JP2000009618A - Creep tester - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a creep tester constituted so as to perform a creep test for a material used in a machinery operated in a high temp. dry steam atmosphere by forming a test environment simulating the high temp. dry steam atmosphere. SOLUTION: A creep tester 1 is provided with a hermetically closed chamber 5 having a heater 10 heating the peripheral part of the test piece 2 of a machinery operated in a high temp. dry steam atmosphere performing a test provided to the outer periphery thereto and provided with inlet and outlet parts of dry steam bringing the peripheral part to the dry steam atmosphere and the water cooling jackets 8 respectively connected to both ends of the hermetically closed chamber 5 to hold a rod 3 moving corresponding to the plastic deformation of the test piece 2 in a freely slidable manner and having an O-ring preventing the outflow of dry steam from the slide surface provided to the axial center part thereof and the heated O-ring 7 and the nut 3 from the hermetically closed chamber 5.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a test made of a material used for equipment operating at high temperature and in a dry steam atmosphere, such as a gas turbine blade which is cooled by steam flowing inside. A creep test is performed on the piece in a test environment that simulates the atmosphere in which the equipment actually operates, so that the plastic deformation (creep amount) of the equipment operating in a high-temperature, dry steam atmosphere can be accurately verified. About the machine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a test piece formed of a material used for a device or the like operating in a high-temperature atmosphere is used as a test environment simulating a high-temperature atmosphere in which the device or the like operates. The creep test, which tests the plastic deformation of the test piece by applying a load equivalent to the load applied to the test piece, is performed by directly heating the periphery of the test piece with an electric furnace to create a high-temperature atmosphere in which equipment and other components operate. The test environment was set to the high-temperature atmosphere of the test, and the creep tester used for the test was equipped with an electric furnace that directly heated the periphery of the test piece to create a high-temperature test environment. It was only meant to be used and no special equipment or equipment.

[0003] In recent years, in creep tests, in order to operate in a high-temperature combustion gas, such as a gas turbine blade, and to reduce the high-temperature strength, cooling steam is flowed inside, and cooling is performed from the inside to reduce the temperature rise. In order to accurately verify the plastic deformation of the test piece formed from the material of the equipment that was operated in a dry steam atmosphere in addition to the high temperature, simulate the high-temperature, dry steam atmosphere in which the equipment operates A creep test in a test environment is becoming necessary. That is, in the creep test using such a material as a test piece, in the test using the above-described conventional creep test machine, the test environment is not accurately simulated the atmosphere in which the device is used, and is obtained. Atmospheres in which equipment is used because data reliability is becoming problematic, such as data not being able to accurately verify plastic deformation of equipment operating in high-temperature, dry steam. There is a need for a creep test machine capable of performing tests in a test environment that accurately simulates the following.

[0004] However, in order to perform a creep test in a test environment that accurately simulates the atmosphere in which such equipment operates, in addition to setting the test environment to a high-temperature atmosphere,
In order to obtain a dry steam atmosphere, in addition to the above-described installation of the electric furnace of the conventional creep tester, a steam generator for surrounding the test piece in a dry steam atmosphere and a closed chamber are required.

Further, in order to maintain the periphery of the test piece in a test environment of a predetermined dry steam atmosphere, a rod for applying a constant load to the test piece needs to be protruded to the outside. The sealing device for sealing the sliding part of the rod and the sealing device with low heat resistance are protected from high temperature to maintain the sealing performance, and similarly, the rod whose strength decreases at high temperature is protected from high temperature to increase the strength. In order to maintain, it needs a cooling device that performs these cooling,
There is a problem that the creep testing machine becomes complicated and large.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has the disadvantages of increasing the size and complexity as described above,
The creep tester, which can accurately verify the plastic deformation of equipment operating in dry steam, has a structure similar to that of a conventional creep tester, and does not complicate the structure or increase the size of the gas. Highly reliable creep test data for creep tests on test specimens of equipment that operates in high-temperature, dry steam atmosphere, such as turbine blades, can be performed in a test environment closer to the high-temperature, dry steam atmosphere in which the equipment operates. It is an object of the present invention to provide a creep test machine capable of obtaining a creep test.

[0007]

Accordingly, the creep tester of the present invention has the following means.

(1) A creep with both ends attached to a rod, which is made of a material of a device which operates in a high-temperature, dry steam atmosphere and which can apply a constant load equivalent to a load applied to the device during operation. A heater for heating the periphery of the test piece to form a test environment of a high-temperature atmosphere, which is to be tested, is installed on the outer periphery, and a dry steam atmosphere test is performed around the test piece for the creep test. An inlet portion and an outlet portion for introducing and discharging the dry steam for forming the environment were opened, and a cylindrical closed chamber having a space in which a test piece could be placed was provided.

(2) A rod, which is connected to both ends of the closed chamber and penetrates the shaft center portion and has both ends attached thereto, slidably holds a rod moving along the shaft center portion in accordance with plastic deformation of the test piece having both ends attached thereto. In addition, O-rings for preventing the dry steam introduced into the closed chamber from flowing out of the sliding surface of the rod are respectively installed at the shaft centers, and the O-rings are heated from the closed chamber which is set to a high temperature atmosphere. In order to protect the rod from high temperatures and prevent the outflow of dry steam from the sliding surface, and to maintain the strength of the rod, whose strength may be reduced by heating from the closed chamber, flow cooling water inside. , O-rings and rods were provided with a water-cooled jacket to allow cooling.

The water-cooled jacket has an inlet and an outlet which are opened to a closed chamber for introducing and discharging dry steam for forming a test environment of a dry steam atmosphere around the test piece. It is preferable to provide a dry steam passage which communicates with the above, so that dry steam generated outside can be introduced into the closed chamber and discharged.

As a result, the creep testing machine of the present invention does not have a complicated structure and does not become large in size as compared with the conventional creep testing machine. The creep test of the test piece of the equipment operating in the environment can be performed in a test environment that simulates the high temperature, dry steam atmosphere in which the equipment operates, and the highly reliable creep test data can be obtained. The equipment operating in it can be made more reliable.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a creep tester according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an entire creep test apparatus provided with a creep test machine as a first embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in the figure, a creep test apparatus provided with a creep test machine 1 according to the present embodiment constitutes a device such as a gas turbine blade which is operated in a high-temperature, dry steam atmosphere. A creep test of a test piece formed from a material is performed in a test environment that simulates a high-temperature, dry-steam atmosphere in which equipment operates, a creep test machine 1 that performs a test, and steam that generates dry steam 26 to be supplied to the creep test machine 1 After setting the generator 20 and the creep tester 1 to a test environment simulating a dry steam atmosphere, the dry steam 26 discharged from the creep tester 1 is condensed to form a stable test environment in the creep tester 1. And a condenser 30.

The steam generator 20 includes a water tank 21 containing pure water 22 for generating dry steam 26, and a water tank 2
A constant flow pump 23 for sending pure water 22 from 1 and a steam generating electric furnace 24 for heating the pure water 22 sent from the constant flow pump 23 to dry steam 26. The dry steam 26 generated by the steam generator 20 is introduced into the creep test machine 1 through the steam supply pipe 25.

The creep tester 1 accommodates a test piece 2 having both ends connected by a lock nut 4 at an end of a rod 3 capable of applying a constant tensile load 15, and creeps the test piece 2. A closed chamber 5 having a cylindrical shape in which a space for performing a test is formed, and a test environment of a high temperature, dry steam atmosphere around the test piece 2, and packing at both ends of the closed chamber 5. 13, the dry steam 26 supplied through the steam supply pipe 25 is introduced into the closed chamber 5, and the dry steam 26 in the closed chamber 5 is exhausted. The water cooling jacket 8 has a supply passage 6a for the dry steam 26 and a discharge passage 6b for forming a test environment of a steam atmosphere.

Furthermore, the axial center of the water-cooled jacket 8 through which the rod 3 penetrates, freely holds and holds the movement of the rod 3 to which a constant tensile load is applied due to the plastic deformation of the test piece 2. A through hole 9 is provided concentrically with the axis of the closed chamber 5 into which an O-ring 7 for preventing the outflow of dry steam from the closed chamber 5 is inserted.

An electric furnace 10 as a heater is installed on the outer periphery of the closed chamber 5, and the periphery of the test piece 2 arranged in the closed chamber 5 is operated by a device manufactured using the test piece 2 as a material. Heating to a test environment of a high temperature atmosphere at a constant temperature. At the lower end of the closed chamber 5, an inlet portion 11 communicating with the supply passage 6a of the dry steam 26 of the water cooling jacket 8 is provided, and at the upper end of the closed chamber 5, a discharge passage 6b of the dry steam 26 of the water cooling jacket 8 is provided. An outlet portion 12 is provided which communicates with the outlet portion.

As described above, the water-cooled jacket 8 has
The movement of the rod 3 penetrating the through hole 9 due to the plastic deformation of the test piece 2 connected to the through hole 9 and the rod 3 which is inserted into the through hole 9 and is subjected to a constant tensile load 15 during the creep test. An O-ring 7 for holding freely and preventing the outflow of dry steam 26 from the inside of the closed chamber 5 is provided. At the time of heating by the electric furnace 10, the temperature of the rod 3 and the O-ring 7 is prevented from rising. The cooling water 14 for cooling is introduced from the outside and cooled, and a jacket that is discharged after cooling is provided inside.

After the inside of the closed jacket 5 is set to a test environment that simulates a high-temperature, dry atmosphere in which a device using the test piece 2 as a material operates, dry steam 26 discharged from the closed chamber 5 is subjected to drying. Exit part 1 provided at the upper end of
2 through the discharge passage 6 b in the water cooling jacket 8, and is discharged from the steam discharge pipe 31 to the condenser 30. Condenser 30
Is cooled by cooling water 32 supplied to a condenser 30, condensed, and discharged to a wastewater tank 33.

The creep test apparatus provided with the creep test machine 1 of the present embodiment is configured as described above, so that the dry steam 2 generated by the steam generator 20 is used.
6 is a steam supply pipe 25, a supply passage 6 for the water cooling jacket 8.
a. The test chamber 2 is supplied into the closed chamber 5 through the inlet portion 11 provided at the lower end of the closed chamber 5, and forms a dry steam atmosphere test environment around the test piece 2 set in the closed chamber 5. On the other hand, the peripheral part of the test piece 2 is heated by the electric furnace 10 provided on the outer periphery of the closed chamber 5, and the peripheral part of the test piece 2 simulates a high-temperature atmosphere in which a device using the test piece 2 as a material operates. A test environment is formed.

As described above, the test piece 2 in which a test environment simulating a high-temperature, dry-steam atmosphere in which equipment operates is formed in the periphery by the dry steam 26 supplied from the steam generator 20 and the heating of the electric furnace 10. Since the creep test is performed by connecting both ends of the rod 3 with the lock nut 4 capable of applying a constant tensile load 15 to the rod 3, a reliable creep test data can be obtained. The devices that operate on can be made more reliable. Further, since such a test environment is formed and held by the closed chamber 5 and the water cooling jacket 8, the structure is not complicated and the size is not increased as compared with the conventional creep test machine. The creep test machine 1 can be used.

Further, the dry steam 26, which forms a test environment of a dry steam atmosphere in the closed chamber 5, is subjected to a creep deformation of the test piece 2 so that the rod 3 applied with a constant tensile load 15 is connected to the water cooling jacket 8 by the water cooling jacket 8. Through hole 9
O may be moved inside the through hole 9
-The ring 7 prevents the outflow to the outside and reduces the sliding resistance between the rod 3 and the O-ring 7, so that the influence of the O-ring 7 on the creep deformation of the test piece 2 is reduced. Can be eliminated. The O-ring 7 and the rod 3 are heated by the high-temperature atmosphere formed in the closed chamber 5 because the O-ring 7 and the rod 3 are cooled by the cooling water 14 that passes through the jacket provided in the water-cooled jacket 8. Loss of functions of the ring 7 and the rod 3 can be prevented.

The dry steam 26 which has formed a test environment of a dry steam atmosphere in the closed chamber 5 is supplied to the closed chamber 5.
After being discharged from the inside, the cooling water 32
The condensed water is discharged to the wastewater tank 33 after being cooled by a vacuum, so that a negative pressure due to the vacuum that needs to be generated when the dry steam 26 is condensed by the condenser 30 is generated at the outlet of the closed chamber 5. Then, the dry steam 26 is spontaneously discharged from the closed chamber 5, and the test environment of the dry steam atmosphere formed around the test piece 2 in the closed chamber 5 uses the test piece 2 as a material. A test environment that simulates a dry steam atmosphere in which a device that operates is accurately and constantly formed, and the processing of the dry steam 26 is facilitated.

[0024]

As described above, the creep tester according to the present invention is a rod made of a material for equipment that operates in a high-temperature, dry steam atmosphere, and configured to apply a constant load to the equipment. A creep test is performed with both ends attached. A heater that heats the periphery of the test piece to create a high-temperature atmosphere is installed on the outer periphery, and a dry steam atmosphere test is performed around the test piece to perform the creep test. A closed chamber provided with an inlet and an outlet for introducing and discharging dry steam for creating an environment, connected to both ends of the closed chamber, penetrating the shaft center, and causing plastic deformation of the test specimen. Accordingly, an O-ring is provided on each of the shaft portions to slidably hold the rod moving along the shaft portion and to prevent dry steam introduced into the closed chamber from flowing out from the sliding surface of the rod. A water-cooling jacket is provided that protects the O-ring and rod heated from the high-temperature atmosphere closed chamber from high temperatures, and allows cooling water to flow inside to keep dry steam from flowing out of the sliding surface, thereby enabling cooling. It was taken.

Thus, the structure of the test piece of a device operating in a high-temperature, dry atmosphere, such as a gas turbine blade, is not complicated and the size is not increased as compared with the conventional creep tester. The creep test can be performed in a test environment that accurately simulates the high-temperature, dry steam atmosphere in which the equipment operates, and the equipment that operates in a high-temperature, dry steam atmosphere can acquire reliable creep test data. It can be more reliable.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an entire creep test apparatus provided with a creep test machine as a first embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Creep testing machine 2 Test piece 3 Rod 4 Lock nut 5 Sealed chamber 6a Supply passage 6b Discharge passage 7 O-ring 8 Water cooling jacket 9 Through hole 10 Electric furnace 11 Inlet part 12 Outlet part 13 Packing 14 Cooling water 15 Tensile load 20 Steam Generator 21 Water tank 22 Pure water 23 Constant flow pump 24 Electric furnace for steam generation 25 Steam supply pipe 26 Dry steam 30 Condenser 31 Steam discharge pipe 32 Cooling water 33 Waste water tank

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A creep tester for applying a constant load to a test piece made of a material constituting a device operating in a high-temperature, dry steam atmosphere and testing plastic deformation generated in the test piece, A test is performed by attaching both ends to a rod for applying a load, and a heater for heating a peripheral portion of the test piece is installed on an outer periphery, and an inlet portion and an outlet portion for introducing and discharging dry steam to the peripheral portion. A cylindrical closed chamber having an opening formed therein, and O- which is connected to both ends of the closed chamber and slidably holds the rod which moves in accordance with the plastic deformation of the test piece penetrating through an axis. A creep test machine comprising a water-cooled jacket provided with a ring.