JP2000087802A - Cogeneration device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve energy efficiency of a cogeneration device which outputs electric power and heat by recovering heat generated in a converter for the generated power, and extracting the recovered heat as a part of thermal output. SOLUTION: When a generator 2 is driven by a gas engine 1, heat exchange is carried out between circulation cooling water (c) of the gas engine 1 and hot water (h) returned from a heat consuming device in a first heat exchanger 3, for heating the returned hot water (h). In addition, heat exchange is carried out between exhaust gas (e) of the gas engine 1 and the hot water (h) fed from the first heat exchanger 3 in a second heat exchanger 4, for further heating the hot water (h). In such a case, a power generation conversion part 5 which adjusts power E of the generator 2 in a desirable output form is provided with a third heat exchanger 6 which heats the hot water (h) fed from the second heat exchanger 4 with heat Q3 generated by an inverter, a rectifier, a cyclon converter as constitutional element of the converter 5. The fed hot water (h) can further be heated.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cogeneration apparatus for outputting electric power and heat.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a cogeneration system provided with a power converter such as a rectifier, an inverter or a cycloconverter for converting generated power into a desired output form, the converter is cooled by a water-cooling method or an air-cooling method. In this case, the performance was maintained, and the heat taken from the converter by the cooling (that is, the heat generated in the converter) was discarded to the outside.

[0003]

However, since the cogeneration system provides heat generated from the power generation in the main part of the system (so-called exhaust heat) for thermal use, it is originally used as a cogeneration system.
Although it is possible to obtain high energy efficiency, in order to obtain heat together with electric power in this way, it is possible to dispose of the heat to the outside even though it is heat generated in the generated power conversion unit that is not the main unit of the device. It is a direct loss,
Energy efficiency (in other words, the overall efficiency of a device that combines power and heat) is limited, and in this regard, there has been room for improvement in recent years, while higher energy savings have been required.

[0004] In view of this situation, the main problems of the present invention are:
Focusing on a generated power conversion unit that merely cools conventionally, the present invention is to further improve the energy efficiency of the cogeneration device by rational improvement.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems [1] In the invention according to claim 1, in a cogeneration apparatus that outputs power and heat, heat generated in a conversion section of generated power is recovered, and the recovered heat is output as heat output. Output as part of.

That is, according to this configuration, the heat generated in the generated power conversion unit, which has been conventionally discarded outside, is output as a part of the heat output of the device together with the heat generated by the power generation in the device main unit. Energy efficiency of the cogeneration system (total efficiency of the system)
Therefore, a cogeneration apparatus having more excellent energy saving can be obtained.

Further, in recent years, the target cooling temperature of the semiconductor constituting the generated power conversion unit has been considerably increased due to technological improvements (for example, MOS type semiconductors having a temperature of about 110 ° C. have been widely used). It is possible to obtain a considerably high-temperature heat as the recovered heat, and by outputting this recovered heat as a part of the heat output, it is possible to enhance the functionality of the cogeneration apparatus in terms of thermal use.

[2] In the invention according to claim 2, claim 1
In the embodiment of the present invention, the same heat output medium is heated by the heat generated in the device main body and the recovered heat from the converter.

In other words, according to this configuration, the heat output medium conventionally heated by the heat generated by the main body of the apparatus is heated by both the heat generated by the main body of the apparatus and the heat recovered from the generated power converter. Therefore, only the heat output can be increased without changing the heat output form, and this is effective when the same heat output form as that of the related art is required.

[3] According to the invention according to claim 3, claim 1
In the embodiment of the present invention, each of the heat output media is heated by the heat generated in the device main body and the recovered heat from the converter.

In other words, according to this configuration, since the heat generated in the device main unit and the recovered heat from the generated power converter are output in parallel, the heat generated in the device main unit and the generated power conversion are output. When the recovered heat from the section is different in temperature from each other, it is possible to obtain heat outputs of two kinds of temperatures, and thereby it is possible to enhance the multifunctionality of the cogeneration apparatus.

[4] In the invention according to claim 4, the same heat output medium is heated by one of the high-temperature heat and the low-temperature heat generated in parallel in the main part of the device and the recovered heat from the conversion part. The heat output medium different from the heat output medium is heated by the other of the high-temperature heat and the low-temperature heat generated in parallel in the device main body.

In other words, according to this configuration, one of the two heat output media conventionally heated separately by the high-temperature heat and the low-temperature heat generated in parallel in the device main body is replaced by one of the two heat output media. Heating is performed using both the generated heat (high-temperature heat or low-temperature heat) and the recovered heat from the generated power conversion unit, so that only the heat output can be increased without changing the form of the heat output at the two temperatures. This is effective when the same form as that of the related art that outputs heat at two temperatures is required.

Further, according to this configuration, it is possible to adopt a mode in which, of the heat outputs at two temperatures, the one with the tendency of insufficient output is assisted by the recovered heat from the generated power converter. The performance of the cogeneration system can be improved.

[0015]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS [First Embodiment] FIG. 1 shows a cogeneration system using a gas engine, 1 is a gas engine, 2 is a generator for generating electric power by generated power P of the gas engine, and 3 is a gas engine. A first heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the circulating cooling water c and the return hot water h from a heat consuming device (not shown) to heat the return hot water h. This is a second heat exchanger that heat-exchanges the hot water h by causing the hot water h delivered from the first heat exchanger 3 to exchange heat.

That is, the gas engine 1 and the generator 2
It constitutes the main part of the cogeneration apparatus that outputs the electric power E and the heats Q ₁ and Q ₂ .

Reference numeral 5 denotes a generated power converter for adjusting the generated power E of the generator 2 to a desired output form (for example, AC / DC conversion, frequency adjustment, voltage adjustment, etc.). by heating (i.e. the sending hot water h of with a heat generated Q _3, such as an inverter or a rectifier or cycloconverter is an element from the second heat exchanger 4, an inverter sending hot water h from the second heat exchanger 4 as a cooling medium The third part for heat recovery of the conversion part that cools the heating elements such as
A heat exchanger 6 is provided as an accessory.

That is, the hot water h as the heat output medium to be sent to the heat consuming device is heated in the first and second heat exchangers 3 and 4 and then heated in the third heat exchanger 6 (for example, 90 to 95).
(Heated to about ° C.) to recover the generated heat Q ₃ in the generated power conversion unit 5, and to collect the recovered heat Q ₃ together with the generated heat Q ₁ and Q ₂ in the gas engine 1 which is the main unit of the device. It is configured to output as a part of heat output.

In the present embodiment, the same heat output medium (circulated hot water h) is used for the heats Q ₁ and Q ₂ generated in the gas engine 1, which is the main unit of the apparatus, and the recovered heat Q ₃ from the generated power converter 5. The heat output form is used to heat the heat.

[Second Embodiment] FIG. 2 shows a two heat output type cogeneration system using a gas engine.
1 is a gas engine, 12 is a generator for generating electric power by generated power P of the gas engine 11, and 13 is a heat exchanger for circulating cooling water c of the gas engine 11 and circulating hot water h for a low-temperature side heat consuming device (not shown). The first heat exchanger 14 for heating the circulating hot water h heats the supply water w from the water supply source by the exhaust gas e of the gas engine 11 and sends the steam to a high-temperature side heat consuming device (not shown). s (for example, 8 kg / cm ³
(A degree of steam).

That is, similarly to the first embodiment, the gas engine 11 and the generator 12 constitute a main unit of a cogeneration apparatus that outputs the electric power E and the heats Q ₁ and Q ₂ .

Reference numeral 15 denotes a generated power converter for adjusting the generated power E of the generator 12 to a desired output form (for example, AC / DC conversion, frequency adjustment, voltage adjustment, etc.). by heating (i.e. the return coolant c from the gas engine 11 with the generated heat Q _3, such as an inverter or a rectifier or cycloconverter its constituent, inverter and rectifier return coolant c from the gas engine 11 as a cooling medium A third heat exchanger 16 for recovering heat from the conversion unit that cools the heat-generating elements such as the above is additionally provided.

That is, when the hot water h as the heat output medium sent to the low-temperature side heat consuming device is heated by the return cooling water c from the gas engine 11, the return cooling water c is further processed by the third heat exchanger 16. By heating, the generated heat Q ₃ in the generated power conversion unit 15 is recovered, and the recovered heat Q ₃ is generated in the gas engine 1, which is the main unit of the device.
_1, together with Q _2, are a configuration for outputting as part of the heat output.

In the present embodiment, the high-temperature heat Q ₂ and the low-temperature heat Q ₁ generated in parallel in the gas engine 11 which is the main unit of the apparatus.
And the recovered heat Q ₃ from the generated power converter 15
Heats the same heat output medium (circulated hot water h), while a heat output medium (supply water w to steam s) different from this heat output medium is supplied to the gas engine 11 which is the main body of the apparatus. It takes the heat output mode for heating by the other of the high temperature heat Q ₂ to which occurs in parallel with the low temperature heat Q _1.

[Third Embodiment] FIG. 3 shows a case where a fuel cell is used.
This shows a cogeneration device, 21 is a device main part and
Fuel cell unit, and this fuel cell unit
In 21, 22 is a reformer, 23 is a fuel cell main body, 2
4 is the low-temperature heat Q generated in the reformer 22 and the fuel cell main body 23
₁The first heat exchanger 25 for taking out
High temperature heat Q _TwoFrom the second heat exchanger.

Reference numeral 26 denotes warm water h between the first heat exchanger 24
The low-temperature heat consuming device 27 that obtains the generated low-temperature heat Q ₁ by the circulation of the fuel cell unit 21 for securing the returned hot water h from the low-temperature heat consuming device 26 to the fuel cell unit 21
A radiator for releasing the retained heat of the returned hot water h to the outside;
Is a high-temperature-side heat consuming device to obtain the generation high temperature thermal Q ₂ by the supply of steam s from the second heat exchanger 25.

Reference numeral 29 denotes a generated power converter for adjusting the generated power E in the fuel cell main body 23 to a desired output form (for example, DC / AC conversion, frequency adjustment, voltage adjustment, etc.). Is the generated heat Q of the inverter, rectifier, cycloconverter, etc.
_The heat recovery unit ₃ heats the hot water h from the first heat exchanger 24 (in other words, uses the hot water h from the first heat exchanger 24 as a cooling medium to cool heating elements such as inverters and rectifiers). A third heat exchanger 30 is additionally provided.

That is, the hot water h as the heat output medium sent from the first heat exchanger 24 to the low-temperature side heat consuming device 26 is further heated by the third heat exchanger 30 so that the generated power is generated by the generated power converter 29. Heat Q ₃ is recovered and the recovered heat Q ₃
Is the heat Q generated in the fuel cell unit 21 which is the main part of the device.
_1, together with Q _2, are a configuration for outputting as part of the heat output.

In this embodiment, one of the high-temperature heat Q ₂ and the low-temperature heat Q ₁ generated in parallel in the fuel cell unit 21, which is the main unit of the device, and the recovered heat Q ₃ from the generated power conversion unit 29. To heat the same heat output medium (circulating hot water h), and a heat output medium (supply water w to steam s) different from this heat output medium is supplied to the fuel cell unit 21 which is the main unit of the apparatus. It takes the heat output mode for heating by the other of the high temperature heat Q ₂ to which occurs in parallel with the low temperature heat Q _1.

[Fourth Embodiment] FIG. 4 shows a cogeneration system using a gas turbine. Reference numeral 31 denotes a turbine system. In the turbine system 31, reference numeral 32 denotes a gas rotated by a combustion gas g generated in a burner 33. The turbine 34 is a compressor that pressurizes and supplies combustion air a to the burner 33.

Numeral 35 denotes a generator for generating electric power by generated power P of the gas turbine 32, and numeral 36 heats steam condensate w returned from a heat consuming device (not shown) by combustion gas g discharged from the gas turbine 32. This is a waste heat boiler that generates steam s to be sent to the heat consuming device.

That is, the turbine device 31, the generator 35,
The exhaust heat boiler 36 constitutes a main unit of the cogeneration apparatus that outputs the electric power E and the heat Qa.

Reference numeral 37 denotes a generated power converter for adjusting the generated power E of the generator 35 to a desired output form (for example, AC / DC conversion, frequency adjustment, voltage adjustment, etc.). The steam condensate w to be sent to the exhaust heat boiler 36 is preheated by using the generated heat Qb of the inverter, rectifier, cycloconverter, or the like as a component thereof (in other words, the heat generating element such as an inverter or rectifier using the steam condensate w as a cooling medium). Exchanger for cooling)
8 is ancillary equipment.

That is, when the steam s as the heat output medium to be sent to the low-temperature side heat consuming device is generated in the exhaust heat boiler 36 using the exhaust combustion gas g from the gas turbine 32, the steam recovery sent to the exhaust heat boiler 36 is performed. Water w into the heat exchanger 38
, The generated heat Qb in the generated power conversion unit 37 is recovered, and the recovered heat Qb is output as a part of the heat output together with the generated heat Qa in the exhaust heat boiler 36 that is the main unit of the apparatus. It has a configuration.

In this embodiment, the same heat output medium (condensed water w to steam s) is generated by the heat Qa generated by the exhaust heat boiler 36 as the main unit of the apparatus and the recovered heat Qb from the generated power converter 37. It adopts the form of heat output for heating.

[Other Embodiments] Next, other embodiments will be listed.

In the above embodiments, the same heat output medium is heated by the heat generated in the main unit of the cogeneration apparatus and the recovered heat from the generated power converter. The same heat output medium is heated by one of the high-temperature heat and the low-temperature heat generated in the apparatus and the recovered heat from the generated power conversion unit. Although the example in which heating is performed using the other generated heat has been described, a configuration in which each heat output medium is heated by the generated heat in the device main body and the recovered heat from the generated power conversion unit may be adopted. .

Various types are used for a specific recovery structure for recovering the heat generated in the generated power converter and a specific output structure for outputting the recovered heat as a part of the heat output. it can.

The output heat may be used for any purpose, such as air conditioning and hot water supply, article heating, and driving heat sources for various heat appliances.

The main unit for generating electric power and heat is not limited to the type using the engine as in the above-described embodiment, the type using the fuel cell, or the type using the gas turbine, but may be any type. The present invention may be applied to various types of cogeneration apparatuses.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an apparatus configuration diagram showing a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is an apparatus configuration diagram showing a second embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a device configuration diagram showing a third embodiment.

FIG. 4 is an apparatus configuration diagram showing a fourth embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

E power Q ₁ , Q ₂ , Qa heat Q ₃ , Qb recovered heat h heat output medium w, s heat output medium 1, 2 main unit 5 generated power converter 11, 12 main unit 15 generated power converter 21 unit Main unit 29 Generated power conversion unit 31, 35, 36 Device main unit 37 Generated power conversion unit

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A cogeneration apparatus for outputting electric power and heat, wherein the cogeneration apparatus is configured to recover heat generated in a conversion section of generated power and output the recovered heat as a part of heat output. . 2. The cogeneration apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the same heat output medium is heated by heat generated in the apparatus main part and heat recovered from the conversion part. 3. The cogeneration apparatus according to claim 1, wherein each of the heat output media is heated by heat generated in the apparatus main body and heat recovered from the conversion section. 4. The same heat output medium is heated by one of the high-temperature heat and the low-temperature heat generated in parallel in the main body of the apparatus and the heat recovered from the conversion section. The cogeneration apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the heat output medium is heated by the other of the high-temperature heat and the low-temperature heat generated in parallel in the apparatus main body.