JP2001025212A - Multipolar rotating electric machine and sensing method therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve precision, and to operate a machine stably, even when at machine start. SOLUTION: Stator poles 11A for sensors equal in number to the number of phases which form this rotating electric machine or integer times the number of phases are centripetally arranged, at equal pitches from the inner surface of an annular magnetic substance to be united to a stator 1 toward the circle center, and sensors U1, V1, W1 are fitted to respective prescribed positions of the stator poles for sensors, and inductors are formed at the tip parts. A stator 11 for sensors is formed, in parallel with the stator 1 of the rotating electric machine itself with a prescribed air gap between and substances to be rotated and detected which are fixed to a shaft 5 and correspond to the sensors in the direction of rotation are formed, forming air gaps between with the inductors of the stator for sensors. It is desirable that the position of the rotor 3 be detected by coaxially forming Nr pairs of magnetic poles or integral number of times of Nr pairs of magnetic poles with the rotor of the rotating electric machine itself and forming substances to be rotated and detected, and detecting a magnetic pole formed on the rotor 13 for sensors by a magnetic sensing element as a sensor.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a multi-pole rotating electric machine effective for closed-loop control of a rotating electric machine and a sensing method thereof, and more particularly to a closed-loop control of a multi-pole rotating electric machine such as a stepping motor used in a copying machine or the like. The present invention relates to an inexpensive and high-performance multi-pole rotating electric machine that is optimal for a vehicle, operates with high accuracy and stably even at the time of starting, and a sensing method thereof.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a small rotating electric machine, the current position of a rotor,
The brushless motor, which performs closed loop control by feeding back information such as the current speed, reduces power consumption during no-load operation, improves efficiency, and reduces rotation unevenness, compared to an open loop drive stepping motor. Since a great effect can be obtained, it has recently been used in OA equipment such as a copying machine. The number of rotor poles of a general brushless motor is about 14 or less for a motor having a rotor outer diameter of about 30 mm. As a sensor for controlling the rotation of a brushless motor having such a structure, generally,
As shown in FIG. 14 or FIG. 15, there is used means for causing a magnetically sensitive element such as a Hall element or a magnetoresistive element to face a rotor magnetic pole via an air gap.

FIGS. 14 and 15 do not show a detailed configuration as a rotating electric machine in order to explain a sensing function. 14, reference numeral 101 denotes a stator of a rotating electric machine; 102, a coil wound around the stator; 103, a rotor that rotates around a rotation shaft 105 formed by magnetizing magnetic poles around the rotor; and 108, a rotor This is a Hall element that detects the magnetic pole of. That is, the rotor 1 is used by the Hall element 108.
The stator 101 of the rotating electric machine rotates at a desired rotation speed by detecting the rotating magnetic pole formed in the coil 03 and setting the timing of supplying the exciting current to the coil 102 based on the detection signal. For example, when the number of poles of the rotor is 32 to 1
In the case of a multi-pole of 00 poles, a pulse encoder or the like, which transmits light through a disc provided with a number of slits along the circumference and is detected by a light-sensitive element such as a photodiode, is mounted on a rotation shaft outside the motor. Optical sensing means to be worn,
As shown in FIG. 15, means for mounting a magnetic encoder using a magnetoresistive element on a rotating shaft is employed. FIG.
In the figure, reference numeral 113 denotes a rotor having a magnetic drum portion 113a magnetized in the rotation direction around a cylinder. In addition,
115 is the rotation axis. A change in magnetism generated by the rotation of the rotor 113 is detected by a magnetoresistive element 118, and a comparator 119 generates an excitation current command signal. In the case of a multipole rotor,
Means utilizing the induced speed electromotive force of the rotor is also used.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION As described above, a multi-pole rotating electric machine is a sensing method in which a magnetically sensitive element such as a Hall element is directly opposed to a rotor magnetic pole through an air gap. In the case of positioning, the mechanical angle when the number of magnetic poles of the rotor is 100 is the value obtained by dividing the number of pole pairs by the electrical angle, that is, 0.6 degrees. Therefore, a slight deviation of the mechanical angle causes a large angle error, and if the required positional accuracy between the rotor magnetic pole and the Hall element cannot be obtained during mass production, uniform characteristics cannot be obtained. Further, since the outer periphery of the magnetic sensitive portion of the Hall element is covered with a thicker resin, the distance between the magnetic sensitive portion and the facing portion is increased, which also causes a decrease in positioning accuracy. Therefore, as described above, it has not been adopted in a multi-pole rotating electric machine.

In the means for obtaining the position information of the rotor by mounting an optical or magnetic encoder, when the rotor has multiple poles, it is necessary to increase the resolution of the encoder accordingly. Even if the deviation is large, a large electrical angle error will occur, so that it takes a long time to adjust the position with the encoder, resulting in an increase in cost. The permanent magnet type rotating electric machine, when corresponding to the magnetic poles formed on the rotor, excites the phase coil that maximizes the speed electromotive force,
Since the field is perpendicular to the current, the motor can be driven with the maximum torque.
However, in the method using the induction speed electromotive force of the rotor induced in the winding of the rotor as a sensor, the speed is zero at the start, and there is no induction speed electromotive force. Sometimes it was necessary to start in an open loop, like a stepper motor.

As described above, the rotating electric machine used for the conventional closed-loop control has a motor with a rotor outer diameter of about 30 mm having about 14 poles or less and a rotor having 3 poles.
In the case of multi-poles such as 2 poles to 100 poles, it is necessary to attach a dedicated sensor outside, and there has been a problem that it has to be expensive including adjustment costs. In addition, since the stepping motor is a control method using an open loop, there is a problem that the rotation accuracy is clearly lower than that in the closed loop.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems (problems) of the prior art, and is suitable for enabling closed-loop control of a multi-pole rotating electric machine such as a stepping motor. It is an object of the present invention to provide a multi-pole rotating electric machine integrally formed with a sensor and a sensing method of the sensor, which enable inexpensive and high-performance closed loop control.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A multi-pole rotating electric machine according to the present invention is disposed at equal pitches from the substantially annular magnetic body surface toward the center of the circle, each of which is wound with a winding for excitation. A stator having a main pole formed with a plurality of predetermined magnetic teeth at its tip,
A hybrid in which a predetermined air gap is provided between the stator and magnetic tooth surfaces, and an axially magnetized permanent magnet is sandwiched between two gear-shaped magnetic bodies having Nr magnetic teeth in the rotation direction. Type rotor, or Nr N poles in the rotation direction, S
In a rotating electric machine provided by rotatably supporting a cylindrical permanent-magnet-type rotor in which the same number of permanent magnets are alternately formed in a cylindrical shape, in a rotating electric machine, the center of the circular magnetic body is substantially connected to the above-described stator. The stator poles for the number of phases or an integral multiple of the number of phases forming this rotating electric machine are arranged at equal pitches in a centripetal manner toward the Forming an inductor in the portion, and providing a predetermined air gap between the stator for the sensor, which is configured with a predetermined air gap in the stator, and an inductor of the stator pole for the sensor, And a rotation detection object corresponding to the sensor in the rotation direction is formed.

In the above rotating electric machine, the number of phases or an integral multiple of the number of phases forming the rotating electric machine at equal pitches from the surface of the annular magnetic body connected to the stator of the rotating electric machine itself toward the center of the circle in a centripetal manner. A stator pole for the sensor is arranged, a magnetically sensitive element is mounted as a sensor at a predetermined position of each of the stator poles for the sensor, and an inductor is formed at the tip, and the sensor pole is formed through a predetermined air gap. Nr or Nr coaxially with the rotor of the rotating electric machine itself through a predetermined gap corresponding to the stator and the inductor of the sensor stator.
The hybrid rotor for sensors in which a permanent magnet magnetized in the axial direction is sandwiched between two gear-shaped magnetic bodies having magnetic teeth of an integral multiple of the above, or the number of pole pairs is coaxial with the rotor of the rotating electric machine itself. A rotation target is formed by a permanent magnet rotor for a sensor in which Nr or an integral number of Nr poles and an S pole of the same number of Nr poles are alternately formed in a cylindrical shape, and the magnetically sensitive element is a rotor for the sensor. It is preferable that the position of the rotor is detected by detecting the magnetic pole formed in the magnetic head. However, Nr = m (Pn ± 1) (1A) or Nr = m (2Pn ± 1) / 2 (1B) Also, an integer of m ≧ 2, n ≧ 1 And P is the number of phases of the rotary electric machine. Alternatively, in the rotating electric machine described above, the number of phases or the number of phases that form the rotating electric machine at an equal pitch from the annular magnetic body surface connected to the stator of the rotating electric machine itself toward the center of the circle at a constant pitch. Integral multiple sensor stator poles were arranged, coils were wound as sensors at predetermined positions of each of the sensor stator poles, an inductor was formed at the tip, and a predetermined air gap was formed. A gear-shaped magnetic body having Nr or an integral multiple of Nr magnetic teeth coaxially with the rotor of the rotary electric machine itself via a predetermined gap corresponding to the sensor stator and the inductor of the sensor stator. The rotor to be detected is formed by the sensor rotor formed in the above, and the position of the rotor may be detected by changing the inductance of the coil depending on the presence or absence of the magnetic teeth formed on the sensor rotor. There. In the above,
Nr is formed so as to satisfy the expression (1A) or the expression (1B). When the number P of phases constituting the rotating electric machine is 3, the number of stator poles for the sensor is set to 2 or a multiple of 2,
The output signals of the sensor coil are mutually 90 electrical degrees.
It may be formed so as to have a phase difference of degrees.

In the rotating electric machine described above, the stator poles for sensors formed correspond to the magnetic poles formed on the stator of the multi-pole rotating electric machine itself and the positions of the magnetic poles, and the number of magnetic pole pairs or the magnetic pole formed on the rotating detection target. It is desirable to provide a predetermined number of magnetic teeth forming a plurality of predetermined inductors at an equal pitch in accordance with the number of teeth. Further, the inductor at the tip of the stator pole for the sensor and the rotation detection object fixed to the rotation shaft may be formed to face each other on the same circumference via a predetermined air gap. Alternatively, the inductor at the tip of the stator pole for the sensor and the rotation detection object fixed to the rotating shaft may be formed with their respective side surfaces facing each other via a predetermined air gap. In the present invention, further, in the rotating electric machine to which the present invention is applied, Nr pieces or a predetermined number in proportion to Nr are added to a core formed between the cylindrical permanent magnet formed on the rotor of the rotating electric machine itself and the rotating shaft. A slit having a shape is provided, the core itself is used as a rotation detection target, and the number of phases or an integral multiple of the number of phases forming the rotating electric machine is fixed to a predetermined air gap with respect to the rotation detection target. A plurality of magnetic teeth forming inductors are formed at predetermined positions on the end face of each of the sensor stator poles at predetermined positions on the end faces of the respective sensor poles. A coil is wound around the rotor to form an inductor, and the position of the rotor can be detected by changing the inductance of the coil depending on the presence or absence of a slit formed in the rotation target. In the above, Nr is (1
It is formed so as to satisfy the formula (A) or the formula (1B).

The stator poles for the sensor correspond to the magnetic poles and magnetic pole positions formed on the stator of the multi-pole rotating electric machine itself, and correspond to the number of magnetic pole pairs or the number of magnetic teeth formed on the rotation detection target. When a magnetic sensitive element is formed as a sensor by providing a predetermined number of magnetic teeth forming a plurality of predetermined inductors, a magnetic pole formed on a rotor of the multi-pole rotating electric machine itself, and a sensor rotation The deviation of the magnetic poles or magnetic teeth formed on the stator in the rotor direction is θr, and the rotation of the magnetic teeth forming the stator main pole of an arbitrary phase and the magnetic teeth forming the corresponding inductor of the sensor stator for the sensor. Θs
It is desirable to form them so as to satisfy the following expression. However, 0 ≦ θr ≦ 360 / Nr (2)
A) 0 ≦ θs ≦ 360 / PNr (2B) Nr is the number of rotor pole pairs P is the number of stator phases When θr = 0, θs ≠ 0... ... (3
A) When θs = 0, θr ≠ 0 (3)
B) Further, in the rotating electric machine described above, the outer diameter of the rotor of the rotating electric machine is D1, the outer diameter of the non-output shaft side bearing of the rotating electric machine is D2, and the outer diameter of the sensor rotor is D3. ,
D2 and D3 may be formed so as to satisfy the following expression, and a pair of the stator for the sensor and the rotor for the sensor may be formed outside the non-output shaft side bearing of the rotary electric machine. D1>D2> D3 (4A) In the above description, when the thrust receiver is formed in the non-output shaft side bearing mounting mechanism of the rotating electric machine, the inner diameter of the non-output shaft side bearing mounting hole. Is defined as D2 ', and the film is formed so as to satisfy the following expression. D1> D2 ′> D3 (4B) Also, the coils are arranged at equal pitches from the surface of the substantially annular magnetic body toward the center of the circle, and each is wound with a winding for excitation. A predetermined air gap is provided between a stator having a main pole provided with a plurality of predetermined magnetic teeth at an equal pitch at its tip and a magnetic tooth surface of the stator. Hybrid rotor in which an axially magnetized permanent magnet is sandwiched between two gear-shaped magnetic bodies having magnetic teeth, or Nr N poles and S poles of the same number in the rotation direction. In a rotating electric machine provided with rotatably supported cylindrical permanent magnet type rotors formed alternately in a cylindrical shape, Nr pieces or a number in proportion to Nr which penetrate the rotor concentrically in the axial direction are provided. A gear-shaped turn having a slit portion or having Nr or a small number of teeth in proportion to Nr in the rotational direction. Form a rolling element to form a rotation detection body, penetrate the gap between the slits or small teeth, and provide an optical sensor at a position corresponding to the main pole formed on the stator,
The slit position may be detected by this optical sensor.

In the above, Nr is expressed by the formula (1A) or (1A).
B) It is formed so as to satisfy the expression. In a rotating electric machine in which the above-described coil is formed as a sensor, the sensor coil may be formed in a chopping circuit, and a change in chopping cycle or duty due to coil inductance may be detected to obtain position information of the rotor. Also,
Alternating voltage may be supplied to the sensor coil, and change in current value due to coil inductance may be detected to obtain position information of the rotor. Further, in a rotating electric machine in which the above-described magnetically sensitive element is formed as a sensor, it is desirable to use a Hall element as the magnetically sensitive element.

According to the above configuration, a magnetically sensitive element such as an inexpensive Hall element, a coil, or an optical sensor can be used as a stator or a rotor part of a rotating electric machine itself, or a similar processing means can be used. It can be used as an accurate sensor for closed-loop control of a multi-pole rotating electric machine while having a simple structure with a structure. If the sensor uses the magnetic sensing function and the stator poles for the sensor are provided with magnetic teeth as inductors, the rotor magnetic flux is guided to these magnetic teeth, and the collected magnetic flux is guided to the magnetic sensitive element to change the magnetic field. , The desired measurement accuracy can be obtained without special consideration as the mounting position accuracy of the sensor. When the periphery of the sensor rotor is formed in a gear shape, the material may be an inexpensive magnetic iron plate, and positioning with high stability that is hardly affected by temperature or the like can be performed. When a slit is provided in the core of the cylindrical magnet type rotor, the rotor position for the sensor can be detected with high accuracy from the start, since no special sensor rotor is required and the induction speed voltage need not be used. . When a change in inductance of a coil is used as a sensor, the rotor position can be detected with a desired accuracy with a simple structure and configuration. Even when light passing change is used as a sensor, the rotor position can be detected with desired accuracy with a simple structure and configuration.

[0014]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. Embodiment 1 Embodiment 1 shows an example in which the means described in claim 2 of the present invention is applied to a three-phase six-pole permanent magnet type rotating electric machine. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a cross section of a three-phase six-pole permanent magnet type rotating electric machine to which the present invention is applied;
1 is a predetermined number of phases, ie, 3 in the present embodiment.
Six stator main poles 1A are formed as six phase poles.
In FIG. 3, six main poles are centripetally arranged at a constant pitch from the substantially annular magnetic body surface toward the center of the circle, and each main pole 1A is wound with an exciting coil 2 to form a tip. Are provided with a plurality of predetermined magnetic teeth 1a to be pole teeth at an equal pitch. Also,
With a predetermined air gap between the magnetic teeth 1a and the inner surface thereof,
Rotary shaft 5 rotatably supported by bearings not shown
The rotor 3 is fixed to the rotor 3 via a core 4 formed of a magnetic material such as magnetic iron, and forms a permanent magnet 3A around the periphery in an alternating manner with Nr pairs of N poles and S poles of the permanent magnet in the rotation direction, A cylindrical permanent magnet type rotor is formed. However, it is formed so as to satisfy Nr = m (Pn ± 1) (1A) Nr = m (2Pn ± 1) / 2 (1B) Further, m is an integer of 2 or more, n is an integer of 1 or more, and P is the number of stator phases. FIG. 3 shows a case where the above equation (1A) is satisfied and m = 2 and n = 3. That is, since there are three phases, the number of main poles is 6, and (1
From equation (A), Nr = 2 (3 × 3-1) = 16, and the step angle θ has a relationship of θ = 60 / Nr.
3.75 degree rotating electric machine. The rotary electric machine to which the equation (1B) is applied is, for example, an HB type three-phase stepping motor. When m = 4, 12 poles, and when n = 4, Nr = 4 (2 × 3 × 4 + 1) / 2 = 50, and the step angle θ has a relationship of θ = 60 / Nr.
It becomes a rotating electric machine twice. In the following description, a multi-pole rotating electric machine to which the present invention is applied, including a case where a stepping motor incorporates a sensor for position detection to execute closed loop control, will be described as a rotating electric machine.

A sensing system configured in the rotating electric machine will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional front view of the rotating electric machine shown in FIG. 3, but for convenience of illustration, the magnetically sensitive elements U1, V1, W1 arranged at 120 degrees apart from each other as shown in FIG. For the sake of simplicity, the rotating electric machine is shown longitudinally at intervals of 120 degrees. In FIG. 1, 1 is a stator, 2 is a coil, 5 is a rotating shaft, 6 is an output side cover, 7 is a non-output side cover, and 8 is a bearing. Reference numeral 11 denotes a center stator having a sensor stator pole 11A, which will be described in detail later, which is fixed to the stator 1, and a magnetically sensitive element U1 such as a Hall element (and V1, W, W).
1) is provided as a sensor. Reference numeral 13 denotes a sensor rotor having a function as an object to be detected, which will be described in detail later. (In the following description, the term "object to be detected" will not be used as much as possible, and will be described using a function name such as a sensor rotor.)

FIG. 2 shows a sensor system when FIG. 1 is viewed from the right side, and a sensor stator pole 1 made of a magnetic material such as an iron material having the same or equivalent predetermined characteristics as the stator 1.
1A is provided at a constant pitch from the substantially annular magnetic body surface toward the center of the circle at a constant pitch, has a predetermined number of magnetic teeth 11a as an inductor at its tip, and is provided between the annular magnetic body and the magnetic teeth 11a. A yoke portion 11b is formed therebetween. A yoke portion 11b of each stator pole 11A has a sensor U made of a magnetically sensitive element.
1, V1, W1, for example, Hall elements are mounted. Further, a sensor rotor 13 fixed to the rotating shaft 5 rotatably supported by a bearing (not shown) is provided via a predetermined air gap between the magnetic rotor 11 and the inner surface of the magnetic teeth 11a. The rotor for the sensor includes a core 14 formed of a magnetic material such as magnetic iron, in which a permanent magnet 13A is formed of a magnetic material such as magnetic iron by alternately forming N poles and S poles in the rotation direction, and forming Nr pairs or multiples of Nr. It is fixed to the rotating shaft 5. In the present embodiment, an example is shown in which one sensor stator pole is formed for each of the three phases. However, the stator pole for the sensor for setting the excitation timing of the three-phase machine is 3
Of course, it is sufficient to be 3, 6, 9, 12, or the like which is a multiple of.

In the above, the detection signal of the sensor U1 is used to detect the position of the U-phase in the three-phase rotating electric machine,
The detection signal 1 is for detecting the position of the V phase in the three-phase rotating electric machine, and the detection signal of the sensor W1 is W in the three-phase rotating electric machine.
Each is used for phase position detection. As described above, the number of magnetic teeth 11a corresponding to the number of permanent magnets formed around the sensor rotor in a shape substantially equivalent to the stator main pole 1A functioning as an inductor is provided at the tip of each yoke portion 11b. , Formed as inductors. The inductor has a function of efficiently and accurately guiding the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet formed on the sensor rotor to the sensors U1, V1, and W1. The mounting position of the sensor with respect to each of the sensor stator poles depends on the shape of the yoke portion 11b and the shape of the magnetic teeth 11a of the inductor, and the like. It may be mounted at an appropriate position between the body surface and the branch between the inductor and the magnetic teeth 11a.

The sensor rotor 13 has a circular periphery, and Nr formed around the rotor 3 as described above.
The same number of N poles and N poles as the N poles and S poles are formed. In the above, the logarithm Nr of the north pole and the south pole is configured to satisfy the above equation (1A). The cores 4 and 14 are desirably formed of a magnetic material such as magnetic iron. In the above figure, the magnetic pole N pole or S pole formed on the rotor by the permanent magnet of the rotating electric machine function and the magnetic pole N pole or S pole formed on the sensor rotor 13 are deviated in the rotational direction of the rotor. Where θr is the position, and θs is the positional deviation of the magnetic teeth 1a formed on the stator main pole 1A of an arbitrary phase and the corresponding magnetic teeth 11a of the sensor stator 11 in the rotational direction of the rotor. 0 ≦ θr ≦ 360 / Nr (2A) 0 ≦ θs ≦ 360 / PNr (2B) where Nr is the number of rotor pole pairs P is the number of stator phases θr = When 0, θs ≠ 0 When θs = 0, θr ≠ 0

When the stator is formed by stamping a thin magnetic steel plate with a press as in a general processing means of a rotating electric machine main body, the above-mentioned sensor stator uses a press die for this processing. It may be punched. In this case, since the mutual positional accuracy of the inductor of each sensor stator and the magnetic pole formed on the stator main pole can be obtained, the positional accuracy of mounting the sensor on the yoke portion is not greatly affected. Measurement accuracy is obtained.

Second Embodiment A sensing system in which a stator of a two-phase four-pole permanent magnet type rotating electric machine can be formed from a single iron plate by punching with a press is described as a second embodiment in FIG. 1 and FIG. Since the rotor has a structure similar to that of the first embodiment, the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 and 2 are used and the description is omitted. Next, the sensors U1, V1, W
The function of 1 will be described. Now, as shown in FIG. 2, when the magnetic teeth of the U-phase sensor U1 face the N pole of the sensor rotor 13, the magnetic flux is applied to the sensor stator pole 11A as shown by the arrow j. Although formed, the magnetic flux k passing through the yoke portion 11b is saturated so that the leakage magnetic flux passes through the sensor U1 because it is formed thin for mounting the sensor U1. Therefore, the sensor U1 outputs a signal that detects magnetism. As described above, the rotor direction position deviation between the magnetic pole N pole or S pole formed on the rotor by the permanent magnet of the rotating electric machine function and the magnetic pole N pole or S pole formed on the sensor rotor 13 is determined. θr. Therefore, in the rotating electric machine application system that constitutes the closed loop control function, the sensor U1 accurately detects the rotational position of the rotor of the rotating electric machine, so that it is possible to determine the U-phase excitation timing. it can. Further, in the present embodiment, the rotation speed of the rotating electric machine can be measured by counting the number of output signals of any one of the three mounted sensors per unit time.

Embodiment 3 Referring to FIGS. 4 and 5, an embodiment in which a sensor system different from the above-described Embodiment 2 according to the present invention is applied to a three-phase hybrid (hereinafter, referred to as HB) type stepping motor. Mode 3 will be described. FIG.
1 is a longitudinal sectional front view of a rotating electric machine, similar to FIG. 1 described above, wherein 1 is a stator, 2 is a coil, 5 is a rotating shaft, 6 is an output side cover, 7 is a non-output side cover, and 8 is a bearing. It is.
FIG. 5 shows the sensor system when FIG. 4 is viewed from the right side. In the description of the present embodiment, a detailed illustration and description is omitted, but the number of main poles is 6, 9, 12, or the like, and a stator having magnetic poles on each main pole is used. It can be applied to a rotating electric machine (stepping motor) having the same. In FIG.
Numerals 9a and 9b denote Nr magnetic teeth formed on the outer periphery, and are magnetic bodies deviated from each other by 外 周 pitch. The magnetic bodies 9a and 9b sandwich a permanent magnet 10 magnetized in the rotation axis direction and are fixed to the rotation shaft 5. Have been. That is, the HB type rotor R is formed by the magnetic bodies 9a and 9b and the permanent magnet 10.

Next, the sensor system will be described with reference to FIGS. In the figure, reference numeral 15 denotes a sensor stator formed of a substantially annular magnetic material such as an iron material having the same or equivalent predetermined characteristics as the stator 1.
A is a centrifugally arranged at an equal pitch from the substantially annular magnetic body surface toward the center of the circle, has a predetermined number of magnetic teeth 15a at its tip as an inductor, and has an annular magnetic body and magnetic teeth 15a. A yoke portion 15b is formed between them. A coil 12 is wound around the yoke 15b of each stator pole 15A as a sensor. Further, a sensor rotor 16 fixed to the rotating shaft 5 rotatably supported by the bearing 8 is formed through a predetermined air gap between the inner surface of the magnetic teeth 15a. The rotor 16 for the sensor corresponds to the inductor (magnetic teeth 15a) of the stator 15 for the sensor, and Nr or a magnetic tooth 16a of an integral multiple of Nr is coaxially arranged with the rotor R of the rotary electric machine through a predetermined gap. The rotation detection object is formed by the formed gear-shaped magnetic material.

In the present embodiment, the U phase, U phase, V phase, V phase
An example is shown in which two sensor poles are formed for each of the three phases of three phases, W phase and W phase. However, it goes without saying that the sensor stator pole for setting the excitation timing of the three-phase machine should be a multiple of 3, 3, 6, 9, 12, or the like. The number and pitch of the magnetic teeth 15a of the sensor stator pole 15A are set to a value corresponding to the number of magnetic teeth 16a formed on the sensor rotor 16, that is, the pitch. Accordingly, the magnetic teeth 1 of the sensor stator pole 15A
The number 5a may be set in correspondence with the required accuracy and sensitivity as a sensor. Therefore, a single magnetic tooth may be used as long as the detection sensitivity and the like can be tolerated.

Next, the operation principle of the above structure will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 shows a stator pole 15A for each phase sensor.
That is, FIG. 4A is a diagram showing a change in inductance according to a positional relationship between the coil 12 and the magnetic teeth 16a formed on the sensor rotor 16, and FIG. 4A shows a U-phase sensor stator pole 15A. Coil 12 and magnetic teeth 1 of sensor rotor
6A shows the positional relationship with FIG. 6A, and FIG.
(C) shows the inductance change curve of the V-phase coil at the same timing, and FIG. (D) shows the inductance change curve of the W-phase coil at the same timing. 3 shows an inductance change curve of a coil. 6A to 6D.
Then, for convenience of description, the magnetic teeth of the sensor stator pole 15A converge to one, and the sensor rotor also converges all magnetic teeth corresponding to the magnetic poles of the sensor stator pole to one. Indicated by. Therefore, the magnetic teeth of the rotor for the sensor and the stator poles of the sensor will be described as inductors.

A1 in FIG. 6 (A) shows a state where the sensor stator pole 15A and the inductor of the sensor rotor 16 are completely opposed. That is, the inductance of the U- U phase coil is the maximum as shown in FIG. The sensor rotor 16 rotates 90 degrees in electrical angle,
When the positional relationship between the inductor of the sensor stator pole 15A and the inductor of the sensor rotor 16 becomes as shown in FIG. A2, it becomes an intermediate value as shown in FIG. Is rotated by 90 degrees in electrical angle, FIG.
As shown in A3, the positional relationship between the stator pole 15A for the sensor and the inductor of the rotor 16 for the sensor is completely non-opposed, and the inductance becomes the minimum value as shown in FIG. Become. Further, when the rotor 16 for the sensor rotates 90 degrees in electrical angle, the stator pole 15A for the sensor and the inductor of each of the rotor 16 for the sensor become A in FIG.
4, the inductance becomes an intermediate value as shown in FIG.

During this time, the inductance value of the V-phase coil deviates from the U-phase coil by 120 degrees in electrical angle as shown in FIG. When the child pole 15A and the inductor of the sensor rotor 16 are completely opposed to each other, the V-phase inductance value changes so as to become maximum. Similarly, the inductance value of the W-phase coil changes by 120 degrees in electrical angle from the inductance characteristic of the V-phase coil as shown in FIG. As described above, the sensor stator 15
Inductor A, that is, the magnetic teeth 15a and the inductor of the sensor rotor 16, that is, the magnetic teeth 16a are opposed to each other, and when the magnetic teeth are opposed to each other, the inductance value of the coil 12 is smaller. Since the maximum change occurs, if such a change in inductance is measured, the timing at which each phase of the rotating electric machine should be excited can be determined.

Embodiment 4 When the number P of phases constituting the rotating electric machine is 3, the number of stator poles for the sensor is set to 2 or a multiple of 2, and the output signals of the coil for the sensor are mutually expressed in electrical angles. It is formed so as to have a phase difference of 90 degrees. That is, for example, if the number of phases of the rotating electric machine is 3, and the number of stator poles for the sensor is also 3, the three sensor coils are mutually deflected by 120 electrical degrees as shown in FIG. Therefore, the rotation position of each phase of the rotating electrical machine can be detected. In contrast, when formed as described above,
The output signal waveform of each sensor coil becomes a sine waveform as shown in FIG. 6 and has a phase difference of 90 degrees from each other.
The output signal is used as a sin θ value and a cos α value, and a three-phase signal having a phase difference of 120 degrees is created by an operation using the characteristics of the trigonometric function. Therefore, the stator pole position for the sensor and the stator pole position of the rotating electric machine main body are fixed by the three-phase signal, and thus the stator pole position is detected.

Embodiment 5: In each of the above embodiments, the inductor of the sensor stator and the inductor or the permanent magnet of the sensor rotor face each other on the rotation axis. A fifth embodiment which is another configuration example will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 7 is a vertical cross-sectional front view of the rotating electric machine in the sensor component, and 17 is a sensor stator to which the sensor described in the first embodiment is mounted or a coil described in the second embodiment is mounted. This is a sensor stator having a shape corresponding to the sensor stator. FIG. 7 shows a view in which the coil is formed. However, as shown in FIG. 2, even if the yoke portion is narrowed and a magnetically sensitive element such as a Hall element is mounted instead of the coil, as described later, Corresponding structures of the rotation detection target can be used similarly. 18
In the case where the sensor rotor 17 corresponds to a sensor stator having a magnetically sensitive element mounted thereon, the N pole of the permanent magnet and the S
In the case where the sensor rotor is formed by alternately forming the poles and the sensor stator 17 corresponds to the sensor stator having the coil mounted thereon, as shown in the third embodiment, the magnetic pole as the inductor is provided at the tip end. It becomes a rotor for the sensor with teeth formed.
Other symbols are the same as those in FIG. That is, in the present embodiment, the sensor mounted on the sensor stator is the side of the magnetic teeth formed on the sensor stator,
It is configured to detect a change in a magnetic pole or an inductor formed at the tip of the corresponding sensor rotor via a predetermined air gap. Therefore, it is natural that each magnetic pole, inductor, and the like are formed in an appropriate shape so that the sensor mounted on the sensor stator can efficiently detect the target object.

Embodiment 6 In each of the first to third embodiments, the inductor of the stator for the sensor and the inductor or the permanent magnet of the rotor for the sensor face each other on the same circumference. In the fifth embodiment, an example in which the sensor stator and the sensor rotor are opposed to each other on the side surface has been described. However, another embodiment 6 will be described with reference to FIG. 8, FIG. 8A is a vertical sectional front view of the rotating electric machine in the sensor component section, and FIG. 8B is a front view of the sensor system section. FIG. 2C is a development view of the main part, and FIG. 2D is a side view of the sensor unit. In the figure, reference numeral 27 denotes a sensor stator to which the sensor described in the first embodiment is mounted, and a protrusion 23 having a predetermined number of main poles or a proportional number of the rotating electric machine is formed on the side surface in a circumferential shape. The coil 22 is formed as a magnetic pole, and the coil 22 is wound as a sensor with a set of a predetermined number of magnetic poles.
Reference numeral 28 denotes a sensor rotor as a measured object made of a magnetic material fixed to a rotating shaft. Nr or a predetermined number of slits 24 provided in a number proportional to Nr are formed on the sensor stator 27. The formed projection 23 and coil 22
Is provided in correspondence with. That is, in the same figure, a sensor stator in which the coil 22 is mounted opposite to the slit portion through a predetermined air gap in the axial direction of the slit portion formed on the side of the sensor rotor 28 is formed. It is. That is, similarly to the above-described third embodiment, the change in the inductance value of the coil can be sensed to obtain the rotational position information of the rotor.

Embodiment 7 In Embodiment 6 described above, an example was described in which a sensor rotor was formed as an object to be measured, but another embodiment 7 will be described. Although the detailed illustration is omitted, the rotor core 4 shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 is made of a magnetic material, and Nr slits or integer multiples thereof are provided concentrically at least near one end of one side thereof. Like the sensor stator shown in FIG. 7, a sensor stator in which a coil is mounted facing the slit via a predetermined air gap in the axial direction of the slit is formed. . That is, the rotor of the rotary electric machine itself is used as the rotation detection target, and the rotation position information of the rotor can be obtained by detecting a change in the inductance value of the coil as in the third embodiment.

Eighth Embodiment With reference to FIG. 9, a description will be given of an eighth embodiment in which a rotating electric machine with a sensor is miniaturized and the positioning of the rotating electric machine portion, a rotating body for a sensor, and a stator for a sensor is facilitated. The description of the element functions described up to the seventh embodiment is omitted. In FIG. 9, 51 is a stator, 52 is a coil, 55 is a rotating shaft, 56 is an output side cover, 57 is a non-output side cover, 58 is a bearing, and 59 is a rotor. Reference numeral 61A denotes a sensor stator pole fixed between the stator 51 and a coil 62 serving as a sensor wound thereon. Reference numeral 63 denotes a sensor pole for forming a rotation detection object, which will be described in detail later. It is a rotor.

Although not shown, Nr or an integral multiple of the same number of magnetic teeth is formed as an inductor on the outer periphery of the sensor rotor 63 as in the above-described embodiments, and each sensor stator pole 61A is formed. Are formed in a number corresponding to the size of the magnetic teeth, that is, the pitch. As shown in the figure, the outer diameter of the rotor 59 of the rotating electric machine itself is D1,
When the outside diameter of the rotor is D2 and the outside diameter of the sensor rotor is D3, D1>D2> D3 (4A), and the magnetic teeth formed outside the rotor 59 The magnetic teeth serving as inductors formed outside the sensor rotor 63 are fixed by being deviated by a predetermined angle θr about the center of rotation, and are integrally assembled. In the above structure, when the bearing 58 has a thrust bearing function, if the inside diameter of the bearing 58 mounting hole formed in the non-output side cover 57 is D2 ', then D1>D2'> D3. ... (4B)

To assemble as shown in the above figure, the stator 51
And the sensor stator 61 are positioned and fixed with an appropriately configured jig with the non-output side cover 57 interposed therebetween.
Also, the rotor 59 of the rotating electric machine itself and the rotor 6 for the sensor are used.
3 is fixed to the rotary shaft 55 with the bearing 58 being in the middle and the position being adjusted by a jig. Thereafter, the rotating shaft 55 configured as described above is moved from the left side as shown
7, the bearing 58 is fixed to the output side cover 56, and the bearing 58 is fixed to the output side cover 56 so as to pass through the rotating shaft 55, so that the output side cover 56 is not shown on the stator 51 and the non-output side cover 57. Secure with screws.

Embodiment 9: Referring to FIGS. 10 and 11,
A ninth embodiment in which a slit is formed in the core of the rotor of the rotating electric machine itself will be described. The main elements of the motor are shown in Fig. 1,
The same reference numerals as in FIG. 2 are assigned and the description is omitted. In FIGS. 10 and 11, as shown in FIG. 1, as shown in FIG. 1, permanent magnets N and S poles are alternately 32-pole magnetized outside the rotor 93 in the rotation direction parallel to the rotation axis, as in FIG. 1. I have. Core 94
As in the case of other rotary electric machines, magnetic thin iron plates are punched out and laminated and fixed to the rotating shaft 5. The core 94 has 16 slits, a-
1, a-2,..., An,..., A-16, and three slits b-1, b-2, and b-3 are provided at equal intervals therein. Further, the slits a-1 and b-1
Is formed on a radius connecting the centers of the cores, and a slit C is further provided inside. The number of slits does not correspond to the number described above, but corresponds to the number of phases and the number of main poles as a rotating electric machine, and a rotor position for determining a timing for supplying an exciting current to each coil is desired. It is only necessary to be able to measure with high accuracy. As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the output side cover 6 and the non-output side cover 7 can detect light passing through the slits a-1 to a-16, b-1 to b-3, and C. As an optical sensor, a predetermined number of light-emitting elements 97 such as semiconductor lasers and light-receiving elements 98 are mounted so as to correspond to the stator pole positions of the rotating electric machine so as to obtain necessary accuracy. That is, this embodiment also
The rotor of the rotating electric machine itself forms the detected body to be rotated.

In the above structure, when the rotating electric machine is driven and the rotor 93 rotates, the light emitting element 97 and the light receiving element 98
The slit formed in the rotor 93 is intermittently formed by the light beam formed by. Therefore, in front of the optical sensor, the slits a-1 to a-1 are used.
When a-16 passes, the rotation speed of the rotary electric machine can be measured from the passing pitch, and the slit b
When -1 to b-3 pass, from the passing timing,
The timing to excite each stator pole can be determined, and when the slit C passes in front of the optical sensor, a corresponding predetermined stator pole, for example, a U-phase stator pole, should be excited from the passage timing. Timing can be determined. In the above, the timing at which the V-phase stator pole should be excited can be determined from the passage of any of the slits b-1 to b-3 coming after the passage of the slit C, and the W-phase stator pole should be excited. The timing can be determined from the passage of any one of the slits b-1 to b-3 coming second through the slit C.

The arrangement of the slits shown in FIG. 10 is an example, and the arrangement of the optical sensors is such that the positions of the stator poles can be directly detected, and the positions of the stator poles can be directly detected from a combination of a plurality of slits formed on the same diameter. What is necessary is just to form suitably according to it. In addition, corresponding to the required detection accuracy of each stator pole position, an optical sensor corresponding to the same stator pole position is appropriately arranged on the same circumference, and a plurality of detected signals are logically added, for example. For example, a process corresponding to the logic of the sensing system configuration may be performed. Further, in the above description, the light source and the light receiving element are made to correspond one-to-one. However, it is obvious that one or both may be made common and discriminated by optical processing.

Embodiment 10 Although an illustration is omitted in detail, an embodiment 10 using an optical sensor different from the embodiment 9 will be described. That is, in the ninth embodiment, the example in which the rotor itself of the rotating electric machine is formed on the rotation detection body has been described. However, in the present embodiment, as described in the third embodiment, Nr pieces or Nr A disk formed with multiple gear-shaped small teeth is used as a rotation detection object, and the rotor is fixed to the rotation body via a predetermined air gap, and the light emission function is sandwiched between the small teeth of the disk. An optical sensor is formed by forming a light receiving function. Also in the case of the present embodiment, not only the small teeth are formed around the disk but also the slits may be appropriately formed, the small teeth and the slits may be combined, and the optical sensor may be configured correspondingly. .

Embodiment 11: Next, an example of means for detecting a rotor position by a sensor configured as described in each of the above embodiments and supplying an exciting current to a corresponding phase circuit of the rotating electric machine will be described. A description will be given of the third embodiment using a coil as a sensor with reference to FIGS. FIG. 12 shows an example of a circuit configuration relating to a means for detecting a rotor position and supplying an exciting current to a corresponding phase circuit of the rotating electric machine, and FIG. 13 shows an operation performed by the circuit shown in FIG. This is shown by a flow diagram in which the horizontal axis represents time. In FIG. 12, 31U, 31V, 31W
Are the U-phase and V-phase respectively configured as the sensors described above,
This is a W-phase coil. 32a to 32c are transistors for each phase, 33a to 33c are first comparators for each phase, 34a to 34c are fixed resistors for each phase,
35a to 35c are second comparators having functions described later, and 36 is each phase excitation winding 37U of the rotating electric machine.
Drivers for supplying current to 7 V and 37 W are collectively shown.

Each of the first comparators 33a to 33c receives a reference signal Vt for setting a chopping width, that is, a chopping frequency in correspondence with the signal amplitude.
Therefore, each of the transistors 32a to 32c and each of the comparators 33a to 33c use the reference signal Vt as shown in FIG.
The chopping current it shown in FIG. 13A shows the inductance change value of the predetermined phase coil, FIG. 13B shows the chopping current it described above,
12C shows a waveform of the chopping current Rt formed via a waveform shaping circuit not shown in FIG. 12, and FIG. 10D shows a waveform shaping circuit also omitted in FIG. Shows the waveforms of the constant-width pulses Rr having a frequency synchronized with the shaping chopping current Rt for obtaining a preset optimum rotor position measured in advance.

As shown in FIG. 13B, in each phase, the chopping current it changes corresponding to the inductance change shown in FIG. That is, the coil inductance changes and the circuit time constant changes depending on the positional relationship between the coil and the magnetic teeth formed on the rotating member, and the chopping current waveform changes. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 13C and 13D, the pulse width changes according to the inductance value. Therefore, the chopping current Rt converted from the chopping current it shown in FIG.
From the constant width pulse shown in FIG. 4D to the timing when the time width of the shaping current Rt and the constant width pulse Rr are substantially equal to the next time, the second comparators 35a to 35c use the second comparators 35a to 35c. continue,
A next phase excitation signal Pt for each phase shown in FIG. Alternatively, an alternating voltage of a predetermined frequency or a chopping signal may be applied to the coil, and a change in reactance accompanying a change in inductance of the coil may be detected by an amplitude change or a phase deviation. The above is an example of using the change in coil inductance as a sensor,
To achieve the object, an arbitrary circuit may be set. For example, the chopping current it may be integrated. Means for using the magnetically sensitive element or the light receiving element as a sensor may be a signal conversion circuit corresponding to each element, and may be configured in accordance with the above, and a description thereof will be omitted.

In the above description, a three-phase six-pole motor has been described as an object to which the present invention is applied. However, in the case of a multi-pole motor such as a 100-pole motor, the same means is applied to the structure of the rotating electric machine. And can be applied appropriately. Further, corresponding to the structure of the multi-pole motor, the type of the sensor, the mounting structure, and the structure of the object to be rotated may be selected and set by referring to an appropriate embodiment from the various embodiments described above. Is natural.

[0042]

The multi-phase rotating electric machine and the sensing method according to the present invention are constructed and operated as described above, and have the following excellent effects. (1) Magnetic sensitive elements and coils such as inexpensive Hall elements,
The optical sensor is replaced with the stator of the rotating electric machine itself and parts of the rotor,
Alternatively, it can be used as a high-precision sensor for controlling a closed-loop of a multi-pole rotating electric machine while having a simple structure with a similar structure that can use the processing means. (2) If the sensor uses the magnetic detection function and the stator for the sensor has pole teeth as inductors, the rotor magnetic flux is guided to these pole teeth, and it is collected and applied to the magnetically sensitive element or coil. Since the magnetic change can be detected by guiding, the desired measurement accuracy can be obtained without special consideration as the mounting position accuracy of the sensor. (3) When the periphery of the sensor rotor is formed in a gear shape, the material may be an inexpensive magnetic iron plate, and highly stable positioning that is hardly affected by temperature or the like can be performed. (4) If a slit is provided in the core of the cylindrical magnet type rotor and the rotor itself is used as the rotation detection object, the induction speed voltage may not be used without configuring a special sensor rotor. In addition, the rotor position can be accurately detected from the start. (5) When the inductance change of the coil is used as the sensor, the rotor position can be detected with a desired accuracy with a simple structure and configuration. (6) When the means described in claim 10 or 11 is applied,
Positioning of the main pole of the stator of the rotating electric machine itself and the stator pole for the sensor, positioning of the rotor for the sensor, etc. can be easily performed by simple means, and assembly of the rotating electric machine incorporating the sensing system can be easily performed. .

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional front view of a rotating electric machine illustrating Embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of a sensor stator and a sensor rotor for describing a sensor system according to Embodiments 1 and 2 shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the rotating electric machine to which Embodiment 1 of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional front view of a rotating electric machine illustrating a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a front view of a sensor stator and a sensor rotor illustrating a sensor system according to a third embodiment shown in FIG. 4;

6A and 6B are explanatory diagrams for explaining the operation of the third embodiment. FIG. 6A is a diagram showing the relative positions of a U-phase sensor stator pole, a coil, and a sensor rotor, and FIG. , Same figure (C)
(D) is a diagram showing a change in each of the U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase coil inductances.

FIG. 7 is a vertical sectional front view of a main part for describing a configuration of a sensor system for a rotating electric machine according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a view for explaining a sixth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 (A) is a vertical sectional front view of a rotating electric machine according to the sixth embodiment, and FIG. 8 (B) is a front view of a sensor portion. (C) is a development view of the sensor portion, and (D) is a side view of the sensor portion.

FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional front view of a rotating electric machine illustrating an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a sensor system according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention.

11 is a vertical sectional front view of a rotating electric machine illustrating a sensor system according to a ninth embodiment shown in FIG.

FIG. 12 is a block circuit diagram showing a circuit configuration for explaining a sensing system using a coil as a sensor according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention.

13 is a time flow chart showing a sensing function according to a block diagram for explaining the function of the eleventh embodiment shown in FIG. 12, wherein FIG. 13A is a diagram showing a change in inductance of a predetermined phase coil, and FIG. FIG. 3C is a waveform diagram of the chopping current Rt, FIG. 3D is a waveform diagram of the shaping chopping current Rr, and FIG. 3E is a waveform diagram of the next-phase excitation signal Pt.

FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a stator and a rotor of a rotary electric machine for explaining an example of means for detecting position information of the rotor for a conventional closed-loop control rotary electric machine.

FIG. 15 is a perspective view of a stator and a rotor of a rotating electric machine illustrating another example of means for detecting the position information of the rotor for a conventional closed-loop controlled rotating electric machine, and FIG. FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram together with a block circuit diagram.

[Explanation of symbols]

1, 1A, 51: Stator 2, 52: Coil (winding) 3, 93: Rotor 4, 94: Yoke 5, 55: Rotating shaft 6, 56: Output side cover 7, 57: Non-output side cover 8 58: Bearing 9: Gear-shaped magnetic material for HB type rotor 10: Permanent magnet for HB type rotor 11, 15, 17, 61: Sensor stator 11A, 15A: Sensor stator pole 11a, 15a: pole Tooth (inductor) 11b, 15b: Yoke 12, 31U, 31V, 31W: Sensor coil 13, 16, 18, 28, 63, 93: Sensor rotator (rotated object) 14: Sensor rotator Yoke 32: Transistor 33.35: Comparator 34: Fixed resistor 36: Driver 37U, 37V, 37W: Rotating electric machine excitation coil 97: Light emitting element 98: Light receiving element a-1 to a-16, b-1 b-3, C: slit U1, U2, U3: magnetically sensitive elements (Hall elements)

Claims (15)

[Claims] 1. A main body comprising a plurality of magnetic teeth provided at a tip end thereof, wherein windings for excitation are wound around each of the windings for centrifugal arrangement from the substantially annular magnetic body surface to the center of the circle. A gear-shaped magnetic body 2 having Nr magnetic teeth in the rotation direction by providing a predetermined air gap between the stator having the poles formed thereon and the magnetic tooth surfaces of the stator.
Hybrid type rotor in which permanent magnets magnetized in the axial direction are sandwiched between them, or cylindrical permanent magnet type in which Nr N poles and S poles of the same number are alternately formed in a cylindrical shape in the rotation direction In a rotating electric machine provided with a rotor rotatably supported, the number of phases or the number of phases that form the rotating electric machine at a constant pitch from the surface of the annular magnetic body connected to the substantially stator toward the center of the circle. A stator pole for a sensor, which is an integral multiple of the above, is disposed, a sensor is attached to a predetermined position of the stator pole for the sensor, an inductor is formed at the tip, and a stator is provided with a predetermined air gap. A predetermined air gap is provided between the stator for the sensor and the inductor of the pole for the stator for the sensor, and a rotation detection body corresponding to the sensor is formed in the direction of rotation fixed to the rotating shaft. A multi-pole rotating electric machine characterized by the following. 2. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein the number of phases or the number of phases that form the rotating electrical machine at a constant pitch from the surface of the annular magnetic body connected to the stator of the rotating electrical machine toward the center of the circle at a constant pitch. A stator pole for a sensor, which is an integral multiple of the sensor pole, is provided, a magnetically sensitive element is mounted as a sensor at a predetermined position on each of the stator poles for the sensor, an inductor is formed at the tip end, and a predetermined air A stator for a sensor configured through a gap, and a magnetic tooth of Nr or an integral multiple of Nr coaxially with the rotor of the rotary electric machine via a predetermined air gap corresponding to an inductor of the stator for the sensor. Or a hybrid rotor for sensors in which a permanent magnet magnetized in the axial direction is sandwiched between two gear-shaped magnetic bodies having the following structure, or Nr pole pairs or an integral multiple of Nr coaxially with the rotor of the rotary electric machine. N pole, S pole same number of permanent The rotation detection object is formed by a permanent magnet rotor for a sensor in which stones are alternately formed in a cylindrical shape, and the position of the rotor is detected by the magnetic sensing element detecting a magnetic pole formed on the rotor for the sensor. A multi-pole rotating electric machine characterized by being formed as follows. Here, Nr = m (Pn ± 1) or Nr = m (2Pn ± 1) / 2 Further, an integer m ≧ 2, an integer n ≧ 1, and P is the number of phases of the rotary electric machine. 3. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein the number of phases or the number of phases that form the rotating electrical machine at a constant pitch from the surface of the annular magnetic body connected to the stator of the rotating electrical machine toward the center of the circle. A sensor stator pole of an integral multiple of is provided, a coil is wound as a sensor at a predetermined position of each of the sensor stator poles, an inductor is formed at the tip, and a predetermined number of poles are formed in parallel with the stator. A sensor stator formed through an air gap; and a magnet, Nr or an integral multiple of Nr, coaxial with the rotor of the rotary electric machine through a predetermined air gap corresponding to the inductor of the sensor stator. The rotation detection object is formed by a sensor rotor formed of a gear-shaped magnetic material having teeth, and the position of the rotor is changed by changing the inductance of the coil depending on the presence or absence of magnetic teeth formed on the sensor rotor. To Multipolar rotary electric machine, characterized in that so as to knowledge. Here, Nr = m (Pn ± 1) or Nr = m (2Pn ± 1) / 2 Further, an integer m ≧ 2, an integer n ≧ 1, and P is the number of phases of the rotary electric machine. 4. The rotating electric machine according to claim 3, wherein when the number P of phases constituting the rotating electric machine is 3, the number of stator poles for the sensor is 2 or a multiple of 2, and the output signal of the coil for the sensor is provided. Are formed so as to have a phase difference of 90 degrees from each other in electrical angle. 5. The rotating electric machine according to claim 1, wherein the stator stator poles formed on the rotating electric machine correspond to the magnetic poles formed on the stator of the multi-pole rotating electric machine. And a plurality of predetermined number of magnetic teeth forming a plurality of inductors are provided at an equal pitch in correspondence with the number of magnetic pole pairs or the number of magnetic teeth formed on the rotation detection target. Electric machine. 6. The rotating electric machine according to claim 1, wherein the inductor at the tip of the stator pole for the sensor formed in the rotating electric machine and the rotation detection object fixed to the rotating shaft are fixed. A multi-pole rotating electric machine formed to face each other on the same circumference via an air gap. 7. The rotating electric machine according to claim 1, wherein the inductor at the tip of the stator pole for the sensor formed in the rotating electric machine and the rotation detection object fixed to the rotating shaft are respectively provided. A multi-pole rotating electric machine wherein side surfaces are formed to face each other via a predetermined air gap. 8. The rotating electric machine according to claim 1, wherein Nr or a predetermined number of shapes proportional to Nr are formed in a core formed between a cylindrical permanent magnet formed on a rotor of the rotating electric machine and the rotating shaft. The core is used as a rotating object to be detected, and the number of phases or an integral multiple of the number of phases forming the rotating electric machine is fixed to the rotating object via a predetermined air gap with respect to the rotating object. Magnetic teeth for forming a plurality of predetermined inductors having a shape corresponding to the slit are formed at predetermined positions of the end faces of the respective sensor stator poles. A multi-pole rotating electric machine wherein an inductor is formed by winding, and the position of the rotor is detected by changing the inductance of the coil depending on the presence or absence of a slit formed in the sensor rotor. However, Nr = m (Pn ± 1) or Nr = m (2Pn ± 1) / 2 Further, an integer m ≧ 2, an integer n ≧ 1, and P is the number of stator phases. 9. The multi-pole rotating electric machine according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic pole formed on the rotor and the magnetic pole or the magnetic tooth formed on the sensor rotor. Θr is the position deviation in the rotor direction from the rotor, and the position deviation in the rotor rotation direction between the magnetic teeth forming the stator main pole of an arbitrary phase and the magnetic teeth forming the corresponding inductor of the sensor stator. Is θs, and is formed so as to satisfy the following expression. However, 0 ≦ θr ≦ 360 / Nr 0 ≦ θs ≦ 360 / PNr Nr is the number of rotor pole pairs P is the number of stator phases θr = 0 when θr = 0, θs ≠ 0 when θs = 0, θr ≠ 0 It is. 10. The rotating electric machine according to claim 1, wherein an outer diameter of a rotor of the rotating electric machine is D1, an outer diameter of a non-output shaft side bearing of the rotating electric machine is D2, and a sensor. The outer diameter of the rotor for use is D3, and D1, D2, and D3 are formed so as to satisfy the following expression.
A multi-pole rotating electric machine, wherein a pair of a sensor stator and a sensor rotor is formed outside a bearing on the opposite side of an output shaft of the rotating electric machine. D1>D2> D3 11. The rotating electric machine according to claim 1, wherein the outer diameter of the rotor of the rotating electric machine is D1, and the inner diameter of the non-output shaft side bearing mounting hole of the rotating electric machine is D2 '. The outer diameter of the sensor rotor is D3, and D1, D2 'and D3 are formed so as to satisfy the following expression, and the pair of the sensor stator and the sensor rotor is connected to the opposite output shaft of the rotating electric machine. A multi-pole rotating electric machine formed outside a side bearing. D1> D2 '> D3 12. A main body in which a plurality of predetermined magnetic teeth are provided at an end portion of a substantially annular magnetic body, which are arranged centrifugally and equidistantly from the inner surface of the magnetic body to each other, and each of which is wound with an exciting winding. A gear-shaped magnetic body 2 having Nr magnetic teeth in the rotation direction by providing a predetermined air gap between the stator having the poles formed thereon and the magnetic tooth surfaces of the stator.
Hybrid type rotor in which permanent magnets magnetized in the axial direction are sandwiched between them, or cylindrical permanent magnet type in which Nr N poles and S poles of the same number are alternately formed in a cylindrical shape in the rotation direction Rotor,
In a rotating electric machine rotatably supported, Nr pieces or Nr that penetrate the rotor concentrically in the axial direction.
Or a number of slits in proportion to the number of rotations, or a gear-like rotating body having Nr or a number of small teeth in proportion to the rotation direction in the rotation direction to form a rotation detection object, A multi-pole rotating electric machine characterized in that an optical sensor is provided at a position corresponding to a main pole formed on the stator, penetrating the gap between the small teeth, and detecting the slit position by the optical sensor. Here, Nr = m (Pn ± 1) or Nr = m (2Pn ± 1) / 2 Further, an integer m ≧ 2, an integer n ≧ 1, and P is the number of phases of the rotary electric machine. 13. A rotating electric machine in which the coil according to claim 1 or 3 to 11 is formed as a sensor, wherein the sensor coil is formed in a chopping circuit, and a chopping cycle or a duty cycle caused by a change in the sensor coil inductance. A sensing method for a multi-pole rotating electrical machine, characterized in that a change in the rotation is detected to obtain position information of the rotor. 14. A rotating electric machine in which the coil according to claim 1 or 3 to 11 is formed as a sensor, wherein an alternating voltage is supplied to the sensor coil to detect a change in current value due to a change in coil inductance. A method of sensing a multi-pole rotating electric machine, wherein the position information of the rotor is obtained. 15. A rotating electric machine in which the magnetically sensitive element according to claim 1, 2 or 5 to 11 is formed as a sensor, wherein a Hall element is used as the magnetically sensitive element. Sensing method for polar rotating electrical machines.