IL27432A - A combined spanner and ratchet wrench - Google Patents

Description

REOD. PATE NT A TTORN EYS 24, LEVONTIN STR., P. O. B. 1169 T E L - A V I V P A T E N T S & D E S I G N S O R D I N A N C E SPECIFICATION A COkBINliJJ SH N fl m HATCHET WHEJSCH SIMON NIIS NOKDOEEIM , a Swedish subject, of 1A, Centra lv'igen, fiimbo, owed en, O HEREBY DECLARE the nafure of this invenfion and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement : The present invention relates to a combined spanner and ratchet wrench of the kind indicated in the preamble of claim 1. The setting of the desired spanner opening is in such spanners carried out in the same manner as in conventional spanners, i.e. the jaws are first set apart so much as to allow the respective nut or screw head to be introduced between the jaws, which are then brought together by means of the set screw, until they bear on the side faces of the nut or screw head.

It has in this case proved to require a certain degree of attention to decide when the right distance between the jaws is reached owing to the fact that, when the jaws come into contact with the nut or screw head this does not imply that no further turning of the set screw is possible o Since the spanner handle is pivoted to the spanner head, further turning of the worm is made possible by the fact that the handle turns in relation to the spanner head. Only after the said turning action has reached its limit, the turning of the set screw is stopped. However, this implies, firstly, that the spanner handle takes a false working position in relation to the spanner head, and, secondly, that the so called blocking function of the spanners is totally jeopardized. In order to prevent the occurence of such conditions the spanner may be provided with a locking device between the handle and the head, so that these two during the moment proper of setting the jaws may be fixed in their normal mutual working position. However, this means that a supplementary operation is introduced with respect to the setting of the desirable spanner opening, which should, of course, possibly be avoided. Even in case such a locking device is made spring loaded it involves a supplementary operation to release the locking device, if it is desirable to utilize the blocking function.

The present invention has for its object to eliminate the above drawbacks substantially by making the spanner in accordance with the characterizing part of the head claim. By a suitable embodiment of the cooperating contact surfaces of the spacer and the ratchet member it is possible to achieve that the ratchet member remains in its blocking position even when trying to continue the turning of the set screw after the jaws have been brought to bear on the nut or the screw head0 In particular, the contact surface of the spacer may be made in such a manner that it forms a ridge extending longitudinally in parallel with the pivot axis of the handle and that the ratchet member has a recess corresponding the said ridge. The ridge should then be disposed, at least partly, within a circle face defined by the minor diameter of the set screw, and preferably be excentric with respect to the centre of the set screw as well as displaced of the pivot axis of the spanner handle The contact surface of the spacer: facing the ratchet member is preferably made convex with a substantially V-shaped profile and the ridge disposed at the apex of the angle thus forming. The said angle should be of the magnitude of 90 to 180° and its bisector plane should intersect the central line of the set screw at a point located on the same side of the spacer as the set screw.

Alternately, the contact surfaces may, at least partly, have a circular cylindric shape with an axis centre at least approximately coinciding with the pivot centre of the spanner handle.

The spacer is preferably provided with two contact surfaces cooperating each with one of the legs of the forklike ratchet member, while the protion of the spacer between the said surfaces consists of a disc or plate substantially parallel in plane. The contact surfaces may in this case be inclined in such a manner that the legs of the forklike ratchet member have a tendency to approach each other under the action of the contact surfaces of the spacer.

The invention provides for a reliable self locking means between the handle and the spanner head, which implies that when the displaceable jaw is in its fixed position it will not be possible to bring the ratchet member out of its blocking position by turning the set screwc The invention will be more fully described hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawing showing an embodiment of the invention by way of example.

In the drawing: Fig, 1 is a side elevation diagrammatically illustrating a combined spanner and ratchet wrench according to the inventions Fig» 2 is a horizontal view of the same device; Fig. 3 is a lateral view of the spanner head and adjacent portions of the spanner handle on a larger scale; Fig.-, 4 is a section along line IV-IV of Fig. 3j and Figs 5 and 6 show a detail of the spanner in a lateral and an end view, respectively.

The spanner and ratchet wrench as shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 oomprises a spanner head 1, carrying the stationary jaw 2, and a handle 3j which by means of a pivot 4j the axis of which is perpendicular to the main or pivot plane, is pivoted to the spanner head. The movable jaw 5 of the spanner is in a conventional manner provided with a rack 6 and dis-placeable by means of the latter and a set screw 7 cooperating with the same. The said set screw is in turn displaceably arranged in an apert^ ure 8 in the spanner head 1 and mounted on a spindle 9 screwed into the same (Fig. 3).

The front end of the handle 3? which is connected to the spanner head 1. is forklike and forms a track, into which a tongue 10 of the spanner head projects, thus providing good guidance between the handle and the spanner head. The legs of the forklike handle end form a ratchet member comprising two fingers or projections 11 which over a washer-like spacer 12 act on the set screw 7 and displace it from the one lower limit to the other top limit, when the handle 3 is pivoted with respect to the spanner head 1 about the pivot 4 i-n "the direction indicated by arrow A in Fig» 1. The projections 1 fix the set screw 7 in its upper position as shown in Fig* 1; and thus also the displaceable jaw 5 in its working position.

In an aperture 13 (Fig. 3) of the centrally projecting tongue 10 of the spanner head a spring 14 is provided. The spring is inserted ¾et?/een the tongue and the legs of the handle in such a manner that it tends to bring the ratchet member into its blocking position, i.e. the position shown in Fig, 1c The handle 3 and the spanner head 1 may be provided with special stop faces which, with the parts in their working positions, bear on each other and in this way fix the handle and the spanner head in their mutual position. Such stop faces may, for example, be arranged along the separating line 15 between the handle 3 and the spanner head 1 or the separating line 16 between the tongue 10 of the spanner head and the bottom of the track between the two legs of the handle. In this case between the upper end of the set screw and the aperture 8 in the spanner head, in which the set screw is provided, there should preferably be a spring tending to push the set screw downward to eliminate any possible axial play of the set screw when the ratchet member takes its blocking position. The said spring may optionally also be arranged to have a certain br aking effect on the set screw when rotated. Alternately, the said spring may be omitted. However, it may then be of advantage instead to let the stop faces be identical with the upper end faces of the set screw and the adjacent face of the aperture for the set screw in the spanner head.

According to the invention the cooperating contact surfaces of the spacer and the ratchet member are made in such a manner that the line of action of the force resultant being active between the faces in the blocking position passes through or as close to the pivoting centre of the handle that no torque or in any case only an insignificant torque acts on the handle with respect to its pivot point 4 when setting the spanner opening by turning the set screw. In the embodiment illustrated in the drawing it will be seen more clearly in Fig. 3 how the contact surfaces may be developped. According to Fig. 3 "the handle is assumed to pivot about the pivot in the direction of arrow B and the spanner opening to open, so that the jaws are on their way passing over the corners of a nut or a screw head 1 (Fig. 3) placed in the spanner opening. In a certain position, the f eegoing position ,the spanner can rotate freely about the nut or screw head without entraining the same- The set screw 7 then in its lower end position, which is made possible by the ratchet member 1 1 being pushed aside so much when pivoting the handle that it will not prevent the set screw from being displaced to its lower limito The two contact surfaces of the spacer 12 facing the projections 11 of the ratchet member are provided each with a ridge 18 (Figs 5 , 6) , which extends longitudinally in parallel wjjh the pivot axis of the handle0 The projections 1 1 have each a recess/cooperating with the ridge 180 The ridge and the recess are displaced slightly laterally in relation to the central axis of the set screw 7 towards the pivot 4 P but not more than they are at least partly positioned within the cylinder face 20 defined by the minor diameter of the set screw. The contact surfaces are, for the rest j of such a shape that the spacer 1 2 , as seen from the side, has a convex, substantially V-shaped profile and that the angle a (Fig. 5 ) thus forming, is of the magnitude of 0 to 180° The angles b and c (Fig* 5 mutually may be /of the same size. The angle b may, however, optionally be slightly greater than angle, c, so, that the. bisector plane of angle a intersects O Tile so u scre I the central line/at a point located on the same side of the spacer 1 2 as the set screw,, The portion 1 2a (Fig., 5) of the contact surface of the spacer will get an inclination, which facilitates the cooperation between the same and the extreme part of the finger 1 1 , when the set screw 7 and the spacer 1 2 are in their lowermost positions and shall be brought into the position shown in Fig. 1 by the finger 1 1 . To the part 1 2 b (Fig<, 5 ) is simultaneously imparted such an inclination that a good wedging or blocking effect between the same and the corresponding contact surface of the finger 1 is obtained in the position of these means, as shown in Fig. 1 , thereby securing a specially firm grip about the nut or screw head .

The part faces 1 2a and 1 2b are. as will be seen by Figs. 5 and 6 , made a substantially pla.ne faces, which may be of advantage from a manufacturing point of view.. Other shapes of the said faces may, however r, be considered So may, for instance, the face 1 2b be circular cylindric with its centre positioned in the pivot centre 4 ? or at least adjacent to the sane and preferably between the central line of the set screw 7 and the said centre 4 ° Either the bearing faces have the one shape or any other shape, it may be of advantage to provide the spacer ~]2, as shown in Figs, 5 and 6 , with a portion 21 inbetween the said faces, the said portion being a disc or the like« it i-^< + ^^^t-ionj f—11 -1 ■■■ f1"" The same should then not be wider than the distance between the fingers 1 1 of the ratchet member, as illustrated in Fig* 4 ? showing a section along IV-IV in fig„3o The portion 21 may thus in the position shown in Fig„ 1 project inbetween the fingers and prevent the spacer from turning about the set screw. In order to prevent such rotation also when the ratchet member 1 is brought out of engagement with the spacer 1 2 , the spacer should 5 howeve ? be provided with special projections 22 cooperating with the central tongue 10 of the spanner heade

Claims (8)

As shown with dash-dot-line in Fig. 6, the contact surfaces may alternately be made with such an inclination that by the pressure bet?/een the finger 11 and the spacer 12 the fingers are under the influence of a force directed inwards opposing or preventing their bringing apart during the operational phase, i«e. when the spanner is turned in the direction of arrow A. The set screw 7 an(3 "the spacer 12 may, as shown in Figs j~>: be , arranged to he under the influence of a spring 23 tending to return the set screw and the spacer οαϊ -Ββ·αηο/to their upper limits, as shown in the figure B The set screw 7 and the spacer 12 may be made interconnected to form one unity^^for oxamplo; :i^^4¾^«a »tt»;fr-Bra--g½re^ ηπτ n/iJr -rcrtTMfr-fflrr ...:.».' . -^¾^£-"»¼·-¾)οηΐ Applioat¾ø«■-fo-frjOft/0 ")-and be provided with breaking means, which may also, for example, be of the kind described in the above patent and by which any unvoluntary turning of the set screw is prevented. The spanner or ratchet wrench described hereinbefore and illustrated in the drawings may be modified as to its various means and details in one or several respects within the scope of the invention,, The invention shall thus be regarded as including every other shape of the contact surfaces of the spacer and/or the ratchet member Tihich is practically workable and totally or at least approximately prevents or makes impossible any turning of the handle about its pivoting centre by turning the set screw. Even a more or less concave shape of the contact surface of the spacer (12) a.nd/or a corresponding convex shape of the contact surface of the ratchet membe (11) may thus under these circumstances be embraced by the invention, HAVING iSOft' particularly described and ascertained the nature o£ m said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is: i- m--B

1. A combined spanner and ratchet wrench provided with a spanner head (l) carrying the stationary jaw (2) and a handle (3) pivotal in relation to the spanner head (l) in the pivoting plane of the same between two limita. and the movable jaw (5) of which is adjustable by means of a rack (6) arranged on the same and a set screw (7) cooperating with the same;, whose axis (9) is lodged outside the pivot centre (4) of the handle and.which to a limited extent is axially displaceable in the spanner head (1) and is fixed in its working position by means of a forklike ratchet member 11) connected to the handle (3) and actuated by the same, and a spacer (12) VftCr provided "between the^same and one end face of the set screw (7) , the spacer being fixed against rotation about the axis of the set screw, characterized in that the cooperating contact surfaces of the spacer (1 2) and the ratchet member (11 ) are so shaped that in the blocking position the effective line of the force resultant being active between the surfaces passes through or *«. close to the pivot centre (4) of the handle (3) J that no torque, or in any case no torque of any significant magnitude, acts on the handle with respect to its pivot point when setting the spanner opening by turning the set screw.

2. A combined spanner and ratchet wrench according to claim 1 characterized in that the contact surface of the spacer (1 2) facing the ratchet member (1 1 ) forms a ridge, which extends longitudinally at least approxim ately in parallel with the pivot axis (4) of the handle (3) ? and that the ratchet member (1 1 ) has a recess (19) corresponding to the ridge of the spacer (12) .

3. > A combined spanner and ratchet wrench according to claim 2 , characterized in that the ridge is at least partly disposed within the cylinder face ( 0) defined by the minor diameter of the set screv (7) and is preferably ^xcentrically disposed in relation to the centre of the set screw as well as displacdl towards the pivot axis of the spanner handle (3)

4. * A combined spanner and ratohet wrench according to claim 2 or 3 j characterized in that the contact surface of the spacer ( 2) facing the ratchet member (11) has a convex, substantially V-shaped profile with the ridge disposed at the angular apex thus forming, and that the angle is of the magnitude of 0 to 180°.

5. A combined spanner and ratchet wrench according to claim 4? characterized in that the bisector plane of the angle of the V-shaped contact surface intersects the central line of the set screw (7) at a point located on the same side of the spacer (1 2) as the set screw*

6. A combined spanner and ratchet wrench according to claim 2 or 3 j characterized in that the contact surfaces are at least partly of circular cylindric shape, the axial centre at least approximately coinciding with the pivot centre (4) of the spanner handle (3) ·

7. „ A combined spanner and ratchet wrench according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the spacer (12) has two contact surfaces cooperating with each of the legs of the forklike ratchet member (11) or and that the paction of the spacer inbetween the same comprises a disc or the like, Ιιυιιι^ itt l a ao t au"botniniDjallj yianall el i ρΐαιαο»

8. A combined spanner and ratchet wrench according to claim (7) , characterized in that the contact surfaces ("18 Fig.6) are inclined in such a manner ^hat to the legs of the forklike ratchet member (ll) is imparted a tendency to approach each other under the influence of the contact surfaces (18) of the spacer (12).