ITVI960112A1 - Stelo femorale per protesi d'anca non cementato. - Google Patents
Stelo femorale per protesi d'anca non cementato. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ITVI960112A1 ITVI960112A1 IT96VI000112A ITVI960112A ITVI960112A1 IT VI960112 A1 ITVI960112 A1 IT VI960112A1 IT 96VI000112 A IT96VI000112 A IT 96VI000112A IT VI960112 A ITVI960112 A IT VI960112A IT VI960112 A1 ITVI960112 A1 IT VI960112A1
- Authority
- IT
- Italy
- Prior art keywords
- central body
- longitudinal
- femoral stem
- profile
- bone
- Prior art date
Links
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000000689 upper leg Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 10
- 210000000501 femur body Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008468 bone growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010883 osseointegration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002642 osteogeneic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001936 parietal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007170 pathology Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001256 stainless steel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61F2250/00—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2250/0014—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof having different values of a given property or geometrical feature, e.g. mechanical property or material property, at different locations within the same prosthesis
- A61F2250/0026—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof having different values of a given property or geometrical feature, e.g. mechanical property or material property, at different locations within the same prosthesis differing in surface structures
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2250/00—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2250/0014—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof having different values of a given property or geometrical feature, e.g. mechanical property or material property, at different locations within the same prosthesis
- A61F2250/0037—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof having different values of a given property or geometrical feature, e.g. mechanical property or material property, at different locations within the same prosthesis differing in height or in length
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Transplantation (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Description
Descrizione del brevetto per invenzione industriale avent titolo "STELO FEMORALE PER PROTESI D’ANCA NON CEMENTATO".
DESCRIZIONE
L’invenzione concerne uno stelo femorale per protesi d’anca non cementato.
Come e’ noto, negli interventi di sostituzione della testa del femore in persone affette da gravi patologie all’anca, vengono impiegati appositi steli femorali costituiti da elementi metallici realizzati in acciaio inossidabile e leghe di titanio, i quali vengono inseriti nel corpo rettilineo dell’osso femore. Tali steli inoltre sono provvisti di un corpo laterale sul quale viene applicato un elemento sferico che va in accoppiamento all’interno di una calotta disposta nell’anca. Il corpo centrale dello stelo che viene inserito nel corpo rettilineo del femore, e’ provvisto di una pluralità’ di alettature che lo percorrono longitudinalmente le quali svolgono una doppia funzione e precisamente:
- nella fase iniziale dellimpianto svolgono la funzione di ancoraggio provvisorio in grado di evitare cedimenti a breve termine per mezzo del fissaggio meccanico immediato dovuto al contatto stretto e rigido tra l’osso e l'elemento inserito;
- nella fase successiva dell’impianto realizzano una tenuta secondaria o di osseo-integrazione definitiva con fissaggio biologico progressivo dovuto all'incorporo dell’inserto nell’osso per un processo osteogenetico di aggrappamento superficiale che previene la possibilità’ di eventuali scollamenti nel tempo.
Gli steli femorali del tipo noto che hanno oramai soppiantato le protesi cementate, presentano pero’ alcuni inconvenienti. Un primo inconveniente e’ costituito dal fatto che le aletature longitudinali presenti sul corpo principale non lo percorrono secondo tutta la sua lunghezza ma restano confinate generalmente nella parte medio-alta. Questo comporta sforzi non omogeneamente distribuiti su tutta la superficie della protesi ed un minor controllo dell’accoppiamento dovuto appunto al fatto che in alcune zone non c’e’ contatto tra protesi ed osso.
Un ulteriore inconveniente e’ costituito dal fatto che le alettature longitudinali presenti sul corpo principale sono raccordate tra loro ed al corpo principale stesso mediante profili concavi formati da segmenti tra loro consecutivi che realizzano linee spezzate. Tali profili non garantiscono una crescita uniforme dell'osso poiché’ gli sforzi che si generano in corrispondenza degli spigoli non sono uniformemente distribuiti e quindi non viene garantita la continuità’ della crescita ossea che, come e’ noto, viene stimolata solo se esiste il continuo contatto tra osso e protesi.
La presente invenzione intende superare tali inconvenienti. In particolare e’ uno degli scopi dell'invenzione di realizzare uno stelo femorale per protesi d'anca non cementato che rispetto a steli femorali equivalenti di tipo noto realizzi una maggiore aderenza osso-metallo.
E’ ulteriore scopo che l’aderenza osso-metallo che detto stelo femorale realizza sia costante nel tempo.
E’ non ultimo scopo che detta aderenza osso-metallo che lo stelo femorale dell’invenzione realizza sia omogenea.
Gli scopi detti sono raggiunti con la realizzazione di uno stelo femorale per protesi d’anca che in accordo con la rivendicazione principale comprende:
- un corpo centrale a sviluppo prevalentemente longitudinale e con profilo longitudinale sostanzialmente conico, atto ad essere inserito assialmente in un’escavazione realizzata nel corpo rettilineo dell’osso femore;
- un corpo laterale realizzato in corpo unico con detto corpo centrale e disposto lateralmente rispetto ad almeno un piano di simmetria longitudinale di detto corpo centrale in corrispondenza della sua zona a maggior sezione trasversale, -- un’appendice realizzata all'estremità’ dì detto corpo laterale, atta a ricevere un elemento sferico che si accoppia in una calotta disposta nell’anca ed avente profilo interno coniugato a detto elemento sferico, ed e’ caratterizzato dal fatto che detto corpo centrale e’ provvisto di una pluralità’ di alettature longitudinali disposte esternamente sostanzialmente lungo tutta la sua lunghezza, dette alettature essendo raccordate alla base per il tramite di superfici curve a profilo trasversale concavo cosi’ da definire, esternamente a detto corpo principale, una pluralità’ di scanalature longitudinali a fondo concavo-curvo convergenti verso l’estremità’ del corpo centrale stesso situata dalla parte opposta di detto corpo laterale.
Gli scopi detti verranno meglio evidenziati durante la descrizione di una preferita forma di esecuzione dell’invenzione data a titolo indicativo ma non limitativo e rappresentata nelle allegate tavole di disegno ove:
- in fig. 1 e’ rappresentato lo stelo femorale dell'invenzione in vista laterale;
- in fig. 2 e' rappresentato lo stelo femorale di fig. 1 in vista frontale;
- nelle <">igg. 3, 4, 5 e 6 sono rappresentate tre sezioni trasversali del corpo centrale dello stelo femorale dell'invenzione, realizzate in tre posizioni differenti ortogonalmente all ’asse longitudinale del corpo centrale stesso;
- in fig. 7 e’ rappresentato secondo la sezione di fig. 3 il corpo centrale dello stelo femorale inserito nell’osso femore.
Come si osserva nelle figg. 1 e 2, lo stelo femorale dell’invenzione, complessivamente indicato con 1 , comprende:
un corpo centrale 2 a sviluppo prevalentemente longitudinale e con profilo longitudinale sostanzialmente conico, alto ad essere inserito nel corpo rettilineo dell’osso femore 8 visibile in fig. 6;
- un corpo laterale 3 realizzato in corpo unico con detto corpo centrale 2, disposto lateralmente rispetto ad almeno un piano di simmetria longitudinale 4 di detto corpo centrale 2 ed in corrispondenza della sua zona a maggior sezione trasversale;
- un’appendice 5 realizzata all’estremità’ di detto corpo laterale 3, atta a ricevere un elemento sferico, non rappresentato, che si accoppia in una calotta, non rappresentata, disposta nell'anca ed avente un profilo interno coniugato a detto elemento sferico.
Si osserva che detto corpo centrale 2 e’ provvisto di una pluralità’ di alettature longitudinali 6 ciascuna delle quali, come si osserva nelle sezioni trasversali del corpo centrale 2 rappresentate nelle figg. 3, 4, 5 e 6 ed e realizzate secondo i piani trasversali di sezione rispettivamente 30, 40, 50 e 60, presenta un profilo sostanzialmente triangolare 61 con il vertice 64 a spigolo vivo per favorire la penetrazione nell’osso e l’aderenza.
Inoltre dette alettature longitudinali 6, come si osserva, sono ripartite in numero uguale su entrambi i lati del piano di simmetria longitudinale 4.
Su ciascuno di detti piani trasversali di sezione 30, 40, 50 e 60, detti profili sostanzialmente triangolari 61 sono raccordati alla base per il tramite di una superficie curva 62 a profilo trasversale concavo, cosi’ da definire, esternamente a detto corpo principale 2, una pluralità’ di scanalature longitudinali 63 convergenti verso l’estremità’ 21 del corpo centrale 2 situata dalla parte opposta di detto corpo laterale 3.
Inoltre, dette scanalature longitudinali 63 e dette alettature longitudinali 6 percorrono il corpo centrale 2 dello stelo femorale 1 sostanzialmente per tutta la sua lunghezza come si osserva in fig. 1 .
Lo stelo femorale dell'invenzione realizza una maggiore aderenza osso-metallo rispetto a steli femorali equivalenti non cementati, poiché’ la massima aderenza osso-metallo dipende da due fattori e precisamente:
- dalla somiglianza del corpo centrale 2 dello stelo femorale al naturale invaso endomidollare che e’ costituito da un vuoto tronco-conico piramidale a base trapezoidale nell’epifesi e che corrisponde . sostanzialmente alla sezione rappresentata in fig. 3 ed in fig. 7; ad un vuoto troncoconico a base ellittica nella metafisi che corrisponde alla sezione rappresentata in fig. 4 e ad un tronco-conico a base circolare nella diafisi come si osserva nella sezione rappresentata in fig. 6;
- dalla rifinitura del naturale invaso endomidollare per mezzo di un’escavazione 7 visibile in fig. 7, la quale riproduce in negativo la forma della sezione trasversale del corpo centrale 2 dello stelo femorale in qualsiasi sezione secondo la direzione longitudinale.
Il corpo centrale 2 quindi realizza la massima aderenza osso-metallo in quanto, come già’ detto e come si osserva nelle figure, e’ costituito da un fittone conico a sezione trasversale variabile da trapezoidale con trasformazione in ellittica intermedia e terminale rotonda.
Per quanto concerne la costante aderenza osso-metallo nel tempo, essa deriva dalla possibilità’ di incastramento del corpo centrale 2 nell'invaso scheletrico in relazione al carico ed in presenza di sollecitazioni meccaniche. La conicità' del corpo centrale guida l’assestamento dello stelo nell'osso generando uno stretto grippaggio endomidollare immediatamente dopo l'impianto ed ogni qual volta, per variazione biologica della parete, si tendono a produrre lascature. In tal modo si determina un mantenimento automatico e permanente del contatto osso-metallo alla sola condizione che l'impianto venga funzionalmente stimolato. Un'ottimale omogenea aderenza osso-metallo inoltre si ottiene dalla ripartizione globalmente distribuita della pressione dell’interfaccia osso-metallo derivante dalla presenza delle aletature longitudinali 6 il cui profilo trasversale sostanzialmente triangolare 61 ed a spigolo vivo 64 si incastra nel’osso 8 come si osserva in fig. 7.
Tali aletature 6 sono un espediente di pre-contatto variabile in grado di sottrarsi a pressioni eccessive tramite un loro affondamento nellosso 8 in grado di riportare maggiore aderenza alle zone arretrate. Questo crea un meccanismo di regolazione delle forze superficiali che favorisce un’omogenea stimolazione per la crescita dell’osso, favorita dall’andamento continuo delle superfici curve 62 a profilo trasversale concavo che, come si osserva nelle sezioni trasversali, raccorda alla base le alettature longitudinali 6 definendo, secondo la direzione longitudinale del corpo centrale: 2, una pluralità' di scanalature longitudinali 63.
Inoltre la decrescenza dell’altezza delle sporgenze triangolari 61 delle alettature longitudinali 6 a partire dalla sezione trasversale 30 a maggior sezione fino al fondo 21 del corpo centrale 2 passando attraverso le sezioni trasversali 40 e 50, corrisponde ad una maggiore penetrabilità’ dell’osso prossimale rispetto al distale, cosi’ da affondarvi ed aderirvi nel modo piu’ omogeneo. In altre parole il sistema delle alettature periferiche e' un ammortizzatore che consente, sotto carico, l’avvicinamento dinamico della protesi all’osso assorbendo gli impatti con effetti di affondamento parietale nei punti di maggior concentrazione e guadagnando nuovi contatti nei punti sgravati dallo sforzo: si ha cosi’ la ripartizione anatomica della pressione superficiale e la ripresa spontanea di una portata omogenea.
Quanto detto e’ dovuto al fatto che dette alettature longitudinali percorrono il corpo centrale in tutta la sua lunghezza e che esse, su qualsiasi piano trasversale, sono raccordate alla base da superfici curve 62 a profilo concavo. Questo comporta il raggiungimento di tutti gli scopi prefissati.
E’ evidente che lo stelo femorale dell’invenzione potrà’ essere realizzato in qualsiasi dei materiali prescritti dalle norme eppure in altri eventuali materiali che si dovessero rendere adatti o utili al caso.
Inoltre I numero di alettature longitudinali potrà’ essere qualsivoglia a seconda delle differenti utilizzazioni ed impieghi.
Ulteriori varianti esecutive saranno comunque tutte da ritenersi protette dalla presente invenzione.
Claims (4)
- RIVENDICAZIONI 1 ) Stelo femorale (1 ) per protesi d’anca comprendente: un corpo centrale (2) a sviluppo prevalentemente longitudinale e con profilo longitudinale sostanzialmente conico, atto ad essere inserito assialmente in un’escavazione (7) realizzata nel corpo rettilineo dell’osso femore (8); - un corpo laterale (3) realizzato in corpo unico con detto corpo centrale (2) e disposto lateralmente rispetto ad almeno un piano di simmetria longitudinale (4) di detto corpo centrale (2) ed in corrispondenza della sua zona (30) a maggior sezione trasversale; - un’appendice (5) realizzata all’estremità’ di detto corpo laterale (3), atta a ricevere un elemento sferico che si accoppia in una calotta disposta nell’anca ed avente profilo interno coniugato a detto elemento sferico, caratterizzato dal fatto che detto corpo centrale (2) e’ provvisto di una pluralità’ di aletature longitudinali (6) disposte esternamente sostanzialmente lungo tutta la sua lunghezza, dette alettature (6) essendo raccordate alla base per il tramite di superfici curve (61 , 62) a profilo trasversale concavo cosi’ da definire, esternamente a detto corpo centrale (2), una pluralità’ di scanalature longitudinali (63) a fondo concavo-curvo, convergenti verso l’estremità’ (21 ) del corpo centrale (2) stesso situata dalla parte opposta di detto corpo laterale (3).
- 2) Stelo femorale (1 ) secondo la rivendicazione 1 ) caratterizzato dal fatto che detto corpo centrale (2) presenta almeno un piano di simmetria longitudinale (4) atto a dividere ciascuna delle sezioni trasversali (30, 40, 50, 60) di detto corpo centrale (2) in due parti simmetriche tra loro ciascuna delle quali presenta un ugual numero di aletature longitudinali (6).
- 3) Stelo femorale (1 ) secondo una qualsiasi delle rivendicazioni 1 ) oppure 2) caratterizzato dal fatto che ciascuna di dette alettature longitudinali (6) presenta in sezione trasversale un profilo triangolare (61 ) il cui vertice (64) e’ atto ad inserirsi in detto osso femore (8).
- 4) Stelo femorale (1 ) secondo la rivendicazione 2) caratterizzato dal fatto che detto vertice (64) di detto profilo triangolare (61 ) e’ a spigolo vivo.
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IT96VI000112A IT1287314B1 (it) | 1996-07-08 | 1996-07-08 | Stelo femorale per protesi d'anca non cementato. |
ES97111443T ES2167647T3 (es) | 1996-07-08 | 1997-07-07 | Clavo femoral no cementado para protesis de cadera. |
AT97111443T ATE209881T1 (de) | 1996-07-08 | 1997-07-07 | Zementfreier femurschaft für hüftprothese |
DE69708780T DE69708780T2 (de) | 1996-07-08 | 1997-07-07 | Zementfreier Femurschaft für Hüftprothese |
EP97111443A EP0821923B1 (en) | 1996-07-08 | 1997-07-07 | A not cemented femoral stem for a hip prosthesis |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IT96VI000112A IT1287314B1 (it) | 1996-07-08 | 1996-07-08 | Stelo femorale per protesi d'anca non cementato. |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
ITVI960112A1 true ITVI960112A1 (it) | 1998-01-08 |
IT1287314B1 IT1287314B1 (it) | 1998-08-04 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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IT96VI000112A IT1287314B1 (it) | 1996-07-08 | 1996-07-08 | Stelo femorale per protesi d'anca non cementato. |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0821923B1 (it) |
AT (1) | ATE209881T1 (it) |
DE (1) | DE69708780T2 (it) |
ES (1) | ES2167647T3 (it) |
IT (1) | IT1287314B1 (it) |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19916630A1 (de) | 1999-04-13 | 2000-11-30 | Plus Endoprothetik Ag Rotkreuz | Profilschaft für die Verankerung einer Hüftgelenkprothese im Femur |
DE19928791A1 (de) | 1999-04-13 | 2000-11-02 | Plus Endoprothetik Ag Rotkreuz | Blattartiger Schaft einer Hüftgelenkprothese für die Verankerung im Femur |
SK284754B6 (sk) * | 1999-05-13 | 2005-11-03 | Marcel �It�Ansk� | Necementovaná totálna náhrada ľudského bedrového zhybu |
ATE268148T1 (de) | 1999-09-27 | 2004-06-15 | Biomet Merck Gmbh | Femurkomponente für eine hüftendoprothese |
US7494510B2 (en) | 2000-04-13 | 2009-02-24 | Smith And Nephew Orthopaedics Ag | Leaflike shaft of a hip-joint prosthesis for anchoring in the femur |
EP1399098A1 (de) * | 2001-06-13 | 2004-03-24 | Bomet Merck GmbH | Hüft-endoprothese |
EP1438933B1 (de) | 2003-01-17 | 2005-04-06 | WALDEMAR LINK GmbH & Co. KG | Hüftprothese mit einem in den Markkanal des Oberschenkelknochens zu verankernden Schaft |
EP1438932A1 (de) | 2003-01-17 | 2004-07-21 | WALDEMAR LINK GmbH & Co. KG | Hüftprothese mit einem in den Oberschenkelknochen einzusetzenden Schaft |
FR2851155B1 (fr) * | 2003-02-17 | 2005-11-11 | Groupe Lepine | Implant cotyloidien de prothese de hanche |
FR2868689B1 (fr) * | 2004-04-09 | 2007-02-16 | Ct Pulse France Sa Sa | Tige femorale pour prothese de hanche |
US8834483B2 (en) | 2010-10-04 | 2014-09-16 | Biomedical Enterprises, Inc. | Method and system for storing and inserting an implant |
US9522022B2 (en) | 2013-11-18 | 2016-12-20 | Biomedical Enterprises, Inc. | Method and appparatus for an intramedullary implant and method of implantation therefor |
US9636155B2 (en) | 2013-11-18 | 2017-05-02 | Biomedical Enterprises, Inc. | Method and apparatus for an intramudullary implant and method of implantation thereof |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0145939A3 (de) * | 1983-11-30 | 1985-07-24 | Protek AG | Zementfrei zu implantierender, blattartiger Schaft für eine Hüftgelenkprothese |
DE8408893U1 (de) * | 1984-03-23 | 1985-06-05 | orthoplant Endoprothetik GmbH, 2800 Bremen | Totalendoprothese für ein Hüftgelenk |
CH668549A5 (de) * | 1985-11-14 | 1989-01-13 | Sulzer Ag | Geradschaft fuer eine femurkopfprothese. |
FR2637494B1 (fr) * | 1988-10-06 | 1992-12-11 | Legre Gerard | Element femoral d'une endoprothese de hanche |
-
1996
- 1996-07-08 IT IT96VI000112A patent/IT1287314B1/it active IP Right Grant
-
1997
- 1997-07-07 EP EP97111443A patent/EP0821923B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-07-07 AT AT97111443T patent/ATE209881T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-07-07 ES ES97111443T patent/ES2167647T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-07-07 DE DE69708780T patent/DE69708780T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69708780T2 (de) | 2002-08-08 |
EP0821923A1 (en) | 1998-02-04 |
ATE209881T1 (de) | 2001-12-15 |
ES2167647T3 (es) | 2002-05-16 |
IT1287314B1 (it) | 1998-08-04 |
EP0821923B1 (en) | 2001-12-05 |
DE69708780D1 (de) | 2002-01-17 |
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