IE54617B1 - Inflatable pouch - Google Patents

Description

This invention relates to the field of inflatable pouches for use in dispensing containers and the like to provide pressure as the result of a repeated series of chemical reactions that release gas within the pouch each time a certain volume of the product is dispensed. Xn particular, the invention relates to an improved pouch that provides better control of start-up of the gas-forming chemical reaction and further provides an improved and simplified method of making such pouches.

Xt is known to dispense liguid products from a dispenser such as an aerosol can, or a garden sprayer apparatus and the like, by internal pressure that forces the product out through a nozzle when a valve is manually actuated. Xt haa been found desirable to generate the pressure by means of a confined chemical reaction that causes gas to be produced within the dispenser without the reactants coming into contact with the product to be dispensed and without release of the reactants to the atmosphere by enclosing the gas-producing chemicals or reactants within a flexible barrier-bag or pouch. Initially, the space occupied by the pouch containing the gas-producing chemicals is only a relatively small part of the total inner volume of the dis'penser) the larger part of the dispenser volume is used to hold the product that is to be dispensed. The gas produced by I the chemical reaction exerts outward pressure on the flexible bag and thus indirectly on the product to force the product out of the dispenser during use in successive amounts until substantially all of the product is ultimately dispensed.

S. The quantities of gas-forming materials put into the dispenser initially are determined by the volume of gas that must be produced to expel substantially all of the product with at least a minimum residual pressure for the final quantity to be dispensed, but if the total stoichiometric amounts of these ma10. terials are brought together initially so that they can react and produce the gas before any of the product has been dispensed, the initial pressure within the dispenser would be undesirably high. As the product is dispensed under such circumstances, the pressure will gradually decrease and rather than be constant IS. having the pressure too high initially imposes structural requirements on the outer container and involves safety hazards.

In U.S. Patent 3,718,236, the barrier is an inflatable pouch, and it is proposed not to generate all of the gas at once but to generate it in fractional quantities so that only enough . pressure will be generated at each stage to inflate the pouch an additional fractional amount, starting with little or no inflation and ending with the pouch virtually filling the ί dispenser to supplant the product as the product is dispensed.

This arrangement makes it possible to generate as much pressure . as is needed at any time to dispense the product ata relatively constant rate and keeps the dispensing pressure relatively constant.

Generation of the gas in fractional quantities in the aforesaid patent is accomplished by sealing gas-impermeable . walls into the pouch to divide the pouch.into a series of chambers.

A predetermined portion of at least one of the gas-forming chemical reagents is placed in each chamber as the pouch is being produced, and both reagents and a solvent are placed in the pouch as start-up components for the gas-forming reaction. At . least one of the necessary start-up components is separated from the others by encapsulation in a water-soluble coating to prevent the reaction from starting until after the time of sealing the dispenser. Thereafter, as the valve is actuated to open the dispensing orifice, the gas in the pouch expands, expelling some . of the product through the orifice. The walls that separate the pouch into chambers can stretch to only a limited extent, and the quantity of at least one of the reagents in the first chamber is limited in amount so that the reaction of that reagent with the other in solution in the pouch will produce only slightly more than . enough gas to expand the first chamber fully and to rupture the wall that separates the first and second chambers. This permits admixture of the additional material in the second chamber with the remainder of the solution in the pouch to produce a little more than enough additional gas to expand the combined . first and second chambers fully (as enough of the product is dispensed to make that expansion possible) and to rupture the wall separating the second and third chambers. The process is continued, with the formation of successive quantities of gas and expulsion of the product until all of the product has been ex5. pelled. The pressure that generated in the pouch is less than the maximum that would have been generated initially, if the same total quantities of reagents had been mixed all at once, yet the operating pressure provided is still ample.

Typical reagents that have been found to be quite . satisfactory are sodium bicarbonate and citric acid which, when mixed in an aqueous solution, produce carbon dioxide. Other reagents can be used instead, such as dilute hydrochloric acid (e.g. 10-301 or even up to about 35%) in place of citric acid, and lithium carbonate or calcium carbonate in place of sodium . bicarbonate.

Carbon dioxide is not a dangerous gas in the quantities generated within a typical dispenser, so that even if the dispenser were crushed, the gas forming materials, either before or after the gas-forming reaction, would not be considered toxic . or dangerous.

One of the requirements of the structure shown in U.S. Patent 3,718,236 is that the rupturable walls must be attached in a gqs-tight manner to the flexible, but stronger, outer walls of the punch or the harrier that separates the gas-forming reac25. tion from the product to be dispensed. Not only must the rupturable walls be properly attached, but a proper quantity of the selected reagent must be placed within each chamber before the wall to that chamber is sealed. Furthermore, it is desirable to carry out the sealing in such a way that little or no air is . trapped within each chamber during manufacture. Any trapped air would displace some of the initial product, and might cause the dispenser to contain less of the desired product than it should contain.

An improved poucii to be inserted in a dispenser is des10. cribed in Patent Specification Ho. 51803 and owned by the common assignee hereof. The pouch disclosed therein does not have individual walls to separate the interior of the pouch into chambers. Instead, an insert containing the small, additional quantities of one of the reagents . is placed in the pouch and attached to the flexible walls thereof just before the final assembly of the pouch and of the dispenser.

The insert consists of two sheets of plastic smaller in dimension that the pouch. One of the sheets has one or more rows or recesses formed in it. The one reagent is placed in each of these . recesses during manufacture of the insert and a second sheet is sealed to the first sheet to keep water, or more particularly, an aqueous solution of the other chemical reagent from reaching the reagent in the recesses. Furthermore, the sealing is arranged at different spaced locations from each of the recesses so that . the two sheets can be peeled apart in such a way that the contents of S4617 each newly opened recess can admix in sequence with the solution containing the other reagent· In order to allow the peeling action to take place, one side of the insert is sealed to the inside of the pouch . and the other side of the insert is sealed to the opposite inner surface of the pouch. Gas generated within the pouch forces these two opposed parts of the pouch to spread farther and farther apart, to the extent permitted by expulsion of the product being dispensed, thereby peeling the sheets of the insert apart and . giving access in a series of steps to the recesses containing the necessary reagent to continue the gas forming reaction. Thus, like the structure in U.S. Patent 3,718,236, the structure in Patent Specification No. 51803 allows the chemical reaction to take place in a succession of steps and not all at . once, thereby controlling the gas pressure at a relatively constant level.

In using such peelable inserts, it is necessary to place the insert in the pouch, together with the starting solution of an initial quantity of one reagent and a dissolvable or ruptur20. able capsule containing the other reagent, just before the pouch is sealed and just before the dispenser is filled and completed.

As a result, it is necessary to provide sealing apparatus at the point of assembly of the dispenser and it is also necessary to be certain that the final manufacturing steps can be carried out in a . short time interval before the gas-forming process gets started.

Patent Specification No. 50492, also owned by the common assignee hereof, discloses a further improved version in which one wall of the pouch has recesses formed in it to receive small quantities of one of S. the reagents. These recesses are sealed, after the reagent had been placed therein, by a small sheet affixed in a manner similar to that described for the insert in Patent Specification No. 51803.. During expansion of the pouch in use within the dispenser, the small sheet is simply peeled back from the main wall in which . the recesses are formed. The starting chemicals, one of them possibly in the form of a powder and capsules containing the other, are placed on one of the pouch outer sheets during assembly, and water is placed in a rupturable container, either as a separate small container to be enclosed within the pouch during manufacture . or in a vacuum-formed recess in the same sheet with the other smaller recesses, but to be covered by a rupturable membrane.

In either instance, the water is released by rupturing its container, or its cover, just prior to insertion of the pouch in a dispenser. Start-up chemical reaction is delayed until such time as the water . has dissolved the powdered, loose reagent and the capsule containing the other reagent to allow the reagents to react and generate gas. From that point on, the peeling back of the small sheet to expose successive quantities of the reagent in the small recesses proceeds as in Patent Specification No. 51803.

. In the manufacture of any of the foregoing structures, the handling of the reagents must be carefully controlled. Using them in capsule form adds to the costs because of the expense of the capsules. Different start-up pressures are required to dispense different products from different dispensers, and this requires the availability of a large inventory of combinations of capsules of different size or different content of one of the reagents. In addition, using one of the chemicals in powder form during the assembly of the pouch structure may cause excessive dust in the assembly plant. Furthermore, it is desirable to be able to control, fairly accurately, the length of time between initiation of the start-up reaction and the time the reaction itself begins to cause gas to be formed.

The present invention provides a fluid-impervious selfinflatable sealed pouch as disclosed in Patent Specification No. 51803. The sealed pouch contains separately compartmented first and second gas-generating reagents which, upon admixture in successive discrete quantities, generate gas, causing the pouch to expand gradually from an initial collapsed condition to a fully expanded condition. In accordance with this invention, two envelopes are provided in a fluid-impervious self-inflatable sealed pouch to receive materials for initiating a gas-forming chemical reaction. The starting material in a first one of the envelopes is water or an aqueous solution of one of the chemical reagents, and this first envelope is made of material that is impervious to the liquid in the envelope but ruptures in response to mechanical pressure. A second starting envelope holds either a dry mixture of both the reagents used to start the reaction or a quantity of the second reagent in dry form, depending on whether the first starting envelope contains water or a solution of the first reagent.

In the latter event, the second envelope contains sufficient of the second reagent to carry the gas forming reaction to completion. The second envelope is made of polyvinyl alcohol, which is soluble within a predetermined time in the liguid in the first envelope. The envelopes are disposed in superimposed relation against one another.

It is one of the objects of this invention to provide an inflatable pouch which can be completed and then stored indefinitely and which will begin to inflate at a predetermined time after component parts inside the pouch have been manipulated or otherwise activated to initiate a gas-forming chemical reaction.

Another object is to provide a pouch in which the chemical reagents are separated by a barrier that dissolves in water or other solvent in a controlled length of time.

Still further objects may become apparent to those skilled in the art after reading the following specification and the drawings.

In the accompanying drawings: Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a dispenser containing a pouch according to the present invention; Fig, 2 is a simplified schematic diagram illustrating the manufacture of a pouch utilizable in the dispenser shown in Fig. 1 and not corresponding to the claimed pouch of the present invention; Fig. 3 and 3A illustrate the pouch slitting step in the method of manufacture depicted in Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is an enlarged plan view of a pouch assembled in accordance with the method of Fig. 2; Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along lines io 5-5 of Fig. 4; Fig. 6 is an enlarged plan view of another configuration of a pouch in accordance with the present invention; Fig. 7 is a longitudinal section taken along lines 15 7-7 of Fig. 6; and Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of an assembly method for forming the pouch in accordance with the present invention.

Fig. 1 shows a conventional dispensing container 20 10 of the aerosol type that has a cylindrical body 11, an inwardly dished bottom 12, and a bell-shaped top 13. The components just described can be fabricated from any suitable material, such as thin gauge aluminum or other metal, or even plastic, depending on the product to be dispensed and on any governing safety specifications that might be involved. A valve assembly 14 of conventional . design is mounted in the bell-shaped top 13. The valve assembly includes a plunger and spray head, or nozzle 15 that carries a spray orifice 16. A mounting cup 17 attaches the valve assembly 14 to the bell-shaped top 13, and an intake member IB extends downwardly within the interior of the bell-shaped top. Within the . container 10 is a liquid product 19 and a pouch 20 within which pressure is generated to inflate the pouch to expel the product 19 when the nozzle 15 is actuated.

When a substantial portion of the product 19 has been dispensed through thenozzle, the pouch 20 will have inflated so 15. that it almost completely fills the cylindrical interior of the dispenser 10. When that occurs, it is possible for the intermediate portion of the. pouch to press against the interior wall of the cylindrical body 11, trapping some of the product 19 in the lower part of the dispenser adjacent the dished bottom 12. In order to 20. prevent that, a hollow tube 21, optionally with several openings 21a spaced along its length is supported longitudinally along the inner surface of the cylindrical body 11 by any conventional means (not shown). Any entrapped portion of the product 19 adjacent the bottom of the dispenser 10 can be forced upwardly through the tube 21 by the normal inflationary pressure of the pouch 20.

Fig. 2 illustrates the manner in which pouch 20 of Fig. 1 is assembled. The assembly begins with a roll 23 of a Euitable plastic material consisting of one or more plies.

Polyethylene and polypropylene have the desired strength and . flexibility and sheets of such materials can be vacuum-formed and heat-sealed, but because of their alight porosity should be laminated with a vapor barrier layer. For example, a sheet of two layers of low-density polyethylene or polypropylene with an intermediate vapor barrier of another plastic material, such as . saran, or of aluminum foil can be used. The low-density polyethylene may vary from about 0.5 (0.016 mm) to about 20mils (0.5 mm) in thickness and the polypropylene from about 0.1 (0.0025 mm):to about 3.75 mils (0.095 mm) or more. If the vapor barrier is metal foil, it is desirable that it be placed between the plastic layers to prevent it from reacting with . either the product to be dispensed or the gas-forming reagents.

Releasable seals are normally effected between non-homogeneous or relatively incompatible materials, such as polyethylene to polypropylene. Permanent or non-releasable seals are effected between homogeneous or relatively compatible materials, such as . polyethylene to polyethylene or polypropylene to polypropylene, which technique is well-known in the art. Such seals are normally made by applying sufficient heat to the areas to be joined together, but other permanent and releasable sealing methods can be carried out by using appropriate separate conventional and well-known ad25. hesive compositions, if desired. 4617 Plastic material from roll 23 will be referred to herein as the base material 24 because other components of the pouch are deposited on or formed in it. Base member 24 is moved generally horizontally in the direction of the arrow 26 by . standard conveying means (not shown) and 'passes first through a station 27 in which the base material is heated and vacuum formed to produce several recesses, including two relatively large side by side recesses 28, 33 and a diagonal row of smaller recesses 29 (see also Fig. 4). The latter row is at an angle to the longi- . . tudinal direction of the base material 24 for a reason to be described later.

After leaving the station 27, the base material 24 is delivered to a second station 31 that includes dispensing apparatus 32 to dispense either water or an aqueous solution of one of the . gas-forming reagents into recess 33. The station 31 also includes dispensing means 34 that in the embodiment shown has the same number of outlets 36 as the number of recesses 29. The purpose of the dispensing means 34 is to dispense one of the gas-forming chemical reagents, preferably in the form of an aqueous solution, . into each of the recesses 29. This may be the same reagent dispensed into the recess 33, but it is not necessarily tbe same nor is it necessarily at the same concentration. In fact, the amounts or concentrations dispensed into the recesses 29 need not all be identical but can be chosen to generate the proper amount of . gas at each stage, when the structure is finally put into use in a dispenser.

After leaving the station 31, base material 24 is delivered to the next station 3? where dispensing means 38 dispenses into recess 28 the second chemical reagent, in dry form. The reagent . placed in recess 28 may be only one of the gas-forming materials or it could be a mixture of both oi the gas-forming reagents, i.e., the total stoichiometric amount of one of said reagents and a partial start-up quantity of the other reagent, the balance of the latter reagent being contained in recesses 29. Packaging both . ingredients together in recess 28 as described has the advantage that when water or the agueous solution from the recess 33 contains both reagents in recess 28, a faster start-up reaction is provided.

From station 37, base material 24 passes to a station 39 at which covers 41, 46 and 43 in the form of films are placed over reels. esses 28, 29 and 33. The cover 41 placed over the recess 28 is severed from roll 42 of water-soluble plastic film or the like. In particular, it has been found that a partly hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol having a thickness of about 1.0 (O.O254mm) to 4.0 mils (0.1 mm) preferably 2.0 mils (0.05 mm), is especially suitable as the material for cover 41 because it is . cold water soluble. However, other types of PVA film which are hot water soluble can also be used, e.g., for activation as assembled dispenser can 10 is passed through a hot water bath to heat up the can. Such material is fed from roll 42 to the proper region to cover the recess 28, and a piece of the roll is cut off to provide . cover 41. Cover 43 to enclose recess 33 is cut from film supplied by another roll 44, and a sheet 46 to cover recesses 29 is cut from film supplied by third roll 47. The films of rolls 44 and 47 are water impervious and water resistant.

Base material 24, with covers or lids 41, 43 and 46 on it . passes to the next station 48 at which respective heat sealing devices 49a, b and c and corresponding lower members 51 (one shown) seal the perimeters of covers 41, 43 and 46 to base material 24 around the perimeters of the recesses 28, 33 and 29, respectively. Base material 24 and cover 46 are appropriately laminated to be - releasably sealed to one another and permanently sealed to pouch walls 61 and 63. As in either of the aforementioned latent Specifications Bos. 51803 and 50492, the locations of the sealed portions of cover 46 to base material 24 are spaced outwardly from recesses 29 so that when the structure being manufactured . is later put into use and cover 46 is peeled away from the base material 24, the recesses 29 will be exposed one at a time.

As is well known to those skilled in the art, the time, pressure and temperature involvedin this heat sealing operation depends on the particular plastic films being used and the physical . integrity of the seal reguired for liquid and gas impermeability and the optimum characteristics required for the desired shelf life of the finished pouch assembly.

Base material 24 with the enclosed reagents may be stored on a reel for later incorporation in a pouch, or may be slit into . individual inserts immediately after leaving the sealing station 48.

In the latter case, the sheet oi base material 24 passes through a cutting station 52 where rotary circular blades 53, 54 and 55 slit the edge portions 56, 57 and center line 57a of the sheet of base material 24. Knife 58, only a fragmentary portion of which is . shown, separates each incremental section of the base material 24 transversely from the remainder of the sheet of base material 24 to form severed inserts 59a, 59b which are passed along to next station 60.

At station 60, inserts 59a and 59b are fed between an upper sheet 61 of pouch wall material from a roll 62 . and a lower sheet 63 of pouch wall material from a roll 64. At station 66, heat sealing devices 67 and 68 form a longitudinal separation seal 69 between insert 59a and upper sheet 61.

Seal 69 is effected by a proper correlation of time, temperature and pressure, depending on the particular film being used and such correlation can readily be determined by those . skilled in the art. In general, the temperature used will usually be within about - 10°K (-5.6°C) of the temperature of the other heat sealing effected at station 48 for the inserts 59a and 59b.

Seal 69 determines the pressure of release of cover 46 from recesses 29.

. The final station in the pouch assembly apparatus is station 71 at which heated presses 72 and 73 heat-seal the sheets 62 and 63 sufficiently to form a perimeter seal 74 that outlines a pouch. Although the pouch shown in station 71 appears to be separated quite widely from the assembly of components in station 66, in actual operation as formed the pouches will be immediately adjacent each other.

After being sealed in station 71, the edges 76 and 77 . of the sheets 62 and 63 may be cut off by rotary circular slitting wheels 78 and 79 and the pouches may then either be slit apart transversely by cutting means 80 to be handled individually or they may be kept in attached form so as to be rolled up on a roll 81 as shown.

. Figs. 3 and 3A show the arrangement of base material as it leaves station 48 and enters the slitting operation at station 52. Covers 41, 43 and 46 are sealed entirely around the perimeters of respective recesses 28, 33 and 29. Preferably, the entire portion of each of these covers IS. that overlap base material 24 is sealed thereto. In the case of cover 43 it is imperative that it retain the liquid in recess 33 until the proper time for that liquid to be released. Otherwise, the liquid might reach cover 41 and begin to dissolve it prematurely.

In the case of cover 46, it is desirable that recesses . 29 be exposed one at a time during use. Thus it is desirable that cover 46 be peeled away from base material 24 starting at one end of the line of recesses 29 and proceeding toward the other or starting at end edge 82 and proceeding toward the opposite edge 83. By providing a sufficiently large area of adherence of cover . 46 to base material 24, the desired subsequent peeling operation can 617 be accomplished smoothly.

Fig. 3A shows inserts 59a and 59b as severed from the remainder of base material 24. Central slit 84 is cut all the way through the assembly by rotary cutter 55 at station 52 (Fig. 2, . to separate it into independent members 59a and 59b. This separation is reguired to facilitate peeling sheet 46 away from the remainder of the insert when the insert is later put into use in the pouch.

Fig. 4 shows inserts 59a and 59b sealed into pouch 20. 10. The overall size of the pouch 20, as defined by the perimeter seal is determined by the size of the dispenser in which it will be placed. However, inserts 59a and 59b may be approximately of the same overall size for a variety of different sizes of pouches. Although larger pouches may require that more gas be . produced, this can be accomplished by changing the concentration of the reagents, or by a mold change to produce a large- cavity, particularly in the recesses 29, although it is also necessary that there be sufficient reagent in one of the starting recesses 28 and 33 to form a chemical equivalent with the other reagent, . whether that reagent be in the other starting recess or the same starting recess and in the additional recesses 29. In any case, it is desired that the final admixture of all of the reagents when pouch 20 has been substantially fully inflated, provide sufficient pressure within the dispenser 10 (Fig. 1) to expel the final . portion of product 19 with adequate dispensing force. The concentration of the reagent in recesses 29 can be calculated back from that point so that, as the reagent in each of the recesses is made available in turn to be mixed with the remainder of the other reagent available from previous admixing, the amount . of gas generated will be sufficient to continue the expansion of the pouch, as the product is expelled, far enough to open up the next recess 29 or to complete the expulsion of the product if the inflation of the pouch has reached the final stage.

Fig. 4 shows the location of the separation seal 69 . that is established in station 66. This seal is adjacent recesses 29 and along the edge portion 82 of sheet 46, and it is by this seal that the sheet 46 is permanently joined to the sheet or upper sheet 61 of pouch 20. Correspondingly, and directly beneath seal 69 is a similar seal between the portion of base material 24 and . lower sheet 63 of the pouch 20. These aligned seals, though separate, are referred to collectively as the separation seal.

The purpose of separation seal 69 is to provide control over the opening of recesses 29 so that it occurs in sequence one at a time rather than two or more recesses 29 opening simultaneously during . expansion of the pouch in use and to permanently attach the insert 59a to pouch 20 to cause opening of recesses 29 as pouch 20 expands.

In Fig. 5 the thicknesses of the sheets of material in the pouch 20 are greatly exaggerated to make their component layers . visible. Upper sheet 61 and lower sheet 63 must be firmly bonded together to make the pouch absolutely gas-tight. As a result, lower layer 86 of the upper sheet 61 and the upper layer 87 of the lower sheet 63 juxtaposed therewith are of compatible material capable of forming a permanent seal. For example, both layers 86 and 87 . can be of polyethylene or both of polypropylene. Outer layers 88 and 89 are not required to be sealed to anything and therefore need not be compatible. They provide protection for respective central barrier layers 91 and 92 and increase the strength of the pouch walls.

. Lower layer 93 of base material 24 that has become a carrier member for the chemical materials in the various recesses, of which only recess 33 and some of the recesses 29 are shown in Fig. 5, must bond strongly to the layer 87 by separation seal 69.

The other part of the separation seal is between the top layer . 94 of the cover 46 and the bottom layer 86 of the pouch wall 61.

The bond between the layers 86 and 94 must also be strong, and it is appropriate for all of layers 86, 87, 93 and 94 to be of the same material, such as all polyethylene or all polypropylene to form permanent seals where the bonding must be strong.

. It is equally important that the bond between upper layer of base material 24 and lower, juxtaposed layer 97 of cover 46 be releasable when pouch 20 inflates. Thus, it is desirable for the layers 96 and 97 to be relatively incompatible, such as, for example, one of polyethylene and the other of polypropylene, or some chemical additive may be employed to form a peelable seal therebetween.

Cover 43 must be rupturable but, until it is ruptured, it must be impermeable to liquid in the recess 33. Thus a single layer of non-porous material that can be bonded liquid-tight and permanently to layer 96 is sufficient. It must be insoluble . in the liguid solvent in recess 33.

The quantities and concentrations of reagents in recesses 28, 29 and 33 vary according to the start-up pressure required and the final pressure and volume when pouch 20 is fully inflated. Typically, it is desired that the maximum pressure . generated in the container-11 in Fig. 1 be not more than about 140 psig (>vlO bars) - 20% at an ambient temperature of about 20°C for a container 11 capable of withstanding an internal pressure of about 180 psig (13 bars). For a specific example, the material placed in recess 33 may be a 20% solution of citric acid in water, and the . material placed in recesses 29 at the same time may be a 50% solution of citric acid in water. The material placed in recess 28 may be beaded sodium bicarbonate in an amount sufficient to be a chemical equivalent of all of the citric acid.

Figs. 6 and 7 show an alternate embodiment of insert . 100, PVA packet 101 and burnstable bag 102, corresponding to inserts 59a and 59b of Fig. 4. In Figs. 6 and 7 insert 100 carries diagonal reagent containing recesses 103 similar to recesses 29 of the Fig. 4 embodiment. Separation seal 104 corresponds to a. seal 69 of Fig. 4. Instead of solvent and start-up recesses 33, . 28 as shown in Fig. 4, the Figs. 6 and 7 embodiment has separate water soluble PVA bag, or envelope 101 containing reagent material and additional separate bag or envelope 102 containing the solvent with or without the other reagent material. Envelopes 101 and 102 may be disposed in pouch 105 in superimposed relation as shown in Fig. 7.

. Pouch 105 has top and bottom sheets 106,'107 respectively which are heat sealed at their contacting peripheries 108 as in the previously described embodiment.

In another alternative to the vacuum formed recess 28 (Fig. 2) and PVA envelope 101 (Fig. 7), the one reagent such as sodium . bicarbonate may be spray coated or otherwise encased in a layer of water soluble PVA in finely divided or compacted form such as small beads and disposed in the interior of the pouch for contact by the solvent in the same time sequence as with the other two embodiments.

An assembly method for a pouch pursuant to the present invention is shown in Fig. 8 and utilizes web 120 fed from supply roll 121 to a conveyor belt 122 which conveys the web through a plurality of assembly stations as shown. At an initial station feed chutes 123, 124 deliver insert 125 containing the plurality of staggered 20 recesses 126 (similar to Figs. 3 and 6), and water-containing burstable envelope 127 and water soluble PVA envelope 128 respectively to one side of the longitudinal center one line of web 120. Insert 125 is ’tacked or heat sealed to web 120 by any conventional tacking device 129 to hold it in place.

Web 120 is then folded over along its center line by a mandrel or other device 130 to cover insert 126 and envelopes 127, . 126. Separation weld 131 is applied and the three open edges 132, 133, 134 are then heat sealed and severed transversely to separate the pouch assembly 135 which is then delivered to a can assembly station or storage.

Alternatively the web may, at or just prior to the initial . station, be folded along its longitudinal center line by a mandrel or other device (not shown) to provide a flat portion for receiving insert 125 and envelopes 127, 128, and a generally upright or vertical portion which remains in said upright position until folded down by mandrel 130. Such arrangement permits a more . compact assembly line lateral dimension.

The above description exemplifies the novel and nonobvious contribution to the art by the present invention. A simpler pressure start-up has been provided, minimizing inventions of start-up reagent materials for different operating pressures, providing 20 greater reliability of operation of the pressure generating package and greater and more reliable shelf life.

Claims (2)

CLAIMS:

1. A fluid-impervious self-inflatable sealed pouch caiprising separately compartmented first and second gas generating reagents which, upon admixture in successive discrete quantities, 5 generate gas, causing the pouch to expand gradually from an initial collapsed condition to an ultimately fully expanded condition, a mechanically rupturable solvent-containing first envelope being disposed within said pouch and containing a measured quantity of one of said reagents dissolved inliquid, a second 10 envelope of liquid-soluble polyvinyl alcohol containing the other said reagents, said envelopes being disposed in superimposed relation against one another, and said first envelope being mechanically rupturable by external pressure on said pouch to release the liquid solution therein into contact with said soluble polyvinyl alcohol envelope to 15 dissolve the same and bring said first and second reagents, into contact with one another to initiate said gas generation.

2. A fluid-impervious self-inflatable sealed pouch according to claim 1, substantially as hereinbefore described with particular reference to and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.