HUE028255T2 - Forced-flow steam generator for using at steam temperatures of above 650°c - Google Patents

Description

Faréért- Haw Hessin gesseratpr for sssing at steam temperatures«I above 650ΰ€:

The famnûm-Mms us aonce-through stimm generator forthe »$<»ί efjsteem.'lftmperatures of above $$(r5C, ke osrcsffinotsgb: steam gmmtot having: â eqmbustibh dhsmhen ilös gsspnss «d'âejh adjoins the appoi sud M saisi combustion: chenrher, and eocksare Walls which eftkose them, fi® ëbcloàqi^ walk baírtg formeil írom tube walls, ke tubes of which conduct ke working medium watcr/steam, the emubustka chamber having at. least one burner, and heating surfaces being arranged in the line gas pass. O!»«eathrou^^earo:^g|^^ are known hsam the publica;ion ''Rmilwerksieolmkß (Power plant tschnnkgy], SprkgeWVeriag, 2nd edition 19§4, chapter 4:4,1,4 - Forced ÜöW (paps: Ilf id 114), Froh, Dr.dpg?: fiàïiStraub, and are used la power plants to generate elecffic energy by burning, for example, fossil fuels, In a oncedhtougli Steah:? generator, iheheating of the tube wails or enclosure walla which formthe combustion chamber or the gas fins leads, la contrast to a natural circulation or ikreid; geoetafor With only partial evaporation of the watedsieaot mixture conducted in the elpÄbmr, to ah evapmstiou of the Dow or working medium in the tubes of the lobe walls or enclosure walls in a single througlvfiow.

The gmmtmwM Higher degrees of efficiency, which forced··

Sew- Äh* tó^-'ktrdlacsdá« speciSc ßÖijOhltssioä: mto the atmosphere, leads, utter all»* to the increase sitntm generator, Achieving or realizing higher steam,

parameters, ihat is to say higher pressures and temperatures of the 'working medium steam at the outlet of the onee-through steam generator (fresh steam outiét), rttakes high requirements of the ujutnrkd concept of the once-ihrough steam generator. Once-through smatugenerators with steam parameters of approximately 240 bar/600cC (fresh steam parameters) represent the current prior art. Here, the highly loaded parts (oblique winding and perpendicular bore) of the enclosure wdlfe: which are configured as Orbs Walls are made with the spseial nsateriais T23 (a msteml which is approved by the: ASME (American Society Of Mechshiek Engineers)), T24 (7C'rMö¥'fÍÖH>-i0) or other materials with a similar chemical composition which all hdkn|;k fho eategoty of modified, heat-resistant 2.25-2,5% chromium steels, Tire-material T23 is listed, f#: '$fcÜk: fÜîtÎV material sheet 511/2, edition 06.2001 and:thé: Rtaîeml 124: is listed, for example, m lie slsndSrd specification sheet DIN EN 10216-2, «Ikon October 2007. These materials have the advantage that they are especially Suitable for the abovernentioned steam parameters and that: they oan be welded without thermal post-treatosent, and therefore the production of the enclosure walls or tube walls and their -assembly on the constfuntidt? site cap be carried out simply.

Um -ço»; ·ά:Ι:»...&amp;Γάι^':Ιΐηρη>\>«βϊβΐ5ΐ of the degree of efficiency, Oikb-tetuglt steam generators with ey^:;3|gjte hkiki^aiaksrs are desired, such as With ::350 bar/7(HTC (fresh steam parameters), the steam tfemprattmé" 'ihl'Tbfel^tSRé the associated design temperature in the enclosure walls of the sieara generator rise Ibrther, At said Increased: enclosure: wall tempenttures, however, the abbYcmeniiosed materials T23, T24 or other maiénak with a similar chemical composition are no longer scííictem with regard to their strength parameters. Possible tttmemls for said kemased enclosure wait temperámra. are madensjhp 4-125¾ chtmmitua steels such as ftl (XlSErMo^NW^), f92 (X K>CrWMoVNb<i-2 i and VMXmm fmmpwe®; des|p:tion of thë alloys sud- as Alloy 617 (NPiIlCôlâMo) :#

Alloy Alfrmod (NiCrgdCofgMs mod). 11« gbove^s&amp;Kgd ;mai;sldtak arc specified fer (hé greatest part ih mstenal sheds, fér example (he ma&amp;sial Ili in the Vd'FÖV material sheel SI I/2. edition 06,2.009: te matériái T92 in the V-tiXOV matériái sheet :55272, edition 03MM' the material Ahoy 617 in the VtiTW material sheet 485; ediűos:09/2001 and ti-s materi# TIMiS m the VdTUV material sheet 56(1¾ edition 03/2009,

Ifmartensiile 9-12?h ehroinkm steels or M-based alloys: are used fist the enclosure walls, compUcatedimanuiactnritig ax# assembly operations are .necessary. The martensitic 9* 12¾¾ chromium steels have to he thexrnoily ixeaied nfier the weldmg # (lie svottóöp:'^':teÍBi:ffe«'»setól8|f*Wi&amp;&amp;:'!Ít4 special tempd'ing furnaces are requsxed in the workshop and special annealing hoses are required on the installation she. Excessively gxent sbrinkirsg processes have to be coped with during the manufacture and/or assembly of Hibáséi alloys. In addition, there is the fact in the ease of the Ni-based alloys that, their procurement costs are considerably higher than those of steels. Higher costs axe therefore to be expected for both of these solutions, as far &amp;s bodi:#e coats of the tMlefials and the manufacturing axtd assembly costs are concerned.

As has already been mentioned ttbovc, natural circulation and forced circulation steam generators am also #mwn In addition to the enee-throngh steam generators, .teircttlailöB.''or eircPldtien steam: generators with sohcfltic# stpant parametera, only a defined qdantlty of heat can be absorbed by the evaporator of the: steam g«^ite,:'.|aii:':föítpíity of heat is defined by the operating pressure of the plant. As a result of the properties of the fuel (ash eompostHon:-teion-prt^nt6$'df:teÄ},#?'qM«tibi? of heat to be transierred from the combnál ion in tbc firing chamber in thé epnisnstion ehambur can he higher than that which can be absorbed by the evaporator. Platen heating mrfitces haye them been used in oireniation steam generators, is order to limit the tptttity of heal to be transferred. to the evaporator aad/or to: emit the excess quantity of hé# tofhe; piaién heating surface. In contrast to the hahtrai. etreuMon at# férced circulationsteam generators., the he# Äptplpn: is nos limited in doxice through steam generator in its evaporator* sines "te .pediom temperature:at tire evaporator outiét is already superheated during forced-flow operation and the level of the superheating can be1 fixed: variably The associated tenîperature level of the steam or the corrcspondtng design temperature in: the eacldsme walls is controlled by a suitable materia] selection: with respect to the enclosure walls.

Documeru USS146878 discloses a steam generator according to she prior at*.

It is thpif ah; Pbject of the mventfeü: PMd-teoagh steam generator for the use of steam tempera!ures ;>f above PSiTCf ih which once-thnmgh steam generator the abovermmtiom# disadvantages are avoided or. with F&amp;ffêçt tp-te-^ic1ô§il0.:^#ls'-'ôr the tubè^É^d« Oncedhmagh· sfêteigfôtsiate, simple manufacturing at# assenibly processes: a#::!:«: be parried out rather ÖÄ complicated tmes: which are difficult to control.

The aboyementioned dbiecf is achieved by the entirety of the features offateui Claim T. Advantageous rehuements of the invention ctmM lathered from the suljeteims.

The solution according to the Hvenlien provides: A dime-through steam pnerator for the use of steam températures of above 6HAÇ. which ouee-dirotigh steam generator has the following advantages; « avoids»«« of a complicated mauu&amp;eturing and assembly concept for the enclosure walls of the οηβο* tlwough: steam generator; - reduction of material costs and mamtiactming and assembly costs for the enclosure wails of ti# ease- through sîéam geseïstof ; ~ savtnpos the asg of mmeÄgdiunaces and hcmmmüá thdrioparatisf· costs,

Qm sdv^gapôusieHîbedlmssî provides: that the platen iheating smiiM which covers part ôf tL· enelesttre: walls In the region of the combustion -iämbsr is arranged between: the arppar edge oif te appermbW Iteer and Őse lower edge #;Éc KM\«nao§tldwast!^:àMÉBi:S?»r&amp;i«ej. As a result «fil measure, a defined regies of the Combastion ehtewr 1-¾ coyg*sd by way of a gbne» Iwating surface, a!: which regies a large part of be heat Would eberwiss pss e?a of tia combustion chamber to die enclosure wads said would îàçi^ôib^i^dmteBiperâî'pe: in thecÄte wall and dta wail temperate iasaeh sway that higher quality materials would have to He used.

fe rate ndvaniageons retirteeat of she hsventfen, at least part of the enclosure wails is farmed Worn one of the materials T2T T24 or another ateflai With a similar chemical composition. liera.,: at bast that párt of the enclosure walls is configured wish the abeyemeHtioaed materials Which Is thermally loaded highly Of more highly iota she remaining pan of the eneldsiM Wplis. The materials 1¾ T34 or mother Catena! with 0 similar ehemkal compositum are high-qnafify mtelals; which are commercially available ttod satisfy the desired requirements or ob which no thermal poxt-ncatmenl has to be carried out after they have been weidM

One advantageous embodiment pf the invention provides for the platers beating sutfgee to be formed or prodtäoed from martensitic materials with a 9- = 2.% chromium proportion, austenitic materials of idckeldbassd alloys, This ensures that, widryeprd to the temperatxtres, the requirements made of ép jdated heating: curiae« which lies exposed in dît combustion chamber are satisfied.

It is advantageous thai: the pisWn heatmg: sneíheo is configured as a superheater heating surface or a rehete heating sorte, w into the waWristeutn: clrcnit of the poee-iW8ti|h steam pnstatoe or Ito the wmst/PWam étert of a power piaöt Wh ich comprises a once-through steam generator of this type.

One advantageous embodiment provides that the platen heating surface ts arranged parallel io the enclosure wall. This achieves a situation whet« the platen hearting surface is arranged verticaliy just like the enclosure wall and affords as small as postals!« an action surface for ash Of cinder ifom the combustion chamber.

One expedient embodiment provides thai the platen heating; snrSec runs such that it bears against the enclosure wall. This ensures thai the enclosure wail is Covered as satisfactorily as possible by the platen heating surface and fisc smallest possible quantity of heat passes to the enclosure wail.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are described in greater defail below using the description: and the drawing, in which: fig, 1 diapimmaiiealiy shows m longlfaiinal section: through h mwediwangh steam generator according to the Invention, and |g> 2 shows the same as figure 1, but in m alternative ernhodimeni. flgpto Î diagmmnwtlcally shôW§.;b:0fieë4ipôgh::Âp:.:iëôÂpf î (designation mestts the same, namely the generation of the steam within the Steam generator ist one pass) of tower design., that is to say the tithe wails S (as enciosnre walls 4) and all the besting surfaces 7 are sccofruruxiated on or in a single vertical gas due. The vertical gas Hue which is formed or delimited by gasligi-t enelosore walls 4 contains, in its lower régióul the eomhnstlors ebsmber 2 and the flue gas pass 3 which adpus above said combustion chamber 2, the combustion chamber 3 fern-instes to dm bottom as s safe wife a combustion chamber hopper tun; reaches upward as far m she lowermost heating tauface ?. One or more burners 0 for burning a fossil fuel ara arranged fa -be iowsr region pif the «nnhustio» chamber % The bnmats ft can bs arranged either in the rnnrntt (corner btsrners) nr Is tint walls (wail burners) of the eombmaion chamber 2, The various heating surfaces ? are arranpd as convection hearing surfaces la the flue gas pass 3. Said heating surfaces Ί arc a* a rate economiaer heating surfaces, superheater heating surfaces and rehe&amp;ter bearing surfaces. The line gas pass 3 terminates af the tog with u celling and has a flue gas outlet § Istersilv at its upper end

According to the in vendon, the oncs-through steam generator 1 bas at !e®i one pMsn beating surface É which covers past of the enclosure: wails 4 in; the region of the. combustion chamber 2 and the surface-side siac of which is defined such that the heat absoqwiton of the enclosure wads 4 and* as a consequence, their tempernfttre are reduced to a vainc which proms the configuration of tbc enclosure wail 4 hoot modified, heat-ifSSÄht: Ä15Ü ehroonun· steels: which do not: require: any tenal sost-tresMenf after they ikve been processed using welding techmdogy , In other words*: tbc plafen heating surface 8, which «overs: the enclosure wall 4: id flip taglóit Of the combustion chamber 2: With a predefined surface-side size, absorbs so ntueh beat from the epihbustlpn ehtfthber 2 that the: best absorption of the enclosure wail 4 is reduced ax i consequence of die covering, ln: such U Why Ihat thé nmximum medium temperature at; the enclosure wall: 4 remains below a value: which: ailows ihe use of modified*: heat-res istanr 2.25-3.1% chromium steels which do not require: any thermal ppst-tenfetft ahuf dieschaye bcen ppiecssed using welding lechnology. limy can be, lor example, the tnalertals T22 (a material which Is approved by the ASMS. (American: Society of Mechanical Engineers)), '04: (7Ç|rMpVTiB 10-1 ¢1) Or stiothcr material w'ftft. « similar cbetftieai eornposifton which can cover Steam tetopemmrps up m agpiAxiniamiy athf which m listed, for example. in the brochure 'The T23/D4

Book, Hew Grades for Waterw&amp;Hs and ftnprheaters from Vallourec &amp; Mannesman« Tubes'" (brochure about modified, Itcat-reslsfant 2J5-3J% enrnmium steels). As a result of the reduction In the medium temperature in dtc enclosure wall 4 by means of die pisfen heating surface ft which is arranged according to the Invention, the use of high temperature-resist« materialu seeh as haarfehsific, 9 -123» chromium-containing steels or nickel base alloys for the enclosure wall 4 -mm be dispensed with, which, after they have been processed using welding technology, would have to undergo complex thermal post-treatment (martensitic, 9-122» chromium-containing steels) or would have to undergo complex processing because of their high contraction properties (niekekbase alloys).

The high-quality materials which are trow used and do not require any therms! post-treatment after they htwe been processed teg: welding technology or which do not require complex processing can either be ttsed everywhere on the enclosure wall 4 op according to one eommemlaliy more advantageous variant, at least at those parts of the enclosure Walls 4 where thé high 'thermal loading makes It necessary. They are, tor example, the regions at the banters: ft: and1 directly above: tits barbers, 6 within the eombtssilon çltamber 2. In order to reduce the itt vestment: costs In comparison: with the: abovemeniloned high-quality materfate, lower-quality material», such as ]6Mo3 m 130MMS, m mê. M thôss parts of the cuciosure walls 4 where the teng! loading is lower, such as in the lower part of the combustion chamber 2: fheiow the btsrncrs b including combustion chamber itoppr) with medium: temperada-es of approximately A 4öÖ-4bff€ út fhe tube walls. Said rnmerlalx likewise do not require any thermal post-treatment after they have been processed' using welding technology or do nor require further complex processing.

The euelosare wads 4 which sre soATgured m Abe walls S sî« |»»s#up*d as a· n# írom &amp; welded lube·weAtube eombbuAeu, the tubes of Ae tube wslfs S conAretAg the working owdium mi &amp; being possible for Aetb A be fenéd wlihíu Ae «notesz wads: 4. either Iwlieally or vertically w- ihm a KaéMöit of helically ásd veAeaMy. The Abes which are arranged la Ae enclosure: walls 4 s used in Ae löwör ami; midAe part of Ae eombustloo ehsntlM 2 m evaporator lubes, thai k to say Ae svater whieh is: idd: A mai preheamd is evapotuted ;« said evaporator tubes. In tire upper pan of the combustion chamber 2 widen bas perpendicular tubes as s raie, Ae tubes which m Areoged A èi etudes«« wall 4 can already Iso counseled as a superheater heaArg soHkce,

The platen heaAtg stuhice I Itself wbiel Aeo absorbs past of Ills beat ft Ah the eASboston. chamber 2, is formed ttsmg suitable materials according; to iM ϊ4ψΜη&amp;Μ<·. Säue« very high temperatures bave A: be bandied, tnartenshie A12% cfwonAmueoninlAhg stéels^ austenitic Steels or tîiekeb based alloys have proven to be stitiabls Hr ibis purpose, They can be, Hr «sample, Ae motisnsMé matertelS:T9l f XiOGfMo VHb?-1:), T92; {XWCfWmVM&amp;U or VMÍ2-SHC, Ae austemiid steels fUEEIl §041% HR3G, :DMV3ö4HCA OMV3HHN or oiekAbased alloys such as Alloy hi? íXiGtóSCbldfe) Or Alloy bliîmod feGf23Coi2;Ah mod), Tb«: piaién heating surlhce &amp; cm eonsiih of Individual tubes, which An snugged close to one anoAer and, is: parallel, or of a tuhe-web-tube construction. Ili« tubes of Ae platen heating sttfface 8 nth as ;? rule horAootafly within -be heating «Ai», but can. also run vertically .

The pltden heating: surlass 8 is grefemhh arranged parallel; A thé: enclosure: mil 4 and more preferably so as to bear against the to». This armpgcruem ensures that :Ae: epciosttre wäll: if covered very efilgieotly by Ae flat«». heating surface 8, arid: Site Pansnnssion of heat to the enclosure wall 4 Is thereAre suppressed as Ar as possible, Figur«: 2: shows one advantageous varAm of Ae piateu heating surAce 8 according to Ae iuventioti. Here, Ae enclosure wail 4 and Abe wad 5, winch as a Md cMtAh A« foA and rear walls and two side walls of Ae ottce-ibrough steam genereAh are covered pattlAly by one of Amu pisfen heaAsg surfas«« 8 in Ae region of Ae eotfetsPoc chamber^, to be precise between A« tipper ëdpof thé upperenost burner 6 and the lower edge of Ae lowermost heating surface 7 (the region: is marked or denoted by >4S''! in figure 2 b one platen beating surlsce 8: hemp arranged on each Individonl tube wäll, Ast Is A Ay a foAl of Aar, aeeording to fjpre A As a result of Ae targeted arrangemeA: of the platen beating suriaee 8 speeliealiy in Ais region of Ae eombnstAn eAutspm 2, Aat region of Ae enclosure waif 4 or ttAo wail 8 WiAA Ae combustion chamber 2 which is bodest m a rule can be covered m 4 very targeted ipattner. The platen: heatAg sttrAee t can advantageouaiy be used as a sspeAeater beating surface within the onecuhrough steam generator I, However, As us« as a reheats? heating surfe is aiso pnssMm fist of Pesignationst 1 Onee-ihrougb steam generator 2 douAnstionehantber 3 TAe gas pass 4 Enclosure wail 5 Tube wall

Claims (3)

6 Borner 7 Heating surface f Plate «beaMg surface 9 f é out let let é é é é é é é é eli eli eli eli eli eli eli eli eli eli eli eli eli eli eli eli eli ÿ ÿ ÿ ÿ ÿ ÿ ÿ ÿ sepy k) f í í í í í í í í í í í í í í í í 2 2 2 2 2 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ ikt ikt ikt ikt ikt ikt ikt ikt ikt wiöiäk'lc- # ®äi «65 which drips vfz / steam workstation &amp; m ehskaspm (| j lá lá i i i i á á á á á á á á á:::)))))))))))))) f f f f f f f f f)))))) bol bol bol el bol el el el el el el el el el legalább legalább legalább legalább legalább legalább legalább legalább legalább legalább el legalább legalább legalább legalább legalább legalább legalább legalább legalább legalább legalább legalább 8, s vars, characterized in that the arylamines are composed of a 2 kPa-2? to the area of the Ipskatsra (2) «the cover of the aliases (é :) ®iy parts of the cover« MAÍeliilet (8) and the most exemplary burner: (the 6th edge is also the blunt «tâtikagesoit blade (blown between the edges of the Ako 71). 3- The 1, claim; Gials according to Art. 1, 2, 3, 2, 3, 4, 2, 3, 4, 2, 3, 2, 3, 2, 3, 2, 3, 2, 3, 2, 3, 2, 3, 2, 3, 2, 3, 2, 3, 2, 3 at least one gGglö nest in the edge-to-edge blade pattern, and the bracket is in the top | 8) 9-12% w / w: atialine matfenzyls from steels or nickel base «Forming alloys. f * · A vapor generator according to at least one of the aperture points, characterized in that the compartment "base surface" is formed by a heat exchanger surface; % At least one of the foregoing claims is an intermediate superheater (8) of an intermediate overheating agent. % A steam generator according to at least one of the preceding claims. tismljgikmMMMMs> that the diaphragm fluid in the compartment is p) a; 8- A: at least one of the preceding claims, is a preamplifier. aum characterized in that the compartment heater is whitewashed (out of the deflection (4)).