JP2000219108A - Braking device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To keep the sufficient braking force even when a vehicle is stopped on a slope by comprising a first brake holding means for holding the braking force obtained from a foot brake. SOLUTION: When a road is detected an upward slope by, for example, a navigation system 12, the brake is held at stopping. On this occasion, a braking force holding controlling unit 2 outputs a holding signal to an oil pressure/ wire holding unit 3 to keep the braking force when a foot brake 4 is released for starting, which is in danger of the retreating of the vehicle. The oil pressure/ wire holding unit 3 continuously supplies the pressure to a master cylinder from a pressure device mounted in the oil pressure/wire holding unit 3 even when a foot is left or loosen from a foot brake pedal. Whereby the brake can be kept until the predetermined torque is obtained in starting, and the possibility of advancing or retreating of the vehicle can be prevented.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a braking device capable of maintaining a sufficient braking force even when a vehicle stops on a slope.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A braking device for stopping a vehicle includes a foot brake, a parking brake, and the like. To temporarily stop a running vehicle, when a driver depresses a brake pedal, hydraulic pressure from a master cylinder is reduced. Is transmitted to the caliper and the brake disc connected to the wheel is pressed to stop the wheel. When the foot is released from the brake pedal, the hydraulic pressure from the master cylinder is released and the wheel is free.

When the vehicle is to be stopped for a long time, the driver pulls a parking brake (side brake) lever to transmit the pulling force of the wire to an equalizer, which separates the wire to the left and right, thereby removing the shoe. The expanded brake drum is pressed to lock the connected wheels. At this time, the lever is prevented from returning by the ratchet gear, and the braking force is maintained. Pressing the button on the lever releases the ratchet claw and frees the wheel.

[0004]

In the conventional braking system, if the vehicle attempts to start after being temporarily stopped on an uphill road, it is sufficient that the driver moves forward against the slope when the driver releases his / her foot brake. If there is no strong propulsion, the vehicle will retreat. For this reason, there is a risk of collision if the following vehicle does not secure a sufficient distance. Also, if the driver is enthusiastic about operating the audio equipment or the like while driving on a slope or driving for a long time, the pressing force of the foot brake weakens unconsciously, and the vehicle naturally moves forward or backward. For this reason, a collision may occur unless a sufficient distance between the front and the rear is secured.

[0005] Further, when the vehicle is stopped for a long time on a slope, if the braking force of the operated parking brake is insufficient, the vehicle starts moving while stopped.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a braking device which maintains a sufficient braking force even when the vehicle stops on a slope or the like, and which is not likely to retreat when the vehicle starts to start.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a foot brake operation detecting means for detecting that a foot brake for braking a vehicle is operating, and an apparatus for detecting that a vehicle is stopped. A stop detecting means for detecting, a navigation system for detecting that the current position of the vehicle is a slope based on map information, and the foot brake operation detecting means, the stop detecting means, and the navigation system, When it is detected that the vehicle is stopped on a slope during operation,
A first brake holding means for holding a braking force braked by the foot brake is provided.

[0008] Further, parking brake operation detecting means for detecting that a parking brake for braking the vehicle is operating, stop detecting means for detecting that the vehicle is stopped, and stoppage detecting means for the vehicle based on map information. A navigation system that detects that the current position is on a slope, the parking brake operation detection means, the stop detection means, and the navigation system detect that the vehicle is stopped on a slope and the parking brake is operating. A second brake holding means for holding the braking force braked by the parking brake when the parking brake is applied.

Further, a foot brake operation detecting means for detecting that a foot brake for braking the vehicle is operating, a stop detecting means for detecting that the vehicle is stopped, the foot brake operation detecting means, Braking provided with third braking holding means for holding the braking force braked by the foot brake when the stop detecting means detects that the vehicle is stopped on a slope while the foot brake is operating; In the apparatus, when a predetermined operation state in which the vehicle is to be run is detected, release means is provided for releasing the holding operation of the braking force braked by the foot brake for braking the vehicle. .

Further, there is provided a gear position detecting means for detecting a gear position of the transmission means for transmitting the driving force of the driving source to the wheels,
The release means releases the operation of the third brake holding means when the gear position detection means detects that the gear position has changed from the neutral position to the drive position. Things.

[0011] Further, there is provided first torque detecting means for detecting the torque of the propeller shaft for transmitting the driving force of the driving source to the wheels, and the releasing means comprises: When detecting that the torque exceeds a predetermined value, the operation of the third brake holding means is released.

Further, there is provided a second torque detecting means for detecting a torque of a drive shaft for transmitting a driving force of a driving source to wheels, and the releasing means includes a second torque detecting means, When detecting that the torque exceeds a predetermined value, the operation of the third brake holding means is released.

[0013] Further, there is provided rotation speed detecting means for detecting the rotation speed of the engine, and the canceling means, when the rotation speed detection means detects that the rotation speed of the engine exceeds a predetermined value, The operation of the third brake holding means is released.

[0014] The throttle opening detecting means for detecting the opening of the throttle valve of the engine is provided. The canceling means detects that the opening of the throttle valve exceeds a predetermined value. Is detected, the operation of the third brake holding means is released.

The first brake holding means, the second brake holding means,
And a notifying means for notifying the following vehicle that the third brake holding means is operating or the third brake holding means is operating.

Also, a navigation system is provided for detecting that the current position of the vehicle is on a hill based on map information. The third brake holding means includes the foot brake operation detecting means, the stop detecting means, And when the navigation system detects that the vehicle is stopped on a hill while the foot brake is operating, the braking system holds the braking force braked by the foot brake. It is.

[0017]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the structure of a braking device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Hereinafter, description will be made with reference to the drawings.

Reference numeral 1 denotes an electronic cruise control unit (ECU) for controlling a running state of a vehicle, and a shift lever of an automatic transmission for transmitting a vehicle speed sensor signal indicating a running speed of the vehicle and a driving force of an engine (drive source) to wheels. A shift position signal indicating the position, a rotation speed signal indicating the rotation speed of the engine, and a throttle opening signal indicating the opening of the throttle valve of the engine are output to the brake holding control unit 2. A torque sensor 11 is provided on a propeller shaft or a drive shaft for transmitting a driving force from the engine to the wheels, and detects a rotational torque of the shaft, and outputs a torque sensor signal to the brake holding control unit 2. Reference numeral 12 denotes a GPS receiver for receiving radio waves from artificial satellites (GPS satellites), a map database including a CD-ROM on which map information is recorded and a reader thereof, and a radio wave and map database received by the GPS receiver. A navigation system for specifying the position of the vehicle, comprising a microcomputer including a route search unit for searching for a travel route to an input destination, a route guide unit for guiding a vehicle along the searched route, and the like. A slope signal is output to the brake holding control unit 2 based on the road gradient at the current position (determining whether or not it is a slope). Reference numeral 2 denotes a brake hold control unit that outputs a brake hold signal / release signal to a hydraulic / wire holding unit 3 that operates the foot brake 4 and the parking brake 5 based on signals from the ECU 1, the torque sensor 11, and the navigation system 12. is there. Reference numeral 3 denotes a hydraulic / wire holding unit for holding or releasing the braking force on the foot brake 4 and the parking brake 5 based on a holding signal and a release signal from the brake holding control unit 2. Reference numeral 4 denotes a foot brake for temporarily stopping the vehicle by the stepping force (oil pressure) of the foot brake pedal by the driver or the operation of the oil pressure / wire holding unit 3. 5 is the wire pulling force or hydraulic pressure by the driver
This is a parking brake that stops the vehicle for a long time by the operation of the wire holding unit 3. Reference numeral 6 denotes a following vehicle notification lamp for notifying the following vehicle of whether or not the brake holding device is operating, and is provided separately from the conventional brake lamp.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a process performed by the brake holding control unit 2 of the braking device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a configuration block diagram of the hydraulic pressure holding system. Hereinafter, description will be made with reference to the drawings. The main purpose of this example is to prevent the vehicle from moving backward when the vehicle starts moving after being temporarily stopped on an uphill by a foot brake. This processing is started from the time when the traveling route is set by the navigation system.

In step S11, it is determined whether or not the foot brake is operating. If the foot brake is operating, the process proceeds to step S12, and if the foot brake is not operating, the process waits. In other words, in this example, after the vehicle is stopped by the operation of the foot brake performed by the driver, an appropriate braking is maintained when the vehicle starts, and braking is performed when the driver does not involve the intention (no braking operation). This is to prevent holding. This determination is made based on the brake signal output from the ECU 1.

In step S12, it is determined whether or not the vehicle is stopped.
The process returns to step S11 if the vehicle is not stopped. This determination is made based on the vehicle speed sensor signal output from the ECU 1.

In step S13, it is determined whether or not the stopped road is a slope (uphill). If the road is a slope, the process proceeds to step S14. If not, the process returns to step S11. In other words, if the vehicle does not hold the braking force, it determines whether there is a risk of retreating when the vehicle starts, and determines whether or not the currently stopped road is uphill in the traveling direction. 11 to detect. First,
The current position of the vehicle is detected by the GPS receiver and the map database, and it is determined whether or not the road (on the guide route) is going uphill in the traveling direction based on the gradient data in the map database. When a GPS radio wave cannot be received in a tunnel or the like, the current position is detected by an azimuth sensor and a distance sensor that complement position detection by a GPS satellite. If the foot brakes are operated for a long time, the feet may become tired, the brakes may be loosened unconsciously, and if the purpose is to prevent the vehicle from naturally moving forward or backward due to the slope of the road, In addition to the slope, the downhill is also step S13.
May be used as the slope determination condition.

In step S14, a holding signal is output to the hydraulic / wire holding unit 3, and the flow advances to step S15. In other words, if the vehicle stops when moving uphill and the foot brake pedal 41 is released when the vehicle starts moving, the vehicle may move backward. Therefore, the holding signal is sent to the hydraulic / wire holding unit 3 to maintain the braking force even in such a state. Is output. As shown in FIG. 3, when the driver depresses the foot brake pedal 41, the hydraulic pressure supplied from the master cylinder 42 is transmitted to the caliper 43, the brake disc connected to the wheel is pressed, and the wheel stops. Even when the foot is released (or loosened) from the foot brake pedal 41, pressure is continuously supplied to the master cylinder 42 from the pressurizing device 44 provided in the hydraulic / wire holding unit 3, and the caliper 43 releases the brake disc. Keep pressing. At this time, a check valve 45 is provided so that the pressure of the master cylinder 42 does not decrease.
Is provided.

In step S15, a holding notification signal is output to the following vehicle notification lamp 6, and the flow advances to step S16. That is, the following vehicle notification lamp 6 is turned on to notify the following vehicle that the braking force of the vehicle is maintained. The following vehicle notification lamp 6 is a display unit (lamp) on which "brake is being held" or the like is described at the rear of the vehicle so that the vehicle can be easily recognized from the following vehicle.
Etc. are provided. The driver of the following vehicle can determine that there is no risk that the preceding vehicle will retreat when the vehicle starts moving, so that the distance between the vehicles can be reduced with ease.

In step S16, it is determined whether or not the engine speed is equal to or higher than a predetermined value. If the engine speed is equal to or higher than the predetermined value, the process proceeds to step S17. If the engine speed is lower than the predetermined value, the process waits. That is, when the driver depresses the accelerator pedal to start the vehicle and the number of revolutions of the engine becomes equal to or greater than the predetermined value, it is determined that the vehicle can be prevented from moving backward with the torque corresponding to the number of revolutions.

In step S17, a release signal is output to the hydraulic / wire holding unit 3, and the flow advances to step S18. That is, since the vehicle can be prevented from moving backward with the torque corresponding to the engine speed, the brake holding is released. The pressure supplied from the pressure device 44 to the master cylinder 42 is cut off by the release signal, and the caliper 43 opens the brake disk. At this time, the check valve 45 is opened.

In step S18, the following vehicle notification lamp 6
The output of the hold notification signal to the CPU is stopped, and the process returns to step S11. That is, the output of the holding notification signal is stopped in order to notify the following vehicle that the brake holding of the vehicle has been released. As a result, the following vehicle notification lamp 6 is turned off.

As a method for judging whether or not there is sufficient propulsive force to stop the vehicle from moving backward when the vehicle starts moving after the vehicle is temporarily stopped on an uphill, as a method for judging whether or not the engine speed is increased in step S16 of this embodiment, In addition to the method of detecting that the opening degree of the throttle valve of the engine is equal to or more than a predetermined value, the method of detecting that the opening degree of the throttle valve of the engine is equal to or more than a predetermined angle, and detecting that the torque of the propeller shaft or the drive shaft is equal to or more than the predetermined value. There are methods. In any of these methods, it is presumed that the vehicle is about to start and the propulsive force is in a sufficiently increased state, and it is determined that there is no risk that the vehicle will retreat on an uphill even if the braking force is released. You. These signals are received from the ECU 1 as a throttle opening signal,
The determination may be made by receiving the torque sensor signals of the propeller shaft and the drive shaft from the torque sensor 11. As a method of determining that the vehicle is about to start and releasing the holding of the braking force, there is a method of detecting that the position of the shift lever has changed from N (neutral) to D (drive). At this time, the determination is made by receiving the shift position signal from the ECU 1.

As described above, in this embodiment, when the navigation system detects that the road is uphill, the brake is held when the vehicle stops, and when the vehicle starts, the brake is held until a predetermined torque is reached. There is no fear of retreat. In the present example, the hold and the release are performed on the condition that the vehicle is on a slope by the navigation system. However, the present invention is not limited to this. It may be. As a result, for example, a stable braking force can be secured even on a level ground, and the holding operation is automatically released when the starting operation is further performed, so that the releasing operation can be simplified as in the case of a slope.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a process performed by the brake holding control unit 2 of the braking device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a configuration block diagram of the wire holding system. Hereinafter, description will be made with reference to the drawings. The purpose of this embodiment is to maintain or increase the braking force of the parking brake and to prevent the vehicle from moving while stopped on a slope. This processing is started from the time when the traveling route is set by the navigation system. The structure of the braking device is the same as that of the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.

In step S21, it is determined whether or not the vehicle is stopped. If the vehicle is stopped, step S22 is performed.
And waits if the vehicle is not stopped. This determination is made based on the vehicle speed sensor signal output from the ECU 1.

In step S22, it is determined whether or not the stopped road is a sloping road. If the road is a sloping road, the process proceeds to step S23. If not, the process returns to step S21. That is,
If the braking force is not maintained during the stop, it is determined whether or not the vehicle may move. The navigation system 11 detects whether or not the currently stopped road is a slope. The details of the detection method are the same as in the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.

In step S23, it is determined whether or not the parking brake has been operated. If the parking brake has been operated, the process proceeds to step S24. If the parking brake has not been operated, the process returns to step S21. In other words, in this example, when the vehicle is stopped for a long time by the operation of the parking brake brake performed by the driver, sufficient brake holding is performed, and when the vehicle is stopped without the driver's intention (no brake operation), the brake is held. Is not performed. This determination is made based on the parking brake signal output from the ECU 1.

In step S24, a holding signal is output to the hydraulic / wire holding unit 3, and the flow advances to step S25. In other words, the parking brake may be loosened and the vehicle may move while stopped on a slope, so that a holding signal is output to the hydraulic / wire holding unit 3 in order to maintain a sufficient braking force even in such a state. As shown in FIG. 5, when the driver pulls the parking brake lever 51, the pulling force of the wire is transmitted to the equalizer 52, the wire is separated left and right, the shoe is expanded, and the brake drum 53 connected to the wheel is pressed. At this time, since the lever is prevented from returning by the ratchet gear, the braking force is maintained, but the pressure reducing device 54 is used to further increase the wire pulling force.
To pull the wire.

In step S25, it is determined whether or not the parking brake has been released. If the parking brake has been released, the process proceeds to step S26. If the parking brake has not been released, the process waits. In other words, the lever is prevented from returning by the ratchet gear while stopped,
It is determined whether or not the driver has pressed the button on the lever to release the ratchet claw.

In step S26, a release signal is output to the hydraulic / wire holding unit 3, and the process returns to step S21. That is, since the parking brake is released, the brake holding is released. In response to the release signal, the pressure reducing device 54 stops pulling the wire, the shoe does not press the brake drum 53, and the wheel is released.

As described above, in this embodiment, when the navigation system detects that the road is a hill, the braking force of the parking brake is maintained or increased, so that there is no danger that the vehicle will move while the vehicle is stopped.

[0038]

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a braking device which maintains a sufficient braking force even when the vehicle stops on a slope or the like, and which does not retreat when attempting to start. Further, if a normal start operation is performed, the holding is automatically released, so that the operability is improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a braking device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a process performed by a brake holding control unit of the braking device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a hydraulic pressure holding system.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a process performed by a braking hold control unit of the braking device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of a wire holding system.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... ECU, 3 ... Hydraulic / wire holding unit, 11 ... Torque sensor,
4 ... foot brake, 12 ... navigation system, 5 ... parking brake, 2 ... brake holding control unit, 6 ... following vehicle notification lamp.

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A foot brake operation detecting means for detecting that a foot brake for braking a vehicle is operating; a stop detecting means for detecting that a vehicle is stopped; A navigation system for detecting that the current position is on a slope, the foot brake operation detecting means, the stop detecting means,
And a first brake holding means for holding a braking force braked by the foot brake when the navigation system detects that the vehicle is stopped on a slope while the foot brake is operating. A braking device, characterized in that: 2. A parking brake operation detecting means for detecting that a parking brake for braking the vehicle is operating, a stop detecting means for detecting that the vehicle is stopped, and A navigation system that detects that the current position is on a slope, the parking brake operation detection unit, the stop detection unit, and the navigation system detect that the vehicle is stopped on a slope and the parking brake is operating. And a second brake holding means for holding a braking force braked by the parking brake when the parking brake is applied. 3. A foot brake operation detecting means for detecting that a foot brake for braking the vehicle is operating,
Stop detection means for detecting that the vehicle is stopped, and by the foot brake operation detection means and the stop detection means, when it is detected that the vehicle is stopped on a slope while the foot brake is operating A braking device provided with third braking holding means for holding a braking force braked by the foot brake, wherein when a predetermined operation state in which the vehicle is to be driven is detected, the vehicle is braked by a foot brake for braking the vehicle. A braking device comprising: a release unit configured to release the holding operation of the braking force. 4. A gear position detecting means for detecting a gear position of a speed change means for transmitting a driving force of a driving source to wheels, wherein said releasing means comprises: a gear position detecting means, wherein said gear position is shifted from a neutral position. When it detects that the drive position has changed,
The braking device according to claim 3, wherein the operation of the third braking holding means is released. 5. A motor having a first torque detecting means for detecting a torque of a propeller shaft for transmitting a driving force of a driving source to wheels, wherein the releasing means comprises: a first torque detecting means for detecting a torque of the propeller shaft; When it is detected that the torque exceeds a predetermined value, the third
4. The braking device according to claim 3, wherein the operation of the braking holding means is released. 6. A motor according to claim 1, further comprising: a second torque detecting unit that detects a torque of a drive shaft that transmits a driving force of a driving source to wheels, wherein the releasing unit includes a second torque detecting unit. When it is detected that the torque exceeds a predetermined value, the third
4. The braking device according to claim 3, wherein the operation of the braking holding means is released. 7. An engine according to claim 1, further comprising: a rotation speed detection unit configured to detect a rotation speed of the engine, wherein the rotation speed detection unit detects that the rotation speed of the engine exceeds a predetermined value. The operation of the third brake holding means is released.
The braking device as described. 8. A throttle opening detecting means for detecting an opening of a throttle valve of the engine, wherein the canceling means is configured to detect that an opening of the throttle valve exceeds a predetermined value. Is detected, the third
4. The braking device according to claim 3, wherein the operation of the braking holding means is released. 9. A notifying means for notifying a succeeding vehicle that the first brake holding means, the second brake holding means, or the third brake holding means is operating. The braking device according to claim 1, 2 or 3. 10. A navigation system for detecting that the current position of the vehicle is on a hill based on map information, wherein the third brake holding unit includes the foot brake operation detecting unit, the stop detecting unit,
And when the navigation system detects that the vehicle is stopped on a slope while the foot brake is operating, the braking system holds the braking force braked by the foot brake. Item 3
The braking device as described.