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ITVE20100056A1 - SAFETY SAFETY INSTRUMENT FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC PANELS; WITH COMMAND OF ACTIVATION AND EMISSION OF ENERGY, INDICATE SIGNALLY THE VOLTAGE ENTRY AND ANOMALY, SEND DISTANCE SIGNALS AND REQUEST AND MEASUREMENT VALUES - Google Patents

SAFETY SAFETY INSTRUMENT FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC PANELS; WITH COMMAND OF ACTIVATION AND EMISSION OF ENERGY, INDICATE SIGNALLY THE VOLTAGE ENTRY AND ANOMALY, SEND DISTANCE SIGNALS AND REQUEST AND MEASUREMENT VALUES Download PDF

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Publication number
ITVE20100056A1
ITVE20100056A1 IT000056A ITVE20100056A ITVE20100056A1 IT VE20100056 A1 ITVE20100056 A1 IT VE20100056A1 IT 000056 A IT000056 A IT 000056A IT VE20100056 A ITVE20100056 A IT VE20100056A IT VE20100056 A1 ITVE20100056 A1 IT VE20100056A1
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IT
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terminal
positive
input
coil
terminals
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IT000056A
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Italian (it)
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Claudio Berti
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Claudio Berti
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Priority to ITVE2010A000056A priority Critical patent/IT1402692B1/en
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Publication of IT1402692B1 publication Critical patent/IT1402692B1/en

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10FINORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F77/00Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10F77/95Circuit arrangements
    • H10F77/953Circuit arrangements for devices having potential barriers
    • H10F77/955Circuit arrangements for devices having potential barriers for photovoltaic devices

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  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Description

Descrizione dell'invenzione avente per titolo: "Strumento di sicurezza antinfortunistica per pannelli fotovoltaici; con comando di attivazione e emissione energia, segnala in loco rimmissione di tensione e l’anomalia, invia a distanza segnali di stato e richiesta e valori di misura”, Description of the invention entitled: "Accident prevention safety instrument for photovoltaic panels; with activation and energy emission command, it signals on-site voltage release and the anomaly, remotely sends status and request signals and measurement values",

Riassunto - Il trovato è rappresentato in tavola 01 dal circuito elettrico di figura 01 ed è equipaggiato con dispositivi elettromeccanici ed elettronici; garantisce la sicurezza antinfortunistica del tradizionale pannello fotovoltaico (d'ora in poi descritto: “pannello FV”), che in presenza di luce, presenta tensione ai terminali di uscita. Summary - The invention is represented in table 01 by the electric circuit of figure 01 and is equipped with electromechanical and electronic devices; it guarantees the accident prevention safety of the traditional photovoltaic panel (hereinafter described: “PV panel”), which in the presence of light, has voltage at the output terminals.

Se il trovato non è abilitato dal segnale esterno di centrale (E-Enable), esso normalmente cortocircuita il pannello FV rendendolo inattivo e isola i morsetti di uscita; se invece il segnale di centrale lo abilita, il trovato si attiva e collega i terminali del pannello FV al circuito e controllandone, in locale e in remoto, lo stato e la generazione. If the invention is not enabled by the external control panel signal (E-Enable), it normally short-circuits the PV panel making it inactive and isolates the output terminals; if, on the other hand, the control panel signal enables it, the device activates and connects the terminals of the PV panel to the circuit and checks, locally and remotely, its status and generation.

La novità sta nel fatto che attualmente, per non generare energia elettrica, con il tradizionale pannello FV, bisogna oscurarlo; i terminali del pannello FV, sono ora considerati sempre in tensione elettrica; il pericolo è latente e il problema è evidente durante la posa in opera e La manutenzione, peggiora in caso di incendio: l'urgenza, la vulnerabilità delle guaine dei conduttori, la presenza d'acqua e schiuma aumentano il rischio di folgorazione. The novelty lies in the fact that currently, in order not to generate electricity, with the traditional PV panel, it must be darkened; the terminals of the PV panel are now considered to be always in electrical voltage; the danger is latent and the problem is evident during installation and maintenance, worsens in the event of a fire: the urgency, the vulnerability of the conductor sheaths, the presence of water and foam increase the risk of electrocution.

La repentina diffusione di centrali elettriche a energia solare ha evidenziato i rischi antinfortunistici e di prevenzione e protezione dagli incendi; per ridurre i rischi, di recente gli enti di vigilanza hanno stabilito barriere e limitazioni impiantistiche che proteggono i cavi e contengono l'energia, tramite condutture metalliche equipotenzializzate e/o cavi speciali cosi provocando spreco produttivo e inficiando sulla convenienza del solare. Anche per scollegare la centrale fotovoltaica ed evitare l’accidentale messa in tensione della rete di distribuzione nazionale, bisogna spegnere t'inverter DC-AC, ma ciò non preclude che rimpianto sia attivo al suo interno, con tensioni e correnti e potenze in grado di provocare guai di natura elettrica (folgorazioni, surriscaldamenti, incendi). The sudden spread of solar-powered power plants has highlighted the risks of accident prevention and fire prevention and protection; to reduce the risks, the supervisory bodies have recently established plant barriers and limitations that protect the cables and contain the energy, through equipotentialized metal conduits and / or special cables, thus causing production waste and affecting the convenience of solar power. Also to disconnect the photovoltaic plant and avoid accidental powering up of the national distribution grid, the DC-AC inverter must be switched off, but this does not preclude regret from being active inside it, with voltages and currents and powers capable of cause electrical problems (electrocution, overheating, fire).

Alcuni produttori, per conoscere l'effettiva generazione ai pannelli FV, inseriscono dei diodi in serie sul circuito di potenza, perdendone molta. Apparentemente, attuando il controllo capillare aumentano i malfunzionamenti alle centrali; è invece possibile neutralizzare ogni singolo pannello prima dei morsetti di consegna con contatti di potenza pure a basso consumo, da controllare elettronicamente. Some manufacturers, to know the actual generation to the PV panels, insert diodes in series on the power circuit, losing a lot of them. Apparently, by implementing the capillary control, malfunctions at the plants increase; on the other hand, it is possible to neutralize each single panel before the delivery terminals with low consumption power contacts, to be controlled electronically.

Descrizione - Il trovato è un nuovo strumento elettrico antinfortunistico non presente sul mercato, per sezionamento e sicura disattivazione del pannello FV, segnala ai soccorritori in loco la presenza di tensione e invia segnali di stato e richiesta e letture di misura a distanza. Description - The invention is a new electrical accident prevention instrument not present on the market, by disconnecting and safely deactivating the PV panel, it signals the presence of voltage to the rescuers on site and sends status and request signals and remote measurement readings.

Il trovato presenta terminali di ingresso e di uscita: alcuni dedicati alla sezione di potenza, altri alla sezione di comando, controllo e misura; ha: un ingresso bipolare [F+] polo positivo e [F-] polo negativo a cui vanno collegati i poli positivo e negativo del pannello FV quindi efficacemente isolati dall'ambiente; dall'ingresso verso il circuito, la sezione di potenza impiega un relais BK1/K1 a quattro contatti: il contatto chiuso Kl.l Normal Closed (N.C.) cortocircuita i poli [F+] e [F-], quindi il pannello FV non può emettere energia nel circuito e/o nell'ambiente. The invention has input and output terminals: some dedicated to the power section, others to the command, control and measurement section; it has: a bipolar input [F +] positive pole and [F-] negative pole to which the positive and negative poles of the PV panel are connected, therefore effectively isolated from the environment; from the input to the circuit, the power section uses a relay BK1 / K1 with four contacts: the closed contact Kl.l Normal Closed (N.C.) short-circuits the poles [F +] and [F-], therefore the PV panel cannot emit energy into the circuit and / or into the environment.

I due contatti K1 .3 e K1.4 entrambi Normal Open (N.O.) hanno ciascuno un terminale rispettivamente collegato da una parte ai poli [F+] e [F-] dall'altra ai terminali di ignizione energia [U+j e [U-]. The two contacts K1 .3 and K1.4 both Normal Open (N.O.) each have a terminal respectively connected on one side to the [F +] and [F-] poles and on the other to the power ignition terminals [U + j and [U- ].

Quando BK1 è alimentato con tensione tra [E] e [C], il contatto Kl.l-N.C. si apre e si chiudono i contatti K1.3-N.O. e K1.4-N.O., così il pannello FV può inviare la corrente ai terminali [U+] e [U-] verso il circuito utilizzatore. La sola abilitazione del relais BK1-K1 (con bobina alimentata da un circuito a tensione di sicurezza 12÷24V protetto in corrente), è sufficiente per mettere in sicurezza il pannello FV ma non dà indicazioni di stato agli operatori in loco o alla centrale e nessun malfunzionamento è rilevabile. Perciò sono previsti due quadripoli: uno per il comando e controllo di potenza BKI/K1 e l'altro per il controllo e comando del secondo relais BK2/K2 dedicato alla verifica di generazione e invio segnali. When BK1 is powered with voltage between [E] and [C], the contact Kl.l-N.C. contacts K1.3-N.O open and close. and K1.4-N.O., so the PV panel can send the current to the terminals [U +] and [U-] towards the user circuit. The only enabling of the BK1-K1 relay (with coil powered by a 12 ÷ 24V safety voltage circuit protected in current), is sufficient to secure the PV panel but does not give status indications to the operators on site or to the control unit and no malfunction is detectable. Therefore two quadripoles are provided: one for the command and control of power BKI / K1 and the other for the control and command of the second relay BK2 / K2 dedicated to the verification of generation and transmission of signals.

II primo quadripolo (i cui terminali sono [E] enable, [R] request, [C] common), se non alimentato dimostra il LED DL2 spento; il segnale di abilitazione ENABLE al terminale [E], eccita BK1 che apre KL2-N.C; ora il terminale [R] è isolato da [E] e la resistenza R3 lo pone alla tensione di [C]; il LED DL2 resta spento e la condizione έ regolare. The first quadripole (whose terminals are [E] enable, [R] request, [C] common), if not powered, shows the DL2 LED off; the enabling signal ENABLE at terminal [E], excites BK1 which opens KL2-N.C; now the terminal [R] is isolated from [E] and the resistance R3 places it at the voltage of [C]; the DL2 LED remains off and the condition is normal.

Se invece BK1 è guasta e/o interrotta, allora K1.2-N.C. resta chiuso, il LED DL2 conduce verso R3 e si illumina, evidenziando all'operatore locale l'anomalia; il terminale [R] va in tensione e chiama la centrale (REQUEST) evidenziando l'anomalia. Il diodo [DI] ha funzione anti-isteresi. If, on the other hand, BK1 is faulty and / or interrupted, then K1.2-N.C. remains closed, the DL2 LED leads to R3 and lights up, highlighting the anomaly to the local operator; terminal [R] goes live and calls the control unit (REQUEST) highlighting the anomaly. The diode [DI] has an anti-hysteresis function.

Il secondo quadripolo (i cui terminali sono [U+] polo positivo, [U-] polo negativo, [F+] polo positivo pannello FV), controlla lo stadio di potenza di Kl; il transistor TI è interdetto fino a che BK1 non viene alimentata da [E] e fino a che la base [b] è collegata tramite RI a [F+] e [F-] in cortocircuito; il diodo DL1 resta spento e il contatto K2-N.O. è aperto. The second quadripole (whose terminals are [U +] positive pole, [U-] negative pole, [F +] positive pole of the PV panel), controls the power stage of K1; the transistor T1 is disabled until BK1 is powered by [E] and until the base [b] is connected through RI to [F +] and [F-] in short circuit; the diode DL1 remains off and the contact K2-N.O. It's open.

All'attivazione di BK1 i contatti Kl si portano in posizione di emissione, l'illuminazione comporta tensione tra [U+] e [U-]; la tensione di JF+] polarizza direttamente la giunzione base-emettitore BE di TI che va presto in saturazione e collega la bobina del relais BK2 a [U+] e [U-] attraverso il fusibile di protezione FS; contemporaneamente il LED DL1 si accende e evidenzia aH'operatore locale l'invio di tensione al circuito esterno. When BK1 is activated, the contacts K1 move to the emission position, the lighting involves voltage between [U +] and [U-]; the voltage of JF +] directly biases the base-emitter junction BE of TI which soon goes into saturation and connects the coil of relay BK2 to [U +] and [U-] through the protection fuse FS; at the same time the DL1 LED lights up and shows the local operator that voltage is being sent to the external circuit.

Il relais BK2 alimentato, chiude il contatto K2 e cortocircuita i terminali [Ki] K di ingresso e [KO] K di uscita (out), prima separati da una resistenza RK di valore noto; tramite la serie di RK (che sull'ultimo pannello FV si chiude con un’altra impedenza nota, tra [Ko] e [C] ) la centrale determina quanti contatti K2 sono aperti e quanti pannelli FV non generano energia. Infine un terminale [B] detto ponte (bridge) è il ritorno della serie di potenza (stringa) tra più pannelli FV; in caso di collegamento in parallelo, il terminale [B] può non essere utilizzato. When powered, relay BK2 closes contact K2 and short-circuits the input terminals [Ki] K and output [KO] K (out), first separated by a resistance RK of known value; through the RK series (which on the last PV panel closes with another known impedance, between [Ko] and [C]) the control unit determines how many K2 contacts are open and how many PV panels do not generate energy. Finally, a terminal [B] called bridge (bridge) is the return of the power series (string) between several PV panels; in case of parallel connection, terminal [B] may not be used.

Perciò, il trovato consente nuovi e importanti servizi essenziali: Therefore, the invention allows new and important essential services:

1. offre la sicurezza elettrica antinfortunistica perché, a riposo, il contatto Kl.l è normalmente chiuso “N.C.” e cortocircuita la tensione eventualmente presente sui terminali [F+] e [F-] ; 1. offers electrical safety to prevent accidents because, at rest, the contact Kl.l is normally closed "N.C." and short-circuit any voltage present on terminals [F +] and [F-];

2. offre l'isolamento circuitale del pannello FV (utile anche per la protezione anti fulmini) in quanto, a riposo, entrambi i contatti Kl .3-N.O. e K1.4-N.0 sono normalmente aperti; 2. offers circuit isolation of the PV panel (also useful for lightning protection) as, at rest, both contacts Kl .3-N.O. and K1.4-N.0 are normally open;

3. il pannello può essere abilitato solo dall'azione esterna, volontaria e/ o automatizzata, che alimenta il terminale [E] ENABLE, che apre il contatto Kl.l-N.C. e collega i terminali [F+] e [F-] del pannello FV al circuito elettrico; 3. the panel can only be enabled by the external action, voluntary and / or automated, which powers the terminal [E] ENABLE, which opens the contact Kl.l-N.C. and connect the terminals [F +] and [F-] of the PV panel to the electrical circuit;

4. per contattore di potenza fuori uso, avvisa in loco con l'accensione di DL2 e invia il segnale a distanza dal terminale [R] REQUEST; 4. for power contactor out of order, it warns on site by switching on DL2 and sends the remote signal from the [R] REQUEST terminal;

5. avverte l'effettiva generazione in corso, in loco con l’accensione di DL1 e a distanza con la chiusura del contatto K2; la lettura dell'impedenza RK totale può indicare alla centrale quanti pannelli sono in fase di generazione; 5. warns the actual generation in progress, on site with the switching on of DL1 and remotely with the closure of contact K2; the total RK impedance reading can indicate to the control panel how many panels are being generated;

6. la modularità passante semplifica il cablaggio, con due cavi di potenza [U] e [B] e quattro di gestione segnali [K] [E] [R] [C] per l'individuazione particolare. 6. through modularity simplifies wiring, with two power cables [U] and [B] and four signal management [K] [E] [R] [C] cables for particular identification.

E trovato è semplice e compatto da costruire, economico perché impiega componenti di facile reperibilità, a basso consumo (consuma circa 1÷2W, inferiore al diodo raddrizzatore talvolta inserito sul circuito di potenza), è sicuro per migliaia di cicli e può proteggere facilmente il pannello FV dalle scariche elettrostatiche; è affidabile nel tempo e può essere disattivato dai soccorritori o attivato manualmente o in automatico (con interruttore remoto, temporizzatore, crepuscolare); può inviare segnali di stato e sicurezza ai presenti (Vigili del Fuoco, Tecnici e Manutentori) e alla centrale. Il trovato può essere applicato a tutti i pannelli fotovoltaici in corso di progetto e costruzione, conviene anche per l'adeguamento degli esistenti; è perciò immediato il riscontro nella produzione industriale di largo consumo. And found it is simple and compact to build, economical because it uses easily available, low consumption components (it consumes about 1 ÷ 2W, less than the rectifier diode sometimes inserted on the power circuit), is safe for thousands of cycles and can easily protect the PV panel from electrostatic discharges; it is reliable over time and can be deactivated by the rescuers or activated manually or automatically (with remote switch, timer, twilight); can send status and safety signals to those present (fire brigade, technicians and maintenance workers) and to the control unit. The invention can be applied to all photovoltaic panels in the course of design and construction, it is also suitable for the adaptation of existing ones; therefore the confirmation in the industrial production of mass consumption is immediate.

Claims (5)

RIVENDICAZIONI del trovato "Strumento di sicurezza antinfortunistica per pannelli fotovoltaici; con comando di attivazione e emissione energia, segnala in loco l'immissione di tensione e l'anomalia, invia a distanza segnali di stato e richiesta e valori di misura” comprende i seguenti: 1. Quadripolo di potenza , definito da: terminali di ingresso “polo positivo” [F+] e “polo negativo” [F-] per pannello fotovoltaico ; terminali di uscita al circuito distribuzione , “polo positivo” [U+] e “polo negativo” [U-] . Il quadripolo di potenza è costituito dai quattro contatti (Kl) interbloccati del relais principale , azionati dalla bobina (BK1) ; due contatti sono “normalmente aperti” (K1.3 e K1.4) e due contatti sono “normalmente chiusi” (Kl.l e K1.2) ; al contatto “normalmente chiuso” (Kl.l) sono connessi i terminali di ingresso “polo positivo” [F+] e “polo negativo” [F-] e in cortocircuito. Il contatto “normalmente aperto” (Kl .3) è connesso tra il terminale di ingresso positivo [F+] e il terminale di uscita positivo [U+] ; il contatto “normalmente aperto” (K1.4) è connesso tra il terminale di ingresso negativo [F-] e il terminale di uscita negativo [U-] . Se il relais non è eccitato , il pannello fotovoltaico è sicuro , privo di tensione e separato dal circuito . 2. Quadripolo di comando della bobina (BK1) e controllo dei contatti (Kl) del relais principale, descritti in rivendicazione 1 , dove : i terminali [E] “enable” o abilitazione e [C] “common” o negativo comune , definiscono l'ingresso ; i terminali [R] “request” o segnalazione e [C] “common” definiscono l'uscita . Il circuito serie connesso al terminale di abilitazione [E] è definito da: contatto “normalmente chiuso” (K1.2) del relais principale di rivendicazione 1 , resistenza (R4) , spia (DL2) , terminale di segnalazione [R] , resistenza (R3) , terminale comune [C] . La bobina (BK1) del relais principale di rivendicazione 1 , è connessa al terminale di abilitazione [E] e al terminale comune [C]. Il diodo (DI) ha collegati: l'anodo al terminale abilitazione [E], il catodo al terminale comune [C] . 3. Quadripolo di controllo del dispositivo descritto in rivendicazione 1 , definito da: terminali di ingresso “polo positivo” del pannello fotovoltaico [F+] e polo negativo [U-] connesso all'emettitore [e] del transistor (Tl) tipo NPN ; terminali di uscita “polo positivo” [U+] e collettore [c] del transistor (Tl) . La resistenza di ingresso (RI) è connessa al terminale positivo di ingresso [F+] e alla base [b] del transistor (Tl) . Il fusibile (FS) è connesso al terminale positivo di uscita [U+] e a un capo della bobina (BK2) del secondo relais , l'altro capo della bobina (BK2) è connesso al collettore [c] del transistor (Tl) . In parallelo alla bobina (BK2) del secondo relais è connesso il ramo serie , costituito da : resistenza (R2), diodo LED (DL1) polarizzato diretto e acceso solo in caso di effettiva generazione fotovoltaica . 4. Ramo bipolare isolato, definito dal contatto “normalmente aperto” (K2), costituito dai terminali “ingresso” [Ki] e “uscita” [Ko], ai cui capi è collegata un'impedenza di misura (RK) . Il contatto “normalmente aperto” (K2) è comandato dalla bobina (BK2) del secondo relais di rivendicazione 3 . 5. Ramo “ponte” (opzionale), definito dal terminale di ingresso [B] e uscita [B] tra essi connessi. CLAIMS for a: "safety prevention device for photovoltaic panels. The device has a system of control of the activation and emission of energy. It signals on-site emissions of tension and the abnormalities that may occur. It also sends long distance signals of self-conditions, malfunctioning and measures levels” The device includes the following: 1. Quadrupole power, consists of: - input terminals "positive" [F ] and "negative" [F-] for photovoltaic panel . - the output terminals of the circuit distribution, "positive" [U ] and "negative" [ U-] . - the quadrupole consists of four power contacts (Kl), operated by the coil (BK1), interlocked in the main relay. - two contacts are "normally open" (K1.3 and K1.4) and two contacts are "normally closed" (Kl .1 and K1.2) . - the input terminals "positive" [F ] and "negative" [F-] are connected to the "normally closed" contact (Kl.l) which causes short-circuiting. - the contact "normally open" (K1.3) is connected between the input terminal positive [+ F] and the positive output terminal [U ]. - the contact "normally open" (K1.4) is connected between the input terminal Negative [F-] and the negative output terminal [U-]. If the relay is not energized, the photovoltaic panel is safe, free of tension and separate from the circuit. CLAIMS of the invention "Accident prevention safety instrument for photovoltaic panels; with activation and energy emission command, it signals the voltage input and the anomaly on site, remotely sends status and request signals and measurement values" includes the following: 1. Power quadripole, defined by: “positive pole” [F +] and “negative pole” [F-] input terminals for photovoltaic panel; output terminals to the distribution circuit, “positive pole” [U +] and “negative pole” [U-]. The power quadrupole consists of the four interlocked contacts (K1) of the main relay, operated by the coil (BK1); two contacts are "normally open" (K1.3 and K1.4) and two contacts are "normally closed" (Kl.l and K1.2); the “positive pole” [F +] and “negative pole” [F-] input terminals are connected to the “normally closed” contact (Kl.l) and short-circuited. The “normally open” contact (Kl .3) is connected between the positive input terminal [F +] and the positive output terminal [U +]; the “normally open” contact (K1.4) is connected between the negative input terminal [F-] and the negative output terminal [U-]. If the relay is not energized, the photovoltaic panel is safe, voltage free and separated from the circuit. 2. Coil control quadripole (BK1) and control of the contacts (Kl) of the main relay, described in claim 1, where: the terminals [E] "enable" or enabling and [C] "common" or common negative, define the entrance; the terminals [R] “request” or signaling and [C] “common” define the output. The series circuit connected to the enabling terminal [E] is defined by: "normally closed" contact (K1.2) of the main relay of claim 1, resistor (R4), indicator light (DL2), signaling terminal [R], resistor (R3), common terminal [C]. The coil (BK1) of the main relay of claim 1 is connected to the enabling terminal [E] and to the common terminal [C]. The diode (DI) has connected: the anode to the enabling terminal [E], the cathode to the common terminal [C]. 3. Control quadripole of the device described in claim 1, defined by: “positive pole” input terminals of the photovoltaic panel [F +] and negative pole [U-] connected to the emitter [e] of the NPN type transistor (Tl); “positive pole” [U +] and collector [c] output terminals of the transistor (Tl). The input resistor (RI) is connected to the positive input terminal [F +] and to the base [b] of the transistor (Tl). The fuse (FS) is connected to the positive output terminal [U +] and to one end of the coil (BK2) of the second relay, the other end of the coil (BK2) is connected to the collector [c] of the transistor (Tl). The series branch is connected in parallel to the coil (BK2) of the second relay, consisting of: resistor (R2), direct polarized LED diode (DL1) and lit only in the case of actual photovoltaic generation. 4. Insulated bipolar branch, defined by the “normally open” contact (K2), consisting of the “input” [Ki] and “output” [Ko] terminals, to whose ends a measurement impedance (RK) is connected. The "normally open" contact (K2) is controlled by the coil (BK2) of the second relay of claim 3. 5. “Bridge” branch (optional), defined by the input [B] and output [B] terminal connected between them. CLAIMS for a: "safety device for photovoltaic panels. The device has a system of control of the activation and emission of energy. It signals on-site emissions of tension and the abnormalities that may occur. It also sends long distance signals of self -conditions, malfunctioning and measures levels "The device includes the following: 1. Quadrupole power, consists of: - input terminals "positive" [F] and "negative" [F-] for photovoltaic panel. - the output terminals of the circuit distribution, "positive" [U] and "negative" [U-]. - the quadrupole consists of four power contacts (Kl), operated by the coil (BK1), interlocked in the main relay. - two contacts are "normally open" (K1.3 and K1.4) and two contacts are "normally closed" (Kl .1 and K1.2). - the input terminals "positive" [F] and "negative" [F-] are connected to the "normally closed" contact (Kl.l) which causes short-circuiting. - the contact "normally open" (K1.3) is connected between the input terminal positive [+ F] and the positive output terminal [U]. - the contact "normally open" (K1.4) is connected between the input terminal Negative [F-] and the negative output terminal [U-]. If the relay is not energized, the photovoltaic panel is safe, free of tension and separate from the circuit. 2. Quadrupole coil control (BK1) and contacts control (Kl) of the main relay (as described in claim 1). It consist of: - terminals [Ε] "enable" or enabling and [C] "common" or negative common. They mean entry. - the terminals [R] "request" or signaling and [C] "common". They mean exit. - the series circuit connected to the enable terminal [E] consist of: contact "normally closed" (K1.2) of the main relay (see claim 1), resistor (R4), light (DL2), terminal signaling [R], resistance (R3), the common terminal [C]. - the coil (BK1) of the main relay (as described in claim 1) is connected to the enable terminal [E] and the common terminal [C]. - the diode (Dl) has an anode connected to the enable terminal [E] and the cathode connected to the common terminal [C]. 2. Quadrupole coil control (BK1) and contacts control (Kl) of the main relay (as described in claim 1). It consist of: - terminals [Ε] "enable" or enabling and [C] "common" or negative common. They mean entry. - the terminals [R] "request" or signaling and [C] "common". They mean exit. - the series circuit connected to the enable terminal [E] consist of: contact "normally closed" (K1.2) of the main relay (see claim 1), resistor (R4), light (DL2), terminal signaling [R] , resistance (R3), the common terminal [C]. - the coil (BK1) of the main relay (as described in claim 1) is connected to the enable terminal [E] and the common terminal [C]. - the diode (Dl) has an anode connected to the enable terminal [E] and the cathode connected to the common terminal [C]. 3. Quadrupole control device (as described in claim 1) consist of: - input terminals "positive" of the solar cell [F ] and negative [U-] connected to the emitter [e] of the transistor (Tl) NPN type. - exit terminale "positive" [U ] and collector [c] of the transistor (Tl). - the input resistance (Rl) is connected to the positive terminal input [F ] and to the base [b] of the transistor (Tl). - the fuse (FS) is connected to the positive output [U ] and to one head of the coil (BK2) of the second relay. - the other end of the coil (BK2) is connected to the collector [c] of the transistor (Tl). - the series branch is parallel to the coil (BK2) of the second relay and it consists of: resistance (R2), diode LED (DL1) wich is directly polarized. It will turn on only in case of an actual photovoltaic generation. 3. Quadrupole control device (as described in claim 1) consist of: - input terminals "positive" of the solar cell [F] and negative [U-] connected to the emitter [e] of the transistor (Tl) NPN type. - terminal exit "positive" [U] and collector [c] of the transistor (Tl). - the input resistance (Rl) is connected to the positive terminal input [F] and to the base [b] of the transistor (Tl). - the fuse (FS) is connected to the positive output [U] and to one head of the coil (BK2) of the second relay. - the other end of the coil (BK2) is connected to the collector [c] of the transistor (Tl). - the series branch is parallel to the coil (BK2) of the second relay and it consists of: resistance (R2), diode LED (DL1) wich is directly polarized. It will turn on only in case of an actual photovoltaic generation. 4. Bipolar branch block, is described as "normally open" contact (K2). - it consists of terminal "input" [Ki] and "exit" [Ko], whose head is connected to an impedance measurement (RK). The contact "normally open" (K2) is controlled by the coil (BK2) of the second relay described in claim 3. 4. Bipolar branch block, is described as "normally open" contact (K2). - it consists of terminal "input" [Ki] and "exit" [Ko], whose head is connected to an impedance measurement (RK). The contact "normally open" (K2) is controlled by the coil (BK2) of the second relay described in claim 3. 5. Branch bridge (optional) - it consist of an input terminal [B] and out [B] connected between them.5. Branch bridge (optional) - it consist of an input terminal [B] and out [B] connected between them.
ITVE2010A000056A 2010-11-04 2010-11-04 SAFETY SAFETY INSTRUMENT FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC PANELS; WITH COMMAND OF ACTIVATION AND EMISSION OF ENERGY, INDICATE SIGNALLY THE VOLTAGE ENTRY AND ANOMALY, SEND DISTANCE SIGNALS AND REQUEST AND MEASUREMENT VALUES IT1402692B1 (en)

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20020014262A1 (en) * 2000-07-10 2002-02-07 Masaaki Matsushita Photovoltaic power generation systems and methods of controlling photovoltaic power generation systems
US20020186020A1 (en) * 2001-05-29 2002-12-12 Hiroshi Kondo Power generation apparatus and its control method

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20020014262A1 (en) * 2000-07-10 2002-02-07 Masaaki Matsushita Photovoltaic power generation systems and methods of controlling photovoltaic power generation systems
US20020186020A1 (en) * 2001-05-29 2002-12-12 Hiroshi Kondo Power generation apparatus and its control method

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