JP2000234346A - Work attachments for civil engineering machines - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [PROBLEMS] With conventional work attachments, it has been difficult to efficiently perform excavation and hanging work near the ceiling surface in underground work or the like. A boom pivotally attached to an airframe so as to swing vertically, an arm pivotally attached to the boom in a longitudinal direction, and a work tool pivotably attached to the arm in a longitudinal direction. Civil engineering having a boom cylinder for swinging the boom with respect to the body, an arm cylinder for swinging the arm with respect to the boom, and a bucket cylinder for swinging the power tool with respect to the arm In a work attachment of a working machine, the arm cylinder is connected to an abdominal surface of the boom and a vicinity of a base end of the abdominal surface of the arm, and the bucket cylinder is connected to a tip of the arm cylinder connecting portion of the abdominal surface of the arm and the work tool. And connected to the lower mounting part of

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a civil engineering machine such as a hydraulic shovel in which working tools such as a boom, an arm, a bucket and a breaker are sequentially connected.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 3 shows a hydraulic shovel according to an embodiment of the prior art described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-305377. In the figure, 1 is a hydraulic excavator, 2 is an upper swing body of a hydraulic excavator, 3 is a lower traveling structure, 4 is a cab, 5 is a boom, 6 is an arm, 7 is a bucket as a working tool, and 8 is a boom for raising and lowering the boom. A cylinder 9 is an arm cylinder for rotating the arm, and 10 is a bucket cylinder for rotating the bucket 7.

According to the prior art hydraulic excavator shown in FIG. 3, the arm cylinder 10 is disposed inside the arm 6. Hydraulic excavators are sometimes used for work in places where there is a ceiling or obstacles in the height direction, such as underground or in a tunnel. In such places, excavation of a ceiling surface or hanging work is often performed. . According to the work attachment pivotally mounted on the excavator of FIG.
When the ceiling surface is excavated, the bucket cylinder 9 can be prevented from hitting an obstacle on the ceiling or above, and damage to the bucket cylinder 9 can be prevented. Further, since the arm cylinder 9 connects the abdominal surface of the boom 5 and the abdominal surface of the arm 6, the arm cylinder 9 does not protrude from the upper surfaces of the boom 5 and the arm 6, and may hit the ceiling or an obstacle above. Therefore, damage to the arm cylinder 9 can be prevented.

FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the prior art described in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 7-38399. In the figure, 1
5 is a loading shovel, 16 is an upper revolving superstructure, 17 is a lower traveling structure, 18 is a cab, 19 is a boom, 20 is an arm, 21 is a loading bucket, 22 is an arm cylinder, and 23 is a pair of left and right boom cylinders (on the front of the hand). Only a boom cylinder is shown), 24 is a pair of left and right bucket cylinders (only the bucket cylinder on the front of the hand is shown), 25 is a bucket link, and 26 is an idler link.

[0005] The loading shovel 15 shown in Fig. 4 is mainly used for loading debris and the like into a dump at a construction site. This type of loading shovel 15 differs from the hydraulic shovel 1 shown in FIG. 3 in the configuration of the work attachment, and includes an upper revolving unit 16 and a boom 19, an upper revolving unit 16 and an arm 20, a boom 19 and a loading bucket. Reference numeral 21 denotes a boom cylinder 23, an arm cylinder 22, and a bucket cylinder 2 via a bucket link 25, respectively.
4 are connected. According to this configuration, since the debris is scooped out by pushing out the loading bucket 21 and a force is mainly required in the lifting direction, all the cylinders can perform this operation in the pushing direction. Since the hydraulic cylinder has a pressure receiving area difference between the rod side and the head side, the force is exerted in the direction in which pressure oil is applied to the head side and pushed out. Also, while the loading bucket 21 is made parallel to the ground to scoop up debris, the upper revolving unit 16, the boom 19, and the arm 20
And a four-bar link formed by the arm cylinder 22 and the boom 19, the arm 20, the loading bucket 2
This movement can be easily embodied by the four-bar link formed by the 1 and the bucket cylinder 24.

[0006]

According to the hydraulic shovel of one embodiment of the prior art shown in FIG. 3, since the bucket cylinder 10 needs to be disposed in the arm 6,
Becomes large in the height direction. For example, when the ceiling is suspended along the back surface of the boom 5 and the back surface of the arm 6, the back surface of the arm 6 protrudes above the back surface of the boom 5. Therefore, the back surface of the arm 6 comes into contact with the ceiling surface, and the bucket 7 or a breaker device (not shown) floats from the ceiling, so that the ceiling hanging operation cannot be performed efficiently.

According to the loading shovel of one embodiment of the prior art shown in FIG. 4, a four-joint link formed by the upper revolving unit 16, the boom 19, the arm 20, and the arm cylinder 22, and the boom 19, the arm 20, Since the work attachment is constituted by the four-node link formed by the loading bucket 21 and the bucket cylinder 24, the hydraulic cylinders inevitably have to cross each other. According to the embodiment of FIG. For this purpose, two boom cylinders 23 and two bucket cylinders 24 are required since they are disposed on both sides of the work attachment. According to this, the configuration becomes complicated, and although a large loading shovel is generally acceptable, a relatively small hydraulic excavator used underground or in a tunnel has a heavy work attachment, and the body balance is increased. It will be significantly impaired. In addition, since a movement unique to the four-bar link (for example, when only the arm 20 is rotated upward, the loading bucket 21 is rotated downward), a movement of a free work attachment similar to a normal hydraulic excavator is obtained. It is difficult.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A boom pivotally attached to an airframe so as to be vertically swingable, an arm pivotally attached to the boom so as to be pivotable in a front-rear direction, and a boom pivotably attached to the arm in a front-rear direction. A pivotally attached work tool, a boom cylinder for swinging the boom with respect to the body, an arm cylinder for swinging the arm with respect to the boom, and a bucket for swinging the work tool with respect to the arm In a work attachment for a civil engineering work machine having a cylinder, the arm cylinder is connected to the abdominal surface of the boom and near the abdominal base end of the arm, and the bucket cylinder is connected to the arm cylinder connecting position of the abdominal surface of the arm. The distal end was connected to the lower mounting portion of the power tool.

According to the present invention, since the arm cylinder and the bucket cylinder are arranged on the abdominal surfaces of the boom, the arm and the power tool, brackets for connecting the cylinders need to be formed on the back of the boom and the arm. The boom and arm can be completely aligned with the ceiling surface when working underground or in a tunnel, improving the efficiency of hanging work on ceilings and walls near the ceiling and excavation work near the ceiling. be able to.

Further, in the above-described device, the boom is bent in a letter shape, and the back surface on the front side of the bent portion and the back surface of the arm can be positioned on substantially the same straight line, so that the working efficiency is further improved. Can be improved.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the figure, 50 is a hydraulic shovel, which is a civil engineering machine, 51 is an upper swing body of the hydraulic shovel 50, 52
Is a lower traveling body, 53 is a cab for a driver's cab mounted on the upper revolving unit 51, 54 is a work attachment pivotally attached to the upper revolving unit 51 so as to be swingable in the vertical direction, and 55 is a base end on the upper side. A boom 56 constituting a work attachment 54 pivotally attached to the revolving body 51, an arm 56 pivotally attached to the tip of the boom 55 so as to be swingable in the front-rear direction, and 57 an arm 56
Bucket pivotally mounted on the tip of
Reference numeral 8 designates the boom 55 with respect to the upper revolving unit 51.
A boom cylinder (only the front surface of the hand is shown in FIG. 1) disposed on both left and right sides of the boom to swing the boom 5, an arm cylinder 59 for swinging the arm 56 with respect to the boom 55, 60 Is a bucket cylinder for swinging the bucket 57 with respect to the arm 55; 61 is an idler link having one end pivotally attached to the arm and the other end pivotally attached to the tip of the bucket cylinder; A bucket link 63 pivotally connected to the other end and to the tip of the bucket cylinder;
Is an arm bracket that pivotally connects the distal end of the arm cylinder 59 and the base end of the bucket cylinder 60 to the arm 56, GL is the ground in a tunnel for underground work, for example, and A is the same in the tunnel. The ceiling surface, H, is the height from the ground surface GL to the ceiling surface A.

A hydraulic excavator 50 according to an embodiment shown in FIG.
According to this, the work attachment 54 can be operated only within the range of the height H from the ground GL to the ceiling surface A (in general underground work, H is often about 3 m). When the arm 55 is raised to a position along the ceiling surface A and the arm 56 is further swung to a position along the ceiling surface A, the bucket 57 reaches a position close to the ceiling surface A. By operating the bucket cylinder 60 in this state, it becomes possible to excavate the ceiling surface A with a margin. This is achieved by forming a boom bracket 63 pivotally connecting the arm cylinder 59 to the boom 55 on the ventral surface of the boom 55 and forming an arm bracket 64 pivotally connecting the arm cylinder 59 and the bucket cylinder 60 on the ventral surface of the arm 56. Both the arm cylinder 59 and the bucket cylinder 60 are provided on the abdominal surface (lower surface) of the work attachment 54.
It is obtained by arranging it in.

That is, according to the configuration of the hydraulic excavator 50 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, there is no need to dispose a hydraulic cylinder and a hydraulic pipe on the back of the boom 55 and the back of the arm 56. In addition to performing the excavation work efficiently by aligning the arm 56 along the ceiling surface A and raising the boom 55 to the maximum height even when excavated soil is loaded on a low-floor dump truck (65) or the like in a tunnel. Can be loaded easily. Further, even if the boom 55 or the arm 56 is brought into contact with the ceiling surface A, the hydraulic cylinder or the hydraulic pipe is not damaged, and only the boom 55 or the arm 56, which is a strong structure, comes into contact. The attachment 54 can be prevented from being damaged. In the present embodiment, the bucket 57
Is installed in reverse with respect to the normal operation of the hydraulic excavator. However, this takes into account the loading of excavated soil, and if the bucket 57 is mounted in the same manner as in the normal operation, the operation is almost the same. Is obtained.

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the present invention, and shows a state in which a hydraulic breaker device 70 is mounted at the tip of the arm 56 of the hydraulic excavator 50 shown in FIG. is there. In the figure, 71 is a striker of the hydraulic breaker device, B is a wall surface, C is a portion to be destroyed on the wall surface B, and the same reference numerals are given to the same components as those shown in FIG. .

According to this embodiment, the hydraulic breaker device 7
0 is a position close to the ceiling surface A, and the axial direction (striking direction) of the striker 71 can be made parallel to the ceiling surface A. Thereby, when breaking the to-be-destructed portion C at the portion where the ceiling surface A and the wall surface B intersect, the degree of freedom of operation of the striker 71 in the striking direction is increased, and the work efficiency is increased. For example, in the prior art in which a bucket cylinder is disposed on the back surface of the arm, or the arm is provided with a bucket cylinder as shown in FIG.
1 has to be struck diagonally upward from below, so it may be struck from one direction and the damaged portion C may not be easily collapsed. However, according to the present embodiment, the striking condition extends to a direction parallel to the ceiling surface A. The hitting direction can be changed accordingly. As a result, the range in which the operation can be performed by the hydraulic breaker device 70 is extended to every corner, and the workability is improved. Also, as in the case of FIG. 1, even if the boom 55 or the arm 56 is brought into contact with the ceiling surface A, the hydraulic cylinder or the hydraulic piping is not damaged, and the boom 55 which is a strong structure is not damaged.
Since the arm 56 and the arm 56 only come into contact with each other, the work attachment 54 can be prevented from being damaged.

According to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the boom cylinder 58, the arm cylinder 59 and the bucket cylinder 60 are all provided with the bucket 57 or the hydraulic breaker device 7.
When the work is performed in a direction in which the cylinder 0 is pressed against the ceiling surface A or the wall surface B, the respective cylinders are in a state where the pressure oil acts on the head side. The hydraulic cylinder has a pressure receiving area about twice as large as the rod side depending on the presence or absence of the rod. Therefore, when the hydraulic cylinder is operated so that it is pushed out with the pressurized oil acting on the head side, the force is higher. Can be demonstrated. According to the present embodiment, this makes it possible to use a small hydraulic cylinder, which can also contribute to the improvement of the body balance.

[0017]

According to the present invention, since the arm cylinder and the bucket cylinder are arranged on the abdominal surfaces of the boom, the arm and the power tool, brackets for connecting the cylinders are formed on the back of the boom and the arm. Without having to
The boom and arm can be completely aligned with the ceiling surface when working underground or in a tunnel, and the efficiency of hanging work on walls near the ceiling and ceiling and excavation work near the ceiling can be improved. . Further, even when excavated soil is loaded on a low-floor dump truck or the like in a tunnel, the boom can be raised to the maximum height, so that loading is easy. In addition, even if the boom or arm is brought into contact with the ceiling surface, the hydraulic cylinder or hydraulic piping will not be damaged, and only the boom or arm, which is a strong structure, will come into contact. Can be.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a hydraulic excavator provided with a work attachment of a civil engineering machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a view showing another embodiment of the hydraulic shovel provided with the work attachment of the civil engineering machine of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the related art.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the prior art.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1,15,50 Hydraulic excavator 2,16,51 Upper revolving structure 3,17,52 Lower traveling structure 5,19,55 Boom 6,20,56 Arm 7,57 Bucket 8,23,58 Boom cylinder 9,22, 59 Arm cylinder 10, 24, 60 Bucket cylinder 54 Work attachment 63 Boom bracket 64 Arm bracket

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A boom pivotally attached to a body of a vehicle so as to swing vertically, an arm pivotally attached to the boom in a longitudinal direction, and a work pivotally attached to the arm in a longitudinal direction. A tool, a boom cylinder for swinging the boom with respect to the machine body, an arm cylinder for swinging the arm with respect to the boom, and a bucket cylinder for swinging the work tool with respect to the arm. In a work attachment of a civil engineering machine, the arm cylinder is connected to an abdominal surface of the boom and a vicinity of a base end of the abdominal surface of the arm, and the bucket cylinder is connected to a distal end side of the abdominal surface of the arm from the arm cylinder connecting position. A work attachment for a civil engineering work machine, wherein the work attachment is connected to a lower mounting portion of a work tool. 2. The boom is bent in the shape of a letter, and a back surface on the front side of a bent portion of the boom and a back surface of the arm are
The work attachment for a civil engineering machine according to claim 1, wherein the work attachment can be positioned on substantially the same straight line.