JP2000254223A - Automatic fluid transfer device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a small-sized automatic fluid transfer device, for example, a peritoneal dialysis device, which is simple and simple in mechanism. SOLUTION: A first container having an accommodation chamber for accommodating a fluid and a pressurization chamber for pressurizing the accommodation chamber, and a fluid supply means for supplying the fluid to a predetermined location by pressurizing the pressurization chamber. And a second container capable of storing the fluid at the predetermined location, and fluid suction means for forcibly storing the fluid in the second container by reducing the pressure in the second container. An automatic fluid transfer device characterized by the above-mentioned.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to an automatic fluid transfer device. More specifically, an automatic fluid transfer device capable of sending a fluid from a predetermined location to another location by a pressure adjusting operation, and further from another location to another location,
The present invention relates to a small-sized automatic fluid transfer device which is a peritoneal dialysis device capable of supplying a dialysate into a patient's peritoneal cavity by a pressure adjusting operation and automatically discharging the dialysate from the patient's peritoneal cavity by a pressure adjusting operation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a device for discharging a drug solution or a body fluid to a human body and injecting a drug solution or a body fluid component, (1) a plasma exchange device which removes a plasma component from blood and supplements it with a substitute plasma, (2)
An ascites purifier that removes ascites from the human body, purifies the ascites to remove viruses and water, and returns purified ascites to the abdominal cavity again. (3) Extracts blood from the human body and injects fresh blood into the human body (4) A peritoneal dialysis device that injects a dialysate into the peritoneal cavity, performs dialysis over a predetermined time, and discharges the dialysate after dialysis as drainage.

[0003] In any of the above devices, the liquid injection and drainage are performed by a positive displacement pump represented by an injection / discharge device utilizing a natural head, a roller pump, a syringe pump, a gear pump, a diaphragm pump, a finger pump and the like.
It is often performed by a centrifugal pump and a turbo pump represented by a vortex pump.

[0004] The positive displacement pump provides forced drainage to the patient. Therefore, when an occlusion occurs in a liquid feed line to a patient or in a catheter portion indwelled in the body, the pressure is rapidly increased or decreased due to forced injection and drainage. These pressure fluctuations not only have an adverse effect on the patient, but also can damage disposable parts such as tubes and tube fittings.

[0005] Further, when a roller pump is employed, the flow becomes pulsating, and in some cases, the pulsation may adversely affect the patient. In addition, there is also a problem that the pulsation is transmitted to the catheter section of the patient by transmitting the tube, and the vibration due to the pulsation causes pain to the patient.

In order to avoid the above-mentioned drawbacks or problems of these positive displacement pumps, it is conceivable to employ a turbo pump.

However, in general, it is necessary for a turbo pump to perform priming of liquid such as priming water.
Inconvenient in its handling.

[0008] Further, a disinfection / sterilization step is required for each use. In order to avoid this, there is a method of using a sterilized pump in advance and disposable each time, but this requires the pump to be detached and attached each time, which not only complicates the operation but also reduces the cost. A new problem that the number increases.

In consideration of pressure and cost, a method utilizing a natural head, that is, a natural head method is preferable, but a head difference is required for liquid injection and drainage. In order to ensure a head difference, there is a disadvantage that the apparatus itself is enlarged on the liquid injection side, and that the patient is forced to use a bed or the like on the liquid discharge side. Such a drawback is not a serious problem in a hospital, but becomes a serious problem when home treatment such as peritoneal dialysis is assumed.

[0010] On the other hand, renal failure patients have been subjected to artificial dialysis treatment using artificial kidneys. This artificial dialysis treatment has a major drawback in that the patient is forced to visit the hospital frequently and, furthermore, the patient is restrained for a long time by the artificial dialysis machine, so that the daily life of the patient is significantly restricted.

As a dialysis therapy for overcoming this drawback, in recent years, a peritoneal dialysis method in which dialysis is performed using a patient's own peritoneum,
Among them, home treatment is possible, and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (Continuous A
mbulatory Peritoneal Dialysis, sometimes abbreviated as "CAPD". ) Came to attention.

In the CAPD, a predetermined dialysate is usually injected into a patient's abdominal cavity from a dialysate container through a catheter placed in the patient's abdominal cavity by surgery, and the injected dialysate is stored in the abdominal cavity for a predetermined time. After that, the drainage after the dialysis in the abdominal cavity is drained through the catheter and stored in a drainage container.

However, it is necessary for the patient to perform such a series of operations about four times a day, and the accompanying operations such as container replacement are complicated and time-consuming. . Such work has been a significant labor and mental burden for patients, especially those who have reintegrated. In addition, due to the complexity of operations such as container replacement, violent patients perform container replacement operations coarsely, and as a result, problems such as peritonitis caused by bacterial contamination may occur. was there.

As a peritoneal dialysis method developed to avoid such drawbacks of CAPD, continuous cyclic peritoneal dialysis (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as “CCPD”) is of particular interest. Have been.

[0015] The CCPD is a method in which the work such as the container exchange or the like is automatically performed while a patient is sleeping at night using an automatic peritoneal dialysis device.

This CCPD generally has an injection phase in which a predetermined dialysate is injected into a patient's peritoneal cavity from a dialysate container through a catheter placed in the patient's peritoneal cavity by surgery, and the injected dialysate is injected into the peritoneal cavity. It includes a storage phase in which the dialysate is drained from the catheter for a predetermined period of time and a drainage phase in which the dialysate is then drained from the catheter, and is typically performed during the daily sleep hours. For example, during the 8 hours of bedtime, the infusion phase, the storage phase, and the drainage phase are performed as one cycle, and 3 cycles are performed. The dialysate finally infused is in the abdominal cavity for 16 hours until the next treatment, for example. It is stored and drained the next time you go to bed.

According to the CCPD therapy using this automatic peritoneal dialysis device, the work to be performed by the patient is simplified, for example, the number of container replacements is reduced, so that the patient can live a social life closer to a healthier person. This reduces the risk of bacterial contamination when connecting the dialysis container to the dialysate flow tube or connecting the catheter to the dialysate flow tube, which induces peritonitis. There is an advantage that you can face.

Conventionally, in an automatic peritoneal dialysis apparatus used in CCPD, injecting dialysate into a patient's peritoneal cavity and discharging dialysate from the peritoneal cavity often involve CAPD.
As in therapy, it was done using natural heads.

The head required for injecting and draining the dialysate is usually between 1,000 and 1500 mmA depending on the patient.
It is said to be about q and about -400 to -1,000 mmAq for drainage. In other words, 1,000 to
A dialysate container containing a predetermined amount of dialysate is placed at a position higher by about 1,500 mm, and the dialysate is injected into the abdominal cavity of the patient by using the head thereof, and 400 to 1,000 from the patient.
An empty drainage container was arranged at a position as low as about mm, and the dialysate was drained from the abdominal cavity using the head.

However, injecting and draining liquid utilizing a natural head requires: 1. The natural head must be secured, so that the entire apparatus becomes large. 2. Since it is necessary to secure a head for draining, the patient needs to be secured. On the other hand, there was a problem that the use of the bed was forced. The problem (2) is not a serious problem in Europe and the United States, where there is a bedtime habit, but is a serious problem in Japan, which has a habit of sleeping on a futon spread on tatami mats.

There is known a device which does not require a head for drainage and can be used on a tatami mat. For example, JP-A-7
Japanese Patent Publication No. 24062 discloses a dialysate exchange device in which the dialysate is injected by a roller pump and the dialysate is discharged using the restoring force of a contracted bellows-shaped container.

However, since the roller pump is a pump that forcibly discharges the liquid, the dialysate flow pipe is bent or crushed due to turning over of the sleeping patient or the like, and the tube is obstructed. In such a case, the pressure in the tube rises rapidly, and the tube may be damaged. As means for avoiding this, it is possible to consider a method of monitoring the change over time of the injection amount or detecting an abnormality by monitoring the pressure change in the tube and issuing an alarm. Since the internal pressure of the tube increases instantaneously when the tube is closed, there is a high possibility that the tube has already been damaged due to the increase in pressure at the time of outputting an alarm or at the time of stopping the roller pump. Furthermore, it is not preferable to cut the tube and provide a pressure gauge to monitor the pressure, from the viewpoint of preventing bacterial infection, and it is very difficult to detect the internal pressure from outside the tube without cutting the tube. Further, it is practically impossible to instantaneously detect an abnormal increase in internal pressure.

On the other hand, the method for discharging the dialysate utilizing the restoring force of the bellows-shaped container has a problem that the restoring force for returning the contracted container to the original state is not constant. That is, since the suction force due to this restoration depends on the degree of contraction like a spring, it shows a strong suction force immediately after release, and the suction force decreases as it is restored, but for example, the omentum is easily clogged in the catheter Some patients, such as patients, require the dialysate to be drained with a weak suction force from the beginning, and cannot be used for such patients. In this case,
It is conceivable to appropriately change the degree of expansion and contraction, the material, and the like of the bellows-shaped container. However, there is a problem in that fine adjustment is difficult because the amount of liquid that can be drained also changes accordingly.

Further, since the bellows-shaped container is provided separately from the drainage container, the piping system for communicating between the containers is complicated, and furthermore, the flow of dialysate in the piping system is controlled. Therefore, there is also a problem that the number of valves increases, and noise increases. As a typical example of such a valve,
One may cite a valve similar to a solenoid pinch valve, but this pinch valve produces considerable noise due to the application of force to the outside of the tube to crush the tube. Therefore, the number of such valves should be as small as possible. Furthermore, increasing the number of disposable containers such as shrink containers increases the cost of treatment.

Another example of a device that does not require a drop in drainage is to inject and drain dialysate into and out of the peritoneal cavity using a pump that alternately changes the volume of a multiple chamber,
In addition, a device is known which controls the pressure applied to the dialysate by the pump by a computer. In this apparatus, by adjusting the pressure applied to the dialysate by the pump to the pressure due to the conventional natural head, there is little possibility that the tube will be damaged unlike the case of the roller pump.

However, since this conventional apparatus is provided with a double chamber, a valve that is linked to the movement of the chamber is required. As a result, the circuit of the apparatus becomes complicated, and there is a problem that noise is generated because opening and closing of the valve is controlled in conjunction with the movement of the chamber. This noise is a serious problem in consideration of the fact that it is installed at the bedside of the patient and is activated while the patient is asleep, even if the volume is at a level that does not cause any problem during the day.

Moreover, in this apparatus, the thin film is deformed under the control of a computer, thereby changing the volume in the chamber. That is, the thin film is provided in a state of contacting the dialysate. In a peritoneal dialysis device used for CCPD, a flow path connecting a dialysate container filled with dialysate and a catheter is closed so as to prevent bacterial infection and the like, and is configured not to contact the outside. It is important that the tubes and the like forming the flow passage are disposable in principle.

However, the membrane in the pump is very fragile, and if breached during dialysis, can cause life-threatening problems for the patient. Further, since the chamber having such a thin film itself is disposable, there is a problem that the treatment cost is inevitably increased.

Therefore, as a new dialysate exchange device which solves the above-mentioned problem, the injection and drainage to the patient is performed by pressurizing and depressurizing the closed container in which the injection bag and the reservoir bag are arranged. An apparatus has been proposed. The new dialysate exchange device is remarkable in that the closed container in which the injection bag and the reservoir bag are disposed is pressurized and depressurized so that a head is not required.

However, if such a dialysate exchange device is specifically implemented, (1) injection and drainage to a patient is performed using an injection bag and a reservoir bag arranged in a sealed container. However, the size of the device body is reduced, but conversely, it is necessary to install another dialysis fluid bag and a drainage bag for transferring the solution to the infusion bag outside the device, and therefore, for treatment. The problem that a lot of space (installation area) is required. (2) In order to minimize the required space, it is also possible to arrange the injection bag and the drainage storage bag in the vertical direction of the device. But,
In this case, similar to the conventional natural head type device, it is unfavorable to give a patient a feeling of psychological pressure, and (3) a liquid injection bag and a reservoir arranged in the closed container for injecting and discharging liquid to the patient. It is necessary to transfer the liquid between at least two tubes between the bag and another dialysate bag and a drainage bag for transferring the liquid to an injection bag installed outside the apparatus, and the closed The container is provided with a groove space through which the tube passes. The groove space is provided with a sealing material for maintaining the airtightness in the sealed container. However, pressure leakage is likely to occur due to the set state when the tube is set in the groove space or deterioration of the sealing material. (4) If a pressure leak occurs, even if the pump is operated at a discharge flow rate that exceeds the leak amount to perform injection / drainage, the pump is turned on and off because the pressure leak is occurring (5) When the operation of the closed container shifts from the pressurizing operation to the depressurizing operation or from the depressurizing operation to the pressurizing operation, it always goes through the atmospheric pressure state. However, the work amount of the pump in that state is very large, and there is a problem that noise is generated.

[0031]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a small-sized automatic fluid transfer device, for example, a peritoneal dialysis device, which is simple and simple in mechanism.

An object of the present invention is to provide a peritoneal dialysis apparatus capable of reliably and automatically exchanging dialysate even while a patient is sleeping.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a peritoneal dialysis apparatus capable of reliably performing a dialysate exchange without causing contamination by bacteria even when operated by the patient himself.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a peritoneal dialysis that can perform peritoneal dialysis safely and reliably regardless of whether the patient is sleeping on a futon or a bed, that is, regardless of the lying position of the patient. A dialysis device is provided.

Another object of the present invention is that, in the dialysate exchange device, a closed container containing a predetermined number of injection bags and reservoir bags is used as a pressurizing chamber. It is an object of the present invention to provide an automatic peritoneal dialysis apparatus which does not use such a pressurized chamber, although it is required to have a large-sized and pressure-resistant structure such as a pressure-resistant container, which increases the weight of the pressurized chamber itself.

Another object of the present invention is that in the dialysate exchange apparatus, it is necessary to pass a tube through a closed vessel (pressurized chamber), and it is impossible to control the injection and drainage caused by the pressure leak. Another object of the present invention is to provide an automatic peritoneal dialysis apparatus which has solved the problem of generating noise.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a small and lightweight automatic peritoneal dialysis device which can save space compared to a conventional peritoneal dialysis device.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a peritoneal dialysis apparatus capable of performing automatic peritoneal dialysis safely and reliably without generating noise and without hindering sleep of a patient.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a peritoneal dialysis apparatus which can achieve any or all of the above objects without requiring complicated circuit layout.

[0040]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a first container having a storage chamber for storing a fluid and a pressurizing chamber for pressurizing the storage chamber.
A fluid supply unit that supplies the fluid to a predetermined location by pressurizing the pressure chamber, a second container capable of storing the fluid at the predetermined location, and depressurizing the inside of the second container. And a fluid suction means for forcibly storing the fluid in the second container. A pressurizing means for pressurizing the pressurizing chamber in the container, a pressurizing control means for controlling the pressurizing means, and a first flow means for supplying the fluid from the first container to a predetermined location. The automatic fluid transfer device according to claim 1, wherein the fluid suction means controls the pressure reducing means for reducing the pressure in the second container and the pressure reducing means. Pressure reduction control means, and a fluid stored in the predetermined location The automatic fluid transfer device according to any one of claims 1 and 2, further comprising a second circulation means for introducing the fluid into the second container. The invention according to claim 4, wherein the fluid is dialyzed. A dialysate, wherein the storage chamber is a dialysate storage chamber, the pressurized chamber is a pressurized medium filling chamber, and the first container has the dialysate storage chamber and the pressurized medium filled chamber. A container, wherein the fluid supply means is a dialysate supply means, the predetermined portion is in a patient's abdominal cavity, and the second container decompresses the drainage collection chamber containing fluid and the drainage collection chamber. A drainage container having a decompression chamber, wherein the fluid suction means discharges a depressurized medium in the decompression chamber to reduce the pressure in the drainage collection chamber, and the automatic fluid transfer device is a peritoneum. The automatic fluid transfer device according to claim 1, which is a dialysis device, The invention according to claim 5, wherein the fluid is a dialysate, the fluid supply means is a dialysate supply means, and the first container is the dialysate storage chamber and the pressurization chamber, which are the storage chamber. A dialysis fluid container having a pressurized medium filling chamber, wherein the predetermined portion is in a patient's abdominal cavity, and the first circulating means is dialysis fluid circulating means,
The automatic fluid transfer device is a peritoneal dialysis device according to claim 2, wherein the fluid is a dialysate, and the fluid suction means is a drainage suction means. Wherein the second container is a drainage container having a drainage collection chamber containing a fluid and a decompression chamber for depressurizing the drainage collection chamber, wherein the predetermined part is in a patient's abdominal cavity, 4. The automatic fluid transfer device according to claim 3, wherein the second flow device is a drainage flow device, and the automatic fluid transfer device is a peritoneal dialysis device.

[0041]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS (General Description) An automatic fluid transfer device according to the present invention comprises a first container, a fluid supply means, and a second container.
It is characterized by comprising a container and fluid suction means.

The first container has a storage chamber for storing a fluid and a pressurizing chamber for pressurizing the storage chamber. The first container is
A structure is provided in which the fluid contained in the storage chamber can be discharged by pressurizing the pressure chamber. The storage chamber is provided with an outlet so that the stored fluid can be discharged. The pressurizing chamber is provided with an inlet so that a pressurized medium can be filled.

The first container has a structure capable of discharging the fluid in the storage chamber from its outlet by pressurizing the pressure chamber, for example, (1) the pressurization chamber surrounds the storage chamber. And a structure in which the storage chamber receives pressure from the pressure chamber and discharges the fluid in the storage chamber from its outlet as the pressure chamber is pressurized, (2) the pressure chamber and the storage chamber It is formed so as to be separated by a flexible elastic member and adjacent to each other,
A structure in which the flexible elastic member expands toward the storage chamber as the pressurization chamber is pressurized, thereby discharging the fluid in the storage chamber from its outlet; (3) the storage chamber is formed so as to surround the pressurization chamber; When the pressurized chamber is pressurized, the whole or a part of the pressurized chamber expands or swells, thereby pressurizing the containing chamber and discharging the fluid in the containing chamber from its outlet, or a structure equivalent thereto. Adopted.

More specifically, as a specific example of the above-mentioned structure (1), for example, a bag formed of a flexible sheet in a bag shape is used as a storage room bag in the storage room, and the storage room bag is used as the storage room bag. Is provided with an outlet capable of discharging a fluid, a pressurized chamber is formed as a pressurized chamber bag using a bag formed of a flexible sheet in the pressurized chamber, and the pressurized chamber bag has an inlet capable of filling a pressurized medium. The two bags are arranged so as to house the accommodation room bag in the pressurization room bag, that is, the gap between the inside accommodation room bag and the outside bag is pressurized. A bag having a double structure in which both bags are arranged so as to form a chamber and a storage chamber is provided inside and a pressurized chamber is provided outside can be exemplified as the first container.

In order to secure the airtightness of the fluid and the pressurized medium or to reinforce the double structure, when a part of both bags is fused to form the first container,
A combination of members to which the members of both bags can be fused is preferable. Even if the portion of the first container having the double structure that is not in contact with the storage chamber of the pressurization chamber is formed of a non-deformable hard member, since the storage chamber bag is provided inside, the pressurized medium is stored in the pressure chamber. Is filled, the pressure chamber and the storage chamber change in volume at the portion where they are in contact with the deformable flexible member, and the fluid stored in the storage chamber is discharged. Further, in order to strengthen the structure of the first container or to efficiently transmit the pressing force from the pressurizing chamber to the storing chamber, a part of the storing chamber and the pressurizing chamber of the first container is formed of a hard member,
It can be formed by combining a flexible member with a reinforcing member of a hard member.

As a specific example of the above-mentioned (2) structure, two adjacent chambers capable of causing a change in volume, such as the interior of a bag formed into a bag shape divided into two chambers by a deformable member, are used. A bag having such a structure can be exemplified as the first container. One of the two adjacent chambers can be used as a storage chamber, and the other can be used as a pressurization chamber. Also in this case, similarly to the first container having the double structure, the housing chamber of the first container and a part of the pressurizing chamber are fused or reinforced, or the pressure from the pressurizing chamber is efficiently stored. The flexible member or the hard member can be appropriately selected and used in order to convey the information.

As a specific example of the above-mentioned (3) structure, for example, the storage chamber is formed as a storage chamber bag using a bag formed of a flexible sheet in a bag shape, and the storage chamber bag has an outlet capable of discharging a fluid. The pressurizing chamber is formed as a pressurizing chamber bag using a bag formed of a flexible sheet in a bag shape, and the pressurizing chamber bag is provided with an inlet capable of filling a pressurized medium. Both bags are arranged so as to store the pressurizing chamber bag inside, that is, both bags are arranged so that the gap between the bag that becomes the pressurizing chamber stored inside and the outer bag becomes the storing chamber. A double-structured bag that is arranged and has a pressurized chamber inside and a storage chamber formed outside can be exemplified as the first container.

This structure has a relationship in which the pressurizing chamber and the housing chamber are replaced in the structure of the above (1). Therefore,
In the description of the structure of (1), this structure can be understood by reading "pressurizing chamber" as "accommodating chamber" and reading "accommodating chamber" as "pressurizing chamber".

The fluid supply means has a mechanism capable of transferring the fluid in the accommodation chamber of the first container to a predetermined location by pressurizing the pressure chamber of the first container. It can be formed having a pressure means and a pipe for transferring a fluid from the first container to a predetermined location.

The second container has a structure capable of sucking and storing the fluid at the predetermined location by decompression.

Specifically, the second container includes a fluid receiving chamber for receiving a fluid, and a decompression chamber for reducing the pressure in the fluid receiving chamber. More specifically, for example, the second container (1) is formed so that the decompression chamber surrounds the fluid receiving chamber, and as the pressure in the decompression chamber is reduced, the volume of the fluid receiving chamber increases, A structure in which the inside of the fluid receiving chamber is decompressed by the increase and the fluid is sucked and introduced into the depressurized fluid receiving chamber, (2) the depressurizing chamber and the fluid receiving chamber are separated by a flexible elastic member so that they are adjacent to each other. A structure in which the fluid is sucked and introduced into the fluid receiving chamber by being formed and the flexible elastic member swelling toward the fluid receiving chamber side as the pressure in the decompression chamber is reduced.
(3) The fluid receiving chamber is formed so as to surround the decompression chamber, and when the decompression chamber is depressurized, the whole or a part of the decompression chamber contracts or contracts, whereby the pressure in the fluid receiving chamber is reduced and the fluid receiving chamber is depressurized. A structure in which a fluid is introduced by suction or a structure equivalent thereto is adopted.

As a specific example of the second container having the structure (1), for example, a bag as a fluid receiving chamber, which is formed of a flexible member and has an inlet through which a fluid can flow, is provided. A bellows body formed of a flexible member, having a structure formed in a vessel as a decompression chamber and formed with a rigid outer shell so that the pressure can be reduced, and having an inlet through which a fluid can flow. As a fluid receiving chamber, a structure formed in a container as a decompression chamber formed of a hard outer shell so that the inside can be decompressed, a cylinder having an inlet through which fluid can flow, and a cylinder A structure in which a piston slidably formed in the cylinder is provided in a container capable of reducing pressure, and a space defined by an inner wall of the cylinder and the piston and having a variable inner volume is used as a fluid receiving chamber.

As a specific example of the second container having the above-mentioned (2) structure, an adjacent container capable of causing a change in volume, such as a bag formed in a bag shape, is divided into two chambers by a deformable member. A bag having a structure having two matching chambers can be exemplified as the second container. One of the two adjacent chambers can be used as a fluid receiving chamber, and the other can be used as a decompression chamber.

As a specific example of the above (3) structure, for example, a hard closed shell provided with an inlet for introducing a fluid,
A bag, which is a bag-like bag made of a flexible member, provided with an exhaust port for reducing pressure, and stores the decompression chamber bag in the closed outer shell, that is, closes the decompression chamber bag disposed therein. A structure in which a space between the outer shell and the outer shell is formed as a fluid receiving chamber can be exemplified.

Further, as another example of the second container, a drainage recovery chamber for collecting drainage as a fluid, that is, a fluid storage chamber, and a drainage chamber having a decompression chamber for reducing the pressure in the drainage recovery chamber are provided. A container can be exemplified. In other words, a double structure having a drain collection chamber inside and a decompression chamber outside, or a structure having two adjacent chambers capable of causing a volume change can be exemplified.

The second container has a structure in which the drainage can be collected in the drainage collection chamber by reducing the pressure in the decompression chamber. An inlet is provided in the drainage collection chamber so that drainage can be collected. The decompression chamber is provided with an outlet so that the decompression medium in the decompression chamber can be discharged.

As will be described again, the second container only needs to have a structure capable of reducing the pressure in the waste liquid recovery chamber, that is, the fluid receiving chamber by sucking and removing the reduced pressure medium in the reduced pressure chamber. A configuration in which the decompression chamber is formed so as to surround the drain collection chamber, and a configuration in which the decompression chamber and the drain collection chamber are formed adjacent to each other can be given.

From a different point of view, although there is no change in the volume of the entire second container, the decompression chamber and the drainage recovery chamber of the second container may have a structure capable of causing a change in volume and deforming. . When the decompression medium in the decompression chamber is discharged from the outlet of the decompression chamber, the volume of the decompression chamber changes, and the volume of the decompression chamber decreases. Then, the drainage collection chamber also changes its volume,
The volume of the drainage collection chamber increases, and the drainage at the predetermined location is collected from the entrance of the drainage collection chamber into the drainage collection chamber.

As the member used as the drainage collection chamber and the decompression chamber of the second container, the part which is deformed by the volume change in the drainage collection chamber and the decompression chamber is preferably formed of a flexible member. Forming the portion of the decompression chamber that is not in contact with the drainage collection chamber with a deformable flexible member is a factor that makes it difficult for the reduction in volume of the decompression chamber to increase the volume of the drainage collection chamber. It is preferable that the portion not in contact with the liquid recovery chamber is formed of a hard member, or is formed by combining a flexible member with a reinforcing member of the hard member.

As a member used for the second container, a part of the drainage collection chamber and the decompression chamber of the second container is fused or reinforced, or a decompression force from the decompression chamber is efficiently collected. A flexible member or a hard member can be appropriately selected and used to transmit the signal to the chamber.

The fluid suction means has a mechanism capable of sucking and storing fluid in a predetermined location in the second container by reducing the pressure in the second container. It can be formed with a pressure reducing means for reducing the pressure in the container and a pipe for drawing a fluid, for example, drainage, in the second container.

[0062] In the automatic fluid transfer device according to the present invention, the fluid in the storage chamber of the first container is subjected to a predetermined pressure via the fluid supply means by the pressing force on the fluid in the storage chamber from the pressurized chamber of the first container. The fluid sent to the predetermined location is suctioned and stored in the second container by reducing the pressure in the second container. Thereby, the fluid can be transferred from the storage chamber of the first container to a predetermined location and from the predetermined location to the inside of the second container.

The automatic fluid transfer device according to the present invention is preferably used as a peritoneal dialysis device. Next, a peritoneal dialysis device as an example of the automatic fluid transfer device will be described.

The peritoneal dialysis apparatus according to the present invention is a dialysate container having a dialysate storage chamber and a pressurized medium filling chamber, which is an example of a first container having a storage chamber and a pressurization chamber, and a fluid supply means. And a drainage container as an example of the second container, and a drainage suction unit as an example of the fluid suction unit.

The dialysate container is formed such that a predetermined amount of dialysate is stored in the dialysate storage chamber and the stored dialysate is discharged by pressurizing the pressurized medium filling chamber. Be done. The dialysate container is capable of holding a predetermined amount of dialysate and having a dialysate outlet, and a pressurized medium filling chamber capable of pressurizing the dialysate housing and having a pressurized medium inlet. And a container having: The shape of the dialysate container has a double structure having a dialysate storage chamber on the inside and a pressurized medium filling chamber on the outside.The pressurized medium filling chamber surrounds the dialysate storage chamber. The formed dialysate storage chamber and the pressurized medium filling chamber are formed flat by a flexible member to form a double-structured bag. One or more dialysate containers can be used depending on the amount of dialysate used. Considering performing peritoneal dialysis while the patient is sleeping using this peritoneal dialysis device, it is preferable to use a plurality of dialysate containers. As the material of the dialysate container, for example, soft polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EV
A) Polyolefin resin such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (P
Polyester, polyamide, polyurethane-based, polyester-based, polyamide-based, olefin-based and styrene-based elastomers such as BT), and silicone-based elastomers, or a combination of two or more of these as appropriate. The dialysate supply means is a means for supplying a dialysate into the abdominal cavity of a patient, and includes a pressurizing unit, a pressurizing control unit, and a first distribution unit.

A preferable pressurizing means is a means for pressurizing the pressurized medium filling chamber to a predetermined pressure. Suitable pressurizing means include, for example, positive displacement pumps such as an air compressor, an air pump, a roller pump, a syringe pump, a finger pump, and a gear pump. Since the peritoneal dialysis device is generally arranged in the vicinity of the patient, a low-noise type pressurizing means such as a roller pump and a low-noise air pump are preferably used so as not to give the patient discomfort due to noise. The operation of the pressurizing unit is controlled by the pressurizing control unit so that the pressurized state in the pressurized medium filling chamber is optimized.

The pressurizing control means has first pressure detecting means for detecting the pressure in the pressurized medium filling chamber, a control operation section, and first pressure releasing means or a safety valve. The control calculation unit receives first pressure detection data output from the first pressure detection means, and controls the pressure means, particularly the volume, so that the pressure in the pressure medium filling chamber becomes a predetermined value based on the data. It issues a pressure control signal to the pump. The predetermined pressure is 500 to 1,500 [mmAq], preferably 800 to 1,200 [mmAq]. The control operation unit issues an open command signal to the first pressure release unit when the pressure in the pressurized medium filling chamber deviates from a predetermined value due to some abnormality, thereby setting the pressurized medium filled chamber to an open state. .

The first flow means is formed so that the dialysate in the dialysate storage chamber can be supplied into the abdominal cavity of the patient.
The preferred first distribution means has a supply pipe capable of supplying the dialysate in the dialysate storage chamber into the abdominal cavity of the patient. More preferred first distribution means includes the supply pipe and a first valve that shuts off or communicates the supply pipe.
When a plurality of dialysate containers are used, a suitable first
The distribution means is a supply pipe having a branch pipe connectable to each branch pipe connected to the dialysate storage chamber of each dialysate container, a switching valve for flowing dialysate to the supply pipe for each dialysate container,
A first valve for adjusting a flow rate of the dialysate flowing through the supply pipe. Other suitable first flow means when a plurality of dialysate containers are used will be described in detail in Examples.

The drainage container is formed so that the drainage after dialysis can be recovered by a suction force. Suitable drainage containers are described in detail in the examples.

The drainage suction means is a means for sucking the dialysate after dialysis as drainage in the drainage container and storing the dialysate in the drainage container. The drainage suction means includes a pressure reduction means, a pressure reduction control means, and a second circulation means. Do it.

The pressure reducing means is means for reducing the pressure in the drainage container. Suitable pressure reducing means include, for example, the positive displacement pump such as an air compressor, an air pump, a roller pump, a syringe pump, a finger pump, and a tubing pump. Among these, a roller pump and a low-noise air pump which have low noise are preferable. The operation of the decompression means is controlled by the decompression control means so that the decompression state in the drainage container is optimized.

The pressure reduction control means includes: a second pressure detection means for detecting a pressure in the drainage container; a control operation unit;
It has a pressure release means or a safety valve. The control operation unit is
A second pressure detection data output from the second pressure detection means is inputted, and a pressure control signal is sent to the pressure reducing means, especially a positive displacement pump, based on the data so that the pressure in the drainage container becomes a predetermined value. Emits. The predetermined pressure is -1,0.
00 to -400 [mmAq], preferably -80
0 to -600 [mmAq]. The control operation unit,
When the pressure in the drainage container deviates from a predetermined value due to some abnormality, an open command signal is issued to the second pressure release means, and the drainage container housing chamber is set in an open state.

The second circulation means is formed so that the drained liquid after dialysis can be sucked into the drainage container. The preferred second circulation means has a discharge pipe capable of supplying the drained liquid after the dialysis to the drainage container. A more preferable second circulation means has a discharge pipe capable of discharging the drained liquid after the dialysis into the drainage container, and a second valve for shutting off or communicating the discharge pipe.

It is preferable to share a part of the supply pipe in the first distribution means and a part of the discharge pipe in the second distribution means. That is, it is branched in the middle of the supply pipe in the first distribution means, and a pipe is connected from the branch point to the drainage container, and a part of the supply pipe in the first distribution means and the branch point to the drainage vessel are connected. It is preferable that the pipe is used as a discharge pipe in the second circulation means. As described above, when a part of the supply pipe in the first circulation means is made a part of the discharge pipe in the second circulation means, a switching valve is provided in the supply pipe so that the flow path can be switched. good.

(Concrete Description)-Example 1-1 1. Configuration of Apparatus FIG. 1 schematically shows a peritoneal dialysis apparatus which is an embodiment of the automatic fluid transfer apparatus of the present invention.

The peritoneal dialysis apparatus comprises a dialysate storage chamber 1a,
1b, 1c, 1d and the pressurized medium filling chamber 2a,
4 dialysate containers 3 each having 2b, 2c, 2d
a, 3b, 3c, 3d; a final dialysate container 3e having a dialysate storage chamber 1e and a pressurized medium filling chamber 2e; a drainage container 6 having a drainage recovery chamber 4 and a decompression chamber 5; Means 7
Pressure reducing means 8, two dialysate flow pipes 9a, 9b,
A communication pipe 10, four branch pipes 11, first to fourth normally closed valves 12, 13, 14, 15, a control operation unit 16, an alarm means 17, an input means 18, an output display means 19; Is provided.

Each of the dialysate containers 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d and the final dialysate container 3e has a dialysate storage chamber and a pressurized medium filling chamber, and a predetermined amount of dialysate is stored in each dialysate storage chamber. It is a bag of a double structure capable of accommodating therein.

The dialysate containers 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d and the final dialysate container 3e are made of a flexible bag-shaped bag for a dialysate storage chamber and a flexible sheet made of a flat bag. And a bag of a dialysate storage chamber in the bag of the pressurized medium filling chamber.

The dialysate containers 3a, 3b, 3c, 3
d and the final dialysate container 3e are provided with outlet pipes 21a, 21b, 21c, 21d and 21e each having a dialysate storage chamber side connector 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d and 20e at the tip.

The dialysate containers 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d and the final dialysate container 3e are arranged so as to be surrounded by a heater 22, which is a main part of the heating means. In the heater 22, the amount of current supplied to the heater 22 is controlled by an operation command signal output from the control operation unit 16, and the amount of current supplied to the dialysis fluid storage chambers 1a, 1b, 1c, 1
The dialysate in d and 1e is heated or the heating is stopped. The heating temperature of the dialysate is preferably a temperature close to the patient's body temperature, for example, 35 to 39.
It is preferable that the temperature is about ° C. In order to accurately control the heating temperature, a temperature measuring means 23 capable of detecting the temperature of the dialysate and being a part of the heating means is provided at an appropriate position on the first weight measuring base 24a. ing.

As the temperature measuring means 23, a temperature can be converted into an electric signal, and for example, a thermistor or a thermocouple can be suitably used. The temperature measuring means 23
The temperature of the dialysate inside the dialysate storage chambers 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d and 1e is accurately measured, and the temperature measurement data is output to the control operation unit 16. Control operation unit 16
Inputs the temperature measurement data and enters the dialysate storage chamber 1a,
The optimum heating conditions of 1b, 1c, 1d and 1e are calculated, and the supply of power to the heater 22 is controlled based on the result.

In the apparatus of the first embodiment, the weights of the dialysate containers 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d and the final dialysate container 3e are measured, and the weight measurement data is sent to the control operation unit 16. Output first weight measuring means 25a
For example, a load cell is provided. Control operation unit 16
Analyzes the weight measurement data output from the first weight measurement means 25a, thereby obtaining the dialysate storage chambers 1a, 1b,
It is monitored whether or not the dialysate is continuously discharged from 1c, 1d and 1e, and the dialysate storage chambers 1a, 1b, 1c and 1d are monitored.
And the amount of dialysate derived from 1e is calculated. Further, when it is determined that the change in the dialysate volume is abnormal, an operation command signal for issuing an alarm to the alarm means 17 is output.

The first weight measuring base 24a is
The dialysis fluid container 3 is connected to the weight measuring means 25a.
It is formed so that the weights of a, 3b, 3c, 3d and the final dialysate container 3e can be accurately measured, and further connected to the heater 22 of the heating means.

The shape of the first weight measuring base 24a may be plate-shaped, or the heater 22 of the heating means or the dialysate container 3 may be used.
a, 3b, 3c, 3d and the final dialysis fluid container 3e may be formed, and the shape is not particularly limited. However, in consideration of weight measurement and heating efficiency, a shape that is not easily affected by the surrounding atmosphere is preferable. Heater 22, a dialysate container 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d and a final dialysate container 3e
Is preferred.

The structures of the dialysate containers 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d and the final dialysate container 3e are as follows.
b, 1c, 1d and 1e are pressurized medium filling chambers 2a, 2
b, 2c, 2d, and 2e, the dialysate containers 3a, 3b, 3 are more completely covered than the dialysate storage chambers 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, and 1e are all in a double structure.
c, 3d, and the contact surface between the final dialysate container 3e and the heater 22 connected to the first weight measuring base 24a are partially filled with the pressurized medium filling chambers 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d.
It is more preferable to adopt a structure in which no heating element 2e is provided, from the viewpoint of heating efficiency. As a material of the first weight measurement base 24a, if it is a hard material which does not deform due to the weight of the dialysate containers 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d and the final dialysate container 3e, the weight of the heating means, the heat generated by the heater, etc. There is no particular limitation, and metals, plastics, and the like can be appropriately selected.

[0086] The dialysate storage chamber 1a,
The dialysate of the same component is usually used for 1b, 1c and 1d, and the dialysate having a higher component concentration than the dialysate of the dialysate storage chambers 1a, 1b, 1c and 1d is used for the dialysate storage chamber 1e.

The pressurizing means 7 is provided in the pressurized medium filling chamber 2.
a, 2b, 2c, 2d and 2e. The pressurizing means 7 in the first embodiment includes an exhaust pipe 26a communicating with the pressurized medium filling chambers 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d and 2e, a positive displacement pump 27a provided in the exhaust pipe 26a, a connector 28a, And a pressurizing branch pipe 29 having a distal end portion 28b, 28c, 28d and 28e.
The connectors 28a, 28b, 28c, 28d and 28e and the pressurized medium filling chamber side connectors 30a, 30b,
30c, 30d and 30e are connected respectively. The pressurizing branch pipe 29 is connected to the first weight measuring unit 25a.
Is a flexible tube that does not apply tension to the dialysate containers 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d and the final dialysate container 3e, and can withstand a desired pressure so that accurate weight measurement can be performed. Tubing is preferred.

The operation of the pressurizing means 7 is as follows.
The pressure control means controls the pressures in a, 2b, 2c, 2d and 2e to a predetermined pressure. The pressurizing control means includes pressurizing medium filling chambers 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d and 2e.
A pressure detecting means 31a for detecting the pressure in the inside and pressure detection data output from the pressure detecting means 31a are inputted, and based on the data, the pressurized medium filling chambers 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d are inputted.
And the control operation unit 16 for issuing a pressure control signal to the pressurizing means 7, especially to the positive displacement pump 27 a, so that the pressure in 2e becomes a predetermined value. By this pressurization control means,
The pressure in the pressurized medium filling chambers 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, and 2e is controlled to a pressure that produces a pushing force equivalent to the pushing force by the liquid injection head used in the CAPD. Specifically, the pressurized medium filling chambers 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d and 2e
The pressure inside is controlled to be usually 500 to 1,500 mmAq, preferably 800 to 1,200 mmAq. When the pressure in the pressurized medium filling chambers 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d and 2e is controlled within such a range, even if occlusion occurs in the tube and the catheter section, the patient is not adversely affected more than the natural head, and furthermore, Automatic peritoneal dialysis can be performed with confidence without damaging the disposable parts.

The pressure detecting means 31a has a function of converting pressure into an electric signal, and may employ a conventionally known measuring means such as a pressure transducer. The control operation unit 16 includes the pressure detection unit 31a
Input pressure detection data output from
In accordance with the result, a pressure control signal for controlling on / off of the pressurizing means 7 or controlling the number of rotations is output. The output of the pressure control signal may be intermittent or continuous.

The pressurizing means 7 has a pressure releasing means 32a for releasing an emergency pressure. The pressure releasing means 32a controls an air flow pipe 33a communicating with the pressurized medium filling chambers 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d and 2e, a valve 34a attached to the air flow pipe 33a, and opening and closing of the valve 34a. And a control operation unit 16. The valve 34a is a normally closed valve. However, if the pressure in the pressurized medium filling chambers 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, and 2e deviates from a predetermined value due to some abnormality, an opening command from the control calculation unit 16 is issued. The state is opened by inputting a signal. like this,
By providing the pressure releasing means 32a, it is possible to prevent an accident that the inside of the pressurized medium filling chambers 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d and 2e is in an abnormal pressurized state. The valve 34a is not particularly limited as long as it can be started or opened and closed by an electric signal. For example, a solenoid valve can be suitably used.

The drainage collection chamber 4 in the drainage container 6 is
It is a flat bag made of a flexible material, such as polyvinyl chloride, which is easily deformed so as to increase the internal volume in response to the pressure reduction in the pressure reducing chamber 5. The maximum liquid storage capacity of the drainage recovery chamber 4 can be appropriately determined according to the number of times of dialysis to be performed, the amount of dialysate used for one dialysis, the amount of water removed, and the like. ２０20 liters, preferably 15-17 liters. The drainage collection chamber 4 is provided with a drainage introduction pipe 35. The drainage introduction pipe 35 has a drainage collection chamber side connector 3 at its distal end.
6 is provided. In addition, a sealing member (not shown) made of a hard member that is not easily deformed even when it receives a pressing force from the outer periphery, between the drain collection chamber side connector 36 and the drain collection chamber 4 in the drain introduction pipe 35. ) Is attached. The drainage collection chamber 4 is housed in a drainage container 6.

The drainage container 6 is formed so that the drainage recovery chamber 4 can be hermetically accommodated therein. The drainage container 6 is provided with an opening (not shown) for accommodating the drainage collection chamber 4 therein. After the drainage collection chamber 4 is accommodated therein through this opening, the opening is formed. Is hermetically covered with a lid member (not shown). At this time, the drainage introduction pipe 35 is sealed by the sealing mechanism with its tip protruding outside. That is, the hermetic seal is provided between the sealing member provided in the drainage introduction pipe 35 and the seal portion provided in the drainage container 6, and the airtightness in the drainage container 6 is ensured. The drainage container 6 is preferably formed of a hard material to withstand pressure. The one that does not easily deform itself prevents the drainage container 6 from being deformed or destroyed even if the decompression chamber 5 in the space accommodating the drainage recovery chamber 4 is maintained at a predetermined reduced pressure state. Is done.

It is preferable that the material of the drainage container 6 is a transparent material. When the drainage container 6 is formed of a transparent material, the pressure deformation of the drainage recovery chamber 4 accommodated therein and the amount of drainage collected in the drainage recovery chamber 4 can be externally observed. Further, instead of forming the drainage container 6 with a transparent material, a transparent window may be formed in a part of the wall surface of the drainage container 6 so that the drainage container 6 can be observed from the outside. Suitable examples of the material of the drainage container 6 include an acrylic resin and a polycarbonate resin.

The decompression means 8 has the function of decompressing the decompression chamber 5 which is the internal space of the drainage container 6 containing the drainage recovery chamber 4. The decompression means 8 in the first embodiment includes an exhaust pipe 26b communicating with the decompression chamber 5 and the exhaust pipe 26b.
And a pressure relief means 32b for releasing an emergency pressure. The operation of the pressure reducing means 8 is as follows.
The pressure reduction control means controls the pressure reduction state in the drainage container 6 so as to be optimal. This pressure reduction control means is provided in the drainage container 6.
Detecting means 31 for detecting the pressure in the decompression chamber 5 at the time
b For example, a pressure transducer or the like and a pressure detecting means 3
1b, the pressure detection data output from the controller 1b is input, and the pressure in the decompression chamber 5 is set to a predetermined value based on the data.
The control operation unit 16 for issuing a pressure control signal to the pressure reducing means 8, particularly to the positive displacement pump 27 b.

The pressure in the decompression chamber 5 is controlled by the decompression control means to a pressure at which a suction force equivalent to the suction force by the drainage head used in the CAPD is generated. In particular,
The pressure in the decompression chamber 5 is usually -1,000 to -400 mm
Aq, preferably -800 to -600 mmAq. If the pressure in the decompression chamber 5 is controlled within such a range, automatic peritoneal dialysis can be performed with confidence even for a patient or the like in which the omentum tends to clog the catheter 37. The pressure detecting means 31b is not particularly limited as long as it has a function of converting pressure into an electric signal, but a conventionally known detecting means such as a pressure transducer can be adopted. The control calculation unit 16 receives the pressure detection data output from the pressure detection unit 31b, performs an arithmetic process, and controls on / off control of the pressure reduction unit 8 or control of the number of revolutions according to the result. Output the pressure control signal to be performed. The output of the pressure control signal may be intermittent or continuous.

The pressure release means 32b includes an air flow pipe 33b communicating with the pressure reducing chamber 5 of the drainage container 6, a valve 34b attached to the air flow pipe 33b, and a control operation for controlling the opening and closing of this valve. And 16. Although the valve 34b is a normally closed valve, when the pressure in the decompression chamber 5 deviates from a predetermined value due to some abnormality, the valve 34b is opened by inputting an open command signal from the control operation unit 16.

By providing such a pressure releasing means 32b, it is possible to prevent an accident that the inside of the drainage container 6 becomes abnormally decompressed. The valve 34b is not particularly limited as long as it can be started or opened and closed by an electric signal. For example, a solenoid valve can be suitably used.

The peritoneal dialysis apparatus is provided with a second weight measuring means 25b for measuring the weight of the drainage collection chamber 4 and outputting the weight measurement data to the control operation section 16. The control operation unit 16 monitors whether or not the dialysis drainage is continuously introduced into the drainage collection chamber 4 from the patient's abdominal cavity based on the input weight measurement data. Monitor for any liquid leaks,
The amount of dialysate drained from the patient's abdominal cavity is calculated. When the control calculation unit 16 determines that the change in the measured weight is abnormal, it outputs an operation command signal to the alarm unit 17.

The dialysate flow pipe 9a which is a part of the supply pipe
Has one end connected to one end of the branch pipe 11 and the other end connected to the connecting pipe 10. Dialysate flow pipe 9a
A first normally closed valve 12, which is a part of the first valve, is provided between the branch pipe 11 and the connecting pipe 10. The branch pipe 1
Reference numeral 1 denotes the other end of the dialysate storage chambers 1a, 1b, 1
c, 1d each of the dialysate storage chamber side connectors 20a, 20
b, 20c, 20d connectable connectors 38a, 38
b, 38c and 38d.

The dialysate flow pipe 9b, which is a part of the supply pipe,
At one end thereof, there is provided a connector 38e which can be connected to the dialysate storage chamber side connector 20e of the dialysate storage chamber 1e, and at the other end it is connected to the connecting pipe 10. Between the connector 38e of the dialysate flow pipe 9b and the connecting pipe 10, a second normally closed valve 13, which is a part of the first valve, is provided. The connecting pipe 10 is provided with a connector 39 which can be connected to the drainage collection chamber side connector 36 at one end thereof, and is connected to a catheter side connector 40 of a catheter 37 indwelled in the abdominal cavity of a patient by surgery at the other end. A connectable connector 41 is provided.

The connecting pipe 10 is connected to the dialysate flow pipes 9a and 9b in the middle of one end and the other end. A fourth normally closed valve 15 is provided midway between the connector 41 and a branch point A, which is a connection point between the dialysate flow pipe 9a and the communication pipe 10, and a connection point between the dialysate flow pipe 9b and the communication pipe 10. A third normally closed valve 14, which is an example of a second valve, is provided halfway between a certain branch point B and the connector 39.

The dialysate flow pipes 9a and 9b, the first normally closed valve 12 and the second normally closed valve 13 constitute a main part of the first flow means in the present invention.

The drain introduction pipe 35 and the third normally closed valve 14 constitute the main parts of the second flow means in the present invention.

The first to fourth normally closed valves 12, 13, 1
4 and 15 are always in a closed state,
When the operation control signal from the control operation unit 16 is input, the state is opened. The first to fourth normally closed valves 12, 13, 14, and 15 in the first embodiment are all solenoid pinch valves that shut off a flow path by sandwiching a tube from outside. If a valve that can open and close the flow path without contacting the dialysate inside, such as this solenoid pinch valve, is used as a valve to control the opening and closing of the flow path, the risk of bacterial contamination is significantly reduced. be able to. Above all, a valve having a small operation sound is preferable, and for example, a rotary pinch valve can be particularly preferably employed.

The control operation section 16 is provided with the dialysate containers 3a, 3b, 3c, 3 output from the first weight measuring means 25a.
d and the weight measurement data of the final dialysate container 3e, the weight measurement data of the drainage recovery chamber 4 output from the second weight measurement unit 25b, the temperature measurement data output from the temperature measurement unit 23, and the pressure detection unit 31a. And the pressure detection data output from 31b, and various calculations based on these various data, various determinations by comparing the calculation results with information stored in the internal storage device, or monitoring of the operation state of each unit. And so on. In addition, an operation control signal is output to the first to fourth normally closed valves 12, 13, 14, and 15, and an operation command signal is output to the heater 22 according to a certain flow or based on the result of the determination or monitoring. And
A pressure control signal is output to the pressurizing means 7 and the depressurizing means 8 to control them. Further, when it is determined that a predetermined abnormal state has occurred, the pressure release means 32a,
32b to output an open command signal to avoid an abnormal pressurized state and / or depressurized state, and / or an alarm unit 1
7, an operation command signal is output to issue an alarm. The alarm unit 17 issues an alarm in response to an operation command signal from the control operation unit 16 when an abnormal state occurs. The alarm is performed with a visual or audible signal, and in some cases, both a visual alarm and an audible alarm are executed. For example, the alarm means includes a red lamp that can blink to indicate a flow path abnormality, an alarm sound generation apparatus that can generate an alarm sound indicating a flow path abnormality, and a voice synthesis apparatus that issues a flow path abnormality by a synthesized voice. A combination with a speaker capable of generating a synthesized voice is included.

The input means 18 is, for example, a keyboard capable of inputting various conditions required for dialysis, such as the amount of dialysate injected, the number of times of dialysis, the dialysis time, etc., to the control operation unit 16.

The output display means 19 includes a control operation unit 16
The dialysis state, various instruction contents, and the like are displayed while receiving the control of, for example, a CRT device, a liquid crystal display device, various lamps, and a combination thereof.

2. Operation and Operation of Apparatus The peritoneal dialysis apparatus configured as described above is operated and operates as follows. Using this peritoneal dialysis device, dialysis is performed four times while the patient is asleep, and after the fourth dialysis is completed, a fifth dialysis solution is injected into the abdominal cavity of the patient, and the dialysis is performed until the next bedtime. The case where the dialysate is kept stored in the abdominal cavity will be described.

(1) Connection of dialysate container, connection of drainage collection chamber, etc. (Preparation) To perform CCPD using this peritoneal dialysis apparatus, first,
From the input means 18, various data necessary for the dialysis operation, such as the number of times of dialysis and the amount of dialysate injected, are input to the control calculation means 16.

Next, the dialysate container 3 filled with the dialysate is
a, 3b, 3c, 3d, a final dialysate container 3e and an empty drain collection chamber 4 are mounted on this device. That is, the dialysate containers 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d filled with the dialysate and the final dialysate container 3e are connected to the first weight measurement base 2.
4a, and is arranged so as to be surrounded by the dialysate storage chamber side connectors 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d and 20e.
Are connectors 38a, 38b, 38c, 38d and 38
e. The drainage collection chamber 4 is disposed inside the drainage container 6, and the drainage collection chamber side connector 36 is connected to the connector 39. In this connection, the first to fourth normally closed valves 1
2, 13, 14, and 15 are all in a closed state.

When these connections are completed, the first weight measuring means 25a and the second weight measuring means 25b determine the weight of the dialysate containers 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, the final dialysate container 3e, and the drainage collection chamber 4. Measurement starts. These first weight measuring means 25a and second weight measuring means 25b
Outputs the weight measurement data to the control calculation unit 16 continuously. The control calculation unit 16 calculates the amount of change per hour of the weight of the dialysate containers 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, the final dialysate container 3e, and the drainage collection chamber 4 using the input weight measurement data.

The first to fourth normally closed valves 12, 1
In the state in which all of the dialysate containers 3a, 3b, 3c, and 3d, the final dialysate container 3e, and the drainage collection chamber 4 do not change in the weight in the closed state. I do. When a change in weight is recognized even after a predetermined time has elapsed after the connection, the control calculation unit 16 determines that the dialysate has leaked or that the first to fourth normally closed valves 1
It is determined that the closing of the flow path by 2,13,14,15 is not complete, and a display such as a bad connection is displayed on the output display means 19.
And / or outputs an operation command signal so as to issue an alarm to the alarm means 17. On the other hand, the control operation unit 1
When it is determined that the connection is good and no abnormality such as liquid leakage has occurred, the output signal means 6 outputs an operation command signal for causing the output display means 19 to display a display such as completion of connection.

(2) First Washing Operation and Priming Operation The temperature of the dialysate stored in the dialysate storage chambers 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d and 1e is determined by the heater 22, the temperature measuring means 23, and the control operation unit. 16 and is maintained at a preset predetermined temperature. That is, the temperature measurement data output from the temperature measurement unit 23 is input to the control calculation unit 16, and the control calculation unit 16 compares the set temperature previously input by the input unit 18 with the measurement temperature based on the temperature measurement data. By comparison, it is determined whether the measured temperature is maintained within a predetermined range or out of the predetermined temperature range.

When the control operation section 16 determines that the measured temperature is within a predetermined set temperature range, the output display means 19
For example, turning on a green lamp indicates that the temperature of the dialysate in the dialysate storage chambers 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, and 1e is controlled within an appropriate range. On the other hand, if it is determined that the measured temperature is not within the predetermined set temperature range, the output display means 19 causes the red lamp to blink, for example, so that the inside of the dialysis fluid storage chambers 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, and 1e. If it is determined that the temperature of the dialysate is not within the predetermined temperature range and that the temperature of the dialysate in the dialysate storage chambers 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d and 1e is higher than a preset temperature, , The temperature of the dialysate is lowered by stopping the heating by the heater 22, or by reducing the amount of electricity supplied to the heater 22, to reduce the temperature of the dialysate storage chamber 1a,
If it is determined that the temperature of the dialysate in 1b, 1c, 1d and 1e is lower than the preset temperature, the heater 22
The dialysis fluid is further heated by increasing the amount of current in or by further extending the current.

By performing such determination and control based on the result of the determination, the dialysate storage chambers 1a, 1b, 1
The dialysate in c, 1d and 1e is maintained at a predetermined temperature. Further, the control calculation unit 16 controls the dialysate storage chambers 1a, 1
As a result of the temperature of the dialysate in b, 1c, 1d and 1e exceeding a predetermined temperature range, a signal for stopping the heating is output,
If an abnormal situation such as a further rise in temperature has occurred even after the elapse of a predetermined time, an operation command signal is output to the alarm means 17. The alarm means 17 receives the operation command signal and outputs an alarm sound or an alarm.

(3) First dialysis operation (3-1) Discharge of drainage When dialysis is started, dialysate ("") that has been stored in the abdominal cavity of the patient for the previous dialysis after water removal is used. Dialysate after dialysis "or" drainage "). For this purpose, the dialysate from which water has been removed from the peritoneal cavity is collected in the drainage collection chamber 4 before dialysis is newly started.

That is, the control operation unit 16 is provided with the pressure reducing means 8
And outputs an operation control signal to operate the positive displacement pump 27b. The air in the decompression chamber 5 of the drainage container 6 is discharged by the operation of the positive displacement pump 27b, and the interior of the decompression chamber 5 is reduced in pressure.

At this time, the pressure outside the drain recovery chamber 4 is controlled within an appropriate pressure range as follows. That is, the pressure detecting means 31b in this peritoneal dialysis device
The pressure in the decompression chamber 5 of the drainage container 6 is detected, and pressure detection data is output to the control operation unit 16. The control calculation unit 16 performs a predetermined calculation based on the pressure detection data, and determines whether the pressure in the pressure reducing chamber 5 is within a set pressure range. As a result, if it is determined that the pressure is higher than the predetermined pressure range, that is, if it is determined that the predetermined pressure reduction has not been achieved, the pressure reducing means 8
, A pressure reduction control signal is output, and the evacuation is continuously performed, or the evacuation speed is increased. On the other hand, when it is determined that the pressure is within the predetermined range, a pressure reduction control signal is output to the pressure reducing means 8 to stop the exhaust or reduce the exhaust speed.

[0119] The above-described determination and control are continuously performed by the control calculation section 16 so that the inside of the decompression chamber 5 is maintained at a predetermined decompression state.

Further, the pressure in the decompression chamber 5 becomes excessively lower than a pressure within a preset allowable range, and the control operation section 16 outputs a decompression control signal to the decompression means 8 to stop the exhaust. In spite of the above, when an abnormal situation such that the exhaust by the pressure reducing means 8 does not stop occurs, the control calculation unit 16 determines the occurrence of the abnormal situation based on the pressure detection data input from the pressure detecting means 31b. At the same time, it outputs an operation command signal for outputting a warning to the warning means 17 and outputs a release command signal to the pressure release means 32b. The pressure release means 32b receiving this release command signal
Opens the valve 34 b and introduces air into the decompression chamber 5. In this manner, further decompression in the decompression chamber 5 is avoided, and damage caused by the occurrence of this abnormal decompression state can be minimized. Occurrence can be avoided.

An operation control signal output from the control operation unit 16 is input to close the first normally closed valve 12 and the second normally closed valve 13, while the third normally closed valve 14 and the fourth normally closed valve 14 are closed. The closing valve 15 is opened. Then,
Since the inside of the decompression chamber 5, that is, the outside of the drainage recovery chamber 4 is in a depressurized state, the dialysed drainage stored in the patient's body is subjected to the catheter 37, the communication tube 10, It flows through the introduction pipe 35 and is forcibly accommodated in the drainage collection chamber 4.

As described above, the dialysate stored in the abdominal cavity of the patient is discharged while the inside of the decompression chamber 5, that is, the outside of the drainage recovery chamber 4 is maintained at a predetermined decompression state.

The effluent after the dialysis flows through the connecting portion of the connector 40 and the connector 41 on the catheter 37 side,
Bacteria adhering to these connectors are washed away. The discharge of the dialysate after the dialysis is continued until the entire amount of the dialysate after the dialysis stored in the abdominal cavity, that is, the drainage, is discharged into the drainage recovery chamber 4. During this time, the decompression chamber 5 of the drainage container 6 is maintained at a predetermined decompression state as described above.

The determination that the entire amount of the dialysate has been discharged from the patient's peritoneal cavity after dialysis is made as follows.

That is, when dialysis is performed in the abdominal cavity, the body fluid is removed and a dialysate after the dialysis is stored in the abdominal cavity in an amount equal to or greater than the amount injected. The amount of water removal varies depending on the age, weight, degree of kidney function, etc. of the patient, but the amount of water removal for each patient can be estimated from medical experience. Therefore, the estimated water removal amount of the patient is stored in the storage device in the control calculation unit 16 via the input unit 18 in advance. Alternatively, the patient's age, gender, medical history and the like are input in advance through the input means 18 to calculate the water removal amount of the patient as an estimated value in the control operation unit 16, and the storage unit in the control operation unit 16 The estimated water removal amount is stored. The amount of dialysate actually injected into the abdominal cavity is calculated from the measurement data output from the first weight measuring means 25a, and is stored in the storage device in the control calculation unit 16 as the amount of dialysate injected.

On the other hand, the drainage collection chamber 4 of the drainage container 6
The amount of the dialysate collected after the dialysis, that is, the waste liquid, is monitored by the second weight measuring means 25b and the control calculation unit 16, and the control calculation unit 16 calculates the liquid collected in the drain collection chamber 4 based on the input measurement data. When it is determined that the amount is substantially equal to the sum of the patient's water removal amount and the stored infused dialysate amount, it is determined that the entire dialysate (drainage) after dialysis has been collected. Then, an operation control signal is output to the third normally closed valve 14 and the fourth normally closed valve 15, and the third normally closed valve 1
The fourth and fourth normally closed valves 15 are closed.

As described above, the drainage is performed, and at the same time, the washing operation and the priming operation of the portion that may be contaminated by bacteria or the like are achieved.

(3-2) Injection of dialysate The dialysate in the dialysate chamber is injected into the peritoneal cavity as follows. That is, the control calculation unit 16 outputs an operation control signal to the pressurizing means 7 to operate the positive displacement pump 27a. By the operation of the positive displacement pump 27a, air is pressed into the pressurized medium filling chambers 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d and 2e, and the dialysate storage chambers 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d.
And around 1e are pressurized.

An operation control signal is output from the control calculation section 16 to the first normally closed valve 12 and the fourth normally closed valve 15, and the first normally closed valve 12 and the fourth normally closed valve 15 are opened. . At this time, the second normally closed valve 13 and the third normally closed valve 14 remain closed.

Further, an operation control signal is output from the control operation section 16 to an opening / closing valve (not shown) provided at a connection portion between the dialysate storage chamber 1a and the outlet pipe 21a, and the operation control signal is output from the dialysate storage chamber 1a. The pipe 21a communicates. Thus, the outlet pipe 21a of the dialysate storage chamber 1a, the dialysate flow pipe 9a, the connecting pipe 10, and the catheter 37 form one flow passage.

Since the pressurized medium filling chamber 2a is in a pressurized state, the dialysate heated to a predetermined temperature is supplied from the dialysate storage chamber 1a to the dialysate flow passage 9a and the catheter 3a.
7 into the peritoneal cavity.

At this time, the first weight measuring means 2
5a continuously measures the weight of the dialysate container 3a,
The measurement data is output to the control calculation unit 16. Then, the control calculation unit 16 calculates the weight reduction rate of the dialysate in the dialysate storage chamber 1a in the same manner as described above, and the weight reduction rate becomes equal to or less than a predetermined threshold value or equal to or more than the threshold value, or It is determined whether it is not 0. Then, when it is determined that the dialysate is supplied into the peritoneal cavity at a normal weight loss rate, an operation command signal is output,
For example, a "green lamp" indicating a normal operation in the output display means 19 is turned on.

If the amount of dialysate discharged from the dialysate storage chamber 1a does not reach the predetermined amount for dialysate to be injected into the abdominal cavity, the predetermined weight reduction rate is lower than the predetermined threshold or higher than the threshold. When it becomes 0 or becomes 0, the control operation unit 16 which has detected it outputs an operation command signal to the alarm means 17 to call attention to the patient. Upon receiving this alarm, the patient examines whether the dialysate flow passage is bent, or whether the amount remaining in the dialysate storage chamber 1a matches the infusion amount indicated by the output display means 19, and the like. If possible, eliminate the cause of the abnormality.

When the non-communication state is resolved, the control calculation unit 16 recognizes that the non-communication state has been resolved based on the weight measurement data output from the first weight measuring means 25a, and stops the alarm, or stops injecting the dialysate. A display indicating that the operation is normally performed is displayed on the output display unit 19.

The control calculation section 16 includes a first weight measuring means 25.
By confirming that the dialysate in the dialysate storage chamber 1a has been discharged in its entirety or has been discharged with a predetermined amount remaining based on the weight measurement data continuously input from a, it is determined that the dialysate has been completely injected. . Control operation unit 1 that has determined that dialysate injection has been completed
6 makes the output display means 19 execute the display of the completion of the injection,
An operation control signal is output to the first normally closed valve 12 and the fourth normally closed valve 15 to switch these normally closed valves to the closed state.

As described above, the infusion of the dialysate in the dialysate storage chamber 1a into the peritoneal cavity is completed. The dialysate injected into the peritoneal cavity is stored in the peritoneal cavity for a predetermined period of time, and peritoneal dialysis is performed.

(4) Second and subsequent dialysis When the first dialysis is completed, the second dialysis is performed. When performing the second dialysis operation, the first
The post-dialysis dialysate stored in the abdominal cavity by the second dialysis operation needs to be discharged to the drainage recovery chamber 4 of the drainage container 6. The operation of discharging the dialysate after dialysis, the confirmation of the discharge of the entire dialysate after dialysis, the monitoring of the reduced pressure state during the discharge, and the like are performed in the same manner as in the first dialysis operation.

When the dialysate after the dialysis is completely drained into the drainage collection chamber 4, the dialysate in the dialysate storage chamber 1b heated to a predetermined temperature is injected into the abdominal cavity. The flow path of the dialysate at this time is formed by the outlet pipe 21b, the dialysate flow pipe 9a, the communication pipe 10, and the catheter 37.

The operation of injecting the dialysate into the peritoneal cavity from the dialysate accommodating chamber 1b, the monitoring of the flow state in the flow passage during the injection, and the like are performed in the same manner as the first dialysate injection.

In the second dialysis, the dialysate storage chamber 1
When the dialysate maintained at a predetermined temperature is injected into the abdominal cavity from b, the second dialysis is performed for a predetermined time. Upon completion of the second dialysis, a third dialysis is performed.

In the case of performing the third dialysis operation, it is necessary to discharge the dialysate after dialysis stored in the peritoneal cavity to the drainage collection chamber 4 of the drainage container 6 by the second dialysis operation. . The discharge of the dialysate after dialysis is the same as in the first dialysis operation.

When the dialysate after the dialysis is completely discharged to the drainage recovery chamber 4, the dialysate in the dialysate storage chamber 1c maintained at a predetermined temperature is injected into the abdominal cavity. At this time, the dialysate flow path is formed by the outlet pipe 21c, the dialysate flow pipe 9a, the communication pipe 10, and the catheter 37. The injection of the dialysate into the peritoneal cavity from the dialysate storage chamber 1c is performed by the same operation as the first dialysate injection.

Even in the case of performing the fourth dialysis operation, it is necessary to discharge the dialysate after dialysis stored in the peritoneal cavity into the drainage collection chamber 4 of the drainage container 6 by the third dialysis operation. . The discharge of the dialysate after dialysis is the same as in the first dialysis operation.

When the dialysate after the dialysis is completely discharged into the drainage recovery chamber 4, the dialysate in the dialysate storage chamber 1d is injected into the abdominal cavity. The flow path of the dialysate at this time is formed by the outlet pipe 21d, the dialysate flow pipe 9a, the communication pipe 10, and the catheter 37. The injection of the dialysate into the peritoneal cavity from the dialysate storage chamber 1d is performed by the same operation as the first dialysate injection. Upon completion of the fourth dialysis, a fifth dialysis is performed.

Even in the case of performing the fifth dialysis operation, it is necessary to discharge the dialyzed solution stored in the peritoneal cavity into the drainage collection chamber 4 of the drainage container 6 by the fourth dialysis operation. . The discharge of the dialysate after dialysis is the same as in the first dialysis operation.

When the dialysate after the dialysis is completely discharged into the drainage recovery chamber 4, the dialysate in the dialysate storage chamber 1e maintained at a predetermined temperature is injected into the abdominal cavity. The flow path of the dialysate at this time is formed by the outlet pipe 21e, the dialysate flow pipe 9b, the communication pipe 10, and the catheter 37. The injection of the dialysate into the peritoneal cavity from the dialysate storage chamber 1e is performed by the same operation as the first dialysate injection.

In the fifth or final dialysis, the fifth dialysis (the last one) (final The time until the completion of the dialysis infusion is adjusted.

When the patient is almost awake, the fifth time (final)
The infusion of dialysate into the peritoneal cavity of the dialysis has been completed. The patient removes the connector 40 on the catheter 37 side from the connector 41 and attaches the cap to the connector 40 on the catheter 37 side. In this state, the patient is free from the peritoneal dialysis device, and can carry out his daily life almost without any trouble. Then, while the patient is in daily life, dialysis is performed with the dialysate stored in the abdominal cavity.

In the second and subsequent dialysis operations,
When the dialysate after dialysis stored in the abdominal cavity is discharged into the drainage collection chamber 4, the drainage is transferred from the peritoneal cavity to the drainage collection chamber 4 by the second weight measuring means 25b and the control calculation unit 16. The flow path in the unconnected state is monitored, and it is determined whether or not the entire amount of post-dialysis dialysate stored in the peritoneal cavity has been discharged,
After it is confirmed that the entire amount has been discharged, the dialysate is infused into the peritoneal cavity.

In the second and subsequent dialysis operations,
When the post-dialysis dialysate stored in the abdominal cavity is discharged to the drainage collection chamber 4, the second weight measuring means 25b and the control calculation unit 16 perform the same procedure as described above.
The state of flow from the tip of 7 to the drainage recovery chamber 4 is monitored, and an alarm is issued by the alarm means 17 when an abnormal flow occurs.

In this fluid transfer device, the amount of dialysate to be injected into the peritoneum is stored in the storage device of the control operation unit 16 for each dialysis, and the amount of dialysate collected in the drain collection chamber 4 The amount of the dialysate is stored in the storage device in the control operation unit 16. At the end of each dialysis, the control calculation unit 16 subtracts the dialysate volume injected into the peritoneum from the post-dialysis dialysate volume to calculate the water removal volume. While the calculated amount of water removal is stored in the storage device, the control calculation unit 16 outputs data indicating the amount of water removal to the output display means 19, so that the output display means 19 displays the amount of water removed by dialysis each time. Let it. Furthermore, when dialysis four times a day is completed, 5
By adding the amount of water removed by the first dialysis to calculate the amount of water removed per day and storing the calculated amount in the storage device, the data indicating the amount of water removed per day is output to the output display means 19.
The amount of water removed per day is displayed on the output display means 19. If desired, the output display means 19 displays the amount of water removed as a result of dialysis each time, the amount of water removed per day, and the amount of water removed as a result of dialysis from a certain point in time in the past to the present. It can be printed out or displayed on a CRT screen.

Embodiment 2 FIG. 2 schematically shows a peritoneal dialysis apparatus which is an embodiment of the automatic fluid transfer apparatus according to the present invention. In the peritoneal dialysis apparatus of the second embodiment, the drainage container 6 and the decompression means 8 in the first embodiment are modified as described below, and the parts that are not deformed are the same as in the first embodiment.

The drainage container 6 in the second embodiment has a drainage recovery chamber 4 and a decompression chamber 5. The drainage collection chamber 4 is provided with a drainage introduction pipe 35. A drain collection chamber side connector 36 is provided at the tip of the drain introduction pipe 35. An outlet pipe 42 is provided in the decompression chamber 5. A decompression chamber side connector 43 is provided at a distal end of the outlet pipe 42.

The drainage container 6 is the second weight measuring base 2.
4b. The second weight measurement base 24b is connected to the second weight measurement means 25b, and the drainage container 6
It is formed so that the weight of the can be accurately measured.

The decompression means 8A in the second embodiment has the function of decompressing the decompression chamber 5 of the drainage container 6. Decompression means 8A
The exhaust pipe 26c provided with the connector 44 connectable to the decompression chamber side connector 43, the positive displacement pump 27b provided in the exhaust pipe 26c, and the pressure release means 32 for emergency pressure release
c. The operation of the decompression means 8A is controlled by the decompression control means so that the decompression state in the decompression chamber 5 of the drainage container 6 is optimized. This pressure reduction control means is provided in the middle of the exhaust pipe 26c between the connector 44 and the positive displacement pump 27b, and detects pressure in the pressure reduction chamber 5 of the drainage container 6, and pressure detection means 31c. The pressure detection data output from the controller is input, and based on the pressure detection data, the pressure in the decompression chamber 5 is set to a predetermined value such that the pressure in the decompression chamber 5 becomes a predetermined value.
In particular, it has the control operation section 16 for issuing a pressure control signal to the positive displacement pump 27b.

The pressure release means 32 c is connected to the connector 44.
It comprises an air flow pipe 33c branching from the middle of the exhaust pipe 26c between the pump and the positive displacement pump 27b, a valve 34c attached to the air flow pipe 33c, and a control calculation unit 16 for controlling the opening and closing of this valve.

The drainage container 6 in the second embodiment is connected to the drainage recovery chamber side connector 36 and the decompression chamber side connector 43 by connecting them to the connector 39 and the connector 44, respectively, and dialysis is performed. Can be used as disposable parts by removing the drainage collection chamber side connector 36 and the decompression chamber side connector 43 from the connector 39 and the connector 44, respectively.

The drainage container 6 in the second embodiment has a drainage recovery chamber 4 and a decompression chamber 5. The drainage container 6 has a structure in which the volume of the drainage recovery chamber 4 and the decompression chamber 5 can be changed due to a change in the volume of the drainage container 6, although the volume of the entire drainage container 6 does not change. As the drainage container 6, for example, the drainage container 6 having the double structure using a flexible member in the drainage collection chamber 4 and a hard member in the decompression chamber 5, or the drainage collection chamber 4 and the decompression chamber 5. The drainage container 6 having the adjacent structure in which a portion that is deformed by a change in volume is formed of a flexible member, and a portion of the decompression chamber 5 that is not in contact with the drainage recovery chamber 4 is formed of a hard member can be used.

As another example of the drainage container 6 in Embodiment 2, it is preferable that the decompression chamber 5 is formed so as not to be crushed to the atmospheric pressure when the decompression chamber 5 is depressurized by the decompression means 8A. Rather than forming the drainage recovery chamber 4 and the decompression chamber 5 of the drainage container 6 only with a flexible member, a method in which a hard member reinforcing material is combined with the decompression chamber 5 so that the decompression chamber 5 is not crushed to the atmospheric pressure. However, it is preferable in that the decompression force is efficiently transmitted from the decompression chamber 5 to the drainage recovery chamber 4.

In the drainage container 6 in the second embodiment, the pressure in the decompression chamber 5 is reduced by the decompression means 8A through the exhaust pipe 26c. The volume in the decompression chamber 5 decreases, and conversely, the drainage collection chamber 4
The volume inside increases. Then, the drainage is collected in the drainage collection chamber 4.

In the peritoneal dialysis apparatus of the second embodiment, the drainage container 6 can be made lighter and smaller than in the case of the first embodiment. The operation of the apparatus other than the above and the dialysis operation are the same as in the first embodiment.

-Embodiment 3- Various structures can be given as the first container used in the automatic fluid transfer device according to the present invention, for example, a peritoneal dialysis device.

For example, as shown in FIG. 3, a dialysis fluid storage chamber 1 formed of a flexible member is provided on the inside, and a pressurized medium filling chamber 2 formed of a flexible member is provided on the outside. A double-structured bag can be mentioned.

For example, as shown in FIG. 4, two adjacent chambers formed of a flexible member and capable of causing a volume change are provided as a dialysate storage chamber 1 and a pressurized medium filling chamber 2. A bag having an adjacent structure can be given.

For example, as shown in FIG. 5, a dialysis fluid storage chamber 1 formed of a flexible member is provided on the inside, and a pressurized medium filling chamber 2 formed of a hard member is provided on the outside. A dialysate container having a double structure can be used.

For example, as shown in FIG. 6, two adjacent chambers formed of a flexible member and a hard member and capable of causing a volume change are connected to the dialysate storage chamber 1 and the pressurized medium charging chamber. A dialysate container having an adjacent structure as the chamber 2 can be used.

Further, as shown in FIG. 7, for example, as shown in FIG.
And a drainage container having a double structure having a decompression chamber 5 formed of a hard member on the outside.

As shown in FIG. 8, adjacent two chambers formed of a flexible member and a hard member and capable of causing a change in volume have a drain collection chamber 4 and a decompression chamber 5. A drainage container having a structure can be given.

[0169]

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a small-sized automatic fluid transfer device such as a peritoneal dialysis device which is simple and simple in mechanism.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a peritoneal dialysis apparatus capable of performing the dialysis operation reliably and automatically even while the patient is sleeping.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a peritoneal dialysis apparatus capable of reliably performing a dialysis operation without causing contamination by bacteria even when the patient operates the patient.

According to the present invention, there is provided a peritoneal dialysis apparatus capable of performing peritoneal dialysis safely and reliably regardless of whether the patient is sleeping on a futon or a bed, that is, regardless of the position of the patient. Can be provided.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a peritoneal dialysis apparatus capable of safely and reliably performing automatic peritoneal dialysis without generating noise and without hindering sleep of a patient.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a peritoneal dialysis device which is more space-saving than a conventional peritoneal dialysis device.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a peritoneal dialysis apparatus that can achieve any or all of the above objects without requiring complicated circuit layout and special disposable parts.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an automatic peritoneal apparatus in an embodiment of the automatic transfer apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an automatic peritoneal apparatus in one embodiment of the automatic transfer apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a double-structured bag in one embodiment of the automatic transfer device of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a bag having an adjacent structure in one embodiment of the automatic transfer device of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a double-dialysis fluid container in one embodiment of the automatic transfer device of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a dialysate container having an adjacent structure in one embodiment of the automatic transfer device of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a double structure drainage container in an embodiment of the automatic transfer device of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing a drainage container having an adjacent structure in one embodiment of the automatic transfer device of the present invention.

[Description of Signs] 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e: dialysate storage chamber, 2
a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e ... pressurized medium filling chamber, 3
a, 3b, 3c, 3d: dialysate container, 3e: final dialysate container, 4: drain collection chamber, 5: decompression chamber,
6 ... drainage container, 7 ... pressurizing means, 8, 8A ...
Decompression means, 9a, 9b ... dialysate flow pipe, 10 ...
Connecting pipe, 11 ... branch pipe, 12 ... first normally closed valve,
13 ... second normally closed valve, 14 ... third normally closed valve, 15 ... fourth normally closed valve, 16 ... control operation unit, 17 ... alarm means, 18 ... input Means, 19
..Output display means, 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d,
20e: dialysate storage chamber side connector, 21a, 21
b, 21c, 21d, 21e ... lead-out pipe, 22 ...
Heater, 23: temperature measuring means, 24a: first weight measuring base, 24b: second weight measuring base,
25a: first weight measuring means, 25b: second weight measuring means, 26a, 26b, 26c: exhaust pipe, 27
a, 27b ... positive displacement pump, 28a, 28b, 28
c, 28d, 28e ... connector, 29 ... pressurizing branch pipe, 30a, 30b, 30c, 30d, 30e ... pressurized medium filling chamber side connector, 31a, 31b, 31c ...
Pressure detecting means, 32a, 32b, 32c ... pressure releasing means, 33a, 33b, 33c ... air flow pipe, 3
4a, 34b, 34c ... valve, 35 ... drainage introduction pipe, 36 ... drainage recovery chamber side connector, 37 ... catheter, 38a, 38b, 38c, 38d, 38e
··· Connector, 39 ··· Connector, 40 ··· Catheter side connector, 41 ··· Connector, 42 ··· Outlet tube, 43 ··· Decompression chamber side connector, 44 ··· Connector.

Continued on front page F-term (reference) 4C077 AA06 BB01 CC02 DD01 DD07 DD21 DD26 EE03 EE04 GG02 HH02 HH13 HH14 HH16 HH21 JJ02 JJ15 JJ16 KK09 KK23 KK25 PP12 PP13

Claims (6)

[Claims] A first container having a storage chamber for storing a fluid and a pressurization chamber for pressurizing the storage chamber, and a fluid supply for supplying the fluid to a predetermined location by pressurizing the pressurization chamber. Means and a second fluid capable of containing the fluid at the predetermined location.
An automatic fluid transfer device, comprising: a container; and fluid suction means for forcibly storing the fluid in the second container by reducing the pressure in the second container. 2. The pressurizing means for pressurizing the pressurizing chamber in the first container, the pressurizing control means for controlling the pressurizing means, and the fluid supplying means for supplying the fluid from the first container to the first container. 2. The automatic fluid transfer device according to claim 1, further comprising a first distribution unit that supplies the fluid to the location. 3. A pressure reducing means for reducing the pressure in the second container, a pressure reducing control means for controlling the pressure reducing means, and a fluid stored in the predetermined location, the fluid being sucked into the second container.
The automatic fluid transfer device according to any one of claims 1 and 2, further comprising a second distribution means for introducing the fluid into the container. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the fluid is a dialysate, the storage chamber is a dialysate storage chamber, the pressurizing chamber is a pressurized medium filling chamber, and the first container is in communication with the dialysate storage chamber. A dialysate container having a pressure medium filling chamber, wherein the fluid supply unit is a dialysate supply unit, the predetermined portion is in a patient's abdominal cavity, and the second container is a drainage collection device containing a fluid. A drainage container having a chamber and a decompression chamber for depressurizing the drainage collection chamber, wherein the fluid suction means discharges a decompression medium in the decompression chamber to reduce the pressure in the drainage collection chamber. 2. The automatic fluid transfer device according to claim 1, wherein the automatic fluid transfer device is a peritoneal dialysis device. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the fluid is a dialysate, the fluid supply means is a dialysate supply means, and the first container is a dialysate storage chamber as the storage chamber and a pressurized medium filling as the pressurization chamber. A dialysate container having a chamber, wherein the predetermined portion is in a patient's abdominal cavity, the first flow means is dialysate flow means, and the automatic fluid transfer device is a peritoneal dialysis device. 3. The automatic fluid transfer device according to claim 1. 6. A fluid collection system according to claim 1, wherein said fluid is a dialysate, said fluid suction means is a drainage suction means, and said second container is a drainage collection chamber containing a fluid and a decompression chamber for reducing the pressure in said drainage collection chamber. 4. The drainage container according to claim 3, wherein the predetermined location is in a patient's abdominal cavity, the second distribution means is a drainage distribution means, and the automatic fluid transfer device is a peritoneal dialysis device. An automatic fluid transfer device as described.