JP2000105338A - Optical system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a high-resolution and high-magnification optical system securing about 10 mm as a focal distance and 30 deg. as an observation horizontal viewing angle by one decentering prism. SOLUTION: This system is provided with a prism member 10 and constituted so that an intermediate image 4 is formed on an optical path inside the member 10 and luminous flux is reflected four times or more inside the member 10. At least one of reflection surfaces and at least one of transmission surfaces are formed of a combined surface formed of the same surface 11, and at least one of the reflection surfaces is formed in curved surface shape for giving power to the luminous flux. Then, in order to compensate rotationally asymmetric decentering aberration, the transmission surface and/or at least one of the reflection surfaces has rotationally asymmetric surface shape for compensating the decentering aberration.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an optical system used for an image forming optical system and an eyepiece optical system, and more particularly, to a small-sized image pickup device such as a video camera, a digital still camera, a film scanner, and an endoscope. The present invention relates to an optical device used and an eccentric optical system having power on a reflection surface used in an optical device using a small image display element such as a head mounted image display device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, head or face-mounted image display devices have been developed for the purpose of allowing individuals to enjoy large-screen images. In addition, small-sized video cameras and digital still cameras using an image pickup device have been eagerly developed.

In such a situation, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-292371
In Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 10-68884, it is proposed to use an eccentric prism optical system using a plurality of decentered reflecting surfaces having power for an imaging optical system. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H10-153748 discloses an eyepiece optical system in which a relay optical system and an eccentric prism optical system are combined, an intermediate image is formed once by the relay optical system, and a display image on an image display element is guided to an observer's eyeball. Has been proposed.

[0004]

By the way, in the image display device, when the size of the image display element is reduced, the observation field angle cannot be widened unless the focal length of the eyepiece optical system is shortened. On the other hand, since the exit pupil position approaches the optical system when the focal length is shortened, it is impossible to configure an eyepiece optical system having a short focal length while taking an eye point.

[0005] In JP-A-10-153748,
A rotationally symmetric optical system is used for a relay optical system for forming an intermediate image. However, in an eyepiece optical system using an eccentric prism optical system as an optical system for projecting an intermediate image to a distant place as in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H10-153748, eccentric aberration is generated by the eccentric prism. In particular, when the display density of the image display element is increased, very high-resolution optical performance is required for the eyepiece optical system, but among aberrations caused by eccentricity,
In particular, it is very difficult to reduce the inclination of the primary imaging plane, the non-rotationally symmetric field curvature, and the non-rotationally symmetric astigmatism with respect to the principal ray. It is impossible to correct only by tilting the symmetrical relay optical system. This eccentric aberration can be corrected to some extent by using a free-form surface, but it is impossible to completely correct eccentric aberration.

Further, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 8-292371 and 10-68884, the transmission surface on the pupil side (the entrance surface of the imaging optical system) is configured as a surface different from the reflection surface. In addition, if the distance between the pupil and the prism is increased, the entire optical system must be large or the angle of reflection of light rays on the reflection surface opposite to the transmission surface must be increased. Becomes large, and it becomes impossible to perform correction on other surfaces. In particular, when the display density of the image display element is increased, very high resolution optical performance is required for the eyepiece optical system, and this is a serious problem.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of such problems of the prior art, and has as its object to form an eccentric prism so that an intermediate image is formed once in a prism, and to form an intermediate image inside the prism. At least four times, and the focal length is 10 m with the optical system of one eccentric prism.
The object of the present invention is to provide a high-resolution, high-magnification optical system capable of obtaining an observation horizontal angle of view of about 30 ° at around m.

[0008]

According to the present invention, there is provided an optical system arranged between an image plane and a pupil plane, wherein the optical system has a refractive index (n) of 1.3. A prism member formed of a medium larger than (n> 1.3), an intermediate image is formed on an optical path inside the prism member, and the prism member transmits and transmits a light beam into and out of the prism member. And a reflecting surface for reflecting the light beam inside the prism member, wherein the reflecting surface is configured to reflect the light beam four times or more inside the prism member, and at least one of the reflecting surface and the transmitting surface. And at least one surface of the reflection surface is formed as a transmission / reflection surface formed on the same surface, and at least one of the reflection surfaces is formed in a curved shape that gives power to a light beam; and The prism including a curved surface In order to correct rotationally asymmetric eccentric aberration caused by the material, at least one of the transmission surface and / or the reflection surface is configured to have a rotationally asymmetric surface shape for correcting eccentric aberration. Is what you do.

In this case, the optical system can be arranged as an objective optical system arranged behind the pupil plane to form an object image.

Another optical system according to the present invention is an eyepiece optical system for guiding a light beam from an image plane to a pupil via an intermediate image, wherein the optical system has a refractive index (n) larger than 1.3 (n >
1.3) A prism member formed of a medium, an intermediate image is formed on an optical path inside the prism member, the prism member transmits a light beam into and out of the prism member, and transmits the light beam to a prism. A reflecting surface for reflecting the light inside the member, wherein the reflecting surface is configured to reflect the light beam four times or more inside the prism member, and at least one of the reflecting surfaces has a curved surface shape that gives power to the light beam. In order to correct rotationally asymmetric eccentric aberration generated by the prism member including the curved surface, at least one of the transmitting surface and / or the reflecting surface has a rotationally asymmetric surface shape for correcting eccentric aberration. And is configured to satisfy the following conditions.

1.0 <EP × Px <5.0 (3) where a ray connecting the center of the pupil and the center of the image plane is an axial principal ray, and the eccentric direction of all optical systems is the Y axis. In the direction, when a plane parallel to the axial principal ray is a YZ plane, and a direction orthogonal to the YZ plane is an X direction, the power of the entire system in the X direction is P.
x, the distance from the exit surface of the prism member to the pupil is EP.

Hereinafter, the reason and operation of the above-described configuration in the present invention will be described. First, the relationship between the case where the optical system of the present invention is used as an imaging optical system and the case where it is used as an observation optical system will be described. The observation optical system projects a display image of an image display element or the like located near the incident surface to a distant place so that the image can be magnified and observed by an observer's eyeball. An image is formed on an image plane located near the exit surface of the imaging optical system, and the image is magnified and observed by an eyepiece optical system, or converted into an image signal by an image sensor or the like, and recorded. As an optical system, both are common, and can be used for both by reversing the optical path. That is, an image display element or the like is arranged on the image plane of the imaging optical system, and the observer's eyeball is arranged on the object light incident side, so that it can be used as an observation optical system. In the following description of the present invention, the imaging optical system of the present invention will be described as an observation optical system (eyepiece optical system) unless otherwise specified, but as described above, the observation optical system of the present invention reverses the optical path. By doing so, it can be used as an imaging optical system.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and has a feature that a transmitting surface through which a light beam enters and exits a prism member (eccentric prism) and a reflecting surface through which the light beam reflects inside the prism. Is reflected four or more times in the prism, and forms an intermediate image on the optical path in the prism.
By using one eccentric prism made of a medium having a refractive index larger than 1.3, eccentric aberration can be sufficiently corrected,
With a focal length of about 10 mm, an observation angle of view of 30 ° can be obtained, and a small, high-resolution intermediate image 1 with a wide observation angle of view.
It has succeeded in forming a rotationally-focusing type eyepiece optical system.

That is, in the optical system of the present invention, the optical system disposed between the image plane and the pupil plane is formed of a medium having a refractive index (n) larger than 1.3 (n> 1.3). An intermediate image is formed on an optical path inside the prism member, and the prism member has a transmitting surface for entering and exiting the light beam inside and outside the prism member, and a reflecting surface for reflecting the light beam inside the prism member. Wherein the reflecting surface is configured to reflect the light beam four times or more inside the prism member, and the eccentric prism corrects eccentric aberration mutually by the first half and the second half. Thus, the intermediate image forming type eyepiece optical system has a short focal length, a wide viewing angle of view, and a sufficient eye point.

In this case, more preferably, the relay section composed of the first half of the eccentric prism (the part closer to the image display element or the image plane than the intermediate image) curves the primary projection image of the image display element. It is preferable that the curved primary image is magnified as a plane virtual image by an afocal optical system unit composed of the latter half of the decentered prism.

Here, the first half of the decentered prism reflects at least twice, and the second half also reflects at least twice. The intermediate image is first reflected twice in the first half and last in the second half. Is preferably formed between the two reflections.

More preferably, the primary image is preferably projected onto the principal ray while being inclined at the first half of the decentered prism. This is because the surface having only the reflection function, which is disposed opposite to the observer's eyeball in the rear half of the decentered prism that is largely decentered, is inclined with respect to the axial chief ray, and thus the primary image plane is generated. This is because if the correction of the inclination with respect to the principal ray is generated in the first half of the eccentric prism in advance, the burden of correcting the eccentric aberration on the second half of the eccentric prism can be reduced.

In this optical system, at least one of the reflecting surfaces is formed in a curved shape giving power to a light beam, and is used to correct rotationally asymmetric eccentric aberration generated by a prism member including the curved surface. It is preferable that at least one of the transmission surface and / or the reflection surface is configured to have a rotationally asymmetric surface shape for correcting eccentric aberration.

A refractive optical element such as a lens can be given power only by giving a curvature to its boundary surface. Therefore, when a light beam is refracted at the boundary surface of the lens, chromatic aberration due to the chromatic dispersion characteristics of the refractive optical element is inevitably generated. As a result, another refractive optical element is generally added for the purpose of correcting chromatic aberration.

On the other hand, reflective optical elements such as mirrors and prisms do not generate chromatic aberration in principle even if the reflective surface has power, and another optical element is used only for the purpose of correcting chromatic aberration. No need to add. Therefore, in the optical system using the reflective optical element, the number of constituent optical elements can be reduced from the viewpoint of chromatic aberration correction, as compared with the optical system using the refractive optical element.

At the same time, since the reflection optical system using the reflection optical element folds the optical path, the size of the optical system itself can be reduced as compared with the refractive optical system.

Further, since the reflection surface has a higher eccentricity error sensitivity than the refraction surface, high precision is required for assembly adjustment.
However, among the reflective optical elements, since the relative positional relationship between the surfaces of the prisms is fixed, the eccentricity may be controlled as a single prism, and unnecessary assembly accuracy and adjustment man-hours are unnecessary.

Further, the prism has an entrance surface, an exit surface, which are refraction surfaces, and a reflection surface, and has a greater degree of freedom for aberration correction than a mirror having only a reflection surface. In particular, by allowing the reflection surface to share most of the desired power and reducing the power of the entrance surface and the exit surface, which are refraction surfaces, the degree of freedom in correcting aberrations is larger than that of a mirror, while maintaining the degree of freedom for aberrations. Compared with such a refractive optical element, the occurrence of chromatic aberration can be extremely reduced. Further, since the inside of the prism is filled with a transparent body having a higher refractive index than air, the optical path length can be made longer than that of air. Thinning and miniaturization are possible.

In the present invention, by disposing one prism and correcting the eccentric aberration by the first half and the second half thereof, it is possible to satisfactorily correct not only the center but also the off-axis aberration. If the number of reflections is one in each part, it is impossible to completely correct decentering aberration.

According to the present invention, the light beam is reflected at least four times inside the prism member for the above reason, and an intermediate image plane is formed between the first half and the second half thereof. It is. Of course, in the case where the first half or the second half of the eccentric prism reflects three or more times, the intermediate image may be partially or wholly penetrated into the first half or the second half to form an image. Good.

As described above, by adopting the basic structure of the present invention, the number of constituent optical elements is smaller than that of a refractive optical system or an optical system using a rotationally symmetric relay optical system and an eccentric prism, and It is possible to obtain a small-sized observation optical system and an imaging optical system having good performance to the periphery.

In the optical system according to the present invention, it is preferable that at least one of the reflection surfaces and at least one of the transmission surfaces are formed of the same surface for both transmission and reflection. By using one surface as the reflection surface and the transmission surface in this way, the prism member can be configured to be small, and a large viewing angle can be obtained for its size.

Here, the ray that passes through the center of the object point, passes through the center of the pupil, and reaches the center of the image plane by the backward ray tracing in the observation optical system and the forward ray tracing in the imaging optical system is defined as the axial principal ray. If at least one reflecting surface is not decentered with respect to the axial principal ray, the incident ray and the reflected ray of the axial principal ray take the same optical path, and the axial principal ray is blocked in the optical system. Will be done. As a result, an image is formed only by the light flux whose central portion is shielded, and the center becomes dark or the image is not formed at the center at all.

It is also possible to decenter the powered reflecting surface with respect to the axial principal ray. When the reflecting surface with power is decentered with respect to the axial chief ray,
It is preferable that at least one transmission surface and / or reflection surface among the surfaces constituting the prism of the present invention is a rotationally asymmetric surface. Among them, it is particularly preferable to make at least one reflection surface a rotationally asymmetric surface for aberration correction.

The reason will be described in detail below. First, a coordinate system to be used and a rotationally asymmetric surface will be described. An optical axis defined by a straight line until the on-axis principal ray intersects the first surface of the optical system is defined as a Z axis, and is orthogonal to the Z axis and within an eccentric plane of each surface constituting the imaging optical system. Is defined as the Y axis,
An axis orthogonal to the optical axis and orthogonal to the Y axis is defined as an X axis. The ray tracing direction will be described in terms of forward ray tracing from the object to the image plane.

In general, in a spherical lens system composed only of spherical lenses, spherical aberration caused by a spherical surface and aberrations such as coma and field curvature are mutually corrected on several planes, so that the aberration is reduced as a whole. Configuration.

On the other hand, in order to satisfactorily correct aberrations with a small number of surfaces, a rotationally symmetric aspherical surface or the like is used. This is to reduce various aberrations generated on the spherical surface. However, in a decentered optical system, it is impossible to correct rotationally asymmetric aberration generated by decentering by a rotationally symmetric optical system. The rotationally asymmetric aberrations caused by this eccentricity include distortion, field curvature, astigmatism and coma which also occur on the axis.

First, the rotationally asymmetric field curvature will be described. For example, light rays incident on a concave mirror decentered from an object point at infinity are reflected and imaged on the concave mirror, but after the light rays hit the concave mirror, the rear focal length to the image plane is
When the image field side is air, the radius of curvature becomes half of the radius of curvature of the portion hit by the light beam. Then, as shown in FIG. 37, an image plane inclined with respect to the axial principal ray is formed. As described above, it is impossible to correct rotationally asymmetric curvature of field with a rotationally symmetric optical system.

In order to correct the tilted curvature of field by the concave mirror M itself, which is the source, the concave mirror M is constituted by a rotationally asymmetric surface. In this example, the curvature is strong in the positive Y-axis direction ( If the refractive power is increased) and the curvature is decreased (the refractive power is decreased) in the negative direction of the Y axis, the correction can be made. In addition, by arranging a rotationally asymmetric surface having the same effect as the above configuration in the optical system separately from the concave mirror M, a flat image surface can be obtained with a small number of components. In addition, the rotationally asymmetric surface is preferably a rotationally asymmetric surface shape having no rotationally symmetric axis both inside and outside the surface, which is preferable in terms of increasing the degree of freedom and correcting aberrations.

Next, rotationally asymmetric astigmatism will be described. As described above, the eccentrically arranged concave mirror M
In this case, astigmatism as shown in FIG. 38 also occurs for axial rays. Astigmatism can be corrected by appropriately changing the curvature in the X-axis direction and the curvature in the Y-axis direction of the rotationally asymmetric surface, as described above.

Further, rotationally asymmetric coma will be described. Similarly to the above description, in the concave mirror M arranged eccentrically, coma as shown in FIG. To correct the coma aberration, the inclination of the surface can be changed as the distance from the origin of the X axis of the rotationally asymmetric surface increases, and the inclination of the surface can be appropriately changed depending on the sign of the Y axis.

In the image forming optical system according to the present invention, it is also possible that at least one surface having the above-mentioned reflecting action is decentered with respect to the axial principal ray, and has a rotationally asymmetric surface having power. With such a configuration, it becomes possible to correct the eccentric aberration caused by giving power to the reflecting surface by the surface itself, and by relaxing the power of the refracting surface of the prism, the occurrence of chromatic aberration itself can be reduced. Can be smaller.

The rotationally asymmetric surface used in the present invention is preferably a plane-symmetric free-form surface having only one plane of symmetry. Here, the free-form surface used in the present invention is:
It is defined by the following equation (a). Note that the Z axis of the definition formula is the axis of the free-form surface.

[0039] Here, the first term of the equation (a) is a spherical term, and the second term is a free-form surface term.

In the spherical term, c: curvature of the vertex k: conic constant (conical constant) r = √ (X ² + Y ² ).

The free-form surface term is Here, C _j (j is an integer of 2 or more) is a coefficient.

The free-form surface generally includes an XZ plane,
Although neither YZ plane has a plane of symmetry, in the present invention, X
By setting all the odd-order terms to 0, a free-form surface having only one symmetry plane parallel to the YZ plane is obtained. For example, in the above definition formula (a), C ₂ , C ₅ , C ₇ ,
_{C 9, C 12, C 14} , C 16, C 18, C 20, C 23, C 25, C
₂₇ , C ₂₉ , C ₃₁ , C ₃₃ , C ₃₅ ...

By setting all odd-numbered terms of Y to 0, a free-form surface having only one symmetry plane parallel to the XZ plane is obtained. For example, in the above definition formula, C ₃ ,
_{C 5, C 8, C 10} , C 12, C 14, C 17, C 19, C 21, C
₂₃ , C ₂₅ , C ₂₇ , C ₃₀ , C ₃₂ , C ₃₄ , C ₃₆ ...

One of the directions of the symmetry plane is a symmetry plane, and the eccentricity in the corresponding direction, for example, the eccentricity direction of the optical system with respect to the symmetry plane parallel to the YZ plane is in the Y-axis direction. By making the eccentric direction of the optical system the X-axis direction with respect to the symmetric plane parallel to the XZ plane, it is possible to effectively correct rotationally asymmetric aberrations caused by the eccentricity while improving the productivity. Becomes possible.

The coefficient of each term is set to 0 so that the plane parallel to the YZ plane becomes a plane of symmetry and the plane parallel to the XZ plane becomes a plane of symmetry. May be formed as a free-form surface in which only two exist. By using such a free-form surface having one or two symmetrical surfaces as one or more optical surfaces of the decentered prism of the present invention, it is possible to sufficiently correct the decentering aberration generated in the decentered prism. .

It should be noted that the above-mentioned definition formula (a) is shown as one example as described above, and the present invention uses a rotationally asymmetric surface having only one or two symmetry planes, thereby reducing eccentricity. The feature is that the generated rotationally asymmetric aberration is corrected, and at the same time, the manufacturability is improved, and it goes without saying that the same effect can be obtained for any other defined expressions.

In this case, the prism member is moved from the pupil side to the image plane side (in the reverse ray tracing) to at least the first transmission surface, the first reflection surface, the second reflection surface, and the third reflection surface. , Fourth
It has a reflection surface and a second transmission surface, and can be configured as a transmission / reflection surface in which at least the first transmission surface and the second reflection surface are formed on the same surface. Here, assuming that the latter half of the decentered prism of the present invention shares the second reflecting surface and the first transmitting surface as described above, in the case of an observation optical system, the incident light is reflected by the first reflecting surface by reverse ray tracing. 2nd with small bending angle
Since the light is reflected to the reflecting surface and is largely bent at the second reflecting surface, the thickness of the prism in the incident light beam direction can be reduced.

As described above, the prism member includes at least the first transmitting surface, the first reflecting surface, the second reflecting surface, and the third reflecting surface.
In the case where the light emitting device has a reflecting surface, a fourth reflecting surface, and a second transmitting surface, and at least the first transmitting surface and the second reflecting surface are formed of the same surface, the transmitting and reflecting surface is at least used. Any one of the first transmission surface (second reflection surface), the first reflection surface, the third reflection surface, the fourth reflection surface, and the second transmission surface is symmetrical with one or two symmetrical surfaces. It is desirable to form a free-form surface.

Further, in the above configuration, another fifth reflecting surface may be provided on the optical path between the second reflecting surface and the third reflecting surface. The fifth reflecting surface may be provided in the first half or the second half of the prism member, but is preferably a part of the second half. And this fifth
It is preferable that the reflection surface is formed of a plane-symmetric free-form surface having only one or two symmetry surfaces.

By the way, the first half of the prism member as described above includes a third reflecting surface, a fourth reflecting surface, and a second reflecting surface.
The transmission surface is constituted by independent surfaces, and
A third reflecting surface is arranged at a position facing the surface of the intermediate image, a fourth reflecting surface is arranged at a position facing the second transmitting surface,
The optical path connecting the reflecting surface and the surface of the intermediate image is referred to as a fourth reflecting surface,
You may comprise so that it may intersect with the optical path which connects a transmission surface.

As described above, by making the optical paths intersect in the first half of the prism member, it is possible to make the prism small while securing a long optical path length.
This is particularly effective when a relatively large image display element is used. As long as the optical path length to the primary image forming position, which is the projected image of the image display element, is slightly longer, the distance between the object and the image can be increased, and the aberration at the primary image forming position can be increased. Generation can be reduced, and by crossing the optical paths as described above, it is possible to configure a small prism optical system having a relatively long optical path length. More preferably, when the two reflecting surfaces have powers of different signs, it is possible to increase the mutual correction effect of aberrations, and to obtain high resolution.

Further, as the configuration of the first half of the prism member as described above, the third reflecting surface, the fourth reflecting surface, and the second transmitting surface are each constituted by independent surfaces, and
An optical path connecting the reflecting surface and the surface of the intermediate image, a third reflecting surface and a fourth
An optical path connecting the reflecting surface and an optical path connecting the fourth reflecting surface and the second transmitting surface may form a Z-shaped optical path.

As described above, when the zigzag optical path is formed without intersecting the optical paths in the first half of the prism member, the relative eccentricity of the two reflecting surfaces is small, so that the aberration generated on the two reflecting surfaces is reduced by the two reflecting surfaces. The correction is made between the surfaces, and the occurrence of aberration in the first half is reduced. More preferably, when the two reflecting surfaces have powers of different signs, it is possible to increase the mutual correction effect of aberrations, and to obtain high resolution.

More preferably, when the relative eccentricity at the point where the optical axis of the third reflecting surface and the fourth reflecting surface reflects is small, the occurrence of eccentric aberration can be reduced, and the occurrence of rotationally asymmetric aberration can be reduced. Is reduced.

As another configuration of the first half of the prism member as described above, the third reflection surface and the second transmission surface are formed of the same surface that is used for both transmission and reflection, and the third reflection surface is formed. The surface can be constituted by a total reflection surface.

In this type in which the third reflecting surface and the second transmitting surface are shared, the third reflecting surface largely bends the light beam, and the fourth reflecting surface reflects the light beam to the second transmitting surface with a small bending angle. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the dimension of the entire optical system in the direction crossing the incident optical axis. Since the fourth reflecting surface having a small bending angle has a positive power, the principal point position in the first half can be arranged on the image side, and a large back focus can be obtained. This is preferable when the arrangement is made immediately before the image plane. In addition, since the third reflection surface and the second transmission surface are dual-purpose surfaces, the number of processing surfaces is reduced, and manufacturing is improved.

Now, the power of the decentered optical system and the optical surface will be defined. As shown in FIG. 41, when the eccentric direction of the eccentric optical system S is set in the Y-axis direction, a light beam having a minute height d in a YZ plane parallel to the axial principal ray of the eccentric optical system S is extracted. An angle formed when the light ray incident from the object side and emitted from the decentered optical system S and projected on the YZ plane of the axial principal ray is δy, and δy / d is the power Py of the decentered optical system S in the Y direction. A light beam having a minute height d in the X direction parallel to the axial principal ray of the decentered optical system and orthogonal to the YZ plane is incident from the object side, and emitted from the decentered optical system S and the axial principal ray. Δx, and δx / d is the power Px of the eccentric optical system S in the X direction, when the projection is made on a plane orthogonal to the YZ plane and including the axial principal ray. Similarly, the power Pyn in the Y direction and the power Px in the X direction of the decentered optical surface n forming the decentered optical system S
n is defined.

The reciprocals of these powers are respectively the focal length Fy of the eccentric optical system in the Y direction, the focal length Fx of the eccentric optical system in the X direction, and the focal length F of the eccentric optical surface n in the Y direction.
yn and the focal length Fxn in the X direction. The above power and focal length are defined by backward ray tracing in the case of the observation optical system in the case of the optical system of the present invention, and by forward ray tracing in the case of the imaging optical system.

In the optical system of the present invention, it is more preferable that the X axis of the first reflecting surface of the decentered prism closest to the pupil of the optical system be changed.
When the power in the direction is Px3 and the power in the Y direction is Py3, the following condition is satisfied: 0.2 <Px3 / Px <3.0 (1) 0 <Py3 / Py <3.0 (2) It is desirable to satisfy at least one of the following.

If the lower limit of 0.2 or 0 in each of the above conditional expressions is exceeded, the power of the first reflecting surface, which corresponds to the three surfaces, becomes weaker than the power of the entire system, and the corresponding burden is borne by other surfaces. Become. The other surface has a relatively large reflection angle as compared with the first reflection surface and generates large eccentric aberration, so that a high resolution cannot be obtained. If the upper limit of 3.0 is exceeded, the power of the first reflecting surface becomes too strong, and the eccentric aberration generated on this surface becomes too large, making it impossible to correct on other surfaces.

More preferably, the following condition is satisfied: 0.5 <Px3 / Px <2.0 (1-1) 0.1 <Py3 / Py <2.0 (2-1) Is preferred. The meaning of the upper and lower limits of each of these conditional expressions is the same as in the above conditional expressions.

More preferably, the following condition is satisfied: 0.7 <Px3 / Px <1.5 (1-2) 0.2 <Py3 / Py <1.0 (2-2) Is preferred. The meaning of the upper and lower limits of each of these conditional expressions is the same as in the above conditional expressions. More preferably, it is preferable to satisfy both of the conditional expressions (1) and (2) at the same time.

When the optical system of the present invention is used as an eyepiece optical system, the distance (eye point) from the exit pupil of the eyepiece optical system to the exit surface (first transmission surface) of the eccentric prism is EP, and the eyepiece optical system The total power (reciprocal of the focal length) is Px
It is important to satisfy the following condition: 1.0 <EP × Px <5.0 (3)

These conditions are necessary for securing an observation angle of view of a certain degree or more and for obtaining a long eye point. When the upper limit of 5.0 is exceeded, the eye point becomes too long, and the size of the image observation apparatus becomes large. It becomes too weak or too weak, making it impossible to widen the viewing angle. On the other hand, if the lower limit of 1.0 is exceeded, it becomes impossible to obtain a long eye point this time, which makes it difficult to observe with eyeglasses, or the eyelashes hit the optical system, making it difficult to observe.

More preferably, it is desirable that 1.5 <EP × Px <4.0 (3-1) is satisfied. The meanings of the lower and upper limits of this condition are the same as described above.

More preferably, it is desirable that 2.0 <EP × Px <3.0 (3-2) is satisfied. The meanings of the lower and upper limits of this condition are the same as described above.

Next, the power in the X direction of the second reflecting surface, which is also used as the first transmitting surface immediately before the observer's eyeball of the optical system, is represented by Px
4. When the power in the Y direction is Py4, the following condition is satisfied: -2.0 <Px4 / Px <0.5 (4) -1.0 <Py4 / Py <0.8 (5) It is desirable to satisfy

The lower limit of each of the conditional expressions -2.0 or-
If the value exceeds 0.1, the power of the second reflecting surface is made to be negatively strong with respect to the power of the entire system, and the occurrence of eccentric aberration on the second reflecting surface, which is relatively eccentric, is increased. It becomes difficult to correct eccentric aberration on other surfaces. If the upper limit of 0.5 or 0.8 is exceeded, the principal point positions of the first reflecting surface and the second reflecting surface are too far from the pupil, and the occurrence of rotationally symmetric coma becomes too large, resulting in high resolution. You can't get it.

More preferably, the following condition is satisfied: -2.0 <Px4 / Px <0.1 (4-1) -0.8 <Py4 / Py <0.5 (5-1) It is important to be satisfied.

More preferably, -1.5≤Px4 / Px <0.05 (4-2) -0.6 <Py4 / Py <0.3 (5-2) It is important to be satisfied.

Next, in the case where another fifth reflecting surface is provided on the optical path between the second reflecting surface and the third reflecting surface, the power of the fifth reflecting surface in the X direction is Px4 'and the power in the Y direction is Px4'. Power of P
When y4 ′, −1.5 <Px4 ′ / Px <2.5 (6) −1.5 <Py4 ′ / Py <1.5 (7) is important.

This condition is a condition for defining the power of the fifth reflecting surface. The fifth reflecting surface is a surface for determining the angle at which the light exits the second half of the prism and enters the first half of the prism. If the lower limit of -1.5 of these conditional expressions is exceeded, the lens has too strong a negative refractive power, and it becomes difficult to correct the eccentric aberration generated on this surface by another surface. The upper limit of 2.5 or 1.
If it exceeds 5, the refractive power becomes too strong, and it becomes difficult to correct eccentric aberration generated on this surface by another surface.

More preferably, -1.0 <Px4 '/ Px <2.0 (6-1) -1.0 <Py4' / Py <1.0 (7-1) It is important to satisfy the conditions.

More preferably, -0.8 <Px4 '/ Px <1.8 (6-2) -0.5 <Py4' / Py <0.5 (7-2) It is important to satisfy the conditions.

Next, the third reflecting surface, the fourth reflecting surface, and the second transmitting surface are respectively constituted by independent surfaces, and the optical paths from the third reflecting surface to the second transmitting surface intersect or Z When forming a character-shaped optical path, when the power of the third reflecting surface in the X direction is Px5 and the power in the Y direction is Py5, -1.5 <Px5 / Px <5.0 (8) −2.0 <Py5 / Py <5.0 (9) It is important to satisfy the following condition.

These conditions are the conditions of the relay optical system in the first half of the decentered prism, and the lower limit is -1.5 or 2.
If it exceeds 0, the power of the third reflecting surface of the relay optical system relatively far from the image plane decreases. If the power of the other surface is increased to compensate for this, the exit pupil position on the image plane side cannot be located far from the image plane, and telecentricity cannot be obtained. Conversely, the upper limit of 4.
If it exceeds 0, the eccentric aberration generated on this surface will increase.

More preferably, the following condition is satisfied: -1.0 <Px5 / Px <2.7 (8-1) -1.5 <Py5 / Py <3.0 (9-1) It is important to be satisfied.

More preferably, the following condition is satisfied: -0.7 <Px5 / Px <2.2 (8-2) -1.0 <Py5 / Py <2.0 (9-2) It is important to be satisfied.

More preferably, when the optical paths from the third reflecting surface to the second transmitting surface intersect, 0.5 <Px5 / Px <2.0 (8-3) 0.5 <Py5 / It is important to satisfy the following condition: Py <2.0 (9-3)

Next, similarly, the third reflecting surface, the fourth reflecting surface, and the second transmitting surface are respectively constituted by independent surfaces, and the optical paths from the third reflecting surface to the second transmitting surface intersect. Alternatively, when forming a Z-shaped optical path, when the power of the fourth reflecting surface in the X direction is Px6 and the power in the Y direction is Py6, -2.5 <Px6 / Px <2.0 (10) -1.0 <Py6 / Py <3.0 (11) It is important to satisfy the following condition.

This condition is the condition of the relay optical system in the first half of the decentered prism, and the lower limit is -2.5 or -1.0.
, The power of the fourth reflecting surface close to the image plane of the relay optical system section has an excessively strong negative value, the rear focal position becomes longer, and the optical system becomes larger. Conversely, if the upper limit of 2.0 or 3.0 is exceeded, the eccentric aberration generated on this surface will increase, and at the same time, the principal point position of the optical system will move to the image side, resulting in poor telecentricity.

More preferably, the following condition is satisfied: -2.0 <Px6 / Px <1.5 (10-1) -0.5 <Py6 / Py <2.5 (11-1) It is important to be satisfied.

More preferably, the following condition is satisfied: -1.6 <Px6 / Px <1.3 (10-2) -0.1 <Py6 / Py <2.0 (11-2) It is important to be satisfied.

In the above-described optical system of the present invention, it is desirable that the focal length is formed to be smaller than 12 mm.

In the case where the optical system of the present invention is used as an image forming optical system, it is needless to say that focusing of the image forming optical system can be performed by whole extension, but it is possible to focus on the axial chief ray emitted from the most image side surface. Focusing can be performed by moving the image plane in the direction. Accordingly, even if the direction of incidence of the axial chief ray from the object and the direction of the axial chief ray that emerges from the most image-side surface do not match due to the decentering of the imaging optical system, the axial chief ray due to focusing can be used. It is possible to prevent the shift of the incident side of the principal ray. Also,
The parallel plane plate is divided into a plurality of wedge-shaped prisms,
Focusing is also possible by moving in the direction perpendicular to the axis. Also in this case, focusing is possible regardless of the eccentricity of the imaging optical system.

In the case where the optical system of the present invention is an eyepiece optical system, it is needless to say that the diopter of the observation optical system can be similarly adjusted by the entire extension, but the diopter is incident on the surface closest to the image display element. This is possible by moving the image display surface in the direction of the axial chief ray.

In the optical system of the present invention, if the prism is made of an organic material such as plastic, cost can be reduced. In addition, it is desirable to use a low moisture absorption material such as amorphous polyolefin because the change in imaging performance is small even with a change in humidity.

The optical path may be folded in a direction different from the eccentric direction of the image forming optical system of the present invention by using a reflecting optical member such as a mirror on the object side of the incident surface of the image forming optical system of the present invention. It is possible. Thereby, the degree of freedom of the layout of the imaging optical system is further increased, and the size of the entire imaging optical device can be reduced.

In the present invention, the optical system can be composed of only the prism. As a result, the number of parts is reduced, and the cost is reduced. Further, in addition to the prism, another lens (a positive lens or a negative lens) may be included as a component at any of the object side and the image side or at a plurality of positions.

The optical system of the present invention can be a bright single focus lens. A zoom lens (variable optical system) may be formed by combining one or more refractive optical systems on the object side or the image side of the prism.

In the present invention, it is also possible to form the refracting surface and the reflecting surface of the imaging optical system with a spherical surface or a rotationally symmetric aspherical surface.

When the above-described image forming optical system of the present invention is arranged in the image pickup section of the image pickup apparatus, or when the image pickup apparatus has a camera mechanism, the prism member is formed of an optical element having an optical function. The prism member is disposed closest to the object side, the incident surface of the prism member is disposed eccentrically with respect to the optical axis, and a cover member disposed perpendicular to the optical axis is disposed closer to the object side than the prism member. In addition, the prism member is configured so as to have an incident surface that is eccentrically arranged on the object side with respect to the optical axis, and the power arranged coaxially with the optical axis with an air gap interposed between the incident surface and the air surface. The cover lens may be arranged on the object side of the incident surface.

As described above, when the prism member is disposed closest to the object side and the eccentric incident surface is provided on the front surface of the photographing apparatus,
Since the incident surface obliquely seen from the subject can be seen, an uncomfortable feeling may be given as if the photographing was performed around a position shifted from the subject. Therefore, by arranging a cover member or a cover lens perpendicular to the optical axis, it is possible to perform imaging without feeling uncomfortable with the object to be imaged, similarly to a general imaging device.

When used as an objective optical system,
It is desirable to arrange an aperture on the pupil.

Now, the optical system of the present invention as described above is arranged as a finder objective optical system, and an image erecting optical system for erecting an object image formed by the finder objective optical system, and an eyepiece optical system. To form a finder optical system.

In that case, the finder optical system and
A camera device can be configured to include the finder optical system and the photographing objective optical system arranged side by side.

Further, an image pickup optical system can be configured by including the above-described optical system of the present invention and an image pickup device arranged on an image plane formed by the optical system.

Further, the optical system of the present invention as described above is arranged as a photographic objective optical system, and is provided on either an optical path different from the photographic optical system or an optical path separated from the photographic objective optical system. An imaging optical system can be configured by including the arranged finder optical system.

Further, the optical system of the present invention as described above, an image pickup device arranged on an image plane formed by the optical system, and a recording medium for recording image information received by the image pickup device, An electronic camera device can be configured to include an image display element that forms an observation image by receiving image information from the recording medium or the image sensor.

An observation system having the above-described optical system of the present invention, an image transmitting member for transmitting an image formed by the optical system along the long axis direction, an illumination light source and the illumination light source An illumination system having an illumination light transmitting member for transmitting the illumination light along the long axis direction.

The above is the case where the optical system of the present invention is used as an objective optical system.
It looks like this: An objective optical system that forms an image plane, an image erecting optical system that makes the image plane an erect image, and the above-described optical system of the present invention are arranged as a finder eyepiece optical system to constitute a finder optical system. be able to.

In this case, a camera device can be provided with a photographic objective optical system provided in parallel with the finder optical system.

A main body including an image display element for forming an image, the optical system of the present invention as described above for guiding the image to an observer's eyeball, and a main body for holding the main body in front of the observer's face. The head-mounted image display device can be configured to include a support portion that supports the observer's head.

Further, an objective optical system for forming an object image, an image pickup device arranged on an image plane formed by the objective optical system, a recording medium for recording image information received by the image pickup device, An image display element that forms an observation image by receiving image information from the recording medium or the image pickup element, and the above-described optical system of the present invention arranged for observing an image formed by the image display element. And an electronic camera device can be configured.

Also, an objective optical system for forming an object image, an image transmission member for transmitting an image formed by the objective optical system along the longitudinal direction, and an arrangement for observing the transmitted image plane An observation system having the optical system of the present invention as described above, and an illumination system having an illumination light source and an illumination light transmission member that transmits illumination light from the illumination light source along the long axis direction. An endoscope device can be configured.

[0106]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiment 1 of the optical system according to the present invention will be described below.
Will be described. These embodiments will be described as an image forming optical system. However, an image display element is arranged on an image plane of the image forming optical system, and a pupil (exit pupil) of an observer's eyeball is arranged at a stop position thereof. It can be used as a system. That is, by reversing the optical paths of the imaging optical systems of Examples 1 to 24, they can be used as observation optical systems. The configuration parameters of each embodiment will be described later. In each embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the axial principal ray 1 is defined as a ray that exits the center of the object, passes through the center of the stop 2, and reaches the center of the image plane 3. Then, passing through the intersection of the axial principal ray 1 with the surface of the stop 2 and the exit surface 15 of the prism 10, the surface of the stop 2 is perpendicular to the axial principal ray 1 incident on that surface, and the exit surface is The virtual planes are respectively perpendicular to the axial principal ray 1 emitted from the plane. The intersection of each virtual surface is defined as the origin of an eccentric optical surface between the optical surface passing through the intersection and the next virtual surface (the image surface 3 for the last virtual surface), and In the case, in the case of an imaginary plane defined at the intersection of the incident axial principal ray 1 and the exit surface 15, the direction along the emerging axial principal ray 1 is defined as the Z-axis direction. With respect to the first virtual surface passing through the intersection with the surface of the first principal plane, the direction along the traveling direction of the axial principal ray 1 is defined as the positive direction of the Z axis, and the intersection passes through the intersection of the axial principal ray 1 and the exit surface 15 of the prism 10. Regarding the second virtual surface, if the number of reflections in the optical path from the first virtual surface to the second virtual surface is an even number, the direction along the traveling direction of the axial principal ray 1 is defined as the positive direction of the Z axis. If the number of reflections is an odd number, the direction opposite to the traveling direction of the axial chief ray 1 is defined as the positive direction of the Z axis, A plane including the center of the image plane and the center of the image plane is defined as a YZ plane, a direction passing through the origin and orthogonal to the YZ plane, and a direction from the front side of the paper to the back side is defined as a positive X-axis direction. The axis constituting the system is the Y axis. FIG. 1 illustrates a coordinate system related to a first virtual plane defined for an intersection of each virtual plane and the plane of the stop 2. FIG. 2 does not show these virtual planes and coordinate systems in the following.

In Examples 1 to 24, each surface is decentered in the YZ plane, and the only symmetrical plane of each rotationally asymmetric free-form surface is the YZ plane.

For the eccentric surface, the amount of eccentricity (X, Y, and Z in the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions) at the top of the surface from the origin of the coordinate system of the first virtual surface, and X of the central axis of the surface (for a free-form surface, the Z-axis of equation (a))
The tilt angles (α, β, γ (°), respectively) about the axis, the Y axis, and the Z axis are given. In this case, the positive α and β mean counterclockwise with respect to the positive direction of each axis, and the positive γ means clockwise with respect to the positive direction of the Z axis.

In the case where a specific surface (including a virtual surface) and a surface subsequent thereto constitute a coaxial optical system among the optical working surfaces constituting the optical system of each embodiment, the surface spacing is given. In addition, the refractive index of the medium and the Abbe number are given according to a conventional method. The exit surface 15 of the prism 10
(13 in Examples 13-18, 1 in Examples 19-20)
4. In the embodiments 21 to 24, the surface spacing between 16) and the image plane 3 is shown as a positive value when the number of reflections in the prism 10 is an even number, and as a negative value when the number of reflections is an odd number. However, the distances along the traveling direction of the axial principal ray 1 are all positive values.

The shape of the surface of the free-form surface used in the present invention is defined by the above-mentioned expression (a), and the Z axis of the definition expression is the axis of the free-form surface. The term relating to a free-form surface on which no data is described is zero. For the refractive index, d
Lines (wavelength 587.56 nm) are shown. The unit of the length is mm.

As another definition of the free-form surface, there is a Zernike polynomial given by the following expression (b).
The shape of this surface is defined by the following equation. The Z axis of the defining equation is the axis of the Zernike polynomial. The definition of the rotationally asymmetric surface is defined by polar coordinates of the height of the Z axis with respect to the XY plane, A is the distance from the Z axis in the XY plane, R is the azimuth around the Z axis, and the Z axis It can be expressed by the rotation angle measured from.

X = R × cos (A) y = R × sin (A) Z = D ₂ + D ₃ Rcos (A) + D ₄ Rsin (A) + D ₅ R ² cos (2A) + D ₆ (R ² −1 ^{_{) + D 7 R 2 sin (}} 2A) + D 8 R 3 cos (3A) + D 9 (3R 3 -2R) cos (A) + D 10 (3R 3 -2R) sin (A) + D 11 R 3 sin (3A) + D ^{_{12 R 4 cos (4A) +}} D 13 (4R 4 -3R 2) cos (2A) + D 14 (6R 4 -6R 2 +1) + D 15 (4R 4 -3R 2) sin (2A) + D 16 R 4 sin (4A ^{_{) + D 17 R 5 cos (}} 5A) + D 18 (5R 5 -4R 3) cos (3A) + D 19 (10R 5 -12R 3 + 3R) cos (A) + D 20 (10R 5 -12R 3 + 3R) sin (A) ^{_{+ D 21 (5R 5 -4R 3}} ) sin (3A) + D 22 R 5 sin (5A) + D 23 R 6 cos (6A) + D 24 (6R 6 -5R 4) cos (4A) + D 25 (15R 6 -20R 4 ^{+ 6R 2) cos (2A)} + D 26 (20R 6 -30R 4 + 12R 2 -1) + D 27 (15R 6 -20R 4 + 6R 2) sin (2A) ^{_{D 28 (6R 6 -5R 4)}} sin (4A) + D 29 R 6 sin (6A) ····· ··· (b) In addition, to design an optical system symmetric with respect to the X-axis direction, D
_{4, D 5, D 6,} D 10 0, D 11, D 12, D 13, D 14, D
_20, D _21, D ₂₂ ... to use.

As another example, the following definition formula (d)
Is raised. Z = ΣΣC _nm XY As an example, when k = 7 (seventh-order term) is considered, when expanded, it can be expressed by the following equation. _{Z = C 2 + C 3 y} + C 4 | x | + C 5 y 2 + C 6 y | x | + C 7 x 2 + C 8 y 3 + C 9 y 2 | x | + C 10 yx 2 + C 11 | x 3 | + C 12 y 4 ^{_{+ C 13 y 3 | x |}} + C 14 y 2 x 2 + C 15 y | x 3 | + C 16 x 4 + C 17 y 5 + C 18 y 4 | x | + C 19 y 3 x 2 + C 20 y 2 | x 3 | + C ^{_{21 yx 4 + C 22 | x}} 5 | + C 23 y 6 + C 24 y 5 | x | + C 25 y 4 x 2 + C 26 y 3 | x 3 | + C 27 y 2 x 4 + C 28 y | x 5 | + C 29 x ^{_{6 + C 30 y 7 + C}} 31 y 6 | x | + C 32 y 5 x 2 + C 33 y 4 | x 3 | + C 34 y 3 x 4 + C 35 y 2 | x 5 | + C 36 yx 6 + C 37 | x 7 | (C) In the embodiment of the present invention, the surface shape is expressed by a free-form surface using the above equation (a).
It goes without saying that the same operation and effect can be obtained by using the expression (c).

In Examples 1 to 24, when the observation optical system was used, the observation angle of view was 15 ° for the horizontal half angle of view and 15 ° for the vertical half angle of view.
56 °, the size of the image display element is 5.89 × 4.42 m
m, which corresponds to a pupil diameter of 4 mm and a focal length of about 10 mm.

FIGS. 1 to 6 show sectional views taken along the line YX including the optical axis in Examples 1 to 6, respectively. In any of the first to sixth embodiments, the stop 2 and the prism 1 are arranged in the order in which light passes from the object side.
0, an image plane (imaging plane) 3 and an intermediate image 4
Imaged within 0. The prism 10 is composed of independent first to fifth surfaces 11 to 15, and the first surface 11 allows a light beam from the object side to enter the prism 10 and
The second surface 12 reflects the light beam reflected from the first surface 11 in the prism, and the third surface 13 reflects the light beam reflected from the first surface 11 into the prism. The fourth surface 14 reflects the light beam reflected by the third surface 13 in the prism, and the fifth surface 15 emits the light beam reflected by the fourth surface 14 out of the prism to form an image on the image surface 3. The first surface 11 is the same optically active surface having both a transmitting effect and a reflecting effect.

In each of the first to sixth embodiments, the optical path incident on the third surface 13 and the optical path reflected on the fourth surface 14 intersect in the prism.
The directions of the reflected light from the third surface 13 to the fourth surface 14 are opposite in Examples 1 to 3 and Examples 4 to 6, and the image plane 3 is substantially the same as the prism 10 in Examples 1 to 3. It is disposed rearward, and is disposed substantially in front of the prism 10 in Examples 4 to 6.

The second to eighth planes of the constituent parameters described later are represented by the amount of eccentricity with respect to the first virtual plane 1, and the image plane is the distance from the virtual plane 2 of the eighth plane. It is represented only by the surface spacing along the axial chief ray.

FIGS. 7 to 12 show sectional views taken along the line YX including the optical axis of Examples 7 to 12, respectively. In any of the seventh to twelfth embodiments, the stop 2, the prism 10, and the image plane (imaging plane) 3 are arranged in the order in which light passes from the object side, and the intermediate image 4 is formed in the prism 10. The prism 10 includes independent first to fifth surfaces 11 to 15, and the first surface 11 allows a light beam from the object side to enter the prism 10 and a light beam reflected by the second surface 12 within the prism. The second surface 12 reflects the light beam incident from the first surface 11 in the prism, the third surface 13 reflects the light beam reflected on the first surface 11 in the prism, and the fourth surface 14 The light beam reflected by the three surfaces 13 is reflected in the prism, and the fifth surface 15 is
The light reflected by the light source is emitted to the outside of the prism to form an image on the image plane 3, and the first surface 11 is the same optically active surface having both a transmitting effect and a reflecting effect.

In each of Examples 7 to 12, the optical path incident on the third surface 13, the optical path incident on the fourth surface 14, and the optical path reflected on the fourth surface 14 are Z-shaped in the prism. Are formed. The third
The directions of the reflected light from the surface 13 to the fourth surface 14 are opposite in Examples 7 to 9 and Examples 10 to 12.

The second to eighth planes of the constituent parameters described later are represented by the amount of eccentricity with respect to the first virtual plane 1, and the image plane is the distance from the virtual plane 2 of the eighth plane. It is represented only by the surface spacing along the axial chief ray.

FIGS. 13 to 18 are sectional views of Examples 13 to 18 taken along the line YX including the optical axis. Examples 13 to 18
In any case, in order of light passing from the object side, aperture 2,
A prism 10 includes an image plane (imaging plane) 3, and an intermediate image 4 is formed in the prism 10. The prism 10 is composed of independent first to fourth surfaces 11 to 14, and the first surface 11 allows a light beam from the object side to enter the prism 10 and a light beam reflected by the second surface 12 within the prism. The second surface 12 reflects the light beam incident from the first surface 11 in the prism, and the third surface 13 reflects the light beam reflected on the first surface 11 in the prism and also reflects on the fourth surface 14. The emitted light flux is emitted out of the prism to form an image on the image plane 3, and the second
The surface 12 is configured to reflect the light beam incident from the first surface 11 in the prism, and the first surface 11 and the third surface 13
Are the same optical action surfaces having both a transmission action and a reflection action.

In each of Embodiments 13 to 18, the third surface 13 is formed of the same surface that serves both transmission and reflection, and the reflection is reflection by total reflection. The direction of the reflected light from the third surface 13 to the fourth surface 14 is opposite in Examples 13 to 15 and Examples 16 to 18, and the image plane 3 is substantially the same as the prism 10 in Examples 13 to 15. It is disposed rearward, and is disposed substantially in front of the prism 10 in Examples 16 and 18.

The second to eighth planes of the constituent parameters described later are represented by the amount of eccentricity with respect to the first virtual plane 1, and the image plane is the distance from the virtual plane 2 of the eighth plane. It is represented only by the surface spacing along the axial chief ray.

FIGS. 19 and 20 are sectional views of Examples 19 and 20 taken along the line YX including the optical axis. Examples 19 and 20
In any case, in order of light passing from the object side, aperture 2,
A prism 10 includes an image plane (imaging plane) 3, and an intermediate image 4 is formed in the prism 10. The prism 10 includes independent first to fifth surfaces 11 to 15, and the first surface 11 allows a light beam from the object side to enter the prism 10 and a light beam reflected by the second surface 12 within the prism. The second surface 12 reflects the light beam incident from the first surface 11 in the prism, the third surface 13 reflects the light beam reflected on the first surface 11 in the prism, and the fourth surface 14 The light beam reflected on the third surface 13 is reflected in the prism and the fifth surface 15
The light beam reflected by the light exits the prism and forms an image on the image plane 3. The fifth surface 15 is configured to reflect the light beam incident from the first surface 14 in the prism. The fourth surface 14 and the fourth surface 14 are the same optically active surface having both a transmitting effect and a reflecting effect.

In the nineteenth and twentieth embodiments, the fourth surface 14 is formed of the same surface that serves both transmission and reflection, and the reflection is reflection by total reflection. Note that the directions of the reflected light from the fourth surface 14 to the fifth surface 15 are opposite in the nineteenth and twentieth embodiments.

The second to ninth planes of the constituent parameters described later are represented by the amount of eccentricity with respect to the first virtual plane 1, and the image plane is the distance from the ninth virtual plane 2. It is represented only by the surface spacing along the axial chief ray.

FIGS. 21 and 22 are sectional views of Examples 21 and 22 taken along the line YX including the optical axis, respectively. Examples 21 and 22
In any case, in order of light passing from the object side, aperture 2,
A prism 10 includes an image plane (imaging plane) 3, and an intermediate image 4 is formed in the prism 10. The prism 10 includes independent first to sixth surfaces 11 to 16, and the first surface 11 allows the light beam from the object side to enter the prism 10 and the light beam reflected by the second surface 12 to pass through the prism. The second surface 12 reflects the light beam incident from the first surface 11 in the prism, the third surface 13 reflects the light beam reflected on the first surface 11 in the prism, and the fourth surface 14 The light beam reflected on the third surface 13 is reflected in the prism, and the fifth surface 15 is reflected on the fourth surface.
The sixth surface 16 reflects the light beam reflected by the surface 14 in the prism, and the sixth surface 16 emits the light beam reflected by the fifth surface 15 out of the prism to form an image on the image plane 3. One surface 11 is the same optically acting surface having both a transmitting effect and a reflecting effect.

In each of Embodiments 21 and 22, the optical path incident on the fourth surface 14, the optical path incident on the fifth surface 15, and the optical path reflected on the fifth surface 15 are both Z in the prism.
It is configured to form a letter-shaped optical path. Note that the directions of the reflected light from the fourth surface 14 to the fifth surface 15 are opposite in the example 21 and the example 22.

The second to ninth surfaces of the constituent parameters described later are represented by the amount of eccentricity with respect to the first virtual surface 1, and the image plane is the distance from the ninth virtual surface 2. It is represented only by the surface spacing along the axial chief ray.

FIGS. 23 and 24 are YX sectional views including the optical axis of Examples 23 and 24, respectively. Examples 23 and 24
In any case, in order of light passing from the object side, aperture 2,
A prism 10 includes an image plane (imaging plane) 3, and an intermediate image 4 is formed in the prism 10. The prism 10 includes independent first to sixth surfaces 11 to 16, and the first surface 11 allows the light beam from the object side to enter the prism 10 and the light beam reflected by the second surface 12 to pass through the prism. The second surface 12 reflects the light beam incident from the first surface 11 in the prism, the third surface 13 reflects the light beam reflected on the first surface 11 in the prism, and the fourth surface 14 The light beam reflected on the third surface 13 is reflected in the prism, and the fifth surface 15 is reflected on the fourth surface.
The sixth surface 16 reflects the light beam reflected by the surface 14 in the prism, and the sixth surface 16 emits the light beam reflected by the fifth surface 15 out of the prism to form an image on the image plane 3. One surface 11 is the same optically acting surface having both a transmitting effect and a reflecting effect.

In each of Embodiments 23 and 24, the optical path incident on the fourth surface 14 and the optical path reflected on the fifth surface 15 intersect in the prism. Note that the directions of the reflected light from the fourth surface 14 to the fifth surface 15 are opposite in Example 23 and Example 24, and the image plane 3 is disposed substantially behind the prism 10 in Example 23. In Example 25, it is arranged substantially in front of the prism 10.

The second to ninth surfaces of the constituent parameters described later are represented by the amount of eccentricity with respect to the first virtual surface 1, and the image plane is the distance from the ninth virtual surface 2. It is represented only by the surface spacing along the axial chief ray.

It goes without saying that the optical system of the present invention can be applied to other sizes. Further, the present invention includes not only the observation optical system and the imaging optical system and the display optical system using the imaging optical system according to the present invention, but also an imaging device incorporating the optical system. The configuration parameters of Examples 1 to 24 are shown below. In these tables, “FFS” indicates a free-form surface, and “HRP” indicates a virtual surface.

Example 1 Surface Number Curvature Radius Surface Distance Eccentricity Refractive Index Abbe Number Object Surface ∞-1000.00 1 絞 り (aperture surface) (HRP1) 2 FFS Eccentricity (1) 1.4924 57.6 3 FFS Eccentricity (2) 1.4924 57.6 4 FFS Eccentricity (1) 1.4924 57.6 5 FFS Eccentricity (3) 1.4924 57.6 6 FFS Eccentricity (4) 1.4924 57.6 7 FFS Eccentricity (5) 8 ∞ (HRP2) 2.00 Eccentricity (6) Image plane ∞ FFS C ₄ -5.8521 × 10 ^-3 C ₆ -6.2673 × 10 ^-4 FFS C ₄ -1.6260 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -9.4275 × 10 ^-3 FFS C ₄ -2.1784 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -9.4758 × 10 ^-3 FFS C ₄ 9.4776 × 10 ^-3 C ₆ 2.1424 × 10 ^-2 FFS C ₄ -1.0546 × 10 ^-1 C ₆ -1.4653 × 10 ^-1 Eccentricity (1) X 0.00 Y 7.96 Z 27.73 α 2.23 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (2) X 0.00 Y 0.06 Z 33.86 α -25.82 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (3) X 0.00 Y 31.29 Z 43.08 α 34.16 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (4) X 0.00 Y 29.67 Z 35.24 α -10.84 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (5) X 0.00 Y 23.88 Z 44.04 α -32.65 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (6) X 0.00 Y 23.88 Z 44.04 α -33.68 β 0.00 γ 0.00.

Example 2 Surface Number Curvature Radius Surface Distance Eccentricity Refractive Index Abbe Number Object Surface ∞ -1000.00 1 絞 り (Aperture Surface) (HRP1) 2 FFS Eccentricity (1) 1.4924 57.6 3 FFS Eccentricity (2) 1.4924 57.6 4 FFS Eccentricity (1) 1.4924 57.6 5 FFS eccentricity (3) 1.4924 57.6 6 FFS eccentricity (4) 1.4924 57.6 7 FFS eccentricity (5) 8 ∞ (HRP2) 2.00 eccentricity (6) Image plane ＦＦ FFS C ₄ -1.4016 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -5.1585 × 10 ^-4 C ₈ -2.7728 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₀ 3.2062 × 10 ^-5 FFS C ₄ -1.6708 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -1.0326 × 10 ^-2 C ₈ -2.2402 × 10 ^-5 C ₁₀ 1.5070 × 10 ^-5 FFS C ₄ -1.8786 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -1.2045 × 10 ^-2 C ₈ -4.9803 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₀ -1.0998 × 10 ^-4 FFS C ₄ 1.4930 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ 1.9405 × 10 ^-2 C ₈ -1.4668 × 10 ^-3 C ₁₀ -8.3509 × 10 ^-4 FFS C ₄ -1.7062 × 10 ^-1 C ₆ -9.9617 × 10 ^-2 Eccentricity (1) X 0.00 Y 7.92 Z 26.19 α 13.20 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (2) X 0.00 Y 0.45 Z 34.32 α -19.23 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (3) X 0.00 Y 32.86 Z 35.77 α 46. 48 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (4) X 0.00 Y 29.58 Z 28.41 α 1.48 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (5) X 0.00 Y 25.93 Z 37.91 α -13.19 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (6) X 0.00 Y 25.93 Z 37.91 α- 24.92 β 0.00 γ 0.00.

Example 3 Surface Number Curvature Radius Surface Spacing Eccentricity Refractive Index Abbe Number Object Surface ∞-1000.00 1 絞 り (aperture surface) (HRP1) 2 FFS Eccentricity (1) 1.4924 57.6 3 FFS Eccentricity (2) 1.4924 57.6 4 FFS Eccentricity (1) 1.4924 57.6 5 FFS eccentricity (3) 1.4924 57.6 6 FFS eccentricity (4) 1.4924 57.6 7 FFS eccentricity (5) 8 ∞ (HRP2) 2.00 eccentricity (6) Image plane ＦＦ FFS C ₄ -2.3066 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -7.3844 × 10 ^-3 C ₈ -1.1252 × 10 ^-3 C ₁₀ -2.3270 × 10 ^-5 C ₁₁ 4.8416 × 10 ^-6 C ₁₃ -2.8096 × 10 ^-5 C ₁₅ 5.4757 × 10 ^-6 FFS C ₄ -1.9775 _{^{× 10 -2 C 6 -1.4518 × 10}} -2 C 8 -5.4928 × 10 -5 C 10 1.6175 × 10 -5 C 11 -6.4381 × 10 -6 C 13 -5.2745 × 10 -6 C 15 -1.6886 × 10 - ⁶ FFS C ₄ -1.9438 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -1.5546 × 10 ^-2 C ₈ -2.8 360 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₀ -3.0384 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₁ -1.0176 × 10 ^-5 C ₁₃ -3.0754 × 10 ^-5 C ₁₅ -2.1121 × 10 ^-5 FFS C ₄ 1.2926 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ 1.2307 × 10 ^-2 C ₈ -1.2381 × 10 ^-3 C ₁₀ -1.1468 × 10 ^-3 C ₁₁ -4.1481 × 10 ^-5 C ₁₃ -9.2216 × 10 ^-5 C ₁₅ -7.4819 × 10 ^-5 FFS C ₄ -4.3 140 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -9.0426 × 10 ^-2 C ₁₃ -3.7456 × 10 ^-3 Eccentricity (1) X 0.00 Y 9.23 Z 27.22 α 8.37 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (2) X 0.00 Y 0.07 Z 34.73 α -25.00 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (3) X 0.00 Y 31.11 Z 36.35 α 44.86 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (4) X 0.00 Y 27.75 Z 28.18 α -0.14 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (5) X 0.00 Y 23.44 Z 38.51 α -24.60 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (6) X 0.00 Y 23.44 Z 38.51 α -21.68 β 0.00 γ 0.00.

Example 4 Surface Number Curvature Radius Surface Distance Eccentricity Refractive Index Abbe Number Object Surface ∞ -1000.00 1 絞 り (aperture surface) (HRP1) 2 FFS Eccentricity (1) 1.4924 57.6 3 FFS Eccentricity (2) 1.4924 57.6 4 FFS Eccentricity (1) 1.4924 57.6 5 FFS Eccentricity (3) 1.4924 57.6 6 FFS Eccentricity (4) 1.4924 57.6 7 FFS Eccentricity (5) 8 ∞ (HRP2) 2.00 Eccentricity (6) Image plane ＦＦ FFS C ₄ -4.5377 × 10 ^-3 C ₆ -8.9553 × 10 ^-4 FFS C ₄ -1.3915 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -1.1831 × 10 ^-2 FFS C ₄ -1.6691 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -2.0134 × 10 ^-2 FFS C ₄ 2.1617 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ 6.7298 × 10 ^-3 FFS C ₄ -1.0369 × 10 ^-1 C ₆ -8.4821 × 10 ^-2 Eccentricity (1) X 0.00 Y 10.69 Z 27.43 α 3.61 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (2) X 0.00 Y 0.10 Z 34.58 α -27.57 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (3) X 0.00 Y 32.66 Z 38.53 α 85.69 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (4) X 0.00 Y 24.10 Z 41.35 α 130.69 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (5) X 0.00 Y 28.30 Z 33.03 α 147.95 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (6) X 0.00 28.30 Z 33.03 α 155.78 β 0.00 γ 0.00.

Example 5 Surface Number Curvature Radius Surface Distance Eccentricity Refractive Index Abbe Number Object Surface ∞ -1000.00 1 絞 り (Aperture Surface) (HRP1) 2 FFS Eccentricity (1) 1.4924 57.6 3 FFS Eccentricity (2) 1.4924 57.6 4 FFS Eccentricity (1) 1.4924 57.6 5 FFS eccentricity (3) 1.4924 57.6 6 FFS eccentricity (4) 1.4924 57.6 7 FFS eccentricity (5) 8 ∞ (HRP2) 2.00 eccentricity (6) Image plane ∞ FFS C ₄ -8.5630 × 10 ^-3 C ₆ -1.8600 × 10 ^-3 C ₈ -1.9037 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₀ -1.0418 × 10 ^-5 FFS C ₄ -1.5560 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -1.1706 × 10 ^-2 C ₈ -6.8546 × 10 ^-5 C ₁₀ -3.6460 × 10 ^-5 FFS C ₄ -1.3719 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -1.3397 × 10 ^-2 C ₈ -5.3561 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₀ -3.6335 × 10 ^-4 FFS C ₄ 2.3164 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ 1.7885 × 10 ^-2 C ₈ -1.7580 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₀ -1.1260 × 10 ^-4 FFS C ₄ -8.2572 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -9.7667 × 10 ^-2 Eccentricity (1) X 0.00 Y 9.92 Z 27.21 α 5.53 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (2) X 0.00 Y 0.13 Z 34.46 α -26.15 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (3) X 0.00 Y 30.03 Z 36.78 α 87 .05 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (4) X 0.00 Y 20.18 Z 40.28 α 132.05 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (5) X 0.00 Y 24.89 Z 30.38 α 155.71 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (6) X 0.00 Y 24.89 Z 30.38 α 153.97 β 0.00 γ 0.00.

Example 6 Surface Number Curvature Radius Surface Distance Eccentricity Refractive Index Abbe Number Object Surface ∞ -1000.00 1 絞 り (aperture surface) (HRP1) 2 FFS Eccentricity (1) 1.4924 57.6 3 FFS Eccentricity (2) 1.4924 57.6 4 FFS Eccentricity (1) 1.4924 57.6 5 FFS Eccentricity (3) 1.4924 57.6 6 FFS Eccentricity (4) 1.4924 57.6 7 FFS Eccentricity (5) 8 ∞ (HRP2) 2.00 Eccentricity (6) Image plane ∞ FFS C ₄ -1.0000 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -4.5074 × 10 ^-3 C ₈ -3.4205 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₀ -4.9159 × 10 ^-5 C ₁₁ 5.0478 × 10 ^-6 C ₁₃ -1.1505 × 10 ^-5 C ₁₅ 1.9265 × 10 ^-6 FFS C ₄ -1.5865 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -1.3396 × 10 ^-2 C ₈ -8.5761 × 10 ^-5 C ₁₀ -4.4899 × 10 ^-5 C ₁₁ -2.6039 × 10 ^-6 C ₁₃ -5.5383 × 10 ^-6 C ₁₅ -3.8950 × 10 ^-6 FFS C ₄ -1.2799 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -1.5706 × 10 ^-2 C ₈ -4.5892 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₀ -3.0622 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₁ 1.7385 × 10 ^-5 C ₁₃ 8.4 485 × 10 ^-5 C ₁₅ 2.1566 × 10 ^-5 FFS C ₄ 2.4968 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ 1.4309 × 10 ^-2 C ₈ -8.4404 × 10 ^-5 C ₁₀ -2.7037 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₁ 4.9206 × 10 ^-6 C ₁₃ 3.9809 × 10 ^-5 C ₁₅ -8.7 114 × 10 ^-6 FFS C ₄ -4.2805 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -9.2 470 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₃ -3.3190 × 10 ^-3 Eccentricity (1) X 0.00 Y 12.07 Z 27.65 α 4.15 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (2) X 0.00 Y 0.00 Z 34.84 α -29.63 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (3) X 0.00 Y 29.93 Z 35.04 α 90.04 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (4) X 0.00 Y 19.60 Z 39.33 α 135.04 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (5) X 0.00 Y 23.77 Z 29.23 α 157.30 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (6) X 0.00 Y 23.77 Z 29.23 α 157.66 β 0.00 γ 0.00.

Example 7 Surface number Curvature radius Surface distance Eccentricity Refractive index Abbe number Object surface -100-1000.00 1 ∞ (Aperture surface) (HRP1) 2 FFS Eccentricity (1) 1.4924 57.6 3 FFS Eccentricity (2) 1.4924 57.6 4 FFS Eccentricity (1) 1.4924 57.6 5 FFS eccentricity (3) 1.4924 57.6 6 FFS eccentricity (4) 1.4924 57.6 7 FFS eccentricity (5) 8 ∞ (HRP2) 2.11 Eccentricity (6) Image plane ∞ FFS C ₄ -1.6532 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -7.3161 × 10 ^-3 FFS C ₄ -1.4796 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -1.4400 × 10 ^-2 FFS C ₄ -1.7934 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -2.0257 × 10 ^-2 FFS C ₄ 2.5680 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ 1.0492 × 10 ^-2 FFS C ₄ -1.6054 × 10 ^-1 C ₆ -8.0198 × 10 ^-2 Eccentricity (1) X 0.00 Y 11.97 Z 24.17 α 22.97 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (2) X 0.00 Y 0.76 Z 38.36 α -17.07 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentric (3) X 0.00 Y 25.99 Z 25.58 α 112.44 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentric (4) X 0.00 Y 19.28 Z 33.75 α 124.06 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentric (5) X 0.00 Y 27.98 Z 31.01 α 99.17 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (6) X 0.00 27.98 Z 31.01 α 111.65 β 0.00 γ 0.00.

Example 8 Surface Number Curvature Radius Surface Distance Eccentricity Refractive Index Abbe Number Object Surface ∞-1000.00 1 絞 り (aperture surface) (HRP1) 2 FFS Eccentricity (1) 1.4924 57.6 3 FFS Eccentricity (2) 1.4924 57.6 4 FFS Eccentricity (1) 1.4924 57.6 5 FFS eccentricity (3) 1.4924 57.6 6 FFS eccentricity (4) 1.4924 57.6 7 FFS eccentricity (5) 8 ∞ (HRP2) 0.10 eccentricity (6) Image plane ∞ FFS C ₄ 6.4351 × 10 ^-4 C ₆ 1.2381 × 10 ^-4 C ₈ -4.9811 × 10 ^-5 C ₁₀ 3.2767 × 10 ^-5 FFS C ₄ -1.5005 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -9.9891 × 10 ^-3 C ₈ -1.3030 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₀ 4.4421 × 10 ^-6 FFS C ₄ -3.3387 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -2.7276 × 10 ^-2 C ₈ -2.7042 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₀ 3.6538 × 10 ^-4 FFS C ₄ -5.5299 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ 3.5410 × 10 ^-3 C ₈ -1.1562 × 10 ^-3 C ₁₀ -4.4389 × 10 ^-4 FFS C ₄ -1.7043 × 10 ^-1 C ₆ -1.3211 × 10 ^-1 Eccentricity (1) X 0.00 Y 9.23 Z 25.68 α 14.21 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (2) X 0.00 Y 0.58 Z 35.22 α -18.79 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (3) X 0.00 Y 34.17 Z 34.46 α 88.15 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (4) X 0.00 Y 25.72 Z 36.84 α 63.69 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (5) X 0.00 Y 27.00 Z 40.06 α 22.32 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (6) X 0.00 Y 27.78 Z 42.05 α 21.35 β 0.00 γ 0.00.

Example 9 Surface Number Curvature Radius Surface Distance Eccentricity Refractive Index Abbe Number Object Surface ∞-1000.00 1 絞 り (aperture surface) (HRP1) 2 FFS Eccentricity (1) 1.4924 57.6 3 FFS Eccentricity (2) 1.4924 57.6 4 FFS Eccentricity (1) 1.4924 57.6 5 FFS eccentricity (3) 1.4924 57.6 6 FFS eccentricity (4) 1.4924 57.6 7 FFS eccentricity (5) 8 ∞ (HRP2) 1.70 Eccentricity (6) Image plane ∞ FFS C ₄ -7.4358 × 10 ^-3 C ₆ -1.3900 × 10 ^-4 C ₈ -1.5283 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₀ 1.2770 × 10 ^-5 C ₁₁ -5.9086 × 10 ^-6 C ₁₃ -3.5953 × 10 ^-6 C ₁₅ 1.2889 × 10 ^-6 FFS C ₄ -2.2061 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -8.5974 × 10 ^-3 C ₈ -3.9327 × 10 ^-5 C ₁₀ 6.9 530 × 10 ^-5 C ₁₁ 8.6186 × 10 ^-7 C ₁₃ -1.4824 × 10 ^-5 C ₁₅ 5.1656 × 10 ^-6 FFS C ₄ -3.0828 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -2.4768 × 10 ^-2 C ₈ 1.1085 × 10 ^-6 C ₁₀ 3.4061 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₁ -2.4459 × 10 ^-5 C ₁₃ -5.1886 × 10 ^-5 C ₁₅ 3.4386 × 10 ^-5 FFS C ₄ -7.3370 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ 1.4925 × 10 ^-2 C ₈ 1.4808 × 10 ^-3 C ₁₀ -1.3411 × 10 ^-3 C ₁₁ 1.2151 × 10 ^-3 C ₁₃ -2. 8939 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₅ -1.8827 × 10 ^-4 FFS C ₄ -5.7293 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -1.6528 × 10 ^-1 Eccentricity (1) X 0.00 Y 6.80 Z 27.62 α 3.29 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (2) X 0.00 Y 0.11 Z 33.94 α -22.79 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (3) X 0.00 Y 30.61 Z 45.43 α 70.75 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (4) X 0.00 Y 20.82 Z 45.14 α 44.72 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (5) X 0.00 Y 20.90 Z 49.42 α -4.75 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (6) X 0.00 Y 20.92 Z 49.72 α 4.05 β 0.00 γ 0.00.

Example 10 Surface number Curvature radius Surface distance Eccentricity Refractive index Abbe number Object surface ∞-1000.00 1 絞 り (Aperture surface) (HRP1) 2 FFS Eccentricity (1) 1.4924 57.6 3 FFS Eccentricity (2) 1.4924 57.6 4 FFS Eccentricity (1) 1.4924 57.6 5 FFS Eccentricity (3) 1.4924 57.6 6 FFS Eccentricity (4) 1.4924 57.6 7 FFS Eccentricity (5) 8 ∞ (HRP2) 2.34 Eccentricity (6) Image plane ∞ FFS C ₄ -2.2039 × 10 ^-3 C ₆ -1.2604 × 10 ^-3 FFS C ₄ -1.4126 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -1.0600 × 10 ^-2 FFS C ₄ -1.0804 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -4.4837 × 10 ^-3 FFS C ₄ 2.1922 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ 2.3227 × 10 ^-2 FFS C ₄ -6.6409 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -7.2810 × 10 ^-2 Eccentricity (1) X 0.00 Y 8.67 Z 27.29 α 5.28 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (2) X 0.00 Y 0.15 Z 34.25 α -24.71 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (3) X 0.00 Y 27.15 Z 37.41 α 45.85 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (4) X 0.00 Y 20.05 Z 25.30 α 43.55 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (5) X 0.00 Y 30.98 Z 32.47 α 46.03 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (6) X 0.00 30.98 Z 32.47 α 62.10 β 0.00 γ 0.00.

Example 11 Surface number Curvature radius Surface spacing Eccentricity Refractive index Abbe number Object plane ∞-1000.00 1 絞 り (Aperture plane) (HRP1) 2 FFS Eccentricity (1) 1.4924 57.6 3 FFS Eccentricity (2) 1.4924 57.6 4 FFS Eccentricity (1) 1.4924 57.6 5 FFS eccentricity (3) 1.4924 57.6 6 FFS eccentricity (4) 1.4924 57.6 7 FFS eccentricity (5) 8 ∞ (HRP2) 1.00 eccentricity (6) Image plane ＦＦ FFS C ₄ -1.5016 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -6.1737 × 10 ^-3 C ₈ -5.7478 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₀ -5.9015 × 10 ^-5 FFS C ₄ -1.5651 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -1.2527 × 10 ^-2 C ₈ -8.3701 × 10 ^-5 C ₁₀ -4.4009 × 10 ^-5 FFS C ₄ -1.7166 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -1.5771 × 10 ^-2 C ₈ -6.3169 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₀ -5.5054 × 10 ^-4 FFS C ₄ 2.0880 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ 1.9243 × 10 ^-2 C ₈ -1.0402 × 10 ^-3 C ₁₀ -8.0912 × 10 ^-4 FFS C ₄ -1.1867 × 10 ^-1 C ₆ -1.1998 × 10 ^-1 C ₈ 1.2882 × 10 ^-2 Eccentricity (1) X 0.00 Y 12.29 Z 26.84 α 9.22 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (2) X 0.00 Y 0.11 Z 37.26 α -24.38 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (3) X 0.00 28.53 Z 33.44 α 53.05 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (4) X 0.00 Y 20.97 Z 23.82 α 52.46 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (5) X 0.00 Y 31.33 Z 28.28 α 76.58 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (6) X 0.00 Y 31.33 Z 28.28 α 61.77 β 0.00 γ 0.00.

Example 12 Surface Number Curvature Radius Surface Distance Eccentricity Refractive Index Abbe Number Object Surface -100-1000.00 1 絞 り (aperture surface) (HRP1) 2 FFS Eccentricity (1) 1.4924 57.6 3 FFS Eccentricity (2) 1.4924 57.6 4 FFS Eccentricity (1) 1.4924 57.6 5 FFS eccentricity (3) 1.4924 57.6 6 FFS eccentricity (4) 1.4924 57.6 7 FFS eccentricity (5) 8 ∞ (HRP2) 2.00 eccentricity (6) Image plane ＦＦ FFS C ₄ -2.1402 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -8.9669 × 10 ^-3 C ₈ -7.3 450 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₀ -3.7256 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₁ -2.2108 × 10 ^-5 C ₁₃ -4.8336 × 10 ^-5 C ₁₅ -1.0891 × 10 ^-5 FFS C ₄ -1.5499 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -1.1819 × 10 ^-2 C ₈ 7.1345 × 10 ^-5 C ₁₀ 5.7238 × 10 ^-6 C ₁₁ -2.4872 × 10 ^-6 C ₁₃ -7.2396 × 10 ^-6 C ₁₅ -3.1965 × 10 ^-6 FFS C ₄ -2.0072 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -1.7383 × 10 ^-2 C ₈ -5.0626 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₀ -4.8887 × 10 ^-4 FFS C ₄ 1.6816 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ 1.5350 × 10 ^-2 C ₈ -9.9633 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₀ -8.8389 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₁ -1.2494 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₃ -1.5727 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₅ -1.0173 × 10 ^-4 FFS C ₄ -9.687 7 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -3.2 360 × 10 ^-2 C ₈ 3.5 176 × 10 ^-3 C ₁₃ -8.9193 × 10 ^-4 Eccentricity (1) X 0.00 Y 16.72 Z 26.55 α 10.47 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (2) X 0.00 Y -0.03 Z 41.59 α -24.10 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (3) X 0.00 Y 30.02 Z 31.65 α 51.37 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (4) X 0.00 Y 23.49 Z 21.87 α 52.15 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (5) X 0.00 Y 33.18 Z 25.28 α 70.87 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (6) X 0.00 Y 33.18 Z 25.28 α 70.44 β 0.00 γ 0.00.

Example 13 Surface Number Curvature Radius Surface Distance Eccentricity Refractive Index Abbe Number Object Surface ∞-1000.00 1 ∞ (aperture surface) (HRP1) 2 FFS Eccentricity (1) 1.4924 57.6 3 FFS Eccentricity (2) 1.4924 57.6 4 FFS Eccentricity (1) 1.4924 57.6 5 FFS eccentricity (3) 1.4924 57.6 6 FFS eccentricity (4) 1.4924 57.6 7 FFS eccentricity (5) 8 ∞ (HRP2) 9.90 eccentricity (6) Image plane ＦＦ FFS C ₄ -2.5107 × 10 ^-3 C ₆ -2.0614 × 10 ^-3 FFS C ₄ -1.5267 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -1.2948 × 10 ^-2 FFS C ₄ 6.1174 × 10 ^-3 C ₆ 2.8995 × 10 ^-3 FFS C ₄ 3.2336 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ 2.7639 × 10 ^-2 Eccentricity (1) X 0.00 Y 10.70 Z 25.95 α 12.14 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (2) X 0.00 Y 0.40 Z 35.16 α -22.51 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (3) X 0.00 Y 31.93 Z 32.66 α 12.86 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (4) X 0.00 Y 34.58 Z 30.16 α -24.43 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (5) X 0.00 Y 31.93 Z 32.66 α 12.86 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (6) X 0.00 Y 34.51 Z 32.09 α -9.32 β 0.00 γ 0.00.

Example 14 Surface No. Curvature Radius Surface Spacing Eccentricity Refractive Index Abbe Number Object Surface ∞-1000.00 1 ∞ (aperture surface) (HRP1) 2 FFS Eccentricity (1) 1.4924 57.6 3 FFS Eccentricity (2) 1.4924 57.6 4 FFS Eccentricity (1) 1.4924 57.6 5 FFS Eccentricity (3) 1.4924 57.6 6 FFS Eccentricity (4) 1.4924 57.6 7 FFS Eccentricity (5) 8 ∞ (HRP2) 11.91 Eccentricity (6) Image plane ∞ FFS C ₄ -3.6701 × 10 ^-3 C ₆ -1.3810 × 10 ^-3 C ₈ -1.6643 × 10 ^-5 C ₁₀ -4.5798 × 10 ^-5 FFS C ₄ -1.3853 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -1.0834 × 10 ^-2 C ₈ -3.3986 × 10 ^-5 C ₁₀ -5.6219 × 10 ^-5 FFS C ₄ 7.9196 × 10 ^-3 C ₆ 3.4812 × 10 ^-3 C ₈ -1.0189 × 10 ^-3 C ₁₀ -2.3628 × 10 ^-4 FFS C ₄ 2.6134 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ 2.2364 × 10 ^-2 C ₈ -4.6611 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₀ -2.3200 × 10 ^-4 Eccentricity (1) X 0.00 Y 9.09 Z 24.99 α 18.82 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (2) X 0.00 Y 0.78 Z 35.35 α -16.34 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (3) X 0.00 Y 37.60 Z 31.90 α 19.27 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (4) X 0.00 Y 41.15 Z 27.33 α -14.00 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (5) X 0.00 Y 37.60 Z 31.90 α 19.27 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (6) X 0.00 Y 41.70 Z 30.52 α 5.62 β 0.00 γ 0.00.

Example 15 Surface Number Curvature Radius Surface Distance Eccentricity Refractive Index Abbe Number Object Surface ∞-1000.00 1 ∞ (aperture surface) (HRP1) 2 FFS Eccentricity (1) 1.4924 57.6 3 FFS Eccentricity (2) 1.4924 57.6 4 FFS Eccentricity (1) 1.4924 57.6 5 FFS Eccentricity (3) 1.4924 57.6 6 FFS Eccentricity (4) 1.4924 57.6 7 FFS Eccentricity (5) 8 ∞ (HRP2) 13.26 Eccentricity (6) Image plane ＦＦ FFS C ₄ -2.0529 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -5.7279 × 10 ^-3 C ₈ -1.5206 × 10 ^-3 C ₁₀ -4.6897 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₁ -3.7534 × 10 ^-5 C ₁₃ -5.4401 × 10 ^-5 C ₁₅ -1.7527 × 10 ^-5 FFS C ₄ -1.6097 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -1.2236 × 10 ^-2 C ₈ -3.7748 × 10 ^-5 C ₁₀ -2.4028 × 10 ^-7 C ₁₁ -7.2708 × 10 ^-6 C ₁₃ -1.0986 × 10 ^-5 C ₁₅ -4.7866 × 10 ^-6 FFS C ₄ 9.6926 × 10 ^-3 C ₆ 2.9634 × 10 ^-3 C ₈ -2.0954 × 10 ^-3 C ₁₀ -5.2647 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₁ 1.8570 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₃ 1.8176 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₅ 3.6035 × 10 ^-5 FFS C ₄ 2.6430 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ 2.1224 × 10 ^-2 C ₈ -4.9500 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₀ -3.3687 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₁ 5.4410 × 10 ^-5 C ₁₃ 3.3337 × 10 ^-5 C ₁₅ 4.0900 × 10 ^-6 Eccentricity (1) X 0.00 Y 16.65 Z 28.08 α 2.38 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (2) X 0.00 Y -0.28 Z 38.46 α -30.00 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (3 ) X 0.00 Y 31.99 Z 35.82 α 4.83 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (4) X 0.00 Y 37.56 Z 31.71 α -27.14 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (5) X 0.00 Y 31.99 Z 35.82 α 4.83 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (6) X 0.00 Y 37.51 Z 35.39 α -3.20 β 0.00 γ 0.00.

Example 16 Surface No. Curvature Radius Surface Interval Eccentricity Refractive Index Abbe Number Object Surface ∞-1000.00 1 絞 り (Aperture Surface) (HRP1) 2 FFS Eccentricity (1) 1.4924 57.6 3 FFS Eccentricity (2) 1.4924 57.6 4 FFS Eccentricity (1) 1.4924 57.6 5 FFS eccentricity (3) 1.4924 57.6 6 FFS eccentricity (4) 1.4924 57.6 7 FFS eccentricity (5) 8 ∞ (HRP2) 9.98 eccentricity (6) Image plane ∞ FFS C ₄ -2.2327 × 10 ^-3 C ₆ -1.4 116 × 10 ^-3 FFS C ₄ -1.3439 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -1.1676 × 10 ^-2 FFS C ₄ -1.0610 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -4.9997 × 10 ^-3 FFS C ₄ -2.5586 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -2.2622 × 10 ^-2 Eccentricity (1) X 0.00 Y 8.89 Z 24.04 α 24.81 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (2) X 0.00 Y 1.10 Z 35.90 α -12.70 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (3) X 0.00 Y 30.65 Z 26.74 α -40.34 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (4) X 0.00 Y 33.47 Z 36.35 α 0.13 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (5) X 0.00 Y 30.65 Z 26.74 α -40.34 β 0.00 γ Eccentricity (6) X 0.00 Y 35.20 Z 30.38 α 175.11 β 0.00 γ 0.00.

Example 17 Surface Number Curvature Radius Surface Distance Eccentricity Refractive Index Abbe Number Object Surface ∞-1000.00 1 ∞ (aperture surface) (HRP1) 2 FFS Eccentricity (1) 1.4924 57.6 3 FFS Eccentricity (2) 1.4924 57.6 4 FFS Eccentricity (1) 1.4924 57.6 5 FFS Eccentricity (3) 1.4924 57.6 6 FFS Eccentricity (4) 1.4924 57.6 7 FFS Eccentricity (5) 8 ∞ (HRP2) 6.89 Eccentricity (6) Image plane ∞ FFS C ₄ -9.9627 × 10 ^-3 C ₆ -2.3398 × 10 ^-3 C ₈ -1.3807 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₀ -7.4846 × 10 ^-5 FFS C ₄ -1.4760 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -1.1519 × 10 ^-2 C ₈ 2.5580 × 10 ^-5 C _10- 8.2324 × 10 ^-5 FFS C ₄ -9.9627 × 10 ^-3 C ₆ -2.3398 × 10 ^-3 C ₈ -1.3807 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₀ -7.4846 × 10 ^-5 FFS C ₄ 3.2386 × 10 ^-3 C ₆ -9.7940 × 10 ^-4 C ₈ 9.7726 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₀ -3.3002 × 10 ^-4 FFS C ₄ -2.3548 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -2.1449 × 10 ^-2 C ₈ 3.1445 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₀ 8.5 411 × 10 ^-5 Eccentricity (1) X 0.00 Y 9.86 Z 20.84 α 36.98 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (2) X 0.00 Y 2.20 Z 37.80 α -5.83 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Heart (3) X 0.00 Y 20.33 Z 19.32 α -19.67 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (4) X 0.00 Y 30.21 Z 30.14 α 28.00 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (5) X 0.00 Y 20.33 Z 19.32 α -19.67 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (6) X 0.00 Y 28.20 Z 21.87 α 210.48 β 0.00 γ 0.00.

Example 18 Surface Number Curvature Radius Surface Distance Eccentricity Refractive Index Abbe Number Object Surface ∞ -1000.00 1 絞 り (aperture surface) (HRP1) 2 FFS Eccentricity (1) 1.4924 57.6 3 FFS Eccentricity (2) 1.4924 57.6 4 FFS Eccentricity (1) 1.4924 57.6 5 FFS eccentricity (3) 1.4924 57.6 6 FFS eccentricity (4) 1.4924 57.6 7 FFS eccentricity (5) 8 ∞ (HRP2) 7.98 eccentricity (6) Image plane ∞ FFS C ₄ -1.4476 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -5.2787 × 10 ^-3 C ₈ -4.8 142 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₀ -1.3106 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₁ -8.0309 × 10 ^-6 C ₁₃ -5.3860 × 10 ^-6 C ₁₅ -6.7641 × 10 ^-7 FFS C ₄ -1.5479 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -1.3280 × 10 ^-2 C ₈ -3.1922 × 10 ^-5 C ₁₀ -5.3036 × 10 ^-5 C ₁₁ -3.6791 × 10 ^-6 C ₁₃ -3.6415 × 10 ^-6 C ₁₅ -8.1559 × 10 ^-7 FFS C ₄ -6.2380 × 10 ^-3 C ₆ -6.6351 × 10 ^-4 C ₈ -7.3881 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₀ -4.1326 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₁ 6.5015 × 10 ^-5 C ₁₃ -2.1663 × 10 ^-5 C ₁₅ -1.0735 × 10 ^-5 FFS C ₄ -2.4206 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -2.0 205 × 10 ^-2 C ₈ -7.2285 × 10 ^-5 C ₁₀ -5.8713 × 10 ^-5 C ₁₁ -1.9712 × 10 ^-5 C ₁₃ -3.2989 × 10 ^-5 C ₁₅ -2.0372 × 10 ^-5 Eccentricity (1) X 0.00 Y 9.16 Z 21.23 α 38.98 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (2) X 0.00 Y 2.08 Z 37.51 α -5.60 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (3) X 0.00 Y 19.96 Z 19.04 α -20.01 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (4) X 0.00 Y 28.73 Z 30.06 α 26.00 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (5) X 0.00 Y 19.96 Z 19.04 α -20.01 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (6) X 0.00 Y 26.61 Z 21.25 α 210.54 β 0.00 γ 0.00.

Example 19 Surface No. Curvature Radius Surface Distance Eccentricity Refractive Index Abbe Number Object Surface ∞-1000.00 1 ∞ (Aperture Surface) (HRP1) 2 FFS Eccentricity (1) 1.5254 56.2 3 FFS Eccentricity (2) 1.5254 56.2 4 FFS Eccentricity (1) 1.5254 56.2 5 FFS eccentricity (3) 1.5254 56.2 6 FFS eccentricity (4) 1.5254 56.2 7 FFS eccentricity (5) 1.5254 56.2 8 FFS eccentricity (4) 9 ∞ (HRP2) -12.58 Eccentricity (6) Image plane ＦＦ FFS C ₄ -5.8923 × 10 ^-3 C ₆ -5.3538 × 10 ^-3 C ₈ -6.2613 × 10 ^-5 C ₁₀ -5.7374 × 10 ^-5 FFS C ₄ -1.4270 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -1.2439 × 10 ^-2 C ₈ -1.5248 × 10 ^-5 C ₁₀ -1.9210 × 10 ^-5 FFS C ₄ 2.3947 × 10 ^-3 C ₆ -3.7099 × 10 ^-3 C ₈ 3.3030 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₀ 1.1806 × 10 ^-5 FFS C ₄ -6.9333 × 10 ^-3 C ₆ -1.4351 × 10 ^-2 C ₈ 1.4343 × 10 ^-3 C ₁₀ 3.9875 × 10 ^-4 FFS C ₄ -1.9465 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -2.2638 × 10 ^-2 C ₈ 3.3456 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₀ 2.7091 × 10 ^-5 Eccentricity (1) X 0.00 Y 7.94 Z 27.72 α 4.24 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (2) X 0.00 Y 0.00 Z 34.03 α -25.75 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (3) X 0.00 Y 27.36 Z 38.95 α -0.16 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (4) X 0.00 Y 39.88 Z 31.81 α -6.48 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (5) X 0.00 Y 47.58 Z 38.90 α 27.82 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (6) X 0.00 Y 46.58 Z 32.04 α 11.94 β 0.00 γ 0.00.

Example 20 Surface No. Curvature Radius Surface Spacing Eccentricity Refractive Index Abbe Number Object Surface ∞-1000.00 1 ∞ (Aperture Surface) (HRP1) 2 FFS Eccentricity (1) 1.5254 56.2 3 FFS Eccentricity (2) 1.5254 56.2 4 FFS Eccentricity (1) 1.5254 56.2 5 FFS eccentricity (3) 1.5254 56.2 6 FFS eccentricity (4) 1.5254 56.2 7 FFS eccentricity (5) 1.5254 56.2 8 FFS eccentricity (4) 9 ∞ (HRP2) -2.03 eccentricity (6) Image plane ∞ FFS ^{_{C 4 -1.4900 × 10 -3 C 6}} 1.9451 × 10 -3 C 8 -5.7952 × 10 -4 C 10 1.4051 × 10 -4 FFS C 4 -1.1879 × 10 -2 C 6 -5.5411 × 10 -3 C 8 - _{^{1.1918 × 10 -4 C 10 1.8914 ×}} 10 -4 FFS C 4 -2.6293 × 10 -2 C 6 -6.1925 × 10 -3 C 8 2.1887 × 10 -4 C 10 4.7797 × 10 -5 FFS C 4 3.0353 × 10 - ² C ₆ 1.5709 × 10 ^-2 C ₈ -1.8187 × 10 ^-3 C ₁₀ -9.3454 × 10 ^-4 FFS C ₄ 2.2610 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -1.0405 × 10 ^-2 C ₈ 1.1275 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₀ 1.1612 × 10 ^-3 Eccentricity (1) X 0.00 Y 13.10 Z 27.70 α 1.22 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (2) X 0.00 Y 0.00 Z 39 .36 α -24.16 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (3) X 0.00 Y 34.12 Z 44.87 α 0.00 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (4) X 0.00 Y 44.79 Z 36.16 α -104.51 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (5) X 0.00 Y 43.01 Z 31.69 α -114.55 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (6) X 0.00 Y 45.56 Z 30.80 α -59.69 β 0.00 γ 0.00.

Example 21 Surface No. Curvature Radius Surface Spacing Eccentricity Refractive Index Abbe Number Object Surface ∞-1000.00 1 ∞ (aperture surface) (HRP1) 2 FFS Eccentricity (1) 1.5254 56.2 3 FFS Eccentricity (2) 1.5254 56.2 4 FFS Eccentricity (1) 1.5254 56.2 5 FFS eccentricity (3) 1.5254 56.2 6 FFS eccentricity (4) 1.5254 56.2 7 FFS eccentricity (5) 1.5254 56.2 8 FFS eccentricity (6) 9 ∞ (HRP2) -1.00 eccentricity (7) Image surface ＦＦ FFS C ₄ -2.3617 × 10 ^-3 C ₆ -2.7071 × 10 ^-4 C ₈ -9.0990 × 10 ^-5 C ₁₀ 1.3289 × 10 ^-5 FFS C ₄ -1.2558 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -9.4729 × 10 ^-3 C ₈ -5.2031 × 10 ^-5 C ₁₀ -4.5079 × 10 ^-5 FFS C ₄ 2.6 118 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -2.2973 × 10 ^-3 C ₈ -4.2545 × 10 ^-5 C ₁₀ -1.2258 × 10 ^-4 FFS C ₄ 2.0552 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ 9.2562 × 10 ^-3 C ₈ 6.2519 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₀ -3.9339 × 10 ^-5 FFS C ₄ -6.8571 × 10 ^-3 C ₆ -1.4213 × 10 ^-2 C ₈ 8.1993 × 10 ^{-4 _{C 10 5.0629 × 10 -5 FFS C}} 4 6.8830 × 10 -2 C 6 8.1101 × 10 -2 C 8 -5.2931 × 10 -3 C 10 5.5461 × 10 -3 Heart (1) X 0.00 Y 10.31 Z 27.94 α 0.56 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (2) X 0.00 Y 0.00 Z 34.64 α -28.50 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (3) X 0.00 Y 28.19 Z 39.06 α -0.67 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (4) X 0.00 Y 40.05 Z 32.07 α -37.46 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (5) X 0.00 Y 37.42 Z 41.54 α -35.46 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (6) X 0.00 Y 49.31 Z 33.36 α -55.88 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (7) X 0.00 Y 49.31 Z 33.36 α -55.24 β 0.00 γ 0.00.

Example 22 Surface Number Curvature Radius Surface Distance Eccentricity Refractive Index Abbe Number Object Surface ∞-1000.00 1 ∞ (Aperture Surface) (HRP1) 2 FFS Eccentricity (1) 1.5254 56.2 3 FFS Eccentricity (2) 1.5254 56.2 4 FFS Eccentricity (1) 1.5254 56.2 5 FFS eccentricity (3) 1.5254 56.2 6 FFS eccentricity (4) 1.5254 56.2 7 FFS eccentricity (5) 1.5254 56.2 8 FFS eccentricity (6) 9 ∞ (HRP2) -2.15 eccentricity (7) Image plane ＦＦ FFS C ₄ -1.0929 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -8.2776 × 10 ^-4 C ₈ -2.6017 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₀ 5.1677 × 10 ^-5 FFS C ₄ -1.9469 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -8.9873 × 10 ^-3 C ₈ -1.0800 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₀ 1.2275 × 10 ^-5 FFS C ₄ -2.1464 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -3.0051 × 10 ^-3 C ₈ -3.6902 × 10 ^-5 C ₁₀ -1.2866 × 10 ^-4 FFS C ₄ 1.1154 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ 1.0416 × 10 ^-2 C ₈ -8.4266 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₀ -2.7732 × 10 ^-4 FFS C ₄ -1.0027 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -1.4670 × 10 ^-2 C ₈ -1.6618 × 10 ^-3 C ₁₀ 2.0590 × 10 ^-4 FFS C ₄ -1.2239 × 10 ^-1 C ₆ 5.4744 × 10 ^-2 C ₈ 1.9768 × 10 ^-2 C ₁₀ 4.9228 × 10 ^-3 Eccentricity (1) X 0.00 Y 10.35 Z 27.80 α 1.93 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (2) α -26.27 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (3) X 0.00 Y 30.11 Z 40.91 α 0.00 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (4) X 0.00 Y 41.58 Z 33.30 α -94.53 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (5) X 0.00 Y 33.38 Z 25.75 α -108.65 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (6) X 0.00 Y 41.21 Z 25.01 α -95.57 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (7) X 0.00 Y 41.21 Z 25.01 α -78.78 β 0.00 γ 0.00.

Example 23 Surface Number Curvature Radius Surface Distance Eccentricity Refractive Index Abbe Number Object Surface ∞-1000.00 1 ∞ (aperture surface) (HRP1) 2 FFS Eccentricity (1) 1.5254 56.2 3 FFS Eccentricity (2) 1.5254 56.2 4 FFS Eccentricity (1) 1.5254 56.2 5 FFS eccentricity (3) 1.5254 56.2 6 FFS eccentricity (4) 1.5254 56.2 7 FFS eccentricity (5) 1.5254 56.2 8 FFS eccentricity (6) 9 ∞ (HRP2) -4.92 eccentricity (7) Image surface ∞ FFS C ₄ -1.1712 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -2.5707 × 10 ^-3 C ₈ -2.9097 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₀ -2.4496 × 10 ^-5 FFS C ₄ -1.8079 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -1.1735 × 10 ^-2 C ₈ -1.1004 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₀ 5.5394 × 10 ^-7 FFS C ₄ -2.4507 × 10 ^-3 C ₆ 3.2251 × 10 ^-3 C ₈ -7.3299 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₀ 2.4324 × 10 ^-4 FFS C ₄ 7.9626 × 10 ^-3 C ₆ 1.7033 × 10 ^-2 C ₈ -5.3962 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₀ 2.8521 × 10 ^-4 FFS C ₄ -1.9009 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ 2.0298 × 10 ^-4 C ₈ -7.8579 × 10 ^-4 C ^{_{10 6.6939 × 10 -4 FFS C 4}} -1.4970 × 10 -1 C 6 -1.3065 × 10 -2 C 8 9.4896 × 10 -3 C 10 4.8748 × 10 -3 Heart (1) X 0.00 Y 10.48 Z 27.77 α 2.62 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (2) X 0.00 Y 0.00 Z 21.02 α -27.74 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (3) X 0.00 Y 30.51 Z 39.00 α 0.00 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (4) X 0.00 Y 43.67 Z 31.63 α -90.73 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (5) X 0.00 Y 37.47 Z 27.95 α -145.64 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (6) X 0.00 Y 39.19 Z 38.29 α -178.90 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (7) X 0.00 Y 39.19 Z 38.29 α -166.18 β 0.00 γ 0.00.

Example 24 Surface Number Curvature Radius Surface Distance Eccentricity Refractive Index Abbe Number Object Surface ∞-1000.00 1 絞 り (Aperture Surface) (HRP1) 2 FFS Eccentricity (1) 1.5254 56.2 3 FFS Eccentricity (2) 1.5254 56.2 4 FFS Eccentricity (1) 1.5254 56.2 5 FFS eccentricity (3) 1.5254 56.2 6 FFS eccentricity (4) 1.5254 56.2 7 FFS eccentricity (5) 1.5254 56.2 8 FFS eccentricity (6) 9 ∞ (HRP2) -2.49 Eccentricity (7) Image surface ＦＦ FFS ^{_{C 4 -1.5020 × 10 -3 C 6}} 3.1351 × 10 -3 C 8 -3.1737 × 10 -4 C 10 2.3439 × 10 -4 FFS C 4 -1.2903 × 10 -2 C 6 -4.3659 × 10 -3 C 8 - 1.7897 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₀ 2.7038 × 10 ^-4 FFS C ₄ 1.0468 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ 5.4951 × 10 ^-3 C ₈ 1.3560 × 10 ^-3 C ₁₀ 5.5053 × 10 ^-4 FFS C ₄ 1.6441 × 10 ^-2 C ₆ -2.0682 × 10 ^-4 C ₈ 3.6941 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₀ 2.4 420 × 10 ^-4 FFS C ₄ -9.2101 × 10 ^-3 C ₆ -2.1365 × 10 ^-2 C ₈ 3.6396 × 10 ^-4 C ₁₀ 2.7614 × 10 ^{_{-4 FFS C 4 -2.0807 × 10 -3}} C 6 2.2427 × 10 -1 C 8 -6.6889 × 10 -3 C 10 -2.6248 × 10 -2 polarized (1) X 0.00 Y 8.21 Z 27.95 α -0.23 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (2) X 0.00 Y 0.00 Z 34.59 α -25.53 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (3) X 0.00 Y 21.30 Z 38.70 α 0.00 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (4) X 0.00 Y 36.68 Z 26.06 α -20.60 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (5) X 0.00 Y 38.07 Z 34.47 α 31.40 β 0.00 γ 0.00 Eccentricity (6) X 0.00 Y 26.40 Z 25.81 α 55.15 β 0.00 γ 0.00.

Next, FIGS. 25 to 28 show the lateral aberration diagrams of the above-mentioned Examples 1, 7, 13, and 24, respectively. In these lateral aberration diagrams, the numbers in parentheses indicate (horizontal (X direction) angle of view, vertical (Y direction) angle of view), and indicate the lateral aberration at that angle of view.

Next, the values relating to the conditional expressions (1) to (11) in Examples 1 to 24 are as follows. Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Example 6 (1) 1.03 0.97 1.29 0.87 0.99 1.03 (2) 0.60 0.64 0.92 0.77 0.74 0.90 (3) 2.65 2.89 2.57 2.69 2.63 2.56 (4) -0.37 -0.81 -1.50 -0.28 -0.54 -0.65 (5) -0.04 -0.03 -0.47 -0.06 -0.12 -0.30 (8) 1.38 1.09 1.27 1.04 0.87 0.83 (9) 0.60 0.75 0.99 1.31 0.85 1.05 (10) 0.06 0.08 0.08 0.12 0.14 0.15 (11) 1.32 1.16 0.62 0.48 1.15 0.90 Example 7 Example 8 Example 9 Example 10 Example 11 Example 12 (1) 0.90 0.95 1.42 0.92 1.00 1.00 (2) 0.88 0.60 0.57 0.67 0.80 0.80 (3) 2.76 2.65 2.59 2.55 2.63 2.58 (4) -1.00 0.04 -0.48 -0.14 -0.95 -1.38 (5) -0.45 0.01 -0.01 -0.08 -0.39 -0.61 (8) 1.09 2.11 1.99 0.71 1.09 1.30 (9) 1.24 1.64 1.65 0.28 1.00 1.18 (10) 0.15 -0.35 -0.42 0.14 0.12 0.10 (11) 0.71 0.24 0.68 1.64 1.23 0.99 Example 13 Example 14 Example 15 Example 16 Example 17 Example 18 (1) 0.89 0.84 1.08 0.84 0.89 1.02 (2) 0.72 0.72 0.86 0.70 0.73 0.84 (3) 2.86 2.76 2.49 2.68 2.77 2.55 (4) -0.15 -0.22 -1.38 -0.14 -0.60 -0.95 (5) -0.11 -0.09 -0.40 -0.08 -0.15 -0.33 ( 8) -0.36 -0.48 -0.65 -0.66 0.20 -0.41 (9) -0.16 -0.23 -0.21 -0.30 -0.06 -0.04 (10) 0.20 0.14 0.15 0.16 0.13 0.15 (11) 1.81 1.61 1.32 1.68 1.45 1.31 Example 19 Performed Example 20 Example 21 Example 22 Example 23 Example 24 (1) 0.88 0.79 0.81 1.34 1.11 0.86 (2) 0.80 0.36 0.64 0.59 0.75 0.34 (3) 2.77 2.57 2.64 2.48 2.77 2.57 (4) -0.36 -0.10 -0.15 -0.75 -0.72 -0.10 (5) -0.34 0.13 -0.02 -0.05 -0.16 0.24 (6) -0.15 1.75 1.69 1.48 0.15 -0.70 (7) 0.24 0.41 -0.16 0.20 -0.21 -0.43 (8) -0.43 2.02 1.33 0.77 0.49 1.09 (9) -0.92 1.03 0.62 0.68 1.09 -0.02 (10) 1.20 -1.50 0.44 0.69 1.17 0.61 (11) 1.45 0.68 0.96 0.96 -0.01 1.66

The optical system according to the present invention as described above forms an object image and receives the image with an image pickup device such as a CCD or a silver halide film to perform photographing, or an observation device for observing the object image through an eyepiece. It can also be used as a device. Specifically, silver halide cameras, digital cameras, VTR cameras, microscopes, head-mounted image display devices,
There are endoscopes, projectors, and the like. Below, the embodiment is illustrated.

As an example, FIG. 29 shows a head-mounted binocular image display device mounted on the observer's head, and FIG. 30 is a sectional view thereof. In this configuration, the observation optical system according to the present invention is configured as shown in FIG.
00 (in this case, Examples 10-12
Image display element 10 on the image plane 3 of the observation optical system
1 is arranged. ), A pair of left and right pairs of the eyepiece optical system 100 and the image display element 101 is prepared, and they are supported at a distance from each other by an eye distance. The portable image display device 102 is configured as described above.

That is, in the display device main body 102, the above-described observation optical system is used as the eyepiece optical system 100, and the eyepiece optical system 100 is provided as a pair of left and right eyepieces. Image display device 1 comprising
01 is arranged. Then, as shown in FIG. 29, the display device main body 102 is provided with a temporal frame 103 as shown in FIG. 29 so that the display device main body 102 can be held in front of the observer. . In order to protect the first surface 11 (see FIGS. 1 to 24) of the prism member 10 of the eyepiece optical system 100 of each image display device 102, as shown in FIG. The cover member 91 is arranged between the first surfaces 11. As the cover member 91, any of a parallel plane plate, a positive lens, and a negative lens may be used.

Further, the speaker 1 is provided on the temporal frame 103.
04 is provided so that stereophonic sound can be heard together with image observation. Thus, the speaker 1
Since the playback device 106 such as a portable video cassette is connected to the display device main body 102 having the video signal 04 via the video / audio transmission code 105, the observer can attach the playback device 106 to an arbitrary portion such as a belt as shown in the figure. , So that the user can enjoy video and audio. The reference numeral 107 in FIG.
This is an adjustment unit for adjusting the volume and the like. The display device body 10
2, electronic components such as a video processing circuit and an audio processing circuit are incorporated.

The cord 105 may have a jack at the tip so that it can be attached to an existing video deck or the like. Furthermore, it is connected to a tuner for TV radio wave reception,
It may be used for viewing, or may be connected to a computer to receive computer graphics images, message images from the computer, and the like. Also, in order to reject an obstructive code, an antenna may be connected to receive an external signal by radio waves.

Further, the observation optical system according to the present invention may be used in a head mounted image display device for one eye in which an eyepiece optical system is arranged in front of one of the right and left eyes. FIG. 31 shows a state in which the image display device for one eye is mounted on the observer's head (in this case, mounted on the left eye). In this configuration, the display device main body 102, which is a combination of the eyepiece optical system 100 and the image display element 101, is attached to the front frame 108 at a position in front of the corresponding eye.
Is provided with a temporal frame 103 as shown in the figure continuously to the left and right, so that the display device main body 102 can be held in front of one eye of the observer. Other configurations are shown in FIG.
The description is omitted here.

FIGS. 32 to 34 are conceptual diagrams showing a configuration in which the optical system according to the present invention is incorporated in an objective optical system of a photographing section and an objective optical system of a finder section of an electronic camera. FIG. 32 is a front perspective view showing the appearance of the electronic camera 40, and FIG.
FIG. 34 is a rear perspective view of the same, and FIG. 34 is a sectional view showing the configuration of the electronic camera 40. In this example, the electronic camera 40 includes a photographing optical system 41 having a photographing optical path 42, a finder optical system 43 having a finder optical path 44, and a shutter 4.
5, including a flash 46, a liquid crystal display monitor 47, etc.
When the shutter 45 disposed above the camera 40 is pressed, the photographing is performed through the photographing objective optical system 48 in conjunction with the pressing.

The objective optical system for photographing 48 includes, from the object side, a negative lens 92, a positive lens 93, a diaphragm 2, a prism member 10 according to the present invention, and a negative lens 94. The same type of optical system is used. The negative lens 94 on the exit side of the prism member 10 is movable along the optical axis for focusing. An object image formed by the photographing objective optical system 48 is passed through a filter 51 such as a low-pass filter or an infrared cut filter to an image pickup surface 50 of the CCD 49.
Formed on top. The object image received by the CCD 49 is displayed as an electronic image on the liquid crystal display monitor 47 provided on the back of the camera via the processing means 52. Also,
The processing means 52 is provided with a memory or the like, and can record a captured electronic image. This memory may be provided separately from the processing means 52, or may be configured to perform electronic recording and writing using a floppy disk or the like. Further, the camera may be configured as a silver halide camera in which a silver halide film is arranged instead of the CCD 49.

Further, on the finder optical path 44,
A finder objective optical system 53 is provided, and the finder objective optical system 53 includes a cover lens 54,
The diaphragm 2 is composed of the prism member 10 according to the present invention, and uses the same type of optical system as in the first to third embodiments. Also,
The cover lens 54 used as a cover member is
It is a lens with negative power, which enlarges the angle of view. The object image formed on the image plane by the finder objective optical system 53 is formed on a field frame 57 of a Porro prism 55 which is an image erecting member. The entrance surface of the Porro prism 55 is a negative lens surface 56, and
The field frame 57 separates the first reflection surface and the second reflection surface of the Porro prism 55 from each other and is disposed therebetween. Behind the polyprism 55, an eyepiece optical system 59 for guiding the erect image into the observer's eyeball E is disposed.

The camera 40 constructed as described above can be composed of a small number of optical members for the photographing objective optical system 48 and the finder objective optical system 53, so that high performance and low cost can be realized, and the optical systems 48 and 53 can be realized. Since the optical path itself can be folded and configured, the degree of freedom of arrangement inside the camera increases,
This is advantageous in terms of design, and a small camera can be configured.

Next, FIG. 35 shows a conceptual diagram of another configuration in which the optical system according to the present invention is incorporated in the objective optical system 48 of the photographing section of the electronic camera 40. In the case of this example, the imaging optical path 4
The photographing objective optical system 48 arranged on the second optical system 2
An optical system similar to that of No. 12 is used. The object image formed by the photographing objective optical system 48 is formed on the imaging surface 50 of the CCD 49 via a filter 51 such as a low-pass filter or an infrared cut filter. This CCD4
The object image received at 9 is displayed as an electronic image on a liquid crystal display (LCD) 60 via the processing means 52. The processing unit 52 also controls a recording unit 61 that records an object image captured by the CCD 49 as electronic information. The image displayed on the LCD 60 is guided to the observer's eyeball E via an eyepiece optical system 59 including an eccentric prism.
The photographing objective optical system 48 may include another lens (a positive lens, a negative lens) on the object side or the image side of the prism member 10 as a component thereof.

In the camera 40 thus configured, the photographing objective optical system 48 can be composed of a small number of optical members, high performance and low cost can be realized, and the entire optical system can be arranged on the same plane. Thus, it is possible to realize the thickness of the thickness in the direction perpendicular to the arrangement plane.

In the present embodiment, a parallel flat plate is arranged as the cover member 65 of the photographing objective optical system 48, but a lens having power may be used as in the previous embodiment.

Here, without providing the cover member, the surface of the image forming optical system according to the present invention which is arranged closest to the object can also be used as the cover member. In this example, the surface closest to the object is the incident surface of the prism 10. However, since this incident surface is eccentrically arranged with respect to the optical axis, if this surface is arranged in front of the camera, the photographing center of the camera 40 is shifted from itself when viewed from the subject side. This is an illusion (similar to a general camera, it is usual to sense that the image is taken in the vertical direction of the incident surface), giving a sense of incongruity. Therefore, when the surface closest to the object side of the imaging optical system is an eccentric surface as in the present example, providing the cover member 65 (or the cover lens 54) may cause an uncomfortable feeling when viewed from the subject side. It is desirable to be able to receive photography with the same feeling as an existing camera without feeling.

FIG. 36 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration in which the optical system according to the present invention is incorporated in the objective optical system 82 and the observation optical system 87 of the observation system of the electronic endoscope. In the case of this example, the objective optical system 82 of the observation system uses an optical system having substantially the same form as in Examples 13 to 15, and the eyepiece optical system 87 is used in Examples 1 to 3.
An optical system having substantially the same configuration as that of the optical system is used. As shown in FIG. 30A, the electronic endoscope includes an electronic endoscope 71, a light source device 72 that supplies illumination light, and a video processor 73 that performs signal processing corresponding to the electronic endoscope 71. A monitor 74 for displaying video signals output from the video processor 73; a VTR deck 75 connected to the video processor 73 for recording video signals and the like; and a video disk 76, and printing the video signals as video. 20 and a head-mounted image display device (HMD) 78 as shown in FIG. 20, for example, and a distal end portion 80 of an insertion portion 79 of the electronic endoscope 71.
The eyepiece 81 is configured as shown in FIG. The light beam illuminated from the light source device 72 passes through a light guide fiber bundle 88 and an illumination objective optical system 89.
Illuminates the observation site. Then, light from the observation site is formed as an object image by the observation objective optical system 82 via the cover member 85. This object image is
It is formed on the imaging surface of the CCD 84 via a filter 83 such as a low-pass filter or an infrared cut filter.
Further, this object image is converted into a video signal by the CCD 84, and the video signal is directly displayed on the monitor 74 by the video processor 73 shown in FIG. And printed out from the video printer 77 as a video. The image is displayed on the image display element 101 (FIG. 30) of the HMD 78 and displayed to the wearer of the HMD 78. At the same time, the image signal converted by the CCD 84 is displayed as an electronic image on a liquid crystal display (LCD) 86 of the eyepiece 81, and the displayed image passes through an eyepiece optical system 87 comprising an observation optical system of the present invention. It is led to the eyeball E.

The endoscope configured as described above can be configured with a small number of optical members, and can realize high performance and low cost. In addition, since the objective optical system 80 is arranged in the longitudinal direction of the endoscope,
The above effect can be obtained without inhibiting the reduction in diameter.

Next, FIG. 40 shows a desirable configuration when the imaging optical system according to the present invention is arranged in front of an image pickup device such as a CCD or a filter. In the figure, an eccentric prism P is a prism (for example, Example 13) of the imaging optical system of the present invention.
Now, when the imaging surface C of the imaging element forms a square as shown in the figure, the plane of symmetry D of the plane-symmetric free-form surface arranged on the eccentric prism P has at least one of the sides forming the square of the imaging surface C. Arrangement so as to be parallel to each other is desirable for beautiful image formation.

Further, when the image pickup surface C has four interior angles, such as a square and a rectangle, each formed at approximately 90 °, the plane of symmetry D of the plane-symmetric free-form surface is parallel to the image pickup surface C. It is arranged in parallel to a certain two sides, more preferably, is arranged in the middle of the two sides, and the configuration is such that the symmetry plane D coincides with the position where the imaging plane C is symmetrical left and right or up and down. preferable. With this configuration, it is easy to obtain the accuracy of assembling into the device,
It is effective for mass production.

In the case where a plurality of or all of the first, second, third, and fourth optical surfaces constituting the decentered prism P are plane-symmetric free-form surfaces, It is desirable from the viewpoint of both design and aberration performance that a plurality of surfaces or a symmetric surface of all surfaces be arranged on the same surface D. It is desirable that the relationship between the symmetry plane D and the imaging plane C has the same relation as described above.

The above-described optical system of the present invention can be constituted, for example, as follows. [1] In an optical system disposed between an image plane and a pupil plane, the optical system includes a prism member formed of a medium having a refractive index (n) larger than 1.3 (n> 1.3). Have
An intermediate image is formed on an optical path inside the prism member, and the prism member includes a transmission surface that causes a light beam to enter and exit inside and outside the prism member, and a reflection surface that reflects the light beam inside the prism member, wherein the reflection surface is The light beam is reflected at least four times inside the prism member, and at least one of the reflection surface and at least one of the transmission surfaces are formed on the same surface, and are used as transmission and reflection surfaces. And at least one of the reflection surfaces is formed in a curved shape that gives power to a light beam, and the transmission surface is used to correct rotationally asymmetric eccentric aberration generated by the prism member including the curved surface. An optical system, wherein at least one of the surface and / or the reflecting surface has a rotationally asymmetric surface shape for correcting eccentric aberration.

[2] The optical system as described in [1] above, which is arranged as an objective optical system arranged behind the pupil plane to form an object image.

[3] In an eyepiece optical system that guides a light beam from an image plane to a pupil via an intermediate image, the optical system is a medium whose refractive index (n) is larger than 1.3 (n> 1.3). An intermediate image is formed on an optical path inside the prism member, and the prism member has a transmission surface through which a light beam enters and exits the prism member, and a reflection surface which reflects the light beam inside the prism member. And a reflecting surface, wherein the reflecting surface is configured to reflect the light beam four times or more inside the prism member, at least one of the reflecting surfaces is formed in a curved shape that gives power to the light beam, and In order to correct rotationally asymmetric eccentric aberration generated by the prism member including a curved surface, at least one of the transmission surface and / or the reflection surface has a rotationally asymmetric surface shape for correcting eccentric aberration. An optical system characterized by satisfying the conditions.

1.0 <EP × Px <5.0 (3) where the ray connecting the center of the pupil and the center of the image plane is the axial principal ray, and the eccentric direction of the entire optical system is the Y axis. In the direction, when a plane parallel to the axial principal ray is a YZ plane, and a direction orthogonal to the YZ plane is an X direction, the power of the entire system in the X direction is P.
x, the distance from the exit surface of the prism member to the pupil is EP.

[4] In any one of the above items 1 to 3, the rotationally asymmetric surface shape for correcting the eccentric aberration may be formed by a plane-symmetric free-form surface having only two planes of symmetry. Characteristic optical system.

[5] In the above item 4, a ray connecting the center of the pupil and the center of the image plane is defined as an axial principal ray, and a ray connecting the center of the pupil and the center of the image plane is defined as an axial principal ray. The eccentric direction of the system is the Y-axis direction, and the plane parallel to the axial principal ray is Y
-Z plane, and the direction orthogonal to the YZ plane is the X direction, a plane-symmetric free-form surface having only the two planes of symmetry forms one symmetry plane on the YZ plane and another plane on the YZ plane. An optical system characterized in that one symmetric plane is formed on each of the XZ planes.

[6] In any one of the above items 1 to 3, the rotationally asymmetric surface shape for correcting the eccentric aberration may be formed by a plane-symmetric free-form surface having only one plane of symmetry. Characteristic optical system.

[7] In the above item 6, a ray connecting the center of the pupil and the center of the image plane is defined as an axial principal ray, and a ray connecting the center of the pupil and the center of the image plane is defined as an axial principal ray. The eccentric direction of the system is the Y-axis direction, and the plane parallel to the axial principal ray is Y
When the -Z plane is defined and the direction orthogonal to the YZ plane is defined as the X direction, a plane-symmetric free-form surface having only one plane of symmetry is
An optical system characterized in that only one symmetry plane is formed on the YZ plane.

[8] In any one of the above items 4 to 7, the prism member may have at least a first transmission surface, a first reflection surface, and a second reflection surface in order from the pupil side to the image plane side. And a third reflection surface, a fourth reflection surface, and a second transmission surface, wherein at least the first transmission surface and the second reflection surface are formed on the same surface. An optical system, wherein the first reflection surface is formed by a plane-symmetric free-form surface having only one or two symmetry surfaces.

[0188]

[9] In any one of the above items 4 to 7, the prism member may have at least a first transmission surface, a first reflection surface, a second reflection surface, and a second surface extending from the pupil side to the image plane side. A third reflection surface, a fourth reflection surface, and a second transmission surface, wherein at least the first transmission surface and the second reflection surface are formed of the same surface as a transmission / reflection combined surface; The first transmission surface and the second reflection surface are combined with each other, and the symmetric surface is 1
An optical system comprising a surface or a plane-symmetric free-form surface having only two surfaces.

[10] In any one of the above items 4 to 7, the prism member may move from the pupil side to the image plane side,
At least a first transmission surface, a first reflection surface, a second reflection surface, a third reflection surface, a fourth reflection surface, and a second transmission surface, and at least the first transmission surface and the second transmission surface The two reflecting surfaces are constituted by transmission / reflection surfaces formed on the same surface, and the third reflecting surface is constituted by a plane-symmetric free-form surface having only one or two symmetry surfaces. An optical system characterized by the above.

[11] In any one of the above items 4 to 7, the prism member may move from the pupil side to the image plane side,
At least a first transmission surface, a first reflection surface, a second reflection surface, a third reflection surface, a fourth reflection surface, and a second transmission surface, and at least the first transmission surface and the second transmission surface The two reflecting surfaces are constituted by transmission / reflection surfaces formed on the same surface, and the fourth reflecting surface is constituted by a plane-symmetric free-form surface having only one or two symmetry surfaces. An optical system characterized by the above.

[12] In any one of the above items 4 to 7, the prism member may move from the pupil side to the image plane side,
At least a first transmission surface, a first reflection surface, a second reflection surface, a third reflection surface, a fourth reflection surface, and a second transmission surface, and at least the first transmission surface and the second transmission surface The two reflecting surfaces are constituted by transmission / reflection surfaces formed on the same surface, and the second transmission surface is constituted by a plane-symmetric free-form surface having only one or two symmetry surfaces. An optical system characterized by the above.

[13] The method according to any one of items 8 to 12, wherein the intermediate image is formed on an optical path between the second reflection surface and the third reflection surface. Optical system.

[14] In the above item 13, wherein a fifth reflecting surface is provided on an optical path between the second reflecting surface and the third reflecting surface, and the fifth reflecting surface has one or two symmetrical surfaces. An optical system comprising a plane-symmetric free-form surface only.

[15] In any one of the above items 8 to 14, the third reflecting surface, the fourth reflecting surface, and the second transmitting surface are each constituted by independent surfaces, and An optical path connecting the third reflection surface to the intermediate image surface, wherein a reflection surface is disposed at a position facing the surface of the intermediate image, the fourth reflection surface is disposed at a position facing the second transmission surface, An optical path intersecting an optical path connecting the fourth reflection surface and the second transmission surface.

[16] In any one of the above items 8 to 14, the third reflecting surface, the fourth reflecting surface, and the second transmitting surface are each constituted by an independent surface, and An optical path connecting the reflecting surface and the surface of the intermediate image, an optical path connecting the third reflecting surface and the fourth reflecting surface, and an optical path connecting the fourth reflecting surface and the second transmitting surface are Z-shaped. An optical system, wherein the optical system is configured to form a mold optical path.

[17] In any one of the above items 8 to 14, the third reflection surface and the second transmission surface are formed of the same surface which is used for both transmission and reflection, and the third reflection surface is provided. Is an optical system comprising a total reflection surface.

[18] In any one of the above items 8 to 17, the eccentric direction of all the optical systems is the Y-axis direction, a plane parallel to the axial principal ray is a YZ plane, and the YZ plane is When the orthogonal direction is defined as the X direction, the power of all the optical systems in the Y direction is P
Assuming that the power in the y and X directions is Px, the power in the X direction at the position where the axial principal ray of the first reflecting surface hits is Px3, and the power in the Y direction is Py3, 0.2 <Px3 / Px <3.0. (1) 0 <Py3 / Py <3.0 (2) An optical system characterized by satisfying at least one of the following conditional expressions:

[19] In any one of the above items 8 to 18, the eccentric direction of all optical systems is the Y-axis direction, a plane parallel to the axial principal ray is a YZ plane, and the YZ plane is When the orthogonal direction is defined as the X direction, the power of all the optical systems in the Y direction is P
Assuming that the power in the y and X directions is Px, the power in the X direction at the position where the axial principal ray of the second reflecting surface hits is Px4, and the power in the Y direction is Py4, -2.0 <Px4 / Px <0. 5 (4) -1.0 <Py4 / Py <0.8 (5) An optical system characterized by satisfying at least one of the following conditional expressions:

[20] In the above item 14, the eccentric direction of the entire optical system is the Y-axis direction, and the plane parallel to the axial principal ray is YZ.
When the direction orthogonal to the YZ plane is the X direction, the power of the entire optical system in the Y direction is Py, the power in the X direction is Px, and the position at which the axial principal ray of the fifth reflecting surface is hit. Assuming that the power in the X direction is Px4 ′ and the power in the Y direction is Py4 ′, −1.5 <Px4 ′ / Px <2.5 (6) −1.5 <Py4 ′ / Py <1. 5 An optical system satisfying at least one of the conditional expressions (7).

[21] In any one of the above items 8 to 20, the eccentric direction of the entire optical system is the Y-axis direction, and a plane parallel to the axial principal ray is a YZ plane. When the orthogonal direction is defined as the X direction, the power of all the optical systems in the Y direction is P
Assuming that the power in the y and X directions is Px, the power in the X direction at the position where the axial principal ray of the third reflecting surface hits is Px5, and the power in the Y direction is Py5, -1.5 <Px5 / Px <5. 0 (8) −2.0 <Py5 / Py <5.0 (9) An optical system characterized by satisfying at least one of the following conditional expressions:

[22] In any one of the above items 8 to 21, the eccentric direction of the entire optical system is the Y-axis direction, and a plane parallel to the axial principal ray is a YZ plane. When the orthogonal direction is defined as the X direction, the power of all the optical systems in the Y direction is P
Assuming that the power in the y and X directions is Px, the power in the X direction at the position where the axial principal ray of the fourth reflecting surface hits is Px6, and the power in the Y direction is Py6, -2.5 <Px6 / Px <2. 0 (10) -1.0 <Py6 / Py <3.0 (11) An optical system characterized by satisfying at least one of the following conditional expressions:

[23] Any one of the above 2 or 4 to 22
9. The objective optical system according to item 1, wherein a stop is arranged on the pupil.

[24] Any one of the above 2 or 4 to 23
Item, wherein the optical system is arranged as a finder objective optical system, an image erecting optical system for erecting an object image formed by the finder objective optical system, and an eyepiece optical system, Viewfinder optical system.

[25] A camera device comprising: the finder optical system according to the above item 24; and a photographing objective optical system provided in parallel with the finder optical system.

[26] An optical system according to any one of [1], [2] or [4] to [23], and an imaging device arranged on an image plane formed by the optical system. Characteristic imaging optical system.

[27] The optical system according to any one of the above items 1, 2 or 4 to 23 is arranged as a photographing objective optical system,
An imaging optical system, comprising: a finder optical system disposed in an optical path different from the imaging optical system or in an optical path separated from the imaging objective optical system.

[28] The optical system according to any one of the above items 1, 2 or 4 to 23, an image sensor arranged on an image plane formed by the optical system, and light received by the image sensor. An electronic camera device comprising: a recording medium for recording image information; and an image display element for forming an observation image by receiving image information from the recording medium or the image sensor.

[29] An observation system comprising the optical system according to any one of the above items 1, 2 or 4 to 23, and an image transmitting member for transmitting an image formed by the optical system along a long axis direction. An illumination system comprising: an illumination light source; and an illumination system having an illumination light transmission member that transmits illumination light from the illumination light source along the long axis direction.

[30] An objective optical system for forming an image plane,
An image erecting optical system having the image plane as an erect erect image;
3. A finder optical system, wherein the optical system according to any one of 2) is arranged as a finder eyepiece optical system.

[31] A camera device comprising: a photographing objective optical system juxtaposed with the finder optical system according to the above item 30.

[32] A main unit including an image display device for forming an image, the optical system according to any one of the above items 3 to 22, for guiding the image to an observer's eyeball, and the main unit including an observer's face. A head-mounted image display device, comprising: a support portion that is supported by an observer's head for holding it forward.

[33] An objective optical system for forming an object image, an imaging device arranged on an image plane formed by the objective optical system, and a recording medium for recording image information received by the imaging device An image display element configured to form an observation image by receiving image information from the recording medium or the imaging element; and any one of the above items 3 to 22 arranged to observe an image formed by the image display element An electronic camera device comprising: the optical system according to any one of the preceding claims.

[34] An objective optical system for forming an object image, an image transmitting member for transmitting an image formed by the objective optical system along the longitudinal direction, and an object for observing the transmitted image plane. 23. An observation system having the optical system according to any one of the above items 3 to 22, and an illumination light transmission member for transmitting illumination light from the illumination light source along the long axis direction. An endoscope apparatus comprising an illumination system.

[0214]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, the eccentric prism is formed so that the intermediate image is formed once in the prism, and is reflected at least four times inside the prism. With an eccentric prism with one optical system, the focal length is around 10 mm, and the observation horizontal field angle is 30.
It is possible to provide an optical system with a high resolution and a high magnification that can take an appropriate angle.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an optical system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of an optical system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of an optical system according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of an optical system according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of an optical system according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of an optical system according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of an optical system according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view of an optical system according to Example 8 of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view of an optical system according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view of an optical system according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view of an optical system according to Example 11 of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a sectional view of an optical system according to a twelfth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a sectional view of an optical system according to a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a sectional view of an optical system according to Example 14 of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a sectional view of an optical system according to Example 15 of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a sectional view of an optical system according to Example 16 of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a sectional view of an optical system according to Example 17 of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a sectional view of an optical system according to Example 18 of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a sectional view of an optical system according to Example 29 of the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a sectional view of an optical system according to Example 20 of the present invention.

FIG. 21 is a sectional view of an optical system according to Example 21 of the present invention.

FIG. 22 is a sectional view of an optical system according to Example 22 of the present invention.

FIG. 23 is a sectional view of an optical system according to Example 23 of the present invention.

FIG. 24 is a sectional view of an optical system according to Example 24 of the present invention.

FIG. 25 is a lateral aberration diagram of the first embodiment.

FIG. 26 is a lateral aberration diagram of the seventh embodiment.

FIG. 27 is a lateral aberration diagram of the thirteenth embodiment.

FIG. 28 is a diagram showing the lateral aberration of Example 24;

FIG. 29 is a diagram showing a state in which a head-mounted binocular image display device using the observation optical system of the present invention is mounted on an observer's head.

30 is a sectional view of FIG. 29.

FIG. 31 is a diagram showing a state in which a head-mounted image display device for one eye mounting using the observation optical system of the present invention is mounted on the observer's head.

FIG. 32 is a front perspective view showing the appearance of an electronic camera to which the optical system according to the invention is applied.

FIG. 33 is a rear perspective view of the electronic camera of FIG. 32;

FIG. 34 is a sectional view showing one configuration of the electronic camera of FIG. 32;

FIG. 35 is a conceptual diagram of another electronic camera to which the optical system of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 36 is a conceptual diagram of an electronic endoscope to which the imaging optical system and the observation optical system of the present invention are applied.

FIG. 37 is a conceptual diagram for describing field curvature caused by an eccentric reflecting surface.

FIG. 38 is a conceptual diagram for describing astigmatism generated by a decentered reflecting surface.

FIG. 39 is a conceptual diagram for explaining coma generated by a decentered reflecting surface.

FIG. 40 is a diagram showing a desirable configuration when an optical system according to the present invention is arranged in front of an image sensor.

FIG. 41 is a diagram for explaining the definition of the power of the decentered optical system and the optical surface.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... On-axis principal ray 2 ... Stop 3 ... Image surface 4 ... Intermediate image surface 10 ... Prism member 11 ... 1st surface 12 ... 2nd surface 13 ... 3rd surface 14 ... 4th surface 15 ... 5th surface 16 ... 6 planes 40 ... Electronic camera 41 ... Shooting optical system 42 ... Shooting optical path 43 ... Finder optical system 44 ... Finder optical path 45 ... Shutter 46 ... Flash 47 ... Liquid crystal display monitor 48 ... Shooting objective optical system 49 ... CCD 50 ... Imaging Surface 51 Filter 52 Processing means 53 Objective optical system for finder 54 Cover lens 55 Porro prism 56 Negative lens surface 57 Field frame 59 Eyepiece optical system 60 Liquid crystal display element (LCD) 61 Recording means 65 ... Cover member 71 ... Electronic endoscope 72 ... Light source device 73 ... Video processor 74 ... Monitor 75 ... VTR deck 76 ... Video disc 77 ... Video Printer 78: Head-mounted image display (HMD) 79: Insertion section 80: Tip section 81: Eyepiece section 82: Observation objective optical system 83: Filter 84: CCD 85: Cover member 86: Liquid crystal display element (LCD) 87: eyepiece optical system 88: light guide fiber bundle 89: illumination objective optical system 91: cover member 92: negative lens 93: positive lens 94: negative lens 100: eyepiece optical system 101: image display element 102: image display device (Display device main body) 103 temporal frame 104 speaker 105 audio / video transmission code 106 reproducing device 107 adjusting unit 108 front frame M concave mirror E observer eyeball S eccentric optical system P eccentric prism C Imaging plane D: Symmetry plane of plane-symmetric free-form surface

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. An optical system disposed between an image plane and a pupil plane, wherein the optical system has a refractive index (n) greater than 1.3 (n>
1.3) a prism member formed of a medium, an intermediate image is formed on an optical path inside the prism member, and the prism member transmits a light beam into and out of the prism member; A reflecting surface for reflecting the light inside the member, wherein the reflecting surface is configured to reflect the light beam four times or more inside the prism member; and at least one of the reflecting surface and at least one of the transmitting surfaces are formed. The prism member, which is formed of the same surface for both transmission and reflection formed on the same surface, and at least one of the reflection surfaces is formed in a curved shape that gives power to a light beam, and includes the curved surface. In order to correct rotationally asymmetric eccentric aberration caused by the above, at least one of the transmitting surface and / or the reflecting surface has a rotationally asymmetric surface shape for correcting eccentric aberration. An optical system characterized by being formed. 2. The optical system according to claim 1, wherein the optical system is arranged behind the pupil plane and is arranged as an objective optical system that forms an object image. 3. An eyepiece optical system for guiding a light beam from an image plane to a pupil via an intermediate image, wherein the optical system has a refractive index (n) greater than 1.3 (n>).
1.3) a prism member formed of a medium, an intermediate image is formed on an optical path inside the prism member, and the prism member transmits a light beam into and out of the prism member; A reflecting surface that reflects the light inside the member, wherein the reflecting surface is configured to reflect the light beam four times or more inside the prism member, and at least one of the reflecting surfaces has a curved surface shape that gives power to the light beam. In order to correct rotationally asymmetric eccentric aberration generated by the prism member including the curved surface, at least one of the transmitting surface and / or the reflecting surface has a rotationally asymmetric surface shape for correcting eccentric aberration. An optical system comprising: an optical system configured to satisfy the following condition. 1.0 <EP × Px <5.0 (3) where a ray connecting the center of the pupil and the center of the image plane is defined as an axial principal ray, and the eccentric direction of all optical systems is in the Y-axis direction. When a plane parallel to the on-axis principal ray is a YZ plane, and a direction orthogonal to the YZ plane is an X direction, the power of the entire system in the X direction is P
x, the distance from the exit surface of the prism member to the pupil is EP.