JP2000266441A - Cooling facility for cold insulation automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To drive a large compressor without remodeling an engine room or mounting a large sub-engine by the compressor through a hydraulic motor. SOLUTION: The driving system for a cooling facility 21 comprises an oil tank 31, an oil pump 33, a hydraulic motor 35, and a hydraulic circuit comprising piping for connecting them. The oil tank 31 is fixed to the lower front part of a refrigeration container 5. The hydraulic motor 35 is secured into a motor box 11 and the rotary shaft thereof is disposed on the front side of a compressor 23 extending in the left/right direction. When an engine 9 is driven, the oil pump 33 rotates to pressurize working oil in the oil tank 31 and to rotate the rotary shaft of the hydraulic motor 35 thus driving the compressor 23. The compressor 23 can also be driven through an emergency electric motor.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cooling system for a refrigerator car, and more particularly to an improvement in a mechanical cooling system having a refrigerator circuit using a refrigerator.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A freight car for transporting frozen fish and fresh vegetables at a low temperature, that is, a so-called insulated car, is equipped with a refrigerated container and a cooling facility for cooling the inside of the refrigerated container.

[0003] Although there are several types of cooling equipment, the mechanical type using a refrigerator is basically a compressor for compressing a refrigerant, a motor for driving the compressor, and a compressor. It is equipped with a condenser that condenses the refrigerant, an evaporator that evaporates the condensed refrigerant, and the like. As the prime mover, a type that directly uses the engine of the insulated vehicle and a compressor with an electric motor are sub-engines It is roughly classified into a system driven by a generator that is driven. In the latter method, even when the engine is stopped, the compressor can be operated by taking an external power supply, so that cooling can be continued even on a ferry, for example.

In such a mechanical cooling system, a relatively large compressor is required to increase the cooling capacity and to shorten the time required to reach a set target temperature. In the case of the main engine direct connection type, the engine room and cabin must be significantly modified and a large compressor must be placed here. In the case of a sub-engine driven type, it is necessary to mount a sub-engine having a larger output. In any case, it is practically impossible with existing cold-cars.
Under such circumstances, in the mechanical cooling equipment using the refrigerator, the current ordinary low temperature (about -20 to 25 ° C.)
However, since the rate of temperature decrease is very slow, in cold-reserved vehicles carrying tuna or the like that requires ultra-low temperature cooling at minus 40 to 50 ° C and requires rapid cooling, liquid nitrogen Injection type cooling equipment was used.

[0005]

However, the cooling by the liquid nitrogen injection method has a serious problem that the running cost becomes enormous because a large amount of liquid nitrogen is consumed. According to a survey, a 20-ton class insulated vehicle costs more than 4 million yen per year for liquid nitrogen. In addition, there are only a few specified locations in the country where liquid nitrogen can be replenished.Therefore, in addition to mileage and on-site arrival time, cooling operation time can be taken into account when planning operations, There is a difficult problem that nitrogen must be uneconomically consumed, and in some cases, the load may be spoiled by running out of refrigerant.

On the other hand, the power generation of a large truck is 24
On the other hand, a 200-volt three-phase AC power supply is used for various motors and the like in a normal commercial cooling system. Special components have to be used with transformers to convert the generated voltage to 200 volt three-phase alternating current. This greatly increases the cost of this type of cooling equipment, causes the various components to be large in size, and requires a large mounting space.In addition, the electrical wiring becomes extremely complicated, and maintenance becomes extremely difficult. There was a problem that it was troublesome.

Incidentally, it is conceivable to dispose a large compressor outside the engine room and transmit the driving force of the engine to the compressor through a gear system or the like. The difficulty is great.

[0008] The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and is a mechanical-type cooling system using a refrigerator, but a large-sized compressor arranged at an arbitrary place other than the engine room. It is easy to drive the engine as a drive source without passing through a gear system, etc., thereby realizing cooling at ultra-low temperature and rapid cooling without using liquid nitrogen and without remodeling the engine room etc. But without the risk of increased costs,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a cooling system for an insulated vehicle, which can mount a compressor at a place away from an engine and hardly has a problem in an arrangement space. Another object of the present invention is to provide a cooling system for a refrigerator car that can directly use electrical members used for a normal commercial cooling system using a three-phase AC power supply as a power supply.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above object, a cooling system for a refrigerator car according to the present invention comprises an evaporator unit in a refrigerated container, a condensing unit connected to the evaporator unit, and a refrigerant. Cooling equipment for a refrigerator car equipped with a refrigerator circuit composed of a compressor or the like for compression, and an oil tank,
An oil pump driven by the engine of the cold-cooled vehicle and a hydraulic motor rotating with hydraulic oil supplied from the oil pump are mounted, and the compressor is driven by the hydraulic motor.

As is known, a hydraulic motor can obtain a much higher torque than an electric motor, so that a small hydraulic motor can sufficiently drive a large compressor. And since the oil pump for rotating the hydraulic motor is also small,
This oil pump can be easily arranged beside the engine. Thus, according to the present invention, even though it is a mechanical cooling system using a refrigerator, it is not necessary to remodel the engine room or mount a large sub-engine,
Sufficient motive power to drive a large compressor can be obtained, cooling at ultra-low temperature can be realized without using liquid nitrogen, and the set target temperature can be quickly reached. There is no fear that the cost will be high, and there is little worry about mounting space.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cooling system for a cold-held vehicle according to the first aspect, further comprising a generator driven by the hydraulic motor and outputting three-phase AC at 200 volts, and a current from the generator is supplied. It is used as a power source for electrical operation members in the refrigerator circuit. Therefore, the fan motors and the like in the condensing unit and the evaporator unit of the cooling equipment can be of the type used in general cooling equipment, so that there is no need to use special members. The cost can be greatly reduced, and electrical wiring is simplified, and maintenance work is also facilitated.

[0012]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a cooling system for a cold-car vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes an insulated vehicle. A large refrigerated container 5 is mounted on a chassis 3 of the vehicle, and an engine room is located below a cabin 7 in an engine room. A motor box 11 is attached to the side of the chassis 3 near the cabin 7.
In this, a compressor, various motors, a generator, and the like, which will be described later, are incorporated.

Reference numeral 21 denotes a cooling facility. This cooling facility 21
Is a large-sized compressor 23 for compressing a refrigerant such as ammonia, a condensing unit (condenser) 25 attached to the upper front of the refrigeration container 5, and an evaporator unit (evaporator) 2 disposed in the refrigeration container 5.
The compressor 23 includes a refrigerating machine circuit composed of pipes 7 and the like connected thereto, a drive system for driving the compressor 23, and an electric system. Compressor 2
3 is fixed to a substantially central portion of the motor box 11,
The main shaft 23a is provided in a direction extending in the left-right direction, and a belt pulley (also serving as a cooling fan) 29 is attached to the main shaft 23a.

The drive system of the cooling equipment 21 is an oil tank 3
1, an oil pump 33, a hydraulic motor 35, and a hydraulic circuit including a pipe connecting the hydraulic motor 35 and the like, and the oil tank 31 is attached to a lower front part of the refrigerated container 5. The oil pump 33 is relatively small,
It is located beside the engine 9 in the engine room,
The rotational force of the crankshaft of the engine 9 is partially taken out by a V-belt and driven.

The hydraulic motor 35 is connected to the motor box 11
The rotary shaft 37 is disposed in front of the compressor 23 in a direction extending in the left-right direction.
A pulley shaft 38 is connected to the rotating shaft 37 via a one-way clutch 39, and two belt pulleys 41 and 43 are attached to the pulley shaft 38. An endless belt 45 is stretched between one of the belt pulleys 41 and 43 and the belt pulley 29 of the compressor 23.

Accordingly, when the engine 9 is driven, the oil pump 33 is rotated by the engine 9, and the oil pump 33 pressurizes the hydraulic oil in the oil tank 31 and supplies the hydraulic oil to the hydraulic motor 35. The shaft 37 is rotated, and the rotation drives the compressor 23. Reference numeral 50 denotes an oil cooler inserted between the oil pump 33 and the hydraulic motor 35.

At the rear end of the motor box 11, a three-phase AC type emergency electric motor 51 is disposed, and a belt pulley 53 is fixed to an output shaft 51a. Pulley 2
9 and an endless belt 47 is stretched. Therefore, the compressor 23 is also driven by the emergency electric motor 51. The emergency electric motor 51 uses an external power source of three-phase alternating current when it is necessary to drive the compressor 23 while the engine 9 is stopped, such as while boarding a ferry.

When the compressor 23 is driven by the emergency electric motor 51, the hydraulic motor 35
Belt pulley 41 coupled to the rotating shaft 37
Is also rotated, but in this case, the one-way clutch 39
Because the relative rotation directions of the inner and outer rings of
The hydraulic motor 35 does not become a load just because the clutch 39 idles.

At the front end of the motor box 11, a three-phase AC generator 61 is arranged, and a belt pulley 63 is fixed to a rotating shaft 61a.
An endless belt 49 is stretched over the belt pulley 43 of the hydraulic motor 35. Accordingly, the rotating shaft 61a of the generator 61 is rotated by the driving force when the hydraulic motor 35 is driven, and when the compressor 23 is driven by the emergency electric motor 51, the emergency electric motor 51 is rotated. It is rotated by the driving force of.

The generator 61 converts the terminal voltage to 200 volts and outputs the voltage. The 200 volt current is supplied to the fan motor 65 of the condensing unit 25 and the fan motor of the evaporator unit 27. 67, is supplied to various other electrical components in the refrigeration system to drive these electrical components. Therefore, general electric components using a three-phase AC power source can be used as they are.

On the rear side of the motor box 11, there is provided a control panel 71 in which a control circuit for controlling the electric system of the cooling equipment 21 is incorporated. A control panel 73 connected to the circuit of the control panel 71 is mounted on the cabin 7. The cooling temperature setting and other operations are performed in the driver's seat. The cooling facility 21 of the insulated vehicle 1 is configured as described above.

When the engine 9 is running, the hydraulic motor 35 drives the compressor 23 and the generator 61 to operate the refrigerator circuit to cool the inside of the refrigerated container 5. When the emergency electric motor 51 drives the compressor 23 and the generator 61, the refrigerator circuit operates to cool the refrigerated container 5. As a result of testing the cooling capacity of the cooling equipment manufactured by the present inventors, a large amount of data was obtained at which the temperature in the refrigerated container 5 reached about minus 40 ° C. about 30 minutes after the start of operation. With such cooling capacity and rapid performance, there is no problem in transporting frozen tuna.

Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above, the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment, and there is a change in design without departing from the gist of the present invention. Are also included in the present invention. In particular, the present invention is not limited to the target cooling temperature in the refrigerated container,
The present invention can be widely applied to various types of cooling equipment for insulated vehicles having a refrigerator circuit.

[0024]

As described above, in the cooling system for a cold-car vehicle according to the present invention, the engine room is modified or a large sub-engine is mounted, while being a mechanical cooling system using a refrigerator. Without having to do this, it is possible to obtain sufficient driving power to drive a large compressor, achieve cooling at an extremely low temperature without using liquid nitrogen, and quickly reach the set target temperature. In addition, there is no fear that the cost is increased, and there is little concern about the mounting space.

According to the second aspect of the invention, the fan motor and the like used in the condensing unit and the evaporator unit can be of the type used in general cooling equipment, so that special members are used. The cost can be greatly reduced because there is no need to use it, and the electric wiring is simplified, and the maintenance work is also facilitated.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a refrigerator car equipped with a cooling facility according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged plan view of a main part of the cold-car vehicle shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing a cooling facility in the cold-car vehicle of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Insulated car 5 Refrigerated container 9 Engine 21 Cooling equipment 23 Compressor 25 Condensing unit 27 Evaporator unit 31 Oil tank 33 Oil pump 35 Hydraulic motor 61 Generator 65 Electric operating member 67 Electric operating member

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A cooling system for an insulated vehicle including an evaporator unit in a refrigerated container, a condensing unit connected to the evaporator unit, and a refrigerator circuit including a compressor for compressing a refrigerant, and the like. An oil tank, an oil pump driven by the engine of the cold-cooled vehicle, and a hydraulic motor rotating with hydraulic oil supplied from the oil pump are mounted.
A cooling system for a refrigerator car, wherein the hydraulic motor drives the compressor. 2. A cooling system for a refrigerator vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising a generator driven by said hydraulic motor and outputting a three-phase alternating current of 200 volts. A cooling device for a cold-protected vehicle, wherein the cooling device is used as a power source for a dynamic operation member.