video frames managed by one VOBU is variable.

That is, since the reproduction time corresponding to one VOBU is variable, if a certain frame is specified by time information, in order to search for a VOBU including the frame to be reproduced, It cannot be determined by simple calculations. For example, the playback time of each VOBU is checked in order from the first VOBU, and the corresponding VOBU is searched.

If the target VOBU is not too far from the head, there is no major problem in the search time, but if it is far from the head, the search time will be long. Therefore, according to the technology described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H11-155130, in addition to the VOBU map information that manages the address and time information of each VOBU, the VOBU corresponds to the address of the VOBU corresponding to the reproduction time at fixed time intervals. Time map information indicating a VOBU is prepared.

That is, in searching for a VOBU including a target video frame, the VOBU information is accessed once after referring to the time map information. Further, the V searched based on the time map information
VOB in which the OBU map information contains the target video frame
Since it is not necessarily U, the VOBU information following the obtained VOBU information also needs to be searched in order until the target VOBU is found.

As described above, in the prior art, when searching for a target video frame, a rough search is performed using the time map reference information, and then the VOBU is searched.
Since an accurate search is performed using the information and the corresponding address on the disk is specified, there is a problem that the processing becomes complicated.

Further, in the above-mentioned conventional technology,
When additional recording (post-recording) of post-recording audio, superimposed video, and the like is performed, an additional recording unit (Post Recording) for securing the area of the additional recording information in the MPEG stream or in a separate area from the street.
There is also a problem that the unit (PRU) cannot correspond to the defined stream.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and can easily find the address of a target video frame, and can also handle a PRU-defined stream. It is an object of the present invention to provide a recording medium management method, that is, a recording medium access position specifying method and a recording medium management device.

[0034]

The present invention has the following configuration to achieve the above object. According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for specifying an access position of a data recording medium for managing data for a continuous recording time in a first data array having video data as a reference data unit, comprising: Is composed of a plurality of small data units having the same reproduction time within the same reference data unit. For each of the reference data units, reference position information which is start position information of the reference data unit, and the reference position Each relative distance information from the information to the start position information of each small data unit in the reference data unit is stored in the management information area of the recording medium, and the presentation time information on the designated video data and the target reference The relative time from the reference time information to the presentation time information based on the reference time information regarding the reference position information of the data unit. Specifying the target small data unit including the specified video data by calculating based on the relative time for the specified video data and the reproduction time of the small data unit; Specifying the start position information of the target small data unit from the distance information.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, in a multimedia data stream, position information on an arbitrary frame on a recording medium can be easily obtained without requiring complicated calculations. .

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the small data unit is a first unit data which is an independently editable minimum unit data.
The data access position specifying method according to the first aspect, characterized in that the data unit is a data unit. According to the second aspect of the present invention, in the multimedia data stream, the position information on the recording medium of the first data unit, which is the smallest editable unit in an arbitrary frame, can be calculated without complicated calculation. Can be easily obtained.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the small data unit is a plurality of independently editable minimum unit data having the same reproduction time within the same reference data unit. The data access position specifying method according to the first aspect, characterized in that the unit is a second data unit which is a plurality of independently reproducible minimum unit data having the same reproduction time in the unit. According to a third aspect of the present invention, in a multimedia data stream, position information on a recording medium of a second data unit necessary for accessing an arbitrary frame can be obtained without requiring complicated calculations. , Can be easily obtained. In addition, since the position information of the second data unit that is frequently referred to is provided as the management information, there is no need to calculate the position information, and the management information can be referred to efficiently.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method according to the third aspect, comprising the step of specifying the start position information of the first data unit using the start position information of the second data unit. In the data access position specifying method described in (1). According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, in the multimedia data stream, the position information on the recording medium of the second data unit necessary for accessing an arbitrary frame and the first unit which is the minimum unit that can be edited are described. Of the data unit on the recording medium can be easily obtained without requiring complicated calculations.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, unlike the original audio data of video data, the data recording medium stores additional recorded audio data which can be recorded or reproduced in synchronization with the video data. An additional recording audio data unit is provided in association with the first data unit, and the management information area includes, in advance, for each of the reference data units, a third position which is start position information of each additional recording audio data unit.
Identifying relative start position information of the target additional recording audio data unit corresponding to the target first data unit from the third relative distance information stored in the management information area. The data access position specifying method according to any one of the second to fourth aspects, characterized in that the data access position specifying method includes:

A sixth gist of the present invention is characterized in that the third relative distance information is relative distance information from the reference position information to the start position information of the additional recording audio data unit. In the data access position specifying method described above.

A seventh gist of the present invention is that the third relative distance information is relative distance information from the start position information of the first data unit to the start position information of the additional recording audio data unit. The present invention resides in a data access position specifying method described in a summary 5.

According to the fifth to seventh aspects of the present invention,
The position information on the recording medium of the additional recording audio data to be reproduced in synchronization with the predetermined data can be easily obtained together with the position information of each data unit without requiring a complicated calculation.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for specifying an access position of a data recording medium for managing data for a continuous recording time in a first data array having video data as a reference data unit, The reference data unit is composed of a plurality of independently editable minimum unit data having the same reproduction time within the same reference data unit, and the data recording medium includes video data. Unlike the original audio data, an additional recording audio data unit for storing additional recording audio data that can be recorded or reproduced in synchronization with the video data is provided in association with the first data unit, For each data unit, the third relative distance information which is the start position information of each of the additional recording audio data units is previously stored in the management information of the recording medium. Specifying a relative time from the reference time information to the presentation time information based on the presentation time information on the video data to be specified and the reference time information on the reference position information of the target reference data unit, which is stored in the area. Specifying a target first data unit including specified video data by an operation based on a relative time related to the specified video data and a reproduction time of the first data unit; and storing the target first data unit in the management information area in advance. From the obtained third relative distance information, the target first
Specifying the start position information of the target additional recording audio data unit corresponding to the data unit of (i).

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, the third relative distance information is relative distance information from reference position information which is start position information of the reference data unit to start position information of an additional recording audio data unit. The data access position specifying method described in the summary 8 is characterized in that:

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, the third relative distance information is relative distance information from a start position information of the first data unit to a start position information of an additional recording audio data unit. A feature of the data access position specifying method described in the Summary 8 is a feature.

According to the eighth to tenth aspects of the present invention, the position information on the recording medium of the additional recording audio data to be reproduced in synchronization with the predetermined data can be obtained without requiring a complicated calculation.
Can be easily obtained.

An eleventh aspect of the present invention is the data access position determining method according to the fifth or eighth aspect, wherein the additional recording audio data unit is provided in the first data unit. According to an eleventh aspect of the present invention,
Even when reading and writing a plurality of pieces of management information, it can be performed in a short time.

A twelfth aspect of the present invention is the data access position determining method according to the fifth or eighth aspect, wherein the additional recording audio data unit is provided outside the reference data unit. According to the twelfth aspect of the present invention, since the data area and the management information area are clearly separated from each other, a management information file is not created in the data area. Can be realized.

A thirteenth aspect of the present invention is the data access position determining method according to the first or eighth aspect, wherein the management information area is provided in the data recording medium. According to the thirteenth aspect of the present invention, the data to be reproduced is close to the management information, and the processing speed can be increased.

A fourteenth aspect of the present invention resides in the data access position determining method according to the first or eighth aspect, wherein the management information area is provided on a recording medium outside the data recording medium. According to the fourteenth aspect of the present invention, by providing the management information area on the storage medium having a higher access speed than the data storage medium, the response is further improved.

A fifteenth aspect of the present invention resides in that data for a continuous recording time in a first data array having video data is
A management device for a data recording medium that manages as a reference data unit, wherein the reference data unit includes a plurality of
The first data unit is a minimum data unit that can be independently edited, and the first data unit is:
A plurality of second units, each of which is a minimum unit of data that can be independently reproduced, wherein a first reproduction time, which is a reproduction time of the first data unit, is the same in the same reference data unit; Also, the second playback time, which is the playback time of the second unit, is controlled identically within the same first data unit, and for each reference data unit, the start time information of the reference data unit is used. The reference position information and first relative distance information from the reference position information to the start position information of the first data unit in the reference data unit are stored in the data recording medium or a holding member of the data recording medium. A data recording medium management device, characterized in that the management information area provided in (1) is provided with a control unit that manages writing or reading.

A sixteenth aspect of the present invention resides in that data for a continuous recording time in a first data array having video data is
A management device for a data recording medium that manages as a reference data unit, wherein the reference data unit includes a plurality of
The first data unit is a minimum data unit that can be independently edited, and the first data unit is:
A plurality of second units, each of which is a minimum unit of data that can be independently reproduced, wherein a first reproduction time, which is a reproduction time of the first data unit, is the same in the same reference data unit; Also, the second playback time, which is the playback time of the second unit, is controlled identically within the same first data unit, and for each reference data unit, the start time information of the reference data unit is used. Certain reference position information and second reference information from the reference position information to the start position information of a predetermined second data unit in the reference data unit.
Characterized by comprising a control unit that manages the relative distance information in the data recording medium or in a management information area provided in a holding member of the data recording medium in a writable or readable manner. In the device.

According to the fifteenth and sixteenth aspects of the present invention, management information is stored in a data recording medium in which the first data unit and the second unit partition the reference data unit on the basis of a reproduction time. By managing the reference position information and the first relative distance information in the area, the data recording medium management device can convert the time information as key information into position information by simple processing. Easy access to. Further, even when reading and writing a plurality of pieces of management information, it can be performed in a short time, and since the data area and the management information area are clearly separated, a file of the management information is created in the data area. Therefore, continuous arrangement of data in the data area can be realized.

According to a seventeenth aspect of the present invention, the control unit comprises:
In the data recording medium, unlike the original audio data of the video data, an additional recording audio data unit for storing additional recording audio data that can be recorded or reproduced in synchronization with the video data is formed, and the management is performed. In the information area, third relative distance information from the reference position information to the start position information of the additional recording audio data unit is managed so as to be writable or readable in association with the first data unit. The data recording medium management device described in the summary 15 or 16.

According to the seventeenth aspect of the present invention, additional recording audio data can be obtained by simple processing using time information as key information, and the additional recording audio data can be efficiently reproduced.

An eighteenth aspect of the present invention is the data recording medium management device according to the seventeenth aspect, wherein the additional recording audio data unit is provided in the first data unit. According to the eighteenth aspect of the present invention, the data to be reproduced is close to the management information, and the processing speed can be increased.

A nineteenth aspect of the present invention is the data recording medium management device according to the seventeenth aspect, wherein the additional recording audio data unit is provided outside the reference data unit. According to the nineteenth aspect of the present invention, access to other data units becomes easy without complicating the stream configuration.

According to a twentieth aspect of the present invention, the control unit comprises:
The data recording medium management device according to the Summary 15 or 16, wherein offset information indicating an offset value with respect to the position information is managed so as to be able to write or read the management information area. According to the twentieth aspect of the present invention, when a part of the head of a multimedia data stream is deleted, the position information of the deleted data is recorded in the management information as an offset value, whereby the It is not necessary to update the position information, and it is possible to save time and effort in processing at the time of editing.

According to a twenty-first aspect of the present invention, the control unit comprises:
Based on the first relative distance information and the first playback time,
The data recording medium management device described in the summary 15, wherein the data reproduction rate of the data of the first data unit can be calculated. According to a twenty-first aspect of the present invention,
Since the reproduction rate of the video data in the first data unit can be calculated, the reproduction rate of the data can be grasped in advance without reproducing the video data.

According to a twenty-second aspect of the present invention, the control unit comprises:
17. The data recording medium management device according to paragraph 16, wherein a reproduction rate of the data of the second data unit can be calculated based on the second relative distance information and the second reproduction time. . According to the twenty-second aspect of the present invention, it is possible to calculate the reproduction rate of the video data in the second unit, so that the reproduction rate of the data can be grasped in advance without reproducing the video data. it can.

According to a twenty-third aspect of the present invention, in the data recording medium management device according to the fifteenth or sixteenth aspect, the position information is a relative address ignoring the divisional arrangement on the recording medium. is there. According to the twenty-third aspect of the present invention, since the relative address is used as the start address ignoring the division arrangement of the stream on the recording medium, the management of the first data unit or the second data unit is performed. It is possible to grasp the data amount of the data to be performed from the relationship with the preceding and following start addresses.

According to a twenty-fourth aspect of the present invention, the control unit stores, in the management information area, additional recording presence / absence information indicating whether or not additional recording audio data to be synchronously reproduced is stored in the additional recording audio data unit. The data recording medium management device described in the summary 17 is characterized in that the data recording medium is managed so as to be writable or readable. According to the twenty-fourth aspect of the present invention, when reproducing data, it is possible to know in advance whether it is necessary to read additional recording audio data, and the processing efficiency can be improved.

According to a twenty-fifth aspect of the present invention, the control unit comprises:
Additional recording presence / absence information indicating whether or not additional recording audio data to be synchronously reproduced in correspondence with the first data unit is stored in the additional recording audio data unit is managed to be writable or readable in the management information area. The data recording medium management device described in the summary 17 is characterized in that: According to the twenty-fifth aspect of the present invention, when reproducing data, it is possible to know in advance whether it is necessary to read additional recording audio data in units of the first unit, and the processing efficiency can be improved. .

According to a twenty-sixth aspect of the present invention, the control unit comprises:
Additional recording presence / absence information indicating whether or not additional recording audio data to be synchronously reproduced corresponding to the second data unit is stored in the additional recording audio data unit is managed so as to be writable or readable in the management information area. The data recording medium management device described in the summary 17 is characterized in that: According to the twenty-sixth aspect of the present invention, when reproducing data, it is possible to grasp in advance whether it is necessary to read additional recording audio data in units of the second unit, and the processing efficiency can be improved. .

According to a twenty-seventh aspect of the present invention, the control unit comprises:
Continuous data information indicating whether or not data corresponding to a first data unit that is temporally continuous is logically and continuously arranged on a recording medium with data corresponding to a subsequent first data unit Of the data recording medium according to the gist (15) or (16), wherein the management is performed so as to be able to write or read in the management information area. According to the twenty-seventh aspect of the present invention, the first unit of interest is logically continuous with the immediately preceding first unit on the recording medium without referring to the information of the logical file system. This makes it possible to determine whether or not they are arranged, thereby increasing the efficiency of processing.

According to a twenty-eighth aspect of the present invention, the control unit comprises:
The first GOP of the second data unit is a closed GO
The information indicating whether the information is P or not is managed so as to be writable or readable in the management information area.
6. The data recording medium management device according to item 6. According to a twenty-eighth aspect of the present invention, before reproducing a second data unit, in order to correctly reproduce a frame in a GOP in the second data unit, in order to correctly reproduce a frame in the second data unit, the second data unit is actually reproduced. It is possible to grasp that the unit should be accessed.

According to a twenty-ninth aspect of the present invention, the control unit comprises:
17. The data recording medium according to the summary 15 or 16, wherein video frame information indicating the number of video frames to be managed in the MPEG data of the second data unit is managed so as to be writable or readable in the management information area. Management device. According to a twenty-ninth aspect of the present invention, in units of the second data unit, instead of a fixed number of frames,
An arbitrary number of frames can be managed.

According to a thirtieth aspect of the present invention, the control unit comprises:
As a video frame to be managed in the MPEG data of the second data unit, end position information indicating an end address of a reference picture on a recording medium is managed so as to be writable or readable in the management information area. The data recording medium management device described in the summary 15 or 16. According to the thirtieth aspect of the present invention, the amount of data for reading from the beginning of the second data unit to the target reference picture can be grasped in advance, and special reproduction can be easily realized. it can.

According to a thirty-first aspect of the present invention, the control unit comprises:
The reference picture start position information indicating the start address of the reference picture of the video frame to be managed in the MPEG data of the second data unit on the recording medium and the reference picture end position information indicating the end address are written in the management information area. Alternatively, there is provided a data recording medium management device according to summary 15 or 16, characterized in that the data recording medium is readable. According to the thirty-first aspect of the present invention, when a recording medium having sufficiently high access performance is used, a target reference picture can be selectively read based on position information from which data is to be read, and special reproduction is facilitated. Can be realized.

According to a thirty-second aspect of the present invention, the control unit comprises:
As a video frame to be managed in the MPEG data of the second data unit, start position information indicating a start address of a reference picture on a recording medium is managed so as to be writable or readable in the management information area. The data recording medium management device described in the summary 15 or 16. According to the thirty-second aspect of the present invention, when a recording medium having sufficiently high access performance is used, the start addresses of all frames are managed, so that the data amount of one frame is different from the start address of the next frame. Thus, data of an arbitrary frame can be selectively read, and special reproduction can be easily realized.

A thirty-third aspect of the present invention resides in that data for a continuous recording time in a first data array having video data is
A management device for a data recording medium that manages as reference data, wherein the reference data unit is configured by a plurality of small data units, and for each of the reference data units,
In advance, reference position information that is the start position information of the reference data unit, relative distance information from the reference position information to the start position information of each small data unit in the reference data unit, and additional recording audio data unit The additional recording presence / absence information indicating whether or not the additional recording audio data to be synchronously reproduced is stored is managed in the storage medium or a management information area provided in an instruction member of the data storage medium in a writable or readable manner. A data recording medium management device, comprising: According to the thirty-third aspect of the present invention, when reproducing data, it is possible to know in advance whether it is necessary to read additional recording audio data, and the processing efficiency can be improved.

A recording medium management system according to a thirty-fourth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that data for a predetermined reproduction time in first data (original data) comprising video and audio is
The first unit (EU) is managed, and in the first unit (EU), the minimum unit of data that can be reproduced independently is managed as a second unit (VU), and the first unit (EU) is managed. A management method for a recording medium on which a multimedia data stream having the same playback time of the (EU) and the same playback time of the second unit (VU) is recorded, wherein the second unit ( VU) has position information on a recording medium as management information for each second unit, and based on the position information of the second unit (VU) on the recording medium, the first unit (EU).
The position information on the recording medium U) is calculated.

According to the thirty-fourth aspect of the present invention, in the multimedia data stream, the position information on the recording medium of the second unit necessary for accessing an arbitrary frame and the minimum unit of destructive editing are provided. Position information of a certain first unit on a recording medium can be easily obtained without requiring complicated calculations. Further, since the position information of the second unit that is frequently referred to is provided as the management information, there is no need to calculate the position information, and the management information can be referred to efficiently.

A recording medium management system according to a thirty-fifth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in first data (original data) comprising video and audio, data for a predetermined reproduction time and reproduction in synchronization with the data. The second data (additional recording data) to be managed is managed as a first unit (EU),
In the first unit (EU), the minimum unit of data that can be reproduced independently is managed as a second unit (VU), the reproduction time of the first unit (EU) is made the same, and A management method of a recording medium on which a multimedia data stream having the same reproduction time of the second unit (VU) is recorded, wherein the position of the second data (additional recording data) on the recording medium is Information
And the position information of the second unit (VU) on the recording medium as the management information of each second unit, and the second data (additional recording data). The position information of the first unit (EU) on the recording medium is calculated based on the position information of the first unit (VU) on the recording medium and the position information of the second unit (VU) on the recording medium. is there.

According to a thirty-fifth aspect of the present invention, in a multimedia data stream, position information on a recording medium of a second unit necessary for accessing an arbitrary frame is synchronized with predetermined data. Second to play
The position information of the first unit on the recording medium and the position information of the first unit, which is the minimum unit of destructive editing, on the recording medium can be easily obtained without requiring complicated calculations. In addition, since the position information of the frequently referred second unit and the position information of the second data are provided as management information, there is no need to calculate the position information, and the management information is referred to efficiently. be able to.

A recording medium management system according to a thirty-sixth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that data for a predetermined reproduction time in first data (original data) comprising video and audio is
The first unit (EU) is managed, and in the first unit (EU), the minimum unit of data that can be reproduced independently is managed as a second unit (VU), and the first unit (EU) is managed. A method of managing a recording medium on which a multimedia data stream having the same playback time of (EU) and the same playback time of the second unit (VU) is recorded, wherein the first unit ( The position information of the EU) on the recording medium is stored as management information for each first unit, and the position information of the second unit (VU) on the recording medium is stored as management information for each second unit. It is what you have.

According to the thirty-sixth aspect of the present invention, in the multimedia data stream, the position information on the recording medium of the second unit necessary for accessing an arbitrary frame and the minimum unit of destructive editing. The position information of the first unit on the recording medium can be easily obtained without requiring complicated calculations.

A recording medium management system according to a thirty-seventh aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in first data (original data) composed of video and audio, data for a predetermined reproduction time and reproduction in synchronization with the data are performed. The second data (additional recording data) to be managed is managed as a first unit (EU),
In the first unit (EU), the minimum unit of data that can be reproduced independently is managed as a second unit (VU), the reproduction time of the first unit (EU) is made the same, and A management method of a recording medium on which a multimedia data stream having the same reproduction time of the second unit (VU) is recorded, wherein the position information of the first unit (EU) on the recording medium and From the start position of the first unit (EU) on the recording medium,
And the distance information to the start position of the data (additional recording data) on the recording medium, as management information for each first unit, and the position information of the second unit (VU) on the recording medium. As management information for each second unit.

According to the thirty-seventh aspect of the present invention, in the multimedia data stream, the position information and the predetermined data are synchronized with the position information on the recording medium of the second unit necessary for accessing an arbitrary frame. The position information on the recording medium of the second data to be reproduced and the position information on the recording medium of the first unit, which is the minimum unit of destructive editing, can be easily converted without requiring complicated calculations. Obtainable.

A recording medium management system according to a thirty-eighth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in first data (original data) composed of video and audio, data for a predetermined reproduction time and reproduction in synchronization with the data. The second data (additional recording data) to be managed is managed as a first unit (EU),
In the first unit (EU), the minimum unit of data that can be reproduced independently is managed as a second unit (VU), the reproduction time of the first unit (EU) is made the same, and , A management method of a recording medium on which a multimedia data stream having the same reproduction time of the second unit (VU) is recorded, wherein position information of the second unit (VU) on the recording medium and From the start position of the first unit (EU) on the recording medium,
And the distance information to the start position of the data (additional recording data) on the recording medium as management information for each second unit, and the position information of the second unit (VU) on the recording medium is included in the information. Based on this, position information of the first unit (EU) on a recording medium is calculated.

According to the thirty-eighth aspect of the present invention, in the multimedia data stream, the position information and the predetermined data are synchronized with the position information on the recording medium of the second unit necessary for accessing an arbitrary frame. The position information on the recording medium of the second data to be reproduced and the position information on the recording medium of the first unit, which is the minimum unit of destructive editing, can be easily converted without requiring complicated calculations. Obtainable. Further, since only the position information of the second unit is provided as the management information, it is possible to perform management with the minimum necessary information.

A thirty-ninth aspect of the present invention is the recording medium management system according to the thirty-fourth to thirty-eighth aspects, wherein the management information has information indicating an offset value with respect to position information. According to a thirty-ninth aspect of the present invention, when a part of the head of a multimedia data stream is deleted, the number of blocks of the deleted data is recorded as an offset value in the management information, so that It is not necessary to update the position information, and it is possible to save time and effort in processing at the time of editing.

According to a fortieth aspect of the present invention, in the recording medium management method according to the thirty-fourth to thirty-fifth aspects, the recording medium management method further comprises management information indicating a reproduction time of video data managed by the first unit. Features. According to the fortieth aspect, by using the management information indicating the playback time of the video data in the first unit, the first unit including the frame is specified from the time stamp information of the arbitrary frame. Becomes possible.

According to a forty-first aspect of the present invention, in the recording medium management system according to the forty-fifth aspect, position information of the first unit on a recording medium and video information managed by the first unit are provided. Based on the data playback time, the first
The reproduction rate of the video data of the unit is calculated. According to the forty-first aspect of the present invention, since it is possible to calculate the reproduction rate of the video data in the first unit, without reproducing the video data,
The data reproduction rate can be grasped in advance.

According to a forty-second aspect of the present invention, in the recording medium management system described in the thirty-fourth to thirty-eighth aspects, the recording medium management information includes a reproduction time of video data managed by the second unit. And According to the forty-second aspect of the present invention, by using the management information indicating the playback time of the video data in the second unit, the second unit including the frame is specified from the time stamp information of the arbitrary frame. It is possible to do.

According to a forty-third aspect of the present invention, in the recording medium management system according to the forty-second aspect, position information of the second unit on a recording medium and video information managed by the second unit are provided. Based on the data playback time, the second
The reproduction rate of the video data of the unit is calculated. According to the forty-third aspect of the present invention, since it is possible to calculate the playback rate of the video data in the second unit, without playing back the video data,
The data reproduction rate can be grasped in advance.

A forty-fourth aspect of the present invention is the recording medium management method according to the thirty-fourth to thirty-eighth aspects, wherein the management information is position information of a unit or data on a unit or data recording medium. Characterized by having information indicating the start address of Forty-fourth aspect of the present invention
According to the gist, since the start address of each data on the recording medium is used as the position information, the access start position to the data managed by each management information can be obtained.

A forty-fifth aspect of the present invention is based on the recording medium management system according to the forty-fourth aspect, wherein the start address on the recording medium is a relative address ignoring the division arrangement of the stream on the recording medium. It is an address. According to the forty-fifth aspect of the present invention, since the relative address is used as the start address ignoring the divisional arrangement of the stream on the recording medium, the data managed by the first unit or the second unit is used. Data volume of
It is possible to grasp from the relationship with the preceding and following start addresses.

According to a forty-sixth aspect of the present invention, in the recording medium management system according to the thirty-fourth to thirty-eighth aspects, the management information for each of the second units is synchronously reproduced corresponding to the second unit. It is characterized by having information indicating whether or not data to be included is included in the second data. According to the forty-sixth aspect of the present invention, when reproducing data based on management information indicating whether or not data to be synchronously reproduced corresponding to the second unit is included in the second data, , It is possible to determine in advance whether the second data needs to be read in units of the second unit.

A forty-seventh aspect of the present invention is the recording medium management system according to the thirty-fifth to thirty-seventh aspects, wherein the management information for each of the first units or the management information for the second data is It is characterized by having information indicating whether data to be synchronously reproduced corresponding to the first unit is included in the second data. According to the forty-seventh aspect of the present invention, when reproducing data based on management information indicating whether or not data to be synchronously reproduced corresponding to the first unit is included in the second data. , First
It is possible to grasp in advance whether it is necessary to read the second data in units of the unit.

According to a forty-eighth aspect of the present invention, in the recording medium management system according to the thirty-fourth to thirty-eighth aspects, the management information for each of the second units or the management information for each of the first units is Data corresponding to the first unit that is temporally continuous has information indicating whether or not the data is logically continuously arranged on the recording medium.
According to the forty-eighth aspect of the present invention, the first unit of interest is logically continuous on the recording medium with the immediately preceding first unit without referring to the information of the logical file system. It is possible to determine whether or not they are arranged.

According to a forty-ninth aspect of the present invention, in the recording medium management system according to the thirty-fourth to thirty-eighth aspects, the management information for each second unit is such that the first GOP of the second unit is Closed. It is characterized by having information indicating whether it is a GOP or not. According to a forty-ninth aspect of the present invention, before playing back the second unit,
In order to correctly reproduce the frame in, it is possible to know that the second unit immediately before should be accessed.

According to a fiftieth aspect of the present invention, in the recording medium management method according to the thirty-fourth to thirty-eighth aspects, the management information for each second unit is the M information of the second unit.
It is characterized by having information indicating the number of pieces of position information of video frames to be managed in PEG data. The fifth of the present invention
According to the gist of 0, it is possible to manage an arbitrary number of frames instead of a fixed number of frames in units of the second unit.

According to a fifty-first aspect of the present invention, in the recording medium management system described in the thirty-fourth to thirty-eighth aspects, the management information of each second unit is the M information of the second unit.
It is characterized in that the position information of the video frame to be managed in the PEG data includes information indicating the end address of the reference picture on the recording medium. According to the fifty-first aspect of the present invention, the amount of data for reading from the head of the second unit to the target reference picture can be grasped in advance, and trick play can be easily realized. .

According to a fifty-second aspect of the present invention, in the recording medium management method according to the thirty-fourth to thirty-eighth aspects, the management information for each of the second units is the M of the second unit.
It is characterized in that the position information of a video frame to be managed in the PEG data includes information indicating a start address and an end address of a reference picture on a recording medium. According to the fifty-second aspect of the present invention, when a recording medium having sufficiently high access performance is used, a target reference picture can be selectively read based on position information from which data is to be read, and special reproduction is facilitated. Can be realized.

According to a fifty-third aspect of the present invention, in the recording medium management system according to the thirty-fourth to thirty-eighth aspects, the management information of each second unit is the M information of the second unit.
It is characterized in that information indicating the start address of each picture on the recording medium is provided as position information of all video frames in the PEG data. According to the fifty-third aspect of the present invention, when a recording medium having sufficiently high access performance is used, the start addresses of all frames are managed, so that the data amount of one frame differs from the start address of the next frame. Thus, data of an arbitrary frame can be selectively read, and special reproduction can be easily realized.

According to a fifty-fourth aspect of the present invention, in the recording medium management system described in the thirty-fourth to fifty-third aspects, the management information is recorded in a predetermined management area on the recording medium. I do. According to a fifty-fourth aspect of the present invention,
Even when reading and writing a plurality of pieces of management information, it can be performed in a short time, and since the data area and the management information area are clearly separated, a file of the management information may be created in the data area. Since there is no data, continuous arrangement of data in the data area can be realized.

[0098]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS [First Embodiment] A first embodiment of a recording medium management system according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to FIGS. First, the MPEG stream configuration handled in the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.

When variable-length encoded data such as MPEG data is recorded on a recording medium such as a disk or a memory,
In order to realize random access such as starting reproduction from an arbitrary position or performing special reproduction using only an arbitrary frame, management information for managing position information on a disk where desired data is recorded Is needed. This is because the data amount of each video frame of the MPEG data recorded on the recording medium is variable, so that the recording position of an arbitrary frame on the disc cannot be calculated or the like.

In the present embodiment, description will be made on the assumption that the MPEG technology is used as an example of the variable length coding, and that the recording medium is a disk. It should be noted that even if a semiconductor memory or the like is used as a recording medium, it can be realized with the same configuration as that using a disk.

First, the configuration of an MPEG stream used in this embodiment will be described. The video data is M
It is assumed that the audio data is encoded at a fixed rate by PEG encoding at a variable rate, and that the original data and the additional recording (post-recording) data are encoded at a fixed rate.

In the stream configuration of FIG. 1, a continuous editable unit (Editable Unit Sequence) EUS
The abbreviation "EUS") includes a plurality of editing units (Edit
capable unit) EU (hereinafter abbreviated as “EU”), and starts recording (REC Start) and stops recording (Rec
Stop) or a recording pause (Rec Pause). Further, a time stamp, which is continuous time management information, must be added to MPEG data managed by one EUS. EU is the minimum unit in destructive editing. The destructive editing means editing involving movement or deletion on the disk, and the minimum unit of destructive editing means that movement or deletion on the disk can be performed only in EU units. If some EUs in the middle of one EUS are deleted by destructive editing, discontinuity occurs in the time stamp of the MPEG stream, so the EUS needs to be divided.

EU is a video unit (Video Unit) V
U (hereinafter abbreviated as “VU”) and an additional recording unit (Post Recording Unit) PRU (hereinafter abbreviated as “PRU”), and must be continuously recorded on the disk. There is also a stream configuration without a PRU.

The start position and the end position of the PRU on the disc may be restricted to be on the boundary of an error correction code block, that is, an ECC block. The PRU is a data area for additional recording that is reproduced in synchronization with video data in the EU.
There must be an area that can record data corresponding to the presentation time of U video data.

FIG. 1A shows a case where there is no EU header EU Header (hereinafter abbreviated as “EUHeader”) described later at the head, and FIG. ). The EU Header is:
It is a packet for storing header information for managing the EU added to the head of the EU. When defining this EU Header, it is possible to record stream management information relating to the EU.

The VU is a unit in which the VU Header, video data of 1 GOP or more, and corresponding audio data are put together. The presentation time of each EU and VU in the same EUS is fixed. The presentation time of a VU corresponds to the playback time of video data managed by one VU, and the presentation time of an EU means the playback time of video data managed by one EU.

The EUS is divided into fixed-length blocks of 2048 bytes. One block is stored in one logical block, and one block is basically composed of one packet. The packet here is ISO / IEC13818-1
This packet is recorded on a disc in conformity with the PES Packet specified in.

FIG. 2 shows the relationship between EUS and blocks. In the figure, PRU is a PRU header block PH BLK
(Hereinafter abbreviated as "PH BLK"), audio block
A BLK (hereinafter abbreviated as “A BLK”) and a padding block P BLK (hereinafter abbreviated as “P BLK”). PH BLK stores a packet storing header information related to PRU, A BLK stores an audio packet specified by ISO / IEC13818-3, and P BLK stores a padding packet specified by ISO / IEC13818-1.

VU is a VU header block VH BLK
(Hereinafter abbreviated as "VH BLK"), ABLK (Audio Bloc
k) and a video block V BLK (hereinafter abbreviated as “V BLK”). VH BLK is a packet storing header information on VU, and A BLK is a packet storing ISO / IEC13818-3
The audio packet, V BLK, specified in ISO / IEC13
Packets each storing video data specified by 818-2 are stored. In the case of a stream in which the EU Header is defined, the head of the EU is an EH header block EH B
LK (hereinafter, abbreviated as “EH BLK”) is stored.

In the PRU area, when there is no additional recording data such as an initial state, padding is performed by a padding block (P BLK) except for the PH BLK of the header block. When additional recording is performed, audio blocks and the like are actually recorded, such as ABLK. The audio data is reproduced in synchronization with the video data in the corresponding VU.

In the VU, the audio part is composed of a plurality of ABLKs, and the video data part is composed of a plurality of VBLKs. The audio data is reproduced in synchronization with the video data.

When performing special reproduction such as starting reproduction from an arbitrary frame or selecting and reproducing an arbitrary frame by using a disk on which an MPEG stream is recorded, as described above, recording on the disk is performed. MP
Because the data amount of each frame of EG data is different,
It is not possible to find the recording position of an arbitrary frame on the disc by calculation or the like. Therefore, management information for accessing an arbitrary frame is required. In the present embodiment, this management information is stored in an address lookup table (Address LookUp Table) (hereinafter referred to as “Address”).
LUT ”), and will be described below. Also,
The definition of the phrase here will be described below.

In the present embodiment, additional recording means post-recording in which only audio is recorded later on original data that has already been recorded. PRU means an area in which additional recording data is recorded when performing the post-recording.

Logical Block Number (Logical Block Number)
r) LBN (hereinafter abbreviated as "LBN") is an address added to a logical block (Logical Block) which is a minimum management unit on a disk provided by a logical file system. On the disc, there are areas that cannot be used from the user's perspective, such as areas for writing data, areas for recording error correction codes for written data, and alternative areas for places that cannot be used for any reason. Exists on disk. Therefore, addresses are added in ascending order with respect to locations that can be actually used by the user.
The user-usable area ascending address is called a logical block number, and the management unit is called a logical block.
Also, the relative logical block number (Relative Logical Block Number)
Number) RLBN (hereinafter abbreviated as “RLBN”)
Means the relative expression of this logical block number.

Presentation time stamp (Presentation Time
Stamp) PTS (hereinafter abbreviated as “PTS”) is M
33bi is a time stamp management format in the PEG standard.
It is information of t. This PTS is mainly information for managing the time when the MPEG data is to be displayed.
It is expressed by 90KHz component. Here, the most significant bit of the PTS component is removed and handled as 32-bit information. This is because 33 bits are an odd value to be handled by a microcomputer and the like, and 32 bits of information can be sufficiently managed. This PT (Presentation Tim)
e) Called Format (FIGS. 5 and 7).

The RT (Real Time Stamp) Format (FIGS. 5 and 6) is a type for managing the date and time when management information was created. The ECC (Error Correction Code) is an error correction code, and is recorded with an ECC added for each predetermined unit when recording on a disc. For example,
ECC is added every 32 KB and recorded. When considering disk access, the unit of ECC has an important meaning. This is because the unit for reading and writing data from the disk is the ECC block unit.

From the viewpoint of the user, reading and writing can be performed in logical block units. For example, if the size of one logical block is 2 KB, it is possible to execute access in 2 KB units. When actually accessing the disk, in the case of reading, an ECC block including 2 KB to be read is read, and unnecessary portions are discarded. Also, at the time of recording, add 30 KB of dummy data to 2 KB to be written, or if the data has already been recorded on the disk, read the written data once from the disk, replace the changed part, and Will be recorded. Thus, in order to perform high-speed disk access, it is necessary to pay attention to the ECC block.

The Object ID (FIGS. 5 to 7) is an ID for identifying individual management information, and is a String.
(FIGS. 5 and 6) are types representing character strings, and Uint N (FIGS. 5 to 7) is a type for managing unsigned N-bit integers.

The Address LUT is management information for giving the position of an arbitrary frame in the MPEG data recorded on the disk to be accessed on the disk. At this time, time information (time stamp) of the frame is used as key information for designating an arbitrary frame.
Is used. Specifically, based on a presentation time (Presentation Time) PT (hereinafter abbreviated as “PT”) corresponding to an arbitrary frame, the start of the VU and EU including the frame (FIG. 3), and the It gives the position on the disk where the data of the I picture and the P picture are recorded. If the stream has a PRU,
Gives the start position on the disc of the PRU in the EU containing the VU. Here, the PT is 4-byte information added to the MPEG stream or obtained by removing the most significant bit from the corresponding PTS value.

As shown in FIG. 3, in order to access a target frame, the start address of the VU including the frame is given instead of giving the position of the data corresponding to the frame on the disk. This is because, due to the characteristics of MPEG, even if a frame is in the middle of a VU, the target frame cannot be decoded without reference data such as an I picture and a P picture existing in the VU.

For example, when accessing from the tenth frame of the video data recorded on the disk, the PT for designating the tenth frame is 3003 × 10 = 3003
It becomes 0. Here, reference numeral 3003 denotes P corresponding to the presentation time of one frame when NTSC video is encoded by MPEG.
This is a decimal representation of the value of T. 30030 is Addre
This is key information for obtaining a recording position on the disk using the ss LUT. Also, for example, when there are 15 frames of video in one VU, the total presentation time of one VU is 15
× 3003 = 45045. If the frame to be referred to is the 100th frame from the beginning, the VU number included in this frame is (100 × 3003) /45045+1=1.67.
By this calculation, it is found that the video of the 100th frame is included in the seventh VU counted from the top, and it is understood that the management information of the seventh VU should be referred to.

Next, a description will be given of the situation where the Address LUT is used. The MPEG data recorded by the user is the recording start Rec Start
1 to the section from recording stop Rec Stop or pause Pause
Is defined as one EUS.

It is assumed that real data of MPEG is managed as a file in EUS units using a logical file system that manages information on the location of data on a disk by a file name. This is shown in FIG. In this example, E
US0 is managed by the logical file system under the file name FDAV0000.EUS. This file name FD
AV000.EUS is one EUS, but is actually recorded on the disc in a fragmented manner like the file names EUS0-1 and EUS0-2 in the figure. Similarly, EUS1 is FDAV0001.EU
S and EUS2 are managed with a file name of FDAV0002.EUS. Management information called "EUS Information" for managing EUS actual data in EUS units is generated. Therefore, when the user starts recording from Rec Start to recording stop Rec
If a plurality of scenes corresponding to Stop are recorded, the same number of management information EUS Information (hereinafter, abbreviated as “EUS Information”) will be generated.

FIG. 5 shows an example of EUS Information. EUS
Information is information for managing the EUS recorded on the disc. As shown in the field name column of FIG. 5, an ID for distinguishing the EUS information, size, title information, date and time when the EUS was created, and the like are displayed. Updated date and time, text information, thumbnail information for managing the representative thumbnail of the EUS, Data ID for specifying the EUS file managed by the logical file system, and DataFile Si indicating the data size of the EUS
It has attribute information such as ze, EUS, video, audio, camera, additional recording, source, copyright, and still image. In addition, reference information indicating from which program the managed EUS is referenced is also prepared. And, as important management information, the field name "Start PT"
"End PT", "Post Recording Unit Size", "Addres
There is management information indicated by "s LUT". Hereinafter, the management information is indicated by "" using the field name.

The “Start PT” and “End PT” include the EU
Added to the stream itself of the first and last display frames of EUS data managed by S Information,
Alternatively, a value obtained by converting a corresponding PTS value into a PT format is recorded. Since one EUS always manages video data corresponding to continuous time stamps, for example,
By subtracting "Start PT" from "End PT", the total presentation time of the EUS can be calculated.

“Post Recording Uint Size” is PRU
Is information indicating the size within each EU. The same EU
The size of the PRU in each EU does not become variable in S. The “Address LUT” is management information for giving the position of an arbitrary frame in the MPEG data recorded on the disk to be accessed on the disk.

As described above, according to EUS Information,
Information about EUS recorded as a file on the disc can be obtained.

When the MPEG data recorded by the user is to be reproduced from the beginning according to the recording order, the "Ad
It is possible to play without a dress LUT. However, if, for example, an arbitrary number of EUSs, which are original data at the time of recording, are selected and used in an arbitrary order by making use of the random accessibility of the disc, the management information of the "Address LUT" Is needed.

First, an arbitrary number of arbitrary portions of EUS which is original data is selected, and management information for reproducing the selected portions in an arbitrary order is used as a program.
This program manages information for specifying an EUS to be referred to, and a start point and an end point of an arbitrary point to be selected in the EUS data.

FIG. 6 shows an example of program management information. As shown in FIG. 6, in the program, information such as an ID for identifying the program, a size, a title, a creation date and time, text information, and a representative thumbnail of the program are managed.

Important information related to the “Address LUT” includes “Number of EUS Stream Information” and “E
US Stream Information "information. "Number of EUS
“Stream Information” information indicates the number of scenes managed by this program.
The nformation will be recorded.

As shown in FIG. 7, the management information “EUS Stream
In “Information”, “Reference” for managing the ID number of management information “EUS Information” referred to by this scene
d EUSID ”and“ Sta ”indicating the selected
rt PT ”and“ End PT ”. This "Start P
"T" and "End PT" are recorded as absolute PT-based values added to or corresponding to the EUS to be referred to. In addition, the text information for the scene and the representative thumbnail of the scene can be managed. By managing the information for specifying the EUS and the information on the start point and the end point by a plurality of programs, it is possible to select an arbitrary number of arbitrary portions and reproduce them in an arbitrary order. .

Here, “EUS Information” and EUS
FIG. 8 shows the relationship with (actual data). As shown in FIG. 8, “Program # 0” is a special program corresponding to all video data on the disc and is treated as an original program. In other words, it is a program that allows all recorded videos to be viewed in the order of recording.

[0134] After "Program # 1", the programs are treated as programs created by the user (can be freely edited), and these programs are called user programs. “Program # 1” in the example in the figure manages three scenes. The first and second scenes are a selection of part of “EUS # 1”, and the third scene is “EUS # 1”.
# 2 "was selected.

Here, an example of creating a user program will be described. First, the user is presented with, for example, a thumbnail of an original program for managing all scenes recorded on the disc, and selects a scene (material) in the original program to be used as a user program. When a scene is selected, for example, the user displays a video of the corresponding scene and specifies a reproduction range to be used as a user program. This playback range is "St
art PT ”and“ End PT ”. When the reproduction range is determined, “Program Information” which is management information of the user program is recorded on the disc. At this time, "Pro
"Gram Information" includes the number of scenes to be reproduced by the corresponding user program and "EUS Information" which is management information of "EUS" corresponding to each scene.
"Referenced E" which is information for identifying the file
"US ID" and "Star"
Manage “t PT” and “End PT”. By repeating the same processing for all scenes defined as a user program in this way, it is possible to manage a plurality of user scenes with one user program.

As described above, in the user program, any part of any EUS can be selected as a scene. When the selected scene is reproduced, as described above, the management information of the “Address LUT” Is necessary.

Creating a user program using only management information without copying actual data in this way is called nondestructive editing. Since an arbitrary number of arbitrary portions are selected and reproduced in an arbitrary order using the original data as a material, an extra disk area is not used and the efficiency is very high.

Next, in the above-mentioned MPEG stream, the head addresses of PRU and VU are obtained,
The first embodiment of the recording medium management method of the present invention is to calculate the start address of
This will be described below.

First, the arrangement of PRUs will be described. M
If a PRU exists in the PEG stream, the user may have performed additional recording. If a PRU is present, determine whether the PRU is being used.
Confirm using information “PR Existence” in “PRU Status” or “VU Status” described later (FIGS. 11, 13, and 1).
4).

Information “PR Existenece” in “PRU Status” of “PRU Information” is management information indicating whether or not additional recording has been made in the corresponding EU, and includes “VU Informa”.
Information “PR Existence” in “VU Status”
This is management information for indicating whether or not additional recording data corresponding to the VU being managed exists (FIG. 11). Depending on the application, “PR Existe” of “PRU Status” and “VU Status”
nce "may be used.

If the additional recording data exists and the additional recording data is to be reproduced, the additional recording data is read in advance before accessing the target VU, and the additional recording data read when the video data is displayed. The data needs to be played in sync with the video.

As described above, the “PR Existence” information (FIG. 1)
By using 1), it is possible to know in advance whether or not additional recording has been performed, and when no additional recording has been performed, it is not necessary to access the PRU in advance, and it is possible to reduce unnecessary disk access. Become.

As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, there are two types of arrangement of PRUs according to the arrangement on the disk. This is due to the restriction that the PRU must be aligned at the ECC boundary, and if the head of the EU happens to be the ECC boundary, as shown in FIG.
PRUs are arranged from the beginning of the. However, if the head of the EU is not an ECC boundary, as shown in FIG.
This is the start position of U. From the head of the EU to the boundary of the ECC, that is, to the start position of the PRU, the first V in the EU
A part of U is arranged.

When the EU header is defined at the head of the EU, the EUR happens to be restricted due to the restriction that the PRU must be aligned at the ECC boundary.
If the ECC boundary is immediately after “Header”, FIG.
, The PRU is arranged immediately after the “EU Header”. However, if it is not the ECC boundary, FIG.
Look in order from immediately after the "EU Header", as in
The first ECC boundary that appears is the start position of the PRU.

A part of the first VU in the EU is arranged immediately after the “EU Header” to the start position of the PRU. The start address on the disc where the PRU is recorded can be obtained from the information "RLBN of PRU" of "PRU Information".

FIG. 11 shows the contents of “Address LUT” (FIG. 5). The definition of the management information in FIG. 11 will be sequentially described below. Note that the details of the management information in FIG.
This is shown in FIGS. In the figure, “Address Of
“fset” stores the offset value of the relative logical block number (RLBN) managed by the “Address LUT” in the Uint32 format. If an arbitrary number of EUs have been deleted from the beginning of the EUS, the number of deleted logical blocks is stored in this field. Therefore, when referencing the relative logical block number (RLBN) handled in the “Address LUT”, the “Address Offset” must be subtracted from the value to refer to it. Also, the initial value of “Address Offset” must always be 0.

“PB Time of EU” is the “Address LU”
T "indicates the setting presentation time of each EU in the EUS managed by" T ". The setting presentation time is a reproduction time of video data in one EU, and takes a fixed value in the same EUS. EU
This is not the case for the last EU in S.

[0148] "PB Time of EU" must be recorded in the PT Format format. Information here PB Time of
EU must be a multiple of the difference between the PTSs of adjacent video frames in the MPEG stream, that is, the value obtained by converting the PTS corresponding to the presentation time per image into the PT format.

“PB Time of VU” is the “Address LU”
T "indicates the set presentation time of each VU in the EUS managed by" T ". The setting presentation time is a reproduction time of video data in one VU, and takes a fixed value in the same EUS. EU
This is not always the case for the last VU in S.

[0150] Also, "PB Time of VU" must be recorded in PT Format. Information here PB Time of
The VU must be a multiple of the difference between the PTSs of the adjacent video frames in the MPEG stream, that is, the value obtained by converting the PTS corresponding to the presentation time per frame into the PT format.

“Number of PRU Information” records the number of PRUs existing in the EUS managed by the “Address LUT” in the Uint32 format. Since the PRU has a one-to-one correspondence with the EU, the value of this field takes the same value as the number of EUs existing in the EUS. If the stream configuration has no PRU, 0 must always be recorded.

“Number of VU Information” records the number of VUs existing in the EUS managed by the “Address LUT” in the Uint32 format.

[PRU Information] is the information of each P in the EUS.
Information on the RU is managed as shown in FIG. P
If the RU does not exist, the “Number of PRU Informat
“0” is recorded in “ion”, and “PRU Information” is not recorded.

"RLBN of PRU" (FIG. 13)
Information ”indicates the start address of the PRU managed on the disk. The address here is the number of relative logical blocks from the head of EUS. "RLBN of PRU" is U
Must be recorded in int24 format. "PRU Status"
Manages the state of the PRU managed by the "PRU Information" as shown in FIG.

“PR Existence” (Bit 0) (FIG. 14)
PRU managed by this “PRU Information” (FIG. 13)
If additional record data exists in, record ONE, otherwise record ZERO. This field may be omitted when managing the presence of additional recording data in VU units.

“VU Information” (FIG. 12) is EUS
Information about each VU in FIG.
Management is performed as shown in (b). FIG. 15A shows a case where the position information of the video frame managed in the VU is only the start address or the end address.
(B) similarly shows a case where the position information is a start address and an end address.

The “RLBN of VU” (FIG. 15)
nformation ”(FIG. 12) indicates the start address of the VU on the disk. The address here is the number of relative logical blocks from the head of EUS. "RLBN of VU"
Must be recorded in Uint24 format.

“VU Status” (FIG. 15) is the “VU In”
The state of the VU managed by "formation" (FIGS. 12 and 15) is managed as shown in FIG. 16 (a) or 16 (b). FIG. 16A shows a case where “Non Contiguous Point” is defined, and FIG. 16B shows “Non Contiguous Point”.
"continuous Point" is not defined.

“PR Existence” (Bit 0) (FIG. 16)
V managed by this “VU Information” (FIGS. 12 and 15)
If additional recording data corresponding to U exists, ONE is recorded, and if not, ZERO is recorded. If there is no PRU in the EU, ZERO must always be recorded. When additional recording (dubbing) is performed only in EU units, "PR Exsistence" in "PRU Status" described above may be used, and this field may not be used.

The “Closed GOP” (Bit 1) (FIG. 16)
It manages whether the first GOP in U is a Closed GOP.
ONE if GOP is Closed GOP, ZER otherwise
Record O. If it is not a Closed GOP, the video of the first few frames of that GOP has no information of the previous GOP,
Decoding may not be possible.

The “Non Contigous Point” (Bit 2) is an EU containing the VU managed by this “VU Information”.
Manages whether it is logically and continuously arranged on the disk with the immediately preceding EU. ZERO is recorded if they are arranged consecutively, and ONE is recorded if they are not consecutively arranged.

"Number of IP Pictures" (FIG. 15)
Records the number of pieces of position information of I-pictures and P-pictures in video data to be managed by the "VU Information" (FIG. 12) in Uint8 format.

“End RLBN of IP Pictures” (FIG. 15)
(A)) manages the end address on the disc including the I picture and the P picture in the VU managed by the “VU Information”. The address here is the number of relative logical blocks from the head of the VU.

In the first entry, address information on the first I picture in the VU must be stored. For the second and subsequent addresses, the address information relating to the I picture or the P picture is stored in the Uint16 format.
However, when a semiconductor memory with a high access speed is used as the recording medium or when the access performance of the disk device is extremely high, not only the end address but also the start address is given as the position information of the reference picture. In this case, change the field name of this item to "RL
BN of IP Pictures ", and the start address and the end address are each continuously recorded in Uint16 format.

Further, not only the address of only the reference picture but also the position information of all video frames may be managed. The position information in this case is the start recording position of each video frame on the disc. The data amount or end address of each frame can be obtained simply from the difference from the start address of the next frame. The above is management information
Address LUT management information.

Next, a specific use of the management information will be described with reference to FIGS. 17 and 18. FIG. First, a method of calculating a start address of a VU including a target frame will be described with reference to FIGS. When it is desired to start reproduction from a frame corresponding to an arbitrary PT in the EUS, the start position on the disc of the VU including the frame is calculated by “Address LUT”.

The basic processing procedure at that time is as follows. FIG. 17A shows a case where there is no “EU Header”, and FIG.
(B) shows each.

(1). The “StartPT” (FIG. 5) corresponding to the first display frame in the EUS is subtracted from the target PT, and a relative PT (Relative PT: RPT) is obtained as in the following equation (FIG. 17). “Start PT” is obtained by converting a PTS added or corresponding to an MPEG stream corresponding to the first display frame in the EUS into a PT format. RPT = PT-Start PT

As described above, the information of the start point and the end point used to select an arbitrary part from each user program is an absolute PT added to the stream or a corresponding absolute PT. By subtracting “Start PT” from, the relative time information from the beginning of the EUS can be obtained. Here, having the absolute time information in the user program means that, for example, even if the front of the EUS is deleted, only the information “Start PT” in “EUS Information” (FIG. 5) needs to be changed. , This EU
It is not necessary to update the start point and end point information, which are the reference information of all the user programs referring to S, which means that the processing is reduced.

(2). Relative PT (RPT) for each V in EUS
U setting presentation time ("PB Time of VU" (Fig. 12, 1
7) Divide by V and include the frame you want to start playing
The “VU Information Number” of U (FIG. 11) is obtained. FIG. 17A shows VU # 7, and FIG. 17B shows VU # 5. ip (n) is a function that returns the largest integer less than or equal to n. VU Info Num = ip (RPT / PB Time of VU)

(3). Search for "VU Information Numbe"
r ”(FIG. 11), the start address of the VU including the target frame is the number of relative logical blocks from the start of EUS.
It is obtained as RLBN ofVU '(FIG. 11) (FIG. 17). still,
The symbol RLBN of VU (n) means the value of “RLBN of VU” (FIG. 11) of the n-th “VU Information”. RLBN of VU '= RLBN of VU (VU Info Num)

As described above, the start address of the VU including the target frame can be obtained by simple calculation of “Address LUT” without performing processing such as search.

Next, a method of calculating the start address of the PRU in the EU including the target frame will be described with reference to FIG. P in the EU containing the desired frame
The basic procedure for calculating the start address of an RU is as follows.
FIG. 18B shows a case where “EU Header” is present in FIG. 18A. The head of the PRU is a location that needs to be accessed when additional recording data corresponding to the target frame exists.

(1). “StartPT” corresponding to the first display frame in the EUS from the target PT (Fig. 5, 1
8) is subtracted to obtain a relative PT (Relative PT RPT) (FIG. 18). RPT = PT-Start PT

(2). Relative PT (RPT) is calculated for each E in EUS
U setting presentation time (“PB Time of EU”
8) divided by E) contains the frame to start playback
Get U number. FIG. 18 shows EU # 1. E
Since the U and the PRU have a one-to-one correspondence, the EU number # 1 is directly used as the "PRU Information Number" (FIG. 11).
Becomes Note that ip (n) is a function that returns the largest integer equal to or less than n. PRU Info Num = ip (RPT / PB Time of EU)

(3). Search for "PRU Information Numbe"
r ”(FIG. 11), the PRU start address in the EU containing the target frame is obtained as the relative logical block number RLBN of PRU ′ from the start of the EUS (FIG. 11, 1).
8). RLBN of PRU '= RLBN of PRU (PRU Info Num)

As described above, in the same manner as when the head address of the VU is obtained, the head address of the PRU to be reproduced in synchronization with the VU including the target frame can be obtained by performing the “Address” processing without performing a search or the like. It can be obtained simply by "LUT" and calculation.

Further, a method of calculating the head of the EU including the target frame will be described. The head of the EU including the target frame is equivalent to the head of the first VU in the EU in the case of a stream having no PRU.
In the case of a stream in which a PRU exists, as described above, there are the following two cases depending on the arrangement of the PRU (FIG. 9).

(1). When the head of the EU starts from the ECC boundary (FIG. 9B), the head of the EU is equivalent to the head of the PRU. (2). When the head of the EU does not start from the ECC boundary (FIG. 9A), the head of the EU is equivalent to the head of the first VU included in the EU.

Therefore, when it is necessary to obtain the head of the EU, the start address of the PRU in the EU of interest and the E
By comparing the start address of the first VU included in the U with the start address of the first VU, the one recorded earlier can be interpreted as the head of the EU.

Here, the “VU Information Number” (FIG. 11) indicating the first VU included in the EU is obtained by the following equation. Note that ip (n) is a function that returns the largest integer equal to or less than n. VU Info Num = ip (RPT / PB Time of EU) * (PB Time of E
U / PB Time of VU) However, if a header for managing the EU is defined at the head of the EU (FIG. 10), the P in the EU of interest is
The start address of the EU can be obtained by comparing the start address of the RU with the start address of the first VU included in the EU and subtracting the header size from the address recorded earlier.

Next, in the above-described MPEG stream, the head addresses of EU and VU are obtained, and then PRU
The second embodiment of the recording medium management method of the present invention is to calculate the start address of
This will be described with reference to FIG.

First, the arrangement of PRUs will be described. M
If a PRU exists in the PEG stream, the user may have performed additional recording. If a PRU is present, it is determined whether the PRU is being used.
"PR E" in "EU Status" or "VU Status" described later
Confirm using "xistence".

"PR Existenece" in "EU Status" of "EU Information" is management information indicating whether or not an additional record has been made in the corresponding EU. "PR Existenece" in "VU Status" of "VU Information" “Existence” is management information for indicating whether or not additional record data corresponding to the VU being managed exists. "EU Status" depending on the application
Or only "PR Existence" of "VU Status". If additional recording data exists and the additional recording data is to be reproduced, the additional recording data must be read in advance before accessing the target VU.

As described above, by using the “PR Existence” information, it is possible to know in advance whether or not additional recording has been performed. If no additional recording has been performed, there is no need to access the PRU in advance. Extra disk access can be reduced.

As shown in FIGS. 19 and 20, there are two types of arrangement of PRUs according to the arrangement on the disk. This happens to be an EU due to the restriction that the PRU must be aligned at the ECC boundary.
Is the ECC boundary, as shown in FIG.
PRUs are arranged from the head of the EU. However, if the head of the EU is not an ECC boundary, as shown in FIG.
The ECC boundary that appears first from the top of U is the start position of the PRU. A part of the first VU in the EU is arranged from the head of the EU to the boundary of the ECC, that is, to the start position of the PRU.

When the EU header is defined at the head of the EU, the PRU must be aligned at an ECC boundary, so that the EU header happens to be an EU header.
If the ECC boundary is immediately after “Header”, FIG.
, The PRU is arranged immediately after the “EU Header”. However, if it is not the ECC boundary, FIG.
As shown in the above, the ECC boundary that appears first after looking right after the “EU Header” is the start position of the PRU. "EU
A part of the first VU in the EU is arranged from immediately after the "Header" to the start position of the PRU.

[0188] "PRU Pos" in "EU Status" shown in FIG.
In “ition”, the distance from the head of the EU to the start position of the PRU is recorded. Here, the distance means the number of logical blocks, and is at most 15 logical blocks apart.

FIG. 21 shows the contents of "Address LUT" (FIG. 5). The definition of the management information in FIG. 21 will be described in order. The details of the management information in FIG.
2 to 26. In the figure, “Address Offse
“t” stores the offset value of the relative logical block number (RLBN) managed by the “Address LUT” in the Uint32 format. If an arbitrary number of EUs have been deleted from the beginning of the EUS, the number of deleted logical blocks is stored in this field.

Therefore, when referring to the relative logical block number (RLBN) handled in the “Address LUT”, the “Address Offset” must be subtracted from the value to be referenced. Also, the initial value must always be 0.

[0191] "PB Time of EU" is the "Address LU".
T "indicates the setting presentation time of each EU in the EUS managed by" T ". The setting presentation time is a playback time of video data in one EU, and takes a fixed value in the same EUS. This is not the case for the last EU in the EU. “PB Time of EU” must be recorded in PT Format. Here, the PB Time of EU must be a multiple of the difference between the PTSs of the adjacent video frames in the MPEG stream, that is, the value obtained by converting the PTS corresponding to the presentation time per sheet into the PT format.

“PB Time of VU” is the “Address LU”
T "indicates the set presentation time of each VU in the EUS managed by" T ". The setting presentation time is a playback time of video data in one VU, and takes a fixed value in the same EUS. This is not the case for the last VU in EUS. “PB Time of VU” must be recorded in PT Format. “PB Time of VU” here is MPE
Difference between PTSs of adjacent video frames in the G stream,
In other words, the PTS equivalent to the presentation time per sheet is PT Form
Must be a multiple of what is converted to at.

[0193] "Number of EU Information" records the number of EUs existing in the EUS managed by the "Address LUT" in the Uint32 format. Also, `` Number of VU Infor
“mation” records the number of VUs existing in the EUS managed by the “Address LUT” in the Uint32 format.

“EU Information” (FIG. 12) is an EUS
The information on each EU in is managed as shown in FIG. “RLBN of EU” indicates the start address on the EU disk managed by the “EU Information”. The address here is the number of relative logical blocks from the head of EUS. "RLBN of EU" must be recorded in Uint24 format. “EU Status” is the “EU Informatio”
The state of the EU managed by “n” is shown in FIG.
Management is performed as shown in (b).

"PRU Position" (Bits 0 to 4) (FIG. 24)
Reports information on the location of PRUs in this EU to "PRU Po
sition ”. The “PRU Position” indicates the start position of the PRU in the EU by a distance (the number of LBNs) from the head of the EU. If the PRU is arranged from the beginning of the EU, 0 is recorded. Otherwise, the distance from the beginning of the EU is recorded in the range of 1 to 16 logical blocks. If no PRU exists in the EU, 0 must always be recorded.

“PR Existence” (Bit 5) (FIG. 24)
ONE if additional record data corresponding to EU managed by this "EU Information" exists, ZER otherwise
Record O. If there is no PRU in the EU, ZERO must always be recorded. This field may be omitted when managing the presence of additional recording data in VU units.

“Non Contigous Point” (Bit 6) (FIG. 2)
4 (b)) is the EU managed by this "EU Information"
Manages whether the data is logically and continuously arranged on the disk with the immediately preceding EU. ZERO is recorded if they are arranged consecutively, and ONE is recorded if they are not consecutively arranged. This information is optional.

“VU Information” (FIGS. 22 and 22)
Information on each VU in the EUS is managed as shown in FIG. 25 (a) or FIG. 25 (b). FIG. 25A shows a case where the position information of the video frame managed in the VU is only the start address or the end address.
FIG. 5B similarly shows a case where the position information is a start address and an end address.

The “RLBN of VU” is the “VU Informatio”
"n" represents the start address of the VU managed on the disk. The address here is the number of relative logical blocks from the head of EUS. "RLBN of VU" must be recorded in Uint24 format. "VU Status" is the "VU
The state of the VU managed by “Information” is managed as shown in FIG.

“PR Existence” (Bit 0) (FIG. 26)
If there is additional recording data corresponding to the VU managed by this “VU Information”, ONE is recorded, and if not, ZERO is recorded. ZERO if there is no PRU in the EU
Must be recorded. When additional recording is performed only in EU units, the above-mentioned “EU Status” (Fig. 2
Use “PR Exsistence” in 4) and do not need to use this field.

“Closed GOP” (Bit 1) (FIG. 26)
It manages whether the first GOP in U is a closed GOP. ONE if the GOP is a closed GOP,
If not, record ZERO. If it is not a closed GOP, the first few frames of the GOP
If there is no OP information, decoding may not be possible.

"Number of IP Pictures" (FIG. 25)
Records the number of pieces of position information of the I picture and the P picture in the video data to be managed by the “VU Information” in the Uint8 format.

“End RLBN of IP Pictures” (FIG. 25)
(A)) manages the end address on the disc including the I picture and the P picture in the VU managed by the “VU Information”. The address here is the number of relative logical blocks from the head of the VU.

The first entry must store address information on the first I picture in the VU. For the second and subsequent addresses, the address information relating to the I picture or the P picture is stored in the Uint16 format.
However, when a semiconductor memory with a high access speed is used as the recording medium or when the access performance of the disk device is extremely high, not only the end address but also the start address is given as the position information of the reference picture. In this case, change the field name of this item to "RL
BN of IP Pictures ", and the start address and the end address are each continuously recorded in Uint16 format.

Further, not only the address of the reference picture alone but also the position information of all video frames may be managed. The position information in this case is the start recording position of each video frame on the disc. The data amount or end address of each frame can be obtained simply from the difference from the start address of the next frame.

The above is the management information of “Address LUT” (FIGS. 5 and 21). Next, a specific use of the management information will be described with reference to FIGS.

First, a method of calculating the start address of the VU including the target frame will be described. When it is desired to start reproduction from a frame corresponding to an arbitrary PT in the EUS, the start position on the disc of the VU including the frame is calculated by “Address LUT”. The basic processing procedure at that time is as follows. Regarding the situation, FIG. 27A shows a case where there is no “EU Header”, and FIG.
FIG. 27B shows the case where there is a "Header".

(1). "Start PT" corresponding to the first display frame in the EUS from the target PT (Figs. 5 and 2)
7) is subtracted to obtain a relative PT (RPT) as shown in the following equation. RPT = PT-Start PT

As described above, the information of the starting point and the ending point used for selecting an arbitrary point from each user program is an absolute PT added to the stream or a corresponding absolute PT. By subtracting “Start PT” from, the relative time information from the beginning of the EUS can be obtained. Here, having the absolute time information in the user program means that, for example, even if the front of the EUS is deleted, if the “Start PT” in the “EUS Information” (FIG. 5) is changed, It is not necessary to update the start point and end point information, which are the reference information of all the user programs that refer to the EUS, which means that the processing is reduced.

(2). Next, the relative PT (RPT) obtained as shown in the following equation is divided by the set presentation time of each VU in the EUS (“PB Time of VU” (FIG. 20, 27)), and the frame whose reproduction is to be started is included. VU information "VU Information
Number ”(FIG. 21). In FIG. 27A, VU info
$ 5 is shown. Note that ip (n) is a function that returns the largest integer equal to or less than n. VU Info Num = ip (RPT / PB Time of VU)

(3). Search for "VU Information Numbe"
r ", No. 5 in FIG. 27, and the start address of the VU containing the target frame is obtained as the relative logical block number RLBN of VU 'from the start of EUS (FIGS. 21, 25, 25).
27). RLBN of VU (n) is the nth VU Information
RLBN of VU. RLBN of VU '= RLBN of VU (VU Info Num)

As described above, the start address of the VU including the target frame can be obtained by simple calculation of “Address LUT” without performing processing such as search.

Next, a method of calculating the head address of the EU including the target frame will be described with reference to FIG. The basic calculation procedure of the EU start address including the target frame is as follows. If EU
In the case where header information for managing the EU is defined at the head of the EU, the head of the EU means the start position of the “EU Header” on the disc. FIG. 28A shows a case where there is no “EU Header”, and FIG. 28 shows a case where there is “EU Header”.
(B) shows each.

(1). The “Start PT” (FIG. 5) corresponding to the first display frame in the EUS is subtracted from the target PT to obtain a relative PT (RPT). RPT = PT-Start PT

(2). (1) The obtained relative PT (RPT) is converted to the set presentation time (“PB Time of EU”) of each EU in the EU.
(FIGS. 22, 28)) to obtain the EU "EU Information Number" containing the frame whose reproduction is to be started.
FIG. 28 shows EU # 1. Note that ip (n) is a function that returns the largest integer equal to or less than n. EU Info Num = ip (RPT / PB Time of EU)

(3). "EU Informati" searched in (2)
From the “On Number”, the start address of the EU including the target frame is the relative logical block number RL from the start of the EU.
BN of EU '(FIG. 21). RLBN of EU '= RLBN of EU (EU Info Num)

In the same manner as when the start address of the VU is obtained,
The head address of the EU including the target frame can be simply obtained by calculation as “Address LUT” without performing processing such as search.

Further, a method of calculating the start address of the PRU in the EU including the target frame will be described.
The basic calculation procedure of the start address of the PRU in the EU including the target frame is as follows, and in the case where there is no “EU Header”, FIG.
FIG. 29B shows a case where “EU Header” is present. The head of the PRU is a location that needs to be accessed when additional recording data corresponding to the target frame exists.

(1). "Start PT" corresponding to the first display frame in the EUS from the target PT (Figs. 5 and 2)
9) is subtracted to obtain the relative PT (RPT). RPT = PT-Start PT

(2). Relative PT (RPT) is set to the presentation time of each EU in the EUS (“PB Time of EU”
9)) divided by E) containing the frame to start playback
Get "EUInformation Number" of U. In FIG. 29, the EU
♯1 is shown. Note that ip (n) is a function that returns the largest integer equal to or less than n. EU Info Num = ip (RPT / PB Time of EU)

(3). Searched "EU Information Numbe"
r ”, the start address of the EU containing the target frame is the relative logical block number RLBN of E from the start of the EUS.
U ′ (FIG. 21). RLBN of EU '= RLBN of EU (EU Info Num)

(4). Start address RLBN o of the target EU
f By adding the value of “PRU Position” in “EU Status” (FIG. 24) to EU ′ (FIG. 29), the EU of the target PRU is obtained.
The relative logical block number RLBN of PRU from the beginning of S is obtained. RLBN of PRU = RLBN of EU '+ PRU Position

In the same manner as when the start address of the VU is obtained,
P to be reproduced in synchronization with the VU containing the target frame
The start address of the RU can be simply obtained by calculating “Address LUT” without performing processing such as search.

Next, in the above-described MPEG stream, the head address of the VU is obtained, and then the EU and PRU
The first embodiment of the method for managing a recording medium according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
This will be described with reference to FIG.

First, the arrangement of PRUs will be described. M
If a PRU is reserved in the PEG stream, the user may have performed additional recording. If P
If an RU exists, whether or not the PRU is used is confirmed using “PR Existence” in “VU Status” (FIG. 32). If the additional recording data exists and the additional recording data is to be reproduced, the additional recording data must be read in advance before accessing the target VU. As described above, by using the “PR Existence” information, it is possible to know in advance whether or not additional recording has been performed.
There is no need to access the RU, and extra disk access can be reduced.

As shown in FIGS. 30 and 31, there are two types of arrangement of PRUs according to the arrangement on the disk. This happens to be an EU due to the restriction that the PRU must be aligned at the ECC boundary.
Is the ECC boundary, as shown in FIG.
PRUs are arranged from the head of the EU. However, if it is not an ECC boundary, as shown in FIG. 30 (a), the EUC is sequentially viewed from the head, and the first ECC boundary that appears is the start position of the PRU. A part of the first VU in the EU is arranged from the head of the EU to the boundary of the ECC, that is, to the start position of the PRU.

When the EU header is defined at the beginning of the EU, the EUR happens to be restricted due to the restriction that the PRU must be aligned at the ECC boundary.
31B is the ECC boundary immediately after “Header”.
, The PRU is arranged immediately after the “EU Header”. However, if it is not the ECC boundary, FIG.
And look in order from right after "EU Header"
The first ECC boundary that appears is the start position of the PRU.
From immediately after the "EU Header" to the start of the PRU, E
A part of the first VU in U is arranged.

[0228] "PRU Pos" in "VU Status" shown in FIG.
In “ition”, the distance from the head of the EU to the start position of the PRU is recorded. Here, the distance means the number of logical blocks, and is at most 16 logical blocks apart.

FIG. 32 shows the contents of "Address LUT" (FIG. 5). The definition of the management information in FIG. 32 will be sequentially described below. Details of FIG. 32 are shown in FIGS. 33 to 37. In the figure, "Address Offset"
Stores the offset value of the relative logical block number (RLBN) managed by the “Address LUT” in the Uint32 format. If an arbitrary number of EUs have been deleted from the beginning of the EUS, the number of deleted logical blocks is stored in this field. Therefore, when referencing the relative logical block number (RLBN) handled in the “Address LUT”, the “Address Offset” must be subtracted from the value to refer to it. Also, the initial value must always be 0.

The “PB Time of EU” is the “Address LU”
T "indicates the setting presentation time of each EU in the EUS managed by" T ". The setting presentation time is a reproduction time of video data in one EU, and takes a fixed value in the same EUS. EU
This is not the case for the last EU in S. “PB Time of EU” must be recorded in PT Format. “PB Time of EU” here is
PTS of adjacent video frame in MPEG stream
Difference, that is, the PTS equivalent to the presentation time per sheet
Must be a multiple of the one converted to PT Format.

“PB Time of VU” is the “Address LU”
T "indicates the set presentation time of each VU in the EUS managed by" T ". The setting presentation time is a playback time of video data in one VU, and takes a fixed value in the same EUS.
This is not always the case for the last VU in S. “PB Time of VU” must be recorded in PT Format. “PB Time of VU” here is
PTS of adjacent video frame in MPEG stream
Difference, that is, the PTS equivalent to the presentation time per sheet
Must be a multiple of the one converted to PT Format.

[0232] "Number of VU Information" records the number of VUs present in the EUS managed by the "Address LUT" in the Uint32 format.

[0233] "VU Information" indicates each VU in the EUS.
Information is managed as shown in FIG. 34 (a) or FIG. 34 (b). FIG. 34A shows a case where the position information of the video frame managed in this VU is only the start address or the end address, and FIG. 34B similarly shows the case where the position information is the start address and the end address. Shows the case.

The “RLBN of VU” (FIG. 34)
nformation "indicates the start address of the VU managed on the disk. The address here is the number of relative logical blocks from the head of EUS. RLBN of VU must be recorded in Uint24 format.

The “VU Status” (FIG. 34) is the “VU In”
The state of the VU managed by “formation” is managed as shown in FIG. 35 (a) or FIG. 35 (b). FIG. 35
(A) shows a case where "Non Contiguous Point" information is defined, and FIG. 35 (b) shows a case where "Non Contiguous Point" information is not defined.

“PRU Position” (Bits 0 to 4) (FIG. 35)
Records the information on the position of the PRU in the EU including the VU in the “PRU Position”. "PRU Positio
In “n”, the start position of the PRU in the EU is represented by a distance (LBN number) from the head of the EU. If the PRU is arranged from the head of the EU, 0, otherwise,
The distance from the head of the EU is recorded in the range of 1 to 15 logical blocks. If no PRU exists in the EU, 0 must always be recorded.

“PR Existence” (Bit 5) (FIG. 35)
If there is additional recording data corresponding to the VU managed by this “VU Information”, ONE is recorded, and if not, ZERO is recorded. ZERO if there is no PRU in the EU
Must be recorded.

The “Closed GOP” (Bit 6) (FIG. 35)
It manages whether the first GOP in U is a closed GOP. If the GOP is a closed GOP, record ONE, otherwise record ZERO. If it is not a closed GOP, the video of the first few frames of the GOP may not be able to be decoded without the information of the previous GOP.

"Non Contigous Point" (Bit 7) (FIG. 3)
5 (b)) is “VU Information” (FIGS. 32 to 3).
It manages whether the EU including the VU managed by 4) is logically and continuously arranged on the disk with the immediately preceding EU. ZERO is recorded if they are arranged consecutively, and ONE is recorded if they are not consecutively arranged.

“Number of IP Pictures” (FIGS. 32, 3
4) Uint indicates the number of pieces of position information of I-pictures and P-pictures in the video data to be managed by "VU Information".
Record in 8 formats.

“End RLBN of IP Pictures” (FIG. 34)
(A)) manages the end address on the disc including the I picture and the P picture in the VU managed by the “VU Information”. The address here is the number of relative logical blocks from the head of the VU.

The first entry is the first I in the VU.
Address information about the picture must be stored. For the second and subsequent addresses, the address information relating to the I picture or the P picture is stored in the Uint16 format. However, when a semiconductor memory with a high access speed is used as the recording medium or when the access performance of the disk device is extremely high, not only the end address but also the start address is given as the position information of the reference picture. In this case, change the field name of this item to "RLBN
of IP Pictures ”, and the start address and the end address are continuously recorded in the Uint16 format.

Further, not only the address of the reference picture alone but also the position information of all video frames may be managed. The position information in this case is the start recording position of each video frame on the disc. The data amount or end address of each frame can be obtained simply from the difference from the start address of the next frame. The above is "Addres
s LUT ”management information.

Next, specific usage of these management information will be described with reference to FIGS. 36 to 39. First, a method of calculating the start address of the VU including the target frame will be described with reference to FIG. EUS
When playback from a frame corresponding to an arbitrary PT is desired, the start position of the VU including the frame on the disc is calculated by “Address LUT”. The basic processing procedure at that time is as follows. FIG. 36 (a) shows a case where there is no “EU Header”.
FIG. 36B shows the case where there is an “EU Header”.

(1). “StartPT” corresponding to the first display frame in the EUS from the target PT (Fig. 5, 3
6) is subtracted to obtain a relative PT (RPT). RPT = PT-Start PT

As described above, the information of the start point and the end point used to select an arbitrary point from each user program is an absolute PT added to the stream or a corresponding absolute PT. By subtracting “Start PT” from, the relative time information from the beginning of the EUS can be obtained. Here, having the absolute time information in the user program means that, for example, even if the front of the EUS is deleted, if the “Start PT” in the “EUS Information” (FIG. 5) is changed, It is not necessary to update the start point and end point information, which are the reference information of all the user programs that refer to the EUS, which means that the processing is reduced.

(2). Relative PT (RPT) for each V in EUS
U setting presentation time ("PB Time of VU" (Fig. 32, 3
3) Divide by) and include the V that contains the frame you want to start playing
The “VU Information” number of U (FIG. 32) is obtained. FIG.
Shows VU # 5. Note that ip (n) is a function that returns the largest integer equal to or less than n. VU Info Num = ip (RPT / PB Time of VU)

(3). Search for "VU Information Numbe"
r ”, the start address of the VU including the target frame is the relative logical block number RLBN of V from the start of EUS.
U ′ (FIGS. 32 and 36). RLBN of VU
(n) means the value of “RLBN of VU” of the n-th “VU Information”. RLBN of VU '= RLBN of VU (VU Info Num)

As described above, the head address of the VU including the target frame can be obtained by simple calculation of “Address LUT” without performing processing such as search.

Next, a method of calculating the start address of the EU including the target frame will be described. The basic calculation procedure of the EU start address including the target frame is as follows. If "EU Header" is defined at the head of the EU, the head of the EU is "EU Header"
Means the starting position on the disc.

(1). “StartPT” corresponding to the first display frame in the EUS is subtracted from the target PT, and a relative PT (RPT) is calculated. RPT = PT-Start PT

(2). Relative PT (RPT) is calculated for each E in EUS
By dividing by the set presentation time of U (“PB Time of EU”), the EU number of the EU including the frame whose reproduction is to be started is obtained. Note that ip (n) is a function that returns the largest integer equal to or less than n. EU Number = ip (RPT / PB Time of EU)

(3). Set presentation time of each EU ("PB Time
of EU ”) to the set presentation time of each VU (“ PB Time of V
U ”) to obtain the number of VUs included in one EU. VU per EU = PB Time of EU / PB Time of VU

(4). By multiplying the EU number of the EU containing the frame whose reproduction is to be started by the number of VUs contained in one EU, "VU Information" of the first VU in the EU is obtained.
Number ”is obtained. VU Info Num = EU Number * VU per EU

(5a). The first "VU Infor" in the target EU
When the "PRU Position" (FIG. 35) in the "VU Status" managed by "mation" (FIGS. 32 and 34) is other than 0, FIG.
As shown in (a), the VU in the “VU Information”
Is the relative number of logical blocks RLBN of EU from the top of the EU of the target EU. RLBN of EU = RLBN of VU (VU Info Num)

(5b). "EU Header" is defined at the beginning of the EU, and "VU Informatio" at the beginning of the target EU is defined.
"PR" in "VU Status" managed by "n" (Figs. 32 and 34)
When "U Position" (FIG. 35) is other than 0, FIG. 37 (b)
As shown in the figure, the size (2) of the “EU Header” from the start address (RLBN of VU) of the VU in the “VU Information”
By subtracting (KB), the relative logical block number RLBN of EU from the head of the EU of the target EU is obtained. RLBN of EU = RLBN of VU (VU Info Num) − EU Header
Size

(5c). The first "VU Infor" in the target EU
PRU Positio in “VU Status” managed by “mation”
When “n” is 0, as shown in FIG.
Address of VU in "Information" (RLBN of VU)
By subtracting the size of the PRU from, the relative number of logical blocks RLBN of EU from the head of the EU of the target EU is obtained. RLBN of EU = RLBN of VU (VU Info Num)-PRU Size

(5d). The first "VU Infor" in the target EU
PRU Positio in “VU Status” managed by “mation”
When "n" is 0, as shown in FIG.
Address of VU in "Information" (RLBN of VU)
By subtracting the size of the PRU and the size (2 KB) of the “EU Header” from, the relative number of logical blocks RLBN of EU from the head of the EU of the target EU can be obtained. RLBN of EU = RLBN of VU (VU Info Num)-PRU Size
−EU Header Size

As described above, in the same manner as when the start address of the VU is obtained, the start address of the EU including the target frame can be obtained by performing “Address”
It can be obtained simply by "LUT" and calculation.

Further, a description will be given of a method of calculating the start address of the PRU in the EU including the target frame.
The basic calculation procedure of the start address of the PRU in the EU in which the target frame is included is as follows. Regarding the situation, the case where there is no “EU Header” is shown in FIG.
FIG. 39B shows the case where the “EU Header” is present. The head of the PRU is a location that needs to be accessed when additional recording data corresponding to the target frame exists.

(1). The start address RLBN of EU of the target EU is obtained in the same manner as in the calculation of the start address of the EU including the target frame.

(2). Start address RLBN of the target EU
"PR" to be managed by the first "VU Information" in the EU
By adding the value of “U Position” and the size (2 KB) of “EU Header”, the relative number of logical blocks RLBN of PRU from the top of the EUS of the target PRU can be obtained. RLBN of PRU = RLBN of EU + EU Header Size + PRU
Position

As described above, in the same manner as when the start address of the VU is obtained, the start address of the PRU to be reproduced in synchronization with the VU including the target frame can be determined by the “Address” without performing processing such as search. It can be obtained simply by "LUT" and calculation.

In the above-described first to third embodiments of the present invention, since the address information obtained from the “Address LUT” is a relative address system, it is necessary to convert the address information into a logical address system of the disk in order to access the disk. There is. Therefore, a method of calculating a logical address on a disk from a relative address will be described.

As described above, the EUS is managed as a file using the logical file system. An E
Even if the US is divided and recorded on the disk, all the division information is absorbed at the logical file system level. Therefore, as shown in FIG.
As an “s LUT”, there is no need to be conscious of division at all.

Most of the address expressions in the “Address LUT” are relative address expressions based on the start of the EUS, and even if the EUS is recorded in the “Address LUT” even if the EUS is recorded separately on the disc. Management is performed as if they are continuously arranged.

The access length (the number of logical blocks) specified when accessing the disk can be obtained by calculation. For example, the size of one EU or VU is simply
Can be obtained from the difference from the start address of

It is necessary to change the relative address system based on the start of the EUS in the “Address LUT” when the start of the EUS is deleted. Specifically, "Address
The number of deleted logical blocks is subtracted from all relative address information based on the start of EUS in the LUT, and “Addr
ess LUT "must be updated.

In order to save the trouble of updating all the addresses in the management information, when an arbitrary number of EUs ahead of the EUS are deleted, “Ad” that stores the number of deleted logical blocks is stored.
Dress Offset "values (FIGS. 11, 21, 38). For example, as shown in FIG. 41, when EU # 0 is deleted, by using this “Address Offset”, “Address Offset” is used.
LUT ", RLBN of VU," RLBN of PRU ", RLBN of EU
Need not be updated (see FIGS. 11, 21, 3).
8). In other words, "A"
By subtracting the value of "ddress Offset", a correct value can be obtained. Therefore, V from the beginning of EUS
The relative address of U can be finally obtained by the following equation. RLBN of VU '= RLBN of VU-Address Offset

To obtain a logical block address on a disk, it is necessary to refer to information from a logical format. That is, it is necessary to add the EUS start address and the division information obtained from the management information of the logical format to the address information finally obtained from “Address LUT”.

Next, a method of reproducing from the target frame will be described. Here, a description will be given of a reproduction method when a target frame is specified and reproduction is to be started from the video frame. As described above, an arbitrary portion of the EUS is selected according to each scene of the user program.

For selection, refer to “EUS Informat”
ion "and the E managed by the" EUS Information "
A start point and an end point in the US are designated by time information in PT format. PT of video frame specified as start point
As described above, the V including the specified frame
Find the start address of U. This address is the starting point on the disk to be accessed.

Then, the actual disk access is controlled by integrating the address information of all VUs to be accessed and the information obtained from the logical file system. By repeating this process up to the VU including the video frame specified by the end PT, it becomes possible to read data to be reproduced from the disc.

Actually, the video frame whose reproduction is to be started is not always the first frame of the VU, but as described above, the video is passed to the decoder from the first reference picture of the VU due to the characteristics of MPEG. .

Therefore, it is necessary to perform display from the time when the designated start PT matches the PTS of the decoded frame among the data passed from the head of the VU to the decoder and decoded. The same applies to the end point,
It is necessary to control not to display the video frame after the end PT in the last VU.

[0276] Further, a special reproduction method using an arbitrary reference picture will be described. "Address LUT"
Provides an end address including an I picture and a P picture in the VU in addition to the start address of the VU.
As shown in FIG. 42, the address here is the number of relative logical blocks from the head of the VU.

The end addresses of the I picture and the P picture are information necessary for performing special reproduction using only the I picture and the P picture. The reason for not giving the information on the start address of each picture is that, in order to decode each P picture, there must be a previous I picture or P picture, so even if it is desired to play back from an arbitrary P picture, This is because the reference picture cannot be decoded unless it is read from the disk.

At this time, rather than selectively reading only a reference picture portion such as each I picture or P picture (a seek occurs each time a selection is made),
The target P picture is read continuously from the beginning of the VU to the end of the target P picture, and compared with other I pictures and P pictures,
This is because it is faster to discard unnecessary B pictures having a small data amount.

[0279] Each end address is a special reproduction using only I picture and P picture.
This is information for obtaining the amount of data to be continuously read from the disk in advance, such as when it is desired to display frames and move to the next VU. However, if a semiconductor memory with a high access speed is used as a recording medium, or if the access performance of the disk device is high and sufficient performance can be obtained even when each reference picture is selectively read, the position information of the reference picture is terminated. Not only the address but also the start address is given.

By giving the start address and end address of each reference picture as position information,
Only those reference picture portions can be selectively read from the recording medium. Further, not only the address of the reference picture alone but also the position information of all video frames may be managed.

The position information in this case manages the start recording position of each video frame on the disc. The data amount or end address of each frame can be obtained simply from the difference from the start address of the next frame.

As information to be referred to when actually accessing by a user program or the like, “Closed GOP” and “Non Contig” in “VU Status” (FIGS. 11, 21 and 32) are used.
continualPoint "information is provided. "Closed GOP"
Is information managing whether the first GOP in the VU is a closed GOP. Normally, a video frame in a GOP is generated using only the data of the video frame in the GOP. However, in the MPEG standard, encoding is performed using information of the video frame included in the immediately preceding GOP. Is allowed.

[0283] The fact that a GOP is a closed GOP means that all frames in the GOP have been encoded using only data in the GOP. Conversely, not being a closed GOP means that some frames of the GOP of interest are
It means that it is encoded using the information in P.

First GO of VU to be accessed from now on
If P is not a closed GOP, it means that the video of the first few frames of the GOP cannot be decoded and cannot be correctly reproduced. By providing this information in advance, it is possible to prevent that the video cannot be correctly reproduced. For example, in the case of a non-closed GOP, it is possible to access from the immediately preceding VU and reproduce the video correctly.

[0285] The "Non Contiguous Point" information is information indicating whether the current EU is logically arranged on the disk with the immediately preceding EU. Since a disk has excellent random access properties, data is not always continuously arranged on the disk even for a series of information.

[0286] Since the EUS is continuously arranged on the disc in EU units, "Non Contiguo" which is information indicating whether or not the EU of interest is continuously arranged with the previous EU.
Prepare "us Point" information.

As described above, the address handled in the “Address LUT” is mainly a relative address from the head of the EUS, and it is not known from the start address of the EU alone whether or not the disk is divided on the disk. For example, in order to check whether or not the
It can be calculated by adding the management information of “s LUT” and the management information of the logical format.

As an actual process, based on the EUS division information obtained from the logical file system, the division point when viewed relatively from the beginning of the EUS is grasped. This E
The relative break from the top of the US and the "Address LU
By comparing the relative address from the head of EUS obtained by “T”, the head address of the corresponding EU can be grasped as a breaking point.

As described above, it is troublesome to check whether or not the data to be reproduced is arranged discontinuously on the disc. Therefore, "Non Contiguous P
With the use of the "oint" information, it is possible to easily grasp the dividing point without referring to the information of the logical file system.

Knowing the arrangement information of the data to be reproduced on the disk in advance is not only information for accessing, but also, for example, controlling data reading from the disk to realize seamless reproduction. Can also be used.

The fact that the data to be read on the disk is divided and arranged means that a seek occurs at the division point. The occurrence of seek means that data cannot be read during the seek period.

In order to prevent the reproduction screen from being interrupted even when such a seek occurs, a shock proof memory for temporarily storing data read from the disk is prepared. The shockproof memory does not interrupt the playback screen even if a certain level of seek occurs. Would. Therefore, by knowing in advance the occurrence of seek, which is one of the causes of stopping the flow of data into the shock proof memory, it is possible to perform control so that seamless reproduction can be performed. For example,
If it is known in advance that there is a possibility that the playback screen may be interrupted at the dividing point, it is conceivable to put that portion in a memory with a high access speed in advance.

As described above, by using the “Non Contiguous Point” information, the arrangement status of each EU on the disk can be easily grasped without using the information of the logical file system, and the access can now be performed. This is useful as information for controlling reading of data to be performed.

Next, the calculation of the reproduction rate will be described. By using the “Address LUT” in the present invention, the reproduction rate of the video data can be calculated in advance without reading the video data from the disk.

[0295] The reproduction rate can be calculated with the accuracy of the presentation time interval of the EU or VU. First, the EU
A method for calculating the reproduction rate in units will be described.

By referring to “Address LUT”,
As described above, the start address of the EU can be obtained. As described above, the address managed by the “Address LUT” is the same E-address from the beginning of the EUS.
Even though the US is divided and recorded on the disk, it is managed by the relative number of logical blocks that are continuously arranged. So, for example, EU
Is subtracted from the start address of the next EU, so that the size of the EU currently focused on can be determined.

As described above, the EU is composed of only the VU and the PRU or VU. VU is a management unit in which VU Header, original audio data, and video data are multiplexed. The PRU is an audio data area for additional recording that is reproduced in synchronization with video data in the EU. Here, since the original audio data and the audio data for additional recording employ a fixed rate, for example, the size of these areas is uniquely determined from the presentation time of one EU.

Therefore, from the size of EU data of interest, if there is a PRU, the amount of PRU data (can also be obtained from the management information of "EUS Information")
And the amount of original audio data and "EU H
By subtracting the size of the fixed-length management information such as "eader" or "VU Header", the data amount of the video data included in the EU can be grasped.

If the amount of video data contained in one EU is known, the reproduction rate of the video data of the EU of interest can be calculated by dividing by the presentation time of one EU.

Next, a method of calculating the reproduction rate in VU units will be described. By referring to the “Address LUT”, it is possible to obtain the start address of the VU as described above.

As described above, even if the same EUS is divided and recorded on the disk from the beginning of the EUS, the address managed by “Address LUT”
It is managed by the relative number of logical blocks that are arranged continuously.

Therefore, for example, by subtracting the head address of the currently focused VU from the head address of the next VU, the size of the focused VU can be determined. However, as for the first VU in the EU, the PRU is arranged at the beginning or in the middle of this VU,
V is simply determined by the relationship with the start address of the previous and next VUs.
The data amount of U cannot be calculated.

As described above, the VU is a management unit in which the “VU Header”, original audio data, and video data are multiplexed. The original audio data is
Due to the fixed rate, for example, one VU
The size of this area is uniquely determined from the presentation time of

Therefore, based on the size of the VU data of interest, the data amount of the original audio data and
By subtracting the size of the fixed-length management information such as “VU Header”, the data amount of the video data included in the VU can be grasped. However, when referring to the start address of the first VU in the EU, the data amount of the PRU needs to be taken into consideration.

If the amount of video data contained in one VU is known, the reproduction rate of the video data of the VU of interest can be calculated by dividing by the presentation time of one VU.

The EU or VU calculated as described above
The unit video data reproduction rate can be displayed on a reproduction screen such as a monitor in real time as information for the user without preparing special hardware or the like. Also, the M recorded on the disc
Since the playback rate of the video data to be played back can be grasped in advance without reading out the PEG data, it can be used, for example, for the above-described seamless playback control.

The playback rate in VU or EU units is VU
Alternatively, the information indicates the amount of data to be read from the disc in order to reproduce the EU presentation time data. Therefore,
It becomes possible to know in advance how the data is read into the shock proof memory together with the reproduction time. For example, when the reproduction rate is low, the amount of data on the disk corresponding to the same reproduction time is small, so that there is a margin for reading data from the disk. On the other hand, when the reproduction rate is high, the amount of data on the disk corresponding to the same reproduction time is large, so that there is less room for reading data from the disk.

As described above, if the reproduction rate of the data to be reproduced can be grasped in advance, the state of the shock proof memory can be grasped in advance. That is, since the state of the shock proof memory and the section where the disk access has a margin and the section where the disk access has no margin can be grasped in advance, for example, in the section where the disk access has a margin, the above-mentioned “Non Contiguous” is used.
It can be used for disk access control scheduling, for example, by assigning a point where seamless playback using the “Point” information may fail to semiconductor memory.

Next, a method of generating management information will be described. Here, an example of a method of generating management information of “Address LUT” will be described. FIG. 43 shows an outline of a system configuration in the present embodiment. In the figure, MPE
The G encoder / decoder 1 encodes and decodes MPEG data, and the AV system unit 2 records the M
The PEG data and the audio data are multiplexed to form a stream for recording on a disc, or header information is added. At the time of reproduction, the stream is read from the stream read from the disc 7. This is a part that extracts video and audio data and passes them to the MPEG decoder.

[0310] The shock proof memory 3 is a part for temporarily storing a stream and performing processing such as ECC processing and sector codec. By temporarily storing data in the shock proof memory 3, it is possible to prevent trouble even when data cannot be actually read or written because the disk drive is seeking. There is also a role to prevent.

[0311] The disk control section 4 is a section for controlling servo and controlling disk access. The host microcomputer 5 is a part that controls the entire system,
Control is performed by sending or receiving a control signal to each processing unit.

[0312] When the MPEG data is recorded as EUS, a new "Address LUT" is generated. First, video data to be recorded is encoded by an MPEG encoder. Similarly, Audio data is simultaneously encoded by the Audio encoder.
The encoded data is sent to the AV system unit 2, the data is multiplexed into the MPEG stream format as described above, and header information and the like are added. In the AV system unit 2, multiplexing and addition of a header are performed.
The AV system unit 2 knows the position information such as the head of the VU and the reference picture in the VU.

[0313] These management information related to the position information includes AV information.
The data is transferred from the system unit 2 to the host microcomputer 5 which controls the entire processing, and is sequentially stored. The stream multiplexed by the AV system unit 2 is once stored in the shock proof memory 3, and transmitted to the signal processing unit 6.
CC processing, sector codec, and the like are performed, and preparation for recording on the disk 7 is performed.

The data ready for recording is recorded at a certain timing at an address on the disk 7 designated by the host microcomputer 5 via the disk control unit 4.
As described above, the host microcomputer 5 grasps the head of the VU, the reference picture in the VU, and the position information of the PRU, and creates information for constructing the “Address LUT” based on the information. .

[0315] The "Non Contiguous Point" information is generated in consideration of the information in the grasped stream and the address when the stream data is actually recorded on the disc. Information related to additional records, Closed
The information on whether or not it is a GOP is information that is determined in advance on the host side, so the setting value on the host is
s LUT ”is recorded as management information.

Next, the disk device will be described. As described above, “Addr” is generated every time EUS is recorded.
The “ess LUT” must be recorded on the recording medium at a certain timing. The management information can be recorded in various places on the recording medium.

As shown in FIG. 44, by writing the management information in a predetermined management information area of the recording medium, the data area and the management information area can be separated, so that, for example, a plurality of EUSs can be continuously accessed. If the management information is collectively recorded at the time of performing, the data can be efficiently read from the disk in a short time.

Also, such management information is likely to be updated frequently, and if it is scattered on the disk,
It takes time to access the disk, which leads to a decrease in the response of the system. In addition, since a management information file is not created in the data area, there is an advantage that the possibility of continuous arrangement of data in the data area increases.

As shown in FIG. 45, by writing the management information immediately before the EUS stream recorded in the data area on the recording medium, the
Is located near the actual data. For example, when the EUS is copied to another recording medium connected by a network or the like, the EUS entity is file-managed by the logical file system. Complete with file copy. Accordingly, "Addres
If management information for accessing an arbitrary frame in the EUS such as “s LUT” is also arranged adjacently, the management information can be easily copied. Also, EU
Since the management information is distributed on the disk for each S, the risk of damage due to the loss of the management information can be distributed as compared with the case where the management information is recorded in one place.

Further, as shown in FIG. 46, the management information is
By multiplexing and recording the EUS stream recorded in the data area in the recording medium, for example, when the management area has the same information in the management area and the management information Even in the case of disappearance due to an accident, the management information multiplexed in the stream makes it possible to recover the management information, and there is an advantage that the security is improved.

FIG. 46 shows a case where management information is embedded in a header of an EU multiplexed during a storm.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 47, the management information does not need to be recorded on the recording medium itself on which the actual data is recorded. For example, the nonvolatile semiconductor memory existing in the disk device for reproducing the recording medium Alternatively, the data may be recorded on a recording medium other than the recording medium on which the actual data is recorded.

For example, it is conceivable that actual data is recorded on a removable disk and management information is recorded on a semiconductor memory or a hard disk in the disk device.
In a removable disk, if a non-volatile semiconductor memory is provided in the cartridge separately from the disk, management information may be recorded in the semiconductor memory. In such a case, there is an advantage that the response of the system is improved because management information for performing frequent reading and writing is stored in the semiconductor memory having a high access speed.

As described above, the management information can be recorded in various places, and each has advantages in different aspects. Naturally, it is possible to record not only at one place but also at a plurality of places. For example, if a method of embedding management information in a predetermined management area and the stream itself is used in combination, the management information recorded in the predetermined management area is normally used and the management information is lost by any chance. In this case, it is possible to reconstruct the lost management information based on the management information embedded in the stream.

[Second Embodiment] The embodiment in which the PRU, which is a data area for after-recording, is included in the MPEG stream has been described. From here on, the data area for after-recording is used. M for PRU dubbing
An embodiment relating to “Address LUT” in the case where the post-record data is recorded in a file different from the PEG stream, that is, in another area will be described. The abbreviations described above are used similarly.

First, the configuration of an MPEG stream in this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 48, the EUS is composed of one or more EUs, and is a unit corresponding to recording start to recording stop or recording pause. In addition, MPEG data managed by one EUS includes:
Continuous time stamps must always be added. EU is the minimum unit in destructive editing. Destructive editing means editing involving movement or deletion on the disk, and the minimum unit of destructive editing means that movement or deletion on the disk can be performed only in EU units. If several EUs in the middle of one EUS are deleted by destructive editing, discontinuity occurs in the time stamp of the MPEG stream, so it is necessary to split the EUS.

The EU is composed of one or more VUs, and must be continuously recorded on the disk. EU
The number of VUs included in a file is determined by the unit of additional recording (after-recording), and the conditions for real-time post-recording while recording post-recording data while reproducing post-recording video data, such as the data reproduction rate and mechanical performance Depends on

The VU is a unit in which the “VU Header”, video data of 1 GOP or more, and corresponding audio data are put together. The presentation time of each EU and VU in the same EUS is fixed. The presentation time of a VU corresponds to the reproduction time of video data managed by one VU, and the presentation time of the EU means the reproduction time of video data managed by one EU.

The EUS is divided into fixed-length blocks of 2048 bytes. One block is stored in one logical block on the disk, and one block is composed of one packet in principle. The packet here is ISO / IEC1
This packet is recorded on the disc in accordance with the PES Packet specified in 3818-1.

In the figure, VU is VH BLK, A BLK, V BLK
Composed of VH BLK is a packet storing header information about VU, A BLK is an audio packet defined by ISO / IEC13818-3, and V BLK is an ISO / IEC13818-2
Each packet storing the video data specified by. EUS with the above configuration is
Is managed as one file.

On the other hand, in the stream configuration of FIG.
A continuous additional recording (Post Recording Sequence) PRS (hereinafter abbreviated as “PRS”) is composed of a plurality of PRUs, and one PRU is a container for recording post-record data corresponding to an EU in the EUS. PRU is PH
Consists of BLK, A BLK and P BLK. PH BLK is a packet that stores header information about the PRU, and A BLK is an ISO / IEC
Audio packet PBLK specified by 13818-3 is IS
Padding packets specified by O / IEC13818-1 are stored. The PRU is a data area for additional recording that is played back in synchronization with video data in the EU.
There must be an area in which data can be recorded corresponding to the presentation time of the video data. With the above configuration
PRS is managed as one file on the disk.

The PRS file in the initial state has a PRU of 1
Neither is recorded. In other words, in the process of dubbing in EU units, corresponding PRUs will be added to the PRS file sequentially. Therefore, the recording order of the PRUs in the PRS file is the order in which the dubbing was performed, and is not necessarily arranged in the same order as the order of the EUs in the EUS.

When performing special reproduction such as starting reproduction from an arbitrary frame or selecting and reproducing an arbitrary frame from a disk on which the above-described MPEG stream is recorded, as described above, Since the data amount of the MPEG data recorded on each frame is different, the recording position of an arbitrary frame on the disc cannot be obtained by calculation or the like. Therefore, "Address LUT" which is management information for accessing an arbitrary frame is required, and the content will be described below.

In the present embodiment, additional recording means post-recording in which only audio is recorded later on original data that has already been recorded. PRU means an area where additional recording data is recorded when performing this dubbing, and is a PRS which is a file different from the EUS file.
Recorded in the file.

Next, a description will be given of the situation where the “Address LUT” is used. In the MPEG data recorded by the user, a section from recording start to recording stop or temporary stop is defined as one EUS.

The actual MPEG data is recorded as a file in units of EUS, which is a video and original audio, using a logical file system that manages the arrangement information of the data on the disk by file name, and audio data for post-recording is used. Is a PRS file and is managed in a file different from EUS. This is shown in FIG. In this example, EUS # 0 is FDAV0000.EUS and EUS # 1 is FDAV0001.EUS
The PRS files (after-recording data files) corresponding to EUS # 0 and EUS # 1 are FDAV0000.PRS and FDAV, respectively.
It is managed by the logical file system with the file name 0001.PRS.

[0337] Management information called "EUS Information" for managing EUS data in EUS units is generated. Therefore, if the user has recorded a plurality of scenes corresponding to recording start to recording stop, “EUS Information”
Are generated in the same number.

FIG. 51 shows an example of “EUS Information”. “EUS Information” is information for managing EUS recorded on the disc, and as shown in FIG.
ID, size, title information, date and time the EUS was created and updated, text information, thumbnail information for managing the representative thumbnail of the EUS, and the logical file system. "Data File ID" and "PRS File ID" for specifying the MPEG stream data EUS and the post-recording data file PRS
"Data File Size" and "P" indicating the PRS data size
RS Data Size ”, EUS, video, audio, camera,
It has attribute information such as additional record, source, copyright, and still image.

[0339] Reference information indicating from which program the managed EUS is referenced is also prepared. As important management information, "Start P
T, End PT, Post Recording Unit Size, A
ddress LUT ".

The “Start PT” and “End PT” include the “EU”
A value which is added to the stream itself of the first and last display frames of the EUS data managed by "S Information" or a value obtained by converting a corresponding PTS value into a PT format is recorded. Since video data corresponding to continuous time stamps is always managed by one EUS, for example, "End PT"
By subtracting "Start PT" from, the total presentation time of the EUS can be calculated.

[Post Recording Unit Size] is PRU
Is information indicating the size of. Each PRU within the same PRS
Is constant in size. And "Address LUT"
This is management information that gives an arbitrary frame in the MPEG data recorded on the disc and the position of the corresponding post-record data to be accessed on the disc. in this way,
By "EUS Information", information on the EUS file and the PRS file recorded as files on the disc can be obtained.

When the MPEG data recorded by the user is reproduced in order from the beginning according to the recording order, the “Addres
It is possible to play without "s LUT". However, taking advantage of the random accessibility of the disc, for example,
If an arbitrary number of EUSs, which are original data at the time of recording, are selected and reproduced in an arbitrary order, information of “Address LUT” is required.

Next, in the above-described MPEG stream,
A method for calculating the start addresses of the PRU and VU by calculation will be described below. When playing an MPEG stream,
The user may be performing additional recording (after-recording). If there is a PRU corresponding to the EU, "PR Existe" in "PRU Status" or "VU Status" described later
nce ".

“PR Existence” in “PRU Status” of “PRU Information” is management information indicating whether or not a PRU corresponding to the EU exists in the PRS file.
“PR Existence” in “VU Status” of “Action” is management information for indicating whether or not additional record data corresponding to the VU being managed exists.

When additional recording data is present and the additional recording data is to be reproduced, the corresponding PRU (after-recording data) is read in advance before accessing the target EU, and is used to display video data in the EU. It is necessary to play the loaded PRU in synchronization with the video.

As described above, by using the “PR Existence” information, it is possible to know in advance whether a corresponding PRU is present in the PRS file and whether or not it is additionally recorded.

FIG. 52 shows an example of management information of “Address LUT”, and each definition will be described below in order.
The details of the management information in FIG. 52 are described in FIGS.
FIG. In FIG. 53, “Address Offset” stores the offset value of the relative logical block number (RLBN) managed by the “Address LUT” in the Uint32 format. EU
When an arbitrary number of EUs are deleted from the beginning of S, the number of deleted logical blocks is stored in this field.

Accordingly, the relative logical block number (RLBN of RLBN of the VU handled in the “Address LUT”) is managed.
VU), always refer to this "Address"
Offset "must be subtracted and referenced. Also, the initial value must always be 0.

“PB Time of EU” is the “Address LU”
Shows the set presentation time of each EU in the EUS managed by "T".
The setting presentation time is a playback time of video data in one EU, and takes a fixed value in the same EUS. The last in EUS
This is not the case in the EU.

[0350] Also, "PB Time of EU" must be recorded in PT Format. Here, "PB Time of E
"U" is the PTS of the adjacent video frame in the MPEG stream.
Difference, that is, the PTS equivalent to the presentation time per
Must be a multiple of the one converted to ormat.

The “PB Time of VU” is the “Address LU”
T "indicates the setting presentation time of each VU in the EUS managed by" T ".
The setting presentation time is a playback time of video data in one VU, and takes a fixed value in the same EUS. The last in EUS
This is not the case for VUs.

[0352] Also, "PB Time of VU" must be recorded in PT Format. Here, "PB Time of V
"U" is the PTS of the adjacent video frame in the MPEG stream.
Difference, that is, the PTS equivalent to the presentation time per
Must be a multiple of the one converted to ormat.

[0353] "Number of PRU Information" indicates the number of EUs present in the EUS managed by the "Address LUT".
Record in 32 format. In other words, "PRU Information" is EU and 1
There will be a one-to-one correspondence. If the stream configuration has no PRU, 0 must always be recorded.

[0354] "Number of VU Information" indicates the number of VUs present in the EUS managed by the "Address LUT".
Record in 32 format.

“PRU Information” manages information on PRUs corresponding to each EU in the EUS as shown in FIG. If there is no PRU corresponding to EUS, "Numbe
r ofPRU Information '' and record `` PRU Informatio
"n" is not recorded. “PRU Information” refers to EU within EUS
If there is at least one PRU corresponding to
Must exist one-to-one with U.

The “RLBN of PRU” uses the “PRU Informat”
The start address on the disk of the PRU managed by "ion". The address here is the number of relative logical blocks from the beginning of the PRS file. "RLBN of PRU" is Uint
Must be recorded in 24 formats. "PRU Status"
The status of the PRU managed by this “PRU Information” is shown in FIG.
The management is performed as shown in FIG.

“PR Existence” (Bit 0) is the PRU In
If the PRU corresponding to the formation exists in the PRS file, record ONE; otherwise, record ZERO.

[0358] "VU Information" (Fig. 53) shows information on each VU in the EUS as shown in Fig. 56 (a) or Fig. 56 (b).
Manage as shown in FIG. 56 (a) shows a case where the position information of the video frame managed in this VU is only the start address or the end address, and FIG. 56 (b) similarly shows the case where the position information is the start address and the end address. Shows the case.

The “RLBN of VU” is the “VU Informatio”
"n" represents the start address of the VU managed on the disk.
The address here is the number of logical blocks relative to the beginning of the EUS file. "RLBN of VU" must be recorded in Uint24 format.

The “VU Status” is the “VU Informatio”
FIG. 57 (a) or FIG.
Management is performed as shown in (b). FIG. 57 (a) shows “No
FIG. 57 (b) shows a case where “Non Contiguous Point” information is not defined.

The “PR Existence” (Bit 0) is “VU I
If additional record data corresponding to the VU managed by “nformation” exists, ONE is recorded, and if not, ZERO is recorded. This V
If there is no corresponding PRU for the EU containing U,
ZERO must be recorded.

[0362] "Closed GOP" (Bit 1) is the first in the VU.
Manages whether a GOP is a closed GOP. If the GOP is a closed GOP, record ONE; otherwise, record ZERO. If it is not a closed GOP, the video of the first few frames of that GOP may not be able to be decoded without the information of the previous GOP.

[0363] "Non Contiguous Point" (Bit 2) (Fig. 5
7 (b)) manages whether the EU including the VU managed by the “VU Information” is logically and continuously arranged on the disk with the immediately preceding EU. ZERO is recorded if they are arranged consecutively, and ONE is recorded if they are not consecutively arranged.

“Number of IP Pictures” (FIG. 56)
Records the number of pieces of position information of the I picture and the P picture in the video data to be managed by the “VU Information” in the Uint8 format.

“End RLBN of IP Pictures” (FIG. 56)
(A)) manages the end address on the disc including the I picture and the P picture in the VU managed by the “VU Information”. The address here is the number of relative logical blocks from the head of the VU.

[0366] The first entry must store address information on the first I picture in the VU.
For the second and subsequent addresses, the address information relating to the I picture or the P picture is stored in the Uint16 format.

However, when a semiconductor memory with a high access speed is adopted as the recording medium or when the access performance of the disk device is extremely high, not only the end address but also the start address is given as the position information of the reference picture. I do. In this case, the field name of this item is "RLBN of IP Pictures", and the start address and the end address are respectively recorded continuously in the Uint16 format.

In addition, not only the address of the reference picture alone but also the position information of all video frames may be managed. The position information in this case is the start recording position of each video frame on the disc. The data amount or end address of each frame can be obtained simply from the difference from the start address of the next frame. The above is "Addres
s LUT ”management information.

Next, the specific use of these management information will be described with reference to FIGS. 58 and 59. First, a method of calculating the start address of the VU including the target frame will be described. When it is desired to start playback from a frame corresponding to an arbitrary PT in the EUS, the start position on the disc of the VU including the frame is calculated by “Address LUT”. The basic processing procedure at that time is as follows, and the state is shown in FIG.

(1). The “Start PT” (FIGS. 51 to 58) corresponding to the first display frame in the EUS is subtracted from the target PT to obtain a relative PT (RPT). “Start PT” is obtained by converting a PTS added to an MPEG stream corresponding to the first display frame in EUS or a corresponding PTS into PT Format. RPT = PT-Start PT

As described above, the information of the start point and the end point used to select an arbitrary point from each user program is the absolute PT added to the stream or the corresponding absolute PT. By subtracting "Start PT" from, the relative time information from the beginning of the EUS can be obtained. Here, the fact that the user program has absolute time information means that, for example, even if the front of the EUS is deleted, the information in the “EUS Information” (FIG. 5)
If only "Start PT" of 1) is changed, it is not necessary to update the start point and end point information which is the reference information of all the user programs which refer to this EUS, and the processing is reduced. Means

(2). The relative PT (RPT) is divided by the set presentation time of each VU in the EUS (“PB Time of VU” (FIGS. 52 and 58)), and the “VU In” of the VU including the frame whose reproduction is to be started is included.
formation Number "(FIG. 52). In FIG. 58, V
U♯7 is shown. Note that ip (n) is a function that returns the largest integer equal to or less than n. VU Info Num = ip (RPT / PB Time of VU)

(3). Search for "VU Information Numbe"
From “r”, the start address of the VU including the target frame is obtained as the relative number of logical blocks RLBN of VU ′ from the start of the EUS. Note that RLBN of VU (n) is the nth "VU Infor
mation ”means the value of“ RLBN of VU ”. RLBN of VU '= RLBN of VU (VU Info Num)

As described above, the target frame is included.
The start address of the VU can be obtained by simple calculation of “Address LUT” without performing processing such as search.

Next, a method of calculating the start address of the PRU corresponding to the EU including the target frame will be described.
The basic calculation procedure of the start address of the PRU corresponding to the EU in which the target frame is included is as follows, and this is shown in FIG. The head of the PRU is a location that needs to be accessed when additional recording data corresponding to the target frame exists.

(1). Subtract “Start PT” corresponding to the first display frame in EUS from target PT, and calculate relative PT (RPT).
Ask for. RPT = PT-Start PT

(2). The relative PT (RPT) is divided by the set presentation time (“PB Time of EU”) of each EU in the EUS to obtain the EU number including the frame whose reproduction is to be started. EU and PRU Info
This EU number is used as it is as the "PRU Information Number". FIG. 59 shows PRU info # 1. Note that ip (n) is a function that returns the largest integer equal to or less than n. PRU Info Num = ip (RPT / PB Time of EU)

(3). Search for "PRU Information Numbe"
From “r”, the start address of the PRU corresponding to the EU including the target frame is obtained as the relative number of logical blocks RLBN of PRU ′ from the start of the PRS file. RLBN of PRU '= RLBN of PRU (PRU Info Num) where "PR Status" in "PRU Information" is 0
Means that the corresponding PRU does not exist in the PRS file.

As described above, in the same manner as when the start address of the VU is obtained, the start address of the PRU to be reproduced in synchronization with the VU including the target frame can be obtained by performing the “Address” It can be obtained simply by "LUT" and calculation. Therefore, for example, when a certain PRU is read from the disk, "E"
Only the PRU size information managed by "US Information" is read.

Here, the relationship between an arbitrary EU in the EUS file and the PRU in the PRS file will be described with reference to FIG. 60, including “AddressLUT”. In the example of this figure, one EU is composed of four VUs in an EUS file corresponding to MPEG stream data from recording start to stop or pause. "PRU Infor" in "Address LUT"
mation ”is created one-on-one with the EU. Therefore, E at the beginning of EUS
In order from U, the corresponding “PRU Information” exists by the number of EUs in the EUS file. The “PRU Information” corresponding to each EU contains the PR corresponding to the PRS file.
There is "PRU Status" information indicating whether U exists. In the example of the figure, PRU Information # 4 and # 5, that is, a state where PRUs corresponding to EU # 4 and EU # 5 are not in the PRS file. Also, PRU Information # 1 to # 3, that is, PRUs corresponding to EU # 1 to # 3
2 respectively. PRU Information # 0, that is, the PRU corresponding to EU # 0 is recorded as PRU # 3 in the PRS file. As described above, in the PRS file, the PRUs are added to the file in the order in which the PRUs were recorded. Therefore, the corresponding PRUs are not always arranged in the same order as the EU order.

When the post-record audio data is reproduced in synchronization with the EUS video data having such a configuration, the corresponding PRU data is read from the disk before reading each EU from the beginning of the EUS, and then the EU data is read. Reading and reproducing are performed while synchronizing the video data with the already read post-record data. After the PRU is read in this manner, data is read alternately in a manner such as reading the EU.

As described above, the EUS and PRS are managed as files using the logical file system.
Even if a certain EUS or PRS is recorded on the disk in a divided manner, all the divided information is absorbed at the logical file system level. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 61 and FIG. 62, there is no need to be aware of division at all as the “Address LUT”.

[RLBN of V] in the [Address LUT]
U "and" RLBN of PRU "(Figure 52)
It is a relative address expression based on the beginning of the PRS, and even if it is divided and recorded on the disc, the
In ess LUT, management is performed assuming that EUS or PRS is continuously arranged.

The access length (the number of logical blocks) specified when accessing the disk can be obtained by calculation. For example, the size of one EU or VU can be obtained simply from the difference from the start address of the next EU or VU. The size of a PRU is fixed within the same EUS.

[0385] The relative address system based on the head of the EUS in the "Address LUT" needs to be changed when the head of the EUS is deleted. Specifically, "Address LUT"
Subtract the number of deleted logical blocks from all the relative address information based on the beginning of the EUS in the
T "must be updated. In order to save the trouble of updating all the addresses in the management information, when an arbitrary number of EUs ahead of the EUS are deleted, an “Address Offset” value storing the number of deleted logical blocks (FIG. 53) )
There is.

For example, as shown in FIG. 63, when EU # 0 is deleted, by using this “Address Offset”, it is not necessary to update the value of RLBN of VU in “Address LUT”. That is, by subtracting the value of "Address Offset" from the address in "Address LUT",
It is possible to obtain a correct value. Therefore, the relative address of the VU from the start of the EUS can be finally obtained by the following equation. RLBN of VU '= RLBN of VU-Address Offset

On the other hand, “RLBN of PRU” which is a relative address system based on the head of the PRS file in “Address LUT”
Needs to be changed if the beginning of the PRS is deleted. Specifically, the PR deleted from all the relative address information based on the head of the PRS in the “Address LUT”
Subtract the number of U logical blocks and update the "Address LUT". However, audio data is recorded in the PRU, and has a smaller data size than video data. Therefore, even when it is desired to delete an arbitrary PRU, the same effect can be obtained as updating PRU Status of PRU Information without actually changing the PRS file. Also, for example, when discarding the already recorded post-recording data and attempting a new post-recording, extract the PRUInformation corresponding to the EU for which post-recording is to be performed from the PRU Information, and specify the position indicated by "RLBN of PRU". PRU
It is possible to record the post-record data again. In the second embodiment, PR data, which is a data area for post-recording, is used.
Regarding an embodiment relating to “Address LUT” when U is recorded in a different file from the MPEG stream to be post-recorded, that is, in another area,
Although the description has been made in accordance with a part of the first embodiment, the configuration can be appropriately changed to the configuration described in the first embodiment except for a data area for after-recording.

[0388]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, in a multimedia data stream, position information on an arbitrary frame on a recording medium is represented by:
It can be easily obtained without the need for complicated calculations.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, in the multimedia data stream, the position information on the recording medium of the first data unit, which is the smallest editable unit in an arbitrary frame, can be calculated in a complicated manner. Without needing,
Can be easily obtained.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, in the multimedia data stream, the position information on the recording medium of the second data unit required for accessing an arbitrary frame requires a complicated calculation. And can easily be obtained. In addition, since the position information of the second data unit that is frequently referred to is provided as the management information, there is no need to calculate the position information, and the management information can be referred to efficiently.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, in the multimedia data stream, the position information on the recording medium of the second data unit necessary for accessing an arbitrary frame and the minimum editable unit are used. Position information of a certain first data unit on a recording medium can be easily obtained without requiring complicated calculations.

According to the fifth to seventh aspects of the present invention,
The position information on the recording medium of the additional recording audio data to be reproduced in synchronization with the predetermined data can be easily obtained together with the position information of each data unit without requiring a complicated calculation.

According to the eighth to tenth aspects of the present invention, the position information on the recording medium of the additional recording audio data to be reproduced in synchronization with the predetermined data can be obtained without requiring a complicated calculation.
Can be easily obtained.

According to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, it is possible to read and write a plurality of pieces of management information in a short time.

According to the twelfth aspect of the present invention, since the data area and the management information area are clearly separated, no management information file is created in the data area.
Continuous arrangement of data in the data area can be realized.

[0396] According to the thirteenth aspect of the present invention, the data to be reproduced is close to the management information, and the processing speed can be increased. According to the fourteenth aspect of the present invention, by providing the management information area on the storage medium having a higher access speed than the data storage medium, the response is further improved.

[0397] According to the fifteenth and sixteenth aspects of the present invention, management information is stored in the data recording medium in which the first data unit and the second unit partition the reference data unit based on the reproduction time. By managing the reference position information and the first relative distance information in the area, the data recording medium management device can convert the time information as key information into position information by simple processing. Easy access to. Further, even when reading and writing a plurality of pieces of management information, it can be performed in a short time, and since the data area and the management information area are clearly separated, a file of the management information is created in the data area. Therefore, continuous arrangement of data in the data area can be realized.

According to the seventeenth aspect of the present invention, additional recording audio data can be obtained by simple processing using time information as key information, and the additional recording audio data can be reproduced efficiently.

According to the eighteenth aspect of the present invention, the data to be reproduced is close to the management information, and the processing speed can be increased.

[0400] According to the nineteenth aspect of the present invention, access to other data units becomes easy without complicating the stream configuration.

According to the twentieth aspect of the present invention, when a part of the head of a multimedia data stream is deleted, the position information of the deleted data is recorded in the management information as an offset value, whereby each management There is no need to update the position information in the information, and it is possible to save time and effort in editing.

According to the twenty-first aspect of the present invention, since the reproduction rate of the video data in the first data unit can be calculated, the video data can be calculated without reproducing the video data.
The data reproduction rate can be grasped in advance.

According to the twenty-second aspect of the present invention, since the reproduction rate of the video data in the second unit can be calculated, the reproduction rate of the data is grasped in advance without reproducing the video data. can do.

According to the twenty-third aspect of the present invention, since the relative address is used as the start address ignoring the division arrangement of the stream on the recording medium, the first data unit or the second data The data amount of the data managed by the unit can be grasped from the relationship with the start address before and after.

According to the twenty-fourth aspect of the present invention, when reproducing data, it is possible to know in advance whether it is necessary to read additional recording audio data, and the processing efficiency can be improved.

[0406] According to the twenty-fifth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to grasp in advance whether or not it is necessary to read additional recording audio data in units of the first unit when reproducing data. Can be achieved.

[0407] According to the twenty-sixth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to grasp in advance whether or not it is necessary to read additional recording audio data in units of the second unit when reproducing data. Can be achieved.

[0408] According to the twenty-seventh aspect of the present invention, the first unit of interest is logically combined with the immediately preceding first unit on the recording medium without referring to the information of the logical file system. It is possible to grasp whether or not they are arranged consecutively, and the processing efficiency can be improved.

According to the twenty-eighth aspect of the present invention, before reproducing the second data unit, in order to correctly reproduce the frame in the GOP in the second data unit, one is actually used. Can be grasped that the second unit should be accessed.

[0410] According to the twenty-ninth aspect of the present invention, the unit of the second data unit is not a fixed number of frames, but
An arbitrary number of frames can be managed.

[0411] According to the thirtieth aspect of the present invention, the data amount for reading from the beginning of the second data unit to the target reference picture can be grasped in advance, and special reproduction can be easily realized. can do.

[0412] According to the thirty-first aspect of the present invention, when a recording medium having sufficiently high access performance is used, a target reference picture can be selectively read based on positional information from which data is to be read. Reproduction can be easily realized.

According to the thirty-second aspect of the present invention, when a recording medium having sufficiently high access performance is used, the start addresses of all frames are managed, so that the data amount of one frame is equal to the start address of the next frame. , The data of an arbitrary frame can be selectively read, and special reproduction can be easily realized.

[0414] According to the thirty-third aspect of the present invention, when reproducing data, it is possible to know in advance whether it is necessary to read additional recording audio data, and the processing efficiency can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of an MPEG stream handled in a first embodiment of a recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between an MPEG stream and blocks handled in the first embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 3 illustrates a first embodiment of a recording medium management method according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the start address of a VU provided by an LUT.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an EUS managed as a file by a logical file system in the first embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the contents of EUS Information management information in the first embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the contents of Program Information management information in the first embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing the contents of EUS Stream Information management information in the first embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between EUS Information and EUS in the first embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a PR in a case where the MPEG stream has no EU Header in the first embodiment of the recording medium management method according to the present invention;
It is explanatory drawing which shows arrangement | positioning of U.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a P in the case where an MPEG stream has an EU Header in the first embodiment of the recording medium management method of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the arrangement of RUs.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing an outline of an Address LUT in the first embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing the contents of an Address LUT in the first embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing the contents of PRU information in the first embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing the contents of PRU Status in the first embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram showing the contents of VU information in the first embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram showing the contents of VU Status in the first embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram showing a method of calculating a head address of a VU in the first embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram showing a method for calculating a PRU start address in the first embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a diagram showing a P stream when the MPEG stream has no EU Header in the second embodiment of the recording medium management method according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the arrangement of RUs.

FIG. 20 is a diagram showing a P in the case where an MPEG stream has an EU Header in the second embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the arrangement of RUs.

FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram showing an outline of an Address LUT in a second embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram showing the contents of an Address LUT in the second embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 23 is an explanatory diagram showing the contents of EU information in the second embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 24 is an explanatory diagram showing the contents of EU Status in the second embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 25 is an explanatory diagram showing the contents of VU information in the second embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 26 is an explanatory diagram showing the contents of VU Status in the second embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 27 is an explanatory diagram showing a method of calculating a VU start address in the second embodiment of the recording medium management method of the present invention.

FIG. 28 is an explanatory diagram showing a method of calculating the EU start address in the second embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 29 is an explanatory diagram showing a method of calculating a PRU start address in the second embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 30 is a diagram showing a P in the case where the MPEG stream has no EU Header in the third embodiment of the recording medium management method of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the arrangement of RUs.

FIG. 31 is a diagram showing a P in the case where an MPEG stream has an EU Header in the third embodiment of the recording medium management method of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the arrangement of RUs.

FIG. 32 is an explanatory diagram showing an outline of an Address LUT in a third embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 33 is an explanatory diagram showing the contents of an Address LUT in the third embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 34 is an explanatory diagram showing the contents of VU information in the third embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 35 is an explanatory diagram showing the contents of VU Status in the third embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 36 is an explanatory diagram showing a method of calculating a VU start address in the third embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 37 is an explanatory diagram showing a method (part 1) for calculating the EU start address in the third embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 38 is a theory maze illustrating a method (part 2) of calculating the EU start address in the third embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 39 is an explanatory diagram showing a method of calculating a PRU start address in the third embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 40 is an explanatory diagram showing relative address information in an Address LUT according to the first embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 41 is an explanatory diagram showing Address Offset information in the first embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 42 is an explanatory diagram showing End RLBN of IP Pictures in the first embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 43 is an explanatory diagram showing a system configuration according to the first embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 44 is an explanatory diagram showing a disk area having a management information area according to the first embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 45 is an explanatory diagram showing how management information is arranged at the head of each EUS in the first embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 46 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which management information is embedded in an EU Header and multiplexed into a stream in the first embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 47 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which management information is stored in a semiconductor nonvolatile memory mounted on a disk cartridge in the first embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 48 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between an MPEG stream and blocks handled in the second embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 49 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between an MPEG stream and blocks handled in the second embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 50 is an explanatory diagram showing EUS and PRS managed as files by a logical file system in the second embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 51 is an explanatory diagram showing the contents of EUS Information management information in the second embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 52 is an explanatory diagram showing an outline of an Address LUT in the second embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 53 is an explanatory diagram showing the contents of an Address LUT in the second embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 54 is an explanatory diagram showing the contents of PRU Information in the second embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 55 is an explanatory diagram showing the contents of PRU Status in the second embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 56 is an explanatory diagram showing the contents of VU information in the second embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 57 is an explanatory diagram showing the contents of VU Status in the second embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 58 is an explanatory diagram showing a method of calculating the start address of a VU in the second embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 59 is an explanatory diagram showing a method for calculating a PRU start address in the second embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 60 shows a relationship between an arbitrary EU and a PRU in an EUS file in the second embodiment of the recording medium management method of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an address LUT.

FIG. 61 is an explanatory diagram showing relative address information in an Address LUT in the second embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 62 is an explanatory diagram showing relative address information in an Address LUT according to the second embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 63 is an explanatory diagram showing Address Offset information in the second embodiment of the recording medium management system of the present invention.

FIG. 64 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which MPEG, which is a variable-length coding technique, is recorded on a disk.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 MPEG encoder / decoder 2 AV system part 3 Shock-proof memory 4 Disk control part 5 Host microcomputer 6 Signal processing part 7 Disk

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) G11B 27/10 H04N 5/92 H H04N 5/85 G10L 9/18 J 5/91 H04N 5/91 N

Claims (33)

[Claims] 1. A method for identifying an access position of a data recording medium for managing data for a continuous recording time in a first data array having video data as a reference data unit, wherein the reference data units are the same. The reference data unit includes a plurality of small data units having the same reproduction time. For each of the reference data units, reference position information, which is start position information of the reference data unit, and the reference position information The relative distance information up to the start position information of each small data unit in the data unit is stored in the management information area of the recording medium, and the presentation time information relating to the specified video data and the reference of the target reference data unit are stored. A relative time from the reference time information to the presentation time information is specified based on the reference time information regarding the position information. Identifying the target small data unit including the specified video data by calculation based on the relative time for the specified video data and the reproduction time of the small data unit; and a relative distance stored in the management information area in advance. Identifying the start position information of the target small data unit from the information. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the small data unit is a first data unit that is a minimum unit data that can be independently edited. 3. The small data unit sets a reproduction time in a first data unit which is a plurality of independently editable minimum unit data having the same reproduction time in the same reference data unit. 2. The data access position specifying method according to claim 1, wherein the second data unit is a plurality of identical and independently reproducible minimum unit data. 4. The method according to claim 3, further comprising the step of using the start position information of the second data unit to specify the start position information of the first data unit.
3. The data access position specifying method according to 1. 5. An additional recording audio data unit for storing additional recording audio data that can be recorded or reproduced in synchronization with the video data, unlike the original audio data of the video data, The management information area is provided in association with the first data unit, and the third relative distance information, which is the start position information of each additional recording audio data unit, is stored in advance for each of the reference data units. From the third relative distance information stored in the management information area,
5. The data access position specifying method according to claim 2, further comprising the step of specifying start position information of a target additional recording audio data unit corresponding to the target first data unit. 6. The data access position identification according to claim 5, wherein the third relative distance information is relative distance information from the reference position information to start position information of an additional recording audio data unit. Method. 7. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the third relative distance information is relative distance information from a start position information of the first data unit to a start position information of an additional recording audio data unit. Described data access location identification method. 8. A method for specifying an access position of a data recording medium for managing data for a continuous recording time in a first data array having video data as a reference data unit, wherein the reference data units are the same. The first data unit is a plurality of independently editable minimum unit data having the same reproduction time within the reference data unit, and the data recording medium includes the original audio data of the video data. Differently, an additional recording audio data unit that stores additional recording audio data that can be recorded or reproduced in synchronization with the video data is provided in association with the first data unit, and for each of the reference data units, Third relative distance information, which is start position information of each of the additional recording audio data units, is stored in a management information area of a recording medium. Specifying the relative time from the reference time information to the presentation time information based on the presentation time information on the designated video data and the reference time information on the reference position information of the target reference data unit; Specifying a target first data unit including designated video data by an operation based on the relative time of the first data unit and the reproduction time of the first data unit; and third relative distance information stored in the management information area in advance. Determining the start position information of the target additional recording audio data unit corresponding to the target first data unit. 9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the third relative distance information is relative distance information from reference position information, which is start position information of the reference data unit, to start position information of an additional recording audio data unit. Item 9. The data access position specifying method according to Item 8. 10. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the third relative distance information is relative distance information from a start position information of the first data unit to a start position information of an additional recording audio data unit. 3. The data access position specifying method according to 1. 11. The additional recording audio data unit,
9. The data access position determination method according to claim 5, wherein the data access position determination method is provided in the first data unit. 12. The additional recording audio data unit,
9. The data access position determination method according to claim 5, wherein the data access position determination method is provided outside the reference data unit. 13. The data access position determination method according to claim 1, wherein the management information area is provided in the data recording medium. 14. The data access position determining method according to claim 1, wherein the management information area is provided on a recording medium outside the data recording medium. 15. A management device for a data recording medium for managing data for a continuous recording time in a first data array having video data as a reference data unit, wherein the reference data unit includes a plurality of independent data units. A first data unit that is a minimum unit data that can be edited and configured, and the first data unit is configured by a plurality of second units that are data of a minimum unit that can be reproduced independently. The first reproduction time, which is the reproduction time of the first data unit, is the same within the same reference data unit, and
The second playback time, which is the playback time of the second unit, is controlled identically within the same reference data unit, and for each reference data unit, reference position information that is the start position information of the reference data unit; The first relative distance information from the reference position information to the start position information of the first data unit in the reference data unit is stored in a management information area provided on the data recording medium or a holding member of the data recording medium. A data recording medium management device, further comprising: a control unit that manages the information so that the data can be written or read. 16. A management apparatus for a data recording medium for managing data for a continuous recording time in a first data array having video data as a reference data unit, wherein the reference data unit includes a plurality of independent data units. A first data unit that is a minimum unit data that can be edited and configured, and the first data unit is configured by a plurality of second units that are data of a minimum unit that can be reproduced independently. The first reproduction time, which is the reproduction time of the first data unit, is the same within the same reference data unit, and
The second playback time, which is the playback time of the second unit, is controlled identically within the same reference data unit, and for each reference data unit, reference position information that is the start position information of the reference data unit; The second relative distance information from the reference position information to the start position information of a predetermined second data unit in the reference data unit is stored in management information provided on the data recording medium or a holding member of the data recording medium. An apparatus for managing a data recording medium, comprising: a control unit that manages writing or reading in an area. 17. The additional recording audio data for storing additional recording audio data which can be recorded or reproduced in synchronization with the video data, unlike the original audio data of the video data, on the data recording medium. Form a data unit,
And, in the management information area, in association with the first data unit, third relative distance information from the reference position information to the start position information of the additional recording audio data unit,
17. The data recording medium management device according to claim 15, wherein the data recording medium is managed so as to be writable or readable. 18. The additional recording audio data unit,
18. The data recording medium management device according to claim 17, wherein the management device is provided in the first data unit. 19. The additional recording audio data unit,
18. The data recording medium management device according to claim 17, wherein the management device is provided outside the reference data unit. 20. The data recording medium according to claim 15, wherein the control unit manages offset information indicating an offset value with respect to position information so as to be able to write or read the management information area. Management device. 21. The apparatus according to claim 15, wherein the control unit is capable of calculating a reproduction rate of data of a first data unit based on the first relative distance information and a first reproduction time. 3. The data recording medium management device according to claim 1. 22. The apparatus according to claim 16, wherein the control unit is capable of calculating a data reproduction rate of a second data unit based on the second relative distance information and a second reproduction time. 3. The data recording medium management device according to claim 1. 23. The data recording medium management device according to claim 15, wherein the position information is a relative address ignoring a divisional arrangement on the recording medium. 24. The control unit manages additional recording presence / absence information indicating whether or not additional recording audio data to be synchronously reproduced is stored in the additional recording audio data unit in the management information area in a writable or readable manner. The management apparatus for a data recording medium according to claim 17, wherein the management is performed. 25. The control unit according to claim 21, wherein said additional recording presence / absence information indicating whether or not additional recording audio data to be synchronously reproduced corresponding to the first data unit is stored in said additional recording audio data unit. The management apparatus for a data recording medium according to claim 17, wherein the management is performed so that the information area can be written or read. 26. The recording apparatus according to claim 26, wherein the control unit stores the additional recording presence / absence information indicating whether or not additional recording audio data to be synchronously reproduced corresponding to the second data unit is stored in the additional recording audio data unit. The management apparatus for a data recording medium according to claim 17, wherein the management is performed so that the information area can be written or read. 27. The control unit, comprising:
The continuous data information indicating whether or not the data corresponding to the data unit is logically arranged on the recording medium with the data corresponding to the subsequent first data unit is written in the management information area. 17. The data recording medium management device according to claim 15, wherein the data recording medium is managed so as to be readable. 28. The control unit according to claim 15, wherein the control unit manages information indicating whether a first GOP of the second data unit is a closed GOP so as to be able to write or read the management information area. Or the management apparatus for a data recording medium according to 16. 29. The control unit manages video frame information indicating the number of video frames to be managed in the MPEG data of the second data unit so as to be able to write or read the management information area. The data recording medium management device according to claim 15. 30. The control unit, as a video frame to be managed in the MPEG data of the second data unit,
16. An end position information indicating an end address of a reference picture on a recording medium is managed so as to be writable or readable in the management information area.
7. The data recording medium management device according to 6. 31. The control unit, wherein reference picture start position information indicating a start address on a recording medium of a reference picture of a video frame to be managed in the MPEG data of the second data unit, and reference picture end indicating an end address. 17. The data recording medium management device according to claim 15, wherein the position information is managed so as to be writable or readable in the management information area. 32. The control unit, as a video frame to be managed in the MPEG data of the second data unit,
17. The system according to claim 15, wherein start position information indicating a start address of a reference picture on a recording medium is managed so as to be writable or readable in said management information area.
3. The data recording medium management device according to claim 1. 33. A data recording medium management device that manages data for a continuous recording time in a first data array having video data as reference data, wherein the reference data unit includes a plurality of small data units. For each of the reference data units, in advance, reference position information that is the start position information of the reference data unit, and each of from the reference position information to the start position information of each small data unit in the reference data unit Relative distance information and additional recording presence / absence information indicating whether or not additional recording audio data to be synchronously reproduced are stored in the additional recording audio data unit are provided in the storage medium or the pointing member of the data storage medium. A management device for a data recording medium, comprising a control unit for managing in a management information area in a writable or readable manner.