JP2000346531A - Refrigerator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a refrigerator in which it is suitable for storage of foods and is capable of preventing any due from being deposited on a wall surface. SOLUTION: Cold air ducts 21, 23, 25 are provided in a cabinet 3 constructed with a heat insulation box, and an R fan 17 and an R evaporator 13 are provided on a lower portion of a rear cooling wall 20. When the R fan 17 is positively rotated, cold air is flowed to the respective cold air ducts 21, 23, 25 as a serial system while when the R fan 17 is oppositely rotated, cold air is blown out from a lower opening 26 opened through the rear cooling wall 20 into a refrigeration chamber 5 as an indirect cooling system.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a refrigerator for home or business use.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a refrigerator is cooled by a direct cooling method in which the inside of the refrigerator is cooled by cooling the wall surface of the refrigerator, or a method in which cool air is directly sent into the refrigerator by a fan to cool the refrigerator. There is a cooling system.

[0003]

In the above-mentioned intercooling method,
There is a problem that the cold air comes into direct contact with the food, causing the food to dry, which is not preferable for preserving the food.

[0004] On the other hand, the direct cooling system is suitable for preserving food because cold air does not directly touch the food, but cannot cope with the rapid cooling when the temperature in the refrigerator rises directly at the time of feeding the food. Also, frost on the cooling wall may occur,
There is a problem that a low-temperature room around 3 ° C. cannot be made.

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a refrigerator suitable for preserving food and capable of preventing dew on the wall surface.

[0006]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a refrigerator including an evaporator and a cool air fan for circulating cool air cooled by the evaporator in a cabinet formed of a heat insulating box. , At least a refrigerator compartment is formed inside the cabinet, and a cool air duct of cold air circulated by the cool air fan is provided inside the wall of the refrigerator compartment, and the wall of the refrigerator compartment corresponding to the cool air duct is a cooling surface to the refrigerator compartment. A refrigerator,
The cool air fan is free to rotate forward and reverse, and a cool air opening that opens to the refrigerator compartment is provided below the evaporator.When the cool air fan rotates forward, the cool air flows from the evaporator to the cool air duct, and when the cool air fan rotates reversely. The cool air flows from the evaporator through the cool air opening into the refrigerator compartment.

[0007] The refrigerator according to the second aspect of the present invention is the refrigerator according to the first aspect, in which the cool air does not flow into the refrigerator compartment at the time of normal rotation and the cool air flows into the refrigerator compartment at the time of reverse rotation. The direction in which the cool air flows into the cool air opening is different from the direction in which the cool air flows out of the cool air opening during the reverse rotation.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a refrigerator according to the first aspect, further comprising: an air temperature sensor in the refrigerator compartment for detecting an air temperature in the refrigerator compartment; and a wall surface temperature sensor for detecting a wall temperature in a cold air duct in the refrigerator compartment. The normal rotation or reverse rotation of the cool air fan is determined according to the air temperature detected by the air temperature sensor, the wall surface temperature detected by the wall temperature sensor, and the set temperature in the refrigerator.

A refrigerator according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is the refrigerator according to the first aspect, wherein a low-temperature chamber having a lower internal temperature than the normal internal temperature of the refrigerator is provided in the refrigerator, and the low-temperature chamber is turned on when the cool air fan rotates normally. The cool air flows from a cold air duct located.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the refrigerator according to the fourth aspect, the low-temperature chamber is provided with a cool air inlet through which cool air exiting the evaporator flows, and a cool air outlet communicating with the cool air duct. It is.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a refrigerator according to the first aspect, wherein a beam having a function of reinforcing the cold air duct and a function of making the distribution of the flow velocity of the cold air flowing in the cold air duct uniform is provided in the cold air duct in the refrigerator compartment. It is a thing.

A refrigerator according to a seventh aspect is the refrigerator according to the first aspect, wherein the evaporator is provided at a lower rear portion of the refrigerator compartment.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the refrigerator of the seventh aspect, anti-fog treatment such as hydrophilicity and water-repellent treatment is applied to the surface of the cool air duct near the evaporator.

A refrigerator according to a ninth aspect is the refrigerator according to the seventh aspect, wherein fins are provided on the surface of the cool air duct near the evaporator.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the refrigerator according to the first aspect, a shelf on which food in the refrigerator compartment is placed is formed of a good heat conductive material, and the shelf is fixed in contact with a cool air duct.

[0016] An eleventh aspect of the present invention is the refrigerator according to the first aspect, wherein an evaporator and a cool air fan are provided in an upper portion of the refrigerator compartment.

According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a refrigerator in which a cool air duct is provided in a rear wall of a refrigerator and cool air ducts are provided in both side walls of the refrigerator.

A refrigerator according to a thirteenth aspect is the refrigerator according to the twelfth aspect, wherein a cool air duct is provided in a ceiling wall of the refrigerator compartment.

A refrigerator according to a fourteenth aspect is the refrigerator according to the twelfth aspect, wherein a cool air duct is provided in a door of the refrigerator compartment.

In the refrigerator according to the first aspect of the present invention, a direct cooling system is used in which the refrigerator is cooled through the cool air duct when the cool air fan is normally rotated. Therefore, the cold air does not directly contact the food, and the drying of the food does not hasten. In addition, when the cool air fan is rotating in reverse, the cooling method is used while cooling air is directly sent into the refrigerator room, so rapid cooling can be performed even if the temperature inside the refrigerator room rises, such as when food is introduced. it can.

According to the refrigerator of the second aspect, when the cooling fan is rotating normally, the cool air does not flow into the refrigerator compartment, so that the cool air does not touch the food. Further, when the cooling fan is rotating in the reverse direction, cool air can be sent into the refrigerator compartment, and food in the refrigerator compartment can be cooled.

In the refrigerator according to the third aspect, the cooling fan is rotated forward or backward based on the air temperature detected by the air temperature sensor and the wall temperature detected by the wall temperature sensor.
The refrigerator compartment can be maintained at the set temperature.

According to the refrigerator of the present invention, since the cool air flows from the cool air duct located in the low temperature room when the cooling fan rotates forward, the low temperature room can be cooled more than other parts of the refrigerator room.

In the refrigerator according to the fifth aspect, since the cool air that has exited the evaporator flows directly into the low-temperature room, the low-temperature room can be maintained at a lower temperature.

In the refrigerator according to the sixth aspect, the reinforcing component of the cool air duct and the cool air rectifying component can be made the same, so that the number of components can be reduced.

According to the refrigerator of the present invention, since the evaporator is located at the back of the refrigerator compartment, a portion having the lowest temperature is formed in the vicinity of an invisible portion, and this portion can be used as a dew portion. it can.

According to the refrigerator of the eighth aspect, the defrosting treatment of the frosted wall surface is facilitated.

According to the refrigerator of the ninth aspect, dew condensation can be promoted at the position of the fin.

In the refrigerator according to the tenth aspect, since the shelf cools well, the cooling speed of the food placed on the shelf can be increased.

In the refrigerator according to the eleventh aspect, by placing the evaporator on the ceiling portion of the inconvenient refrigerator, the convenient place can be set as the food placing portion.

In the refrigerator according to the twelfth aspect, since the cool air duct is provided on the rear wall and both side walls, the refrigerator compartment can be cooled from three directions.

In the refrigerator according to the thirteenth aspect, the refrigerator compartment can be cooled from the ceiling wall.

In the refrigerator according to the fourteenth aspect, since the cold air duct is provided in the door, the food placed on the door can be cooled, and the food can be cooled from the front of the refrigerator compartment. it can.

[0034]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS First Embodiment A refrigerator 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

1. Structure of Refrigerator 1 FIG. 1A shows a longitudinal sectional view of a refrigerator 1 of the present embodiment,
FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 1, the cabinet 3 of the refrigerator 1 is formed of an insulated box, specifically, an outer box and an inner box are combined, and a heat insulating urethane foam is inserted between the inner box and the outer box. Injected.

Inside the cabinet 3, a refrigerator compartment 5, a vegetable compartment 7, and a freezing compartment 9 are provided from the top. Further, a heat insulating partition 8 is provided between the vegetable room 7 and the freezing room 9.

A door 11 which can be opened and closed is provided at the front of each room.
Are provided respectively.

A refrigerator evaporator (hereinafter referred to as R-eva) 13 is provided at the rear of the vegetable compartment 7, and a cool air circulation fan (hereinafter referred to as R) for circulating cool air is provided above the R-eva 13. 17).

A freezing evaporator (hereinafter referred to as F eva) 15 is also provided behind the freezing compartment 9, and a refrigeration cool air circulating fan (not shown) for sending cool air into the freezing compartment 9 is provided above the F eva 15. Hereinafter, an F fan 19 is provided.

A cool air duct is provided on the inner wall of the refrigerator compartment 5 to the vegetable compartment 7. Hereinafter, the structure will be described in detail.

Cooling walls are provided on a rear wall, a ceiling wall, and both side walls inside the cabinet 3, which is a heat insulating box, so as to form a space through which cool air flows. In the following description, the cooling wall provided on the rear surface is referred to as the rear cooling wall 20.
The duct of the cool air formed between the rear cooling wall 20 and the rear surface of the cabinet 3 is referred to as a post-cool air duct 21.

The cooling wall provided on the ceiling is
The cool air duct provided between the ceiling cooling wall 22 and the cabinet 3 is referred to as a ceiling cool air duct 23. The cooling walls provided on both side walls are called left and right cooling walls 24, and the cool air duct formed between the left and right cooling walls 24 and the side wall of the cabinet 3 is called right and left cold air duct 25. Aluminum or stainless steel can be considered as a material for the cooling walls 20, 22, 24. Note that a synthetic resin may be used.

At the lower part of the rear cool air duct 21 (behind the vegetable compartment 7), the above-mentioned R-eva 13 and R-fan 17 are arranged.

The rear cooling wall 20 located below the R-eva 13
Is provided with a lower opening 26.

The front end of the ceiling cooling duct 23 is open, and an upper opening 27 is formed.

The refrigerator compartment 5 is provided with a plurality of shelves 39,
Food can be placed on it.

[0048] Behind the door 11 of the refrigerator compartment 5 is provided a door pocket 40 for storing eggs, juice and the like.

On the lower left side of the refrigerator compartment 5, the temperature inside the refrigerator is -3.
A partial room 29 which is a low-temperature room which can be set to ° C. is provided, and a chilled room 31 whose inside set temperature is 1 ° C. to 2 ° C. is provided on the right side thereof (see FIG. 4).

Behind and below the partial chamber 29 and the chilled chamber 31, a vertical cool air passage 30 and a horizontal cool air passage 32 through which cool air flows are provided. These vertical and horizontal cold air passages 3
0 and 32 will be described later.

An air temperature sensor S1 for measuring the air temperature inside the refrigerator compartment 5 is provided at the upper rear of the refrigerator compartment 5. Rear cooling wall 2 corresponding to the position of vertical cold air passage 30
0 is provided with a wall temperature sensor S2 for measuring the wall temperature of the cooling wall 20 thereafter.

A case 6 for storing vegetables is provided inside the vegetable room 7. A guide plate 28 is provided behind the vegetable compartment 7 so that the cool air flowing through the horizontal cool air passage 32 reaches the lower opening 26.

2. Structure of Refrigeration Cycle FIG. 11 shows a refrigeration cycle in the refrigerator 1.

The refrigerant sent from the compressor 41 is supplied to the condenser 4
Through two, the three-way valve 43 is reached. One outlet of the three-way valve 43 reaches the R-eva 15 via the freezing room capillary tube 44.

The other outlet of the three-way valve 43 reaches the R-eva 13 through the refrigerating room capillary tube 45. F
The refrigerant that has passed through the evaporator 15 joins the refrigerant from the R evaporator 13 via the check valve 46 and returns to the compressor 41.

3. Next, the flow of cold air in the refrigerator compartment 5 and the vegetable compartment 7 will be described.

(1) Forward Rotation of R Fan 17 The flow of cool air when the R fan 17 is rotating forward will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 4.

When the R fan 17 rotates normally, the cool air cooled by the R fan 13 flows upward along the rear cooling duct 21 and reaches the ceiling cooling duct 23. The cool air reaching the ceiling cooling duct 23 flows into the horizontal cooling ducts 25, 25,
It flows from the upper opening 27 to the front of the refrigerator compartment 5, that is, to the position of the door pocket 40 of the door 11. The cool air that has flowed to the position of the door pocket 40 flows downward, passes through the horizontal cool air passage 32 below the partial chamber 29 and the chilled chamber 31, passes through the inside of the guide plate 28, reaches the lower opening 26, and 1
Come back to 3.

When the cool air flows through the rear cooling duct 21, the ceiling cooling duct 23, and the horizontal cooling ducts 25, 25, the rear cooling wall 20, the ceiling cooling wall 22, and the left and right cooling walls 24, 24 are cooled, respectively. It becomes a cooling wall,
The refrigerator compartment 5 and the vegetable compartment 7 are cooled. Further, since the cool air also flows behind the guide plate 28, the guide plate also serves as a cool air wall to cool the vegetable compartment 7. In this case, the cold air flowing into the refrigerator compartment 5 is removed from the door pocket 40.
Since it flows near and passes through the vertical cold air passage 30, there is no direct contact with food stored in the refrigerator compartment 5 or the vegetable compartment 7.

That is, when the R fan 17 is rotating forward, it is in the direct cooling mode.

The food stored in the door pocket 40 is directly exposed to the cold air, but the food stored in the door pocket 40 is usually made of high humidity, such as eggs, plastic bottles, mayonnaise, juice, and beer. Most of the foods do not have any adverse effects such as drying of foods even if cold air is directly applied. In addition, although it has been difficult for cold air to reach the food stored in this portion in the past, the cold air directly hits the food, so that the food can be cooled effectively.

As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 4, since the cool air immediately after leaving the R-eva 13 flows behind the partial chamber 29 and the chilled chamber 31, this part can be cooled better than other parts. This makes it possible to set the temperature in the refrigerator to -3 ° C. even in the direct cooling system.

When the door 11 is opened, cool air is blown out from the upper opening 27, and this serves as an air curtain effect, so that even when the door 11 is opened, a rise in the temperature inside the refrigerator compartment 11 can be prevented. it can.

(2) At the time of reverse rotation of the R fan 17 Next, the flow of cool air at the time of reverse rotation of the R fan 17 will be described with reference to FIG.

When the R fan 17 rotates in the reverse direction, the cool air that has passed through the R fan 13 is blown out from the lower opening 26, and a part of the cool air flows into the vegetable compartment 7.

The other cool air flows behind the guide plate 28, and does not pass through the horizontal cool air passage 32, but passes through the vertical cool air passage 3.
0 and is blown out into the refrigerator compartment 5.

In this case, the cold air passes through the vertical cool air passage 30 without passing through the horizontal cool air passage 32 because of the pressure distribution. The horizontal cool air passage 32 is bent at a right angle to the exit of the guide plate 28. The vertical cool air passage 30 is straight when viewed from the passage of the guide plate 28, so that the cool air almost flows through the vertical cool air passage 30. Therefore, the cold air passes through the rear of the partial room 29 and the chilled room 31 and from above these rooms the refrigeration room 5.
It will be blown out inside.

Therefore, since the cold air directly hits the food stored in the refrigerator compartment 5, the cold air can be rapidly cooled.

That is, when the R fan 17 rotates in the reverse direction, it is in the intercooling mode.

4. Control Method for R Fan 17 Control Method for Forward and Reverse Rotation of R Fan 17 FIG.
This will be described with reference to FIG.

(1) Normal Operation A case where the refrigerator 1 is controlled to the normal operation will be described with reference to a time chart of FIG.

During normal operation, only the direct cooling system is used, and the intercooling system is not used. That is, the rotation direction of the R fan 17 is only forward rotation. Therefore, the control method in this case is control for rotating or stopping the R fan 17 in the normal direction.

As shown in FIG. 12, the air temperature sensor S1
Rises and reaches the first air upper limit temperature, the R fan 17 is brought into the normal rotation state, and when the air lower limit temperature is reached, the R fan 17 is stopped. Then, this state is continued.

As a result, the interiors of the refrigerator compartment 5 and the vegetable compartment 7 can be kept within the set temperature range (the first upper limit air temperature and the lower limit air temperature), and the cold air does not directly hit the food. The food can be stored at an appropriate temperature without drying.

(2) At the time of feeding food A description will be given of a case where food is fed or the door 11 is opened and closed to raise the temperature in the refrigerator.

In the state of the normal operation described above,
When food is introduced, the air temperature detected by the air temperature sensor rises rapidly. Therefore, the temperature exceeds the second air upper limit temperature higher than the first air upper limit temperature.

In this case, since it is necessary to rapidly freeze the food, the R fan 17 is changed from the normal rotation to the reverse rotation, and the food is cooled by directly sending cold air into the refrigerator compartment 5.

When the air temperature detected by the air temperature sensor reaches the air lower limit temperature, the operation is returned to the normal operation state described above.

Thus, the food can be rapidly cooled by the intercooling method, so that the temperature in the refrigerator can be maintained at a constant temperature.

(3) Countermeasures for supercooling of the wall surface In the case where the food described above is rapidly cooled, the wall surface may fall rapidly thereafter. This case will be described with reference to FIG.

When the wall surface temperature detected by the wall surface temperature sensor S2 has reached the wall surface lower limit temperature, the air temperature sensor S1
Changes the R fan 17 from normal rotation to reverse rotation regardless of the detected air temperature.

As a result, since the cool air does not flow through the cool air duct, the wall surface temperature rises, and it is possible to prevent frost and ice from adhering to the cool wall.

Further, since cold air is blown into the refrigerator compartment 5, the temperature inside the refrigerator compartment 5 does not rise.

5. Countermeasures against dew condensation By arranging the R-eva 13 behind the vegetable room 7, the vicinity of the least visible place becomes the place with the lowest temperature, and this part can be used as the dewed part.

Then, a preferable structure in this case is as follows.
It is good to take measures against frost formation.

As the method, hydrophilic or water-repellent treatment is performed on the surface of the rear cooling wall 20 (specifically, the rear cooling wall 20 located behind the guide plate 28) in the vicinity where the R-eva 13 is provided. .

As a result, the dew or frost adhering to the rear cooling wall 20, which is the coolest part, can easily flow through the rear cooling wall 20, and the drainage process is facilitated.

Further, as a preferred example, in order to further promote dew condensation, as shown in FIG. 7, a plurality of fins 37 project from the rear cooling wall 20 located behind the guide plate 28,
Dew may be promoted on this part.

In this case, the surface of the fin 37 may be subjected to a hydrophilic or water-repellent treatment.

As described above, by actively promoting the dew condensation on a part of the post-cooling wall 20, the dew dew on the other part can be suppressed. The parts that do are not visible and give a good image.

Second Embodiment A refrigerator 1 according to a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

The difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment lies in the structure of the partial chamber 29 and the chilled chamber 31. In this embodiment, the lower and upper rear surfaces of the partial chamber 29 and the chilled chamber 31 are cooled. An air inlet 33 and a cool air outlet 34 are provided. Then, the cool air sent from the R fan 17 enters the partial room 29 and the chilled room 31 via the cool air inlet 33, and the cool air cooled in these rooms returns to the rear cool air duct 21 from the cool air outlet 34.

Thus, the partial chamber 2 can be more reliably
9 and the chilled chamber 31 can be cooled.

Third Embodiment A third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

As shown in FIG. 6, a beam 35 is provided in each of the rear cool air duct 21, the ceiling cool air duct 23, and the left and right cool air ducts 25 along the direction in which the cool air flows. This beam 35 is a cool air rectifying part, and the cool air ducts 21, 23,
It also fulfills the function of 25 reinforcing parts.

Fourth Embodiment A fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

The feature of this embodiment is that the shelf 39 is formed of a member having good thermal conductivity.

Then, the shelf 39 is brought into contact with the rear cooling wall 20. Thereby, the heat of the cold temperature is quickly transmitted to the shelf 39 and further transmitted to the food, so that the food can be further cooled.

As a material of the shelf 39, stainless steel or aluminum can be considered.

Fifth Embodiment A fifth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

This embodiment is characterized in that the R-eva 13 and the R-fan 17 are arranged behind the ceiling of the refrigerator compartment 5.

[0102] As a result, since the R-eva 13 and the R-fan 17 can be arranged behind the upper part of the refrigerator compartment 5 which is the most difficult for the user to use and the other parts can be expanded, the food can be placed at a convenient waist-high position. Space can be increased.

Sixth Embodiment A sixth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

The difference between this embodiment and the fifth embodiment is that R
While evacuating 13 is arranged along the ceiling surface of refrigerator compartment 5,
The compressor 41 is also arranged in the upper rear part of the refrigerator compartment 5. Thereby, the piping configuration of the refrigeration cycle can be made compact.

Seventh Embodiment This embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the inside of the door 11
That is, the front cool air duct 50 which is a cool air duct is provided also in front of the door pocket 40.

As a result, almost no cool air passes through the inside of the refrigerator compartment 11, and the inside of the refrigerator compartment 5 is also cooled by the front cool air duct 50, so that the food inside the refrigerator compartment 11 is not exposed to cold air, Food can be cooled by natural convection and radiation. Therefore, the food does not dry.

Eighth Embodiment An eighth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.

The difference between the present embodiment and the seventh embodiment is that a cool air outlet 52 for blowing cool air into the refrigerator compartment 5 is provided along the edge of the ceiling cooling wall 22.

By providing these cool air outlets 52, cool air is blown out along the walls of the refrigerator compartment 5 without directly applying cold air to the food.
Cold air can be blown out inside to lower the temperature inside the refrigerator. Further, since cool air flows on the surfaces of the rear cooling wall 20 and the left and right cooling walls 24, 24, dew condensation on the wall surface can be prevented. In this case, a gap is provided at the edge of the shelf 39 so that cool air flows.

[0110]

As described above, according to the refrigerator of the present invention, the food can be cooled without drying by cooling the food by heat transfer, natural convection and radiation by using the direct cooling method during normal operation. it can.

When the food is to be cooled rapidly, a direct cooling system in which cold air is blown into the refrigerator compartment allows the food to be cooled quickly.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1A is a longitudinal sectional view of a refrigerator according to a first embodiment. FIG. 2B is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the refrigerator showing a flow of cool air when an R fan is rotating forward.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the refrigerator showing a flow of cool air when the R fan is rotating in reverse.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the refrigerator showing a flow of cool air when the R fan is rotating forward.

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of a refrigerator according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a refrigerator according to a third embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged longitudinal sectional view of a refrigerator according to a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a partially enlarged longitudinal sectional view of a refrigerator according to a fifth embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view of a refrigerator according to a sixth embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view of a refrigerator according to a seventh embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle of a refrigerator.

FIG. 12 is a time chart during normal operation of the refrigerator.

FIG. 13 is a time chart at the time of feeding food.

FIG. 14 is a time chart at the time of coping with supercooling of a wall surface.

FIG. 15 is a plan view of the refrigerator according to the eighth embodiment.

FIG. 16 is a longitudinal sectional view of the refrigerator.

FIG. 17 is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 16;

FIG. 18 is a longitudinal sectional view of a refrigerator according to a ninth embodiment.

FIG. 19 is a sectional view taken along line CC in FIG. 18;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Refrigerator 5 Refrigerating room 13 R eva 17 R fan 20 Rear cooling wall 21 Rear cooling duct 22 Ceiling cooling wall 23 Ceiling cold air duct 24 Left and right cooling wall 25 Left and right cold air duct 26 Lower opening 27 Upper opening 28 Guide plate 30 Vertical cold air passage 32 Horizontal cold air passage

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Tsutomu Sakuma 1-6 Ota Toshiba-cho, Ibaraki-shi, Osaka Inside the Toshiba Osaka Plant Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Takashi Doi 1-6 Ota-Toshiba-cho, Ibaraki-shi, Osaka Inside the Toshiba Osaka Plant (72) Inventor Akihiro Noguchi 1-6 Ota Toshiba-cho, Ibaraki-shi, Osaka Inside the Toshiba Osaka Plant

Claims (14)

[Claims] An evaporator and a cool air fan for circulating cool air cooled by the evaporator are arranged in a cabinet constituted by a heat insulating box, and at least a refrigerator compartment is formed inside the cabinet. Refrigerator with a cold air duct that circulates cold air inside the wall of the cold room, and the wall of the cold room corresponding to this cold air duct is a cooling surface to the cold room. The cold air fan can rotate forward and reverse freely. A cool air opening that opens to the refrigerator compartment is provided below the evaporator, and when the cool air fan rotates forward, the cool air flows from the evaporator to the cool air duct, and when the cool air fan rotates in the reverse direction, the cool air flows from the evaporator to the cool air opening. Refrigerator characterized by flowing through a refrigerator into a refrigerator compartment. In order to prevent cold air from flowing into the refrigerator compartment at the time of normal rotation and to allow cool air to flow into the refrigerator compartment at the time of reverse rotation, the direction of cold air flowing into the cold air opening at the time of normal rotation and the time of reverse rotation are set. 2. The refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein the cold air flows out from the cool air opening in different directions. 3. An air temperature sensor in the refrigerator compartment for detecting an air temperature in the refrigerator compartment, and a wall temperature sensor for detecting a wall temperature in a cold air duct in the refrigerator compartment, wherein the air temperature sensor detects the air temperature. 2. The refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein the normal rotation or the reverse rotation of the cool air fan is determined according to the wall surface temperature detected by the wall surface temperature sensor and the set temperature in the refrigerator compartment. 4. A low-temperature room having a temperature lower than that of a normal refrigerator in the refrigerator, wherein a cool air flows from a cool air duct located in the low-temperature room when the cool air fan rotates normally. The refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein 5. The refrigerator according to claim 4, wherein the low-temperature chamber is provided with a cool air inlet into which cool air exiting the evaporator flows, and a cool air outlet communicating with the cool air duct. 6. The refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein a beam having a function of reinforcing the cold air duct and a function of making the distribution of the flow velocity of the cool air flowing in the cold air duct uniform is provided in the cool air duct in the refrigerator compartment. . 7. The refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein the evaporator is provided at a lower rear portion of the refrigerator compartment. 8. The refrigerator according to claim 7, wherein the surface of the cold air duct near the evaporator is subjected to anti-fog treatment such as hydrophilicity and water-repellent treatment. 9. The refrigerator according to claim 7, wherein fins are provided on a surface of the cool air duct near the evaporator. 10. The refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein a shelf for placing food in the refrigerator compartment is made of a good heat conductive material, and the shelf is fixed in contact with a cool air duct. 11. The refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein an evaporator and a cool air fan are provided at an upper portion of the refrigerator compartment. 12. A refrigerator comprising: a cold air duct provided in a rear wall of a refrigerator; and cold air ducts provided in both side walls of the refrigerator. 13. The refrigerator according to claim 12, wherein a cool air duct is provided in a ceiling wall of the refrigerator compartment. 14. The refrigerator according to claim 12, wherein a cool air duct is provided in a door of the refrigerator compartment.