HU184399B - Field sprayer of closed space - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a spraying device for the agrochemical treatment of row crops, wherein a tunnel-like Umhüllungsflaeche is attached to a known basic machine, which surrounds the plants in the sphere of action of the spray gun and forms a closed spray chamber. To the lower edges of the envelope surface is connected a spray liquid recovery unit connected to the spray liquid container of the basic machine. The field field testing machine according to the invention makes it possible to substantially reduce environmental pollution and chemical losses during spraying and to carry out the spraying operation in windy weather.

Description

(57) EXTRAS

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a field sprayer, in particular to field crops, such as vine, fruit and vegetable crops, which has a sprayer system consisting of a spray tank, a spray pump and a spray device mounted on a mobile base machine, and a sprinkler.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a spray-recovery unit connected to the sprayed crop surface (3), which is tunnel-shaped, arranged in the same direction as the longitudinal direction of the crop rows and connected to the spraying system of the base machine (1). Along at least a portion of the open surfaces of the spray chamber are provided air-curved nozzles (4) formed by an air-conveying unit (9).

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a field sprayer for spraying in particular field crops such as grapes, fruit and vegetables, a sprayer system for a mobile base machine comprising a spray tank, a sprayer pump and a sprayer, and a sprinkler crop surround.

At present, a significant proportion (15-50%) of the sprayed crop does not reach the crop to be protected, depending on the vegetation used, spraying, meteorological conditions and other factors when spraying crop crops (vineyards, open field vegetables, potatoes, tobacco, etc.). surface, but directly on the ground or drift. Not only does drifting chemical cause losses, it can also cause damage. Because of the risk of drifting, do not spray even in very windy weather. However, in such cases, the control of pests and pathogens cannot be carried out in good time and the vegetation is damaged.

The vast majority of currently known sprinklers spray into the open space, so there is usually no way to control the spray droplets properly, to protect them from outside environmental influences, and to capture droplets bypassing the target area. Solutions that mitigate some of the sub-problems of spraying technology, such as electrostatic spraying, are known, but do not provide a satisfactory solution.

Many sprayers use so-called shielding plates for chemical weed control to protect crops from scorching herbicides. These shields generally surround the sprayer on a double-sided, tent-like basis and direct the sprayed weed control onto the inter-row soil, while preventing the crop from reaching the crop. Such a solution can be found, for example, in U.S. Patent No. 2,306,748. French or U.S. Patent No. 2,045,592. British Patent No. 5,198,128, which, by means of an adjusting mechanism, adjusts the inclination of the shading plates. Essentially the reverse of this solution is known in U.S. Patent No. 2,439,551. In the French patent, where the sprayer sprays freely while each row of plants is surrounded by longitudinal guards along the width of the machine.

Beyond the fact that these devices are used for other purposes than spraying crop plants, but inter-row weed control, their basic disadvantage is that they do not form a closed space around the sprayed crop and are therefore not suitable for reducing chemical losses or chemicals. they are also only of limited use for their recovery and, due to their partial openness, for reducing pollution.

No. 2,398,551. A French patent describes a vegetable sprayer whose spraying mechanism sprays between inflated air cushions. The air cushions form a nearly enclosed space almost in contact with the ground, whereby the air flowing in through the openings opposite the air cushions contributes to a better distribution of the spray on the plants.

However, the rectangular, top-sealed airborne ring protrudes perpendicularly to the rows, thus folding under vegetation during operation. This limits the field of application by its very nature, since it is completely excluded in the case of higher and stiffer crops. In addition, the above equipment is not suitable for bypassing plants

It does not recover 399 moles of juice, but it also delivers significant amounts of spray mash among the rows of crops it covers simultaneously.

To reduce chemical losses, sprayers equipped with a perglee recycler are used to capture and recover some of the spray droplets passing through the target area. However, since these devices are not closed systems, they do not allow for the elimination of environmental contamination and only slightly reduce spray liquid losses.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a spraying device which, while overcoming the shortcomings of the prior art, provides maximum reduction of chemical loss and environmental pollution, and thus allows efficient spraying of crop plants with reduced water and chemical consumption and work.

According to the present invention, the object is solved by a closed-area sprayer of the type described in the be20 guide having a tunnel-shaped surface surrounding the sprayed crop, connected to its lower edges by a sprayer system connected to the base sprayer. Preferably, air curtains are provided along at least a portion of the open surfaces of the spray area delimited by the spraying surface and forming an air curtain.

The coating surface of the sprayer according to the invention thus prevents the spray from spontaneously escaping from the spraying system and ensures that the spray can only be deposited on the target surface, i.e. the vegetation or the inner surface of the coating surface. In addition, the air curtain for complete sealing of the spray area of the sprayer according to the invention further enhances environmental protection and spray recovery, which is also facilitated by a spray recovery unit attached to the bottom of the covering surface. The latter preferably comprises a collection trough along the lower edges of the covering surface, a filter and a return unit for returning the spray liquid collected in the collecting troughs to the spray system for re-use.

According to the invention, it is preferred that the cover surface is provided with an adjustable actuator adapted to the size and shape of the crop to be sprayed.

The invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which exemplify the spraying device according to the invention. Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the construction of a spray device according to the present invention; and a perspective view of the spray coating recovery unit.

As shown in Figure 1, the sprayer apparatus of the present invention consists essentially of a mobile base machine 1 with a spray tank, a spray pump, and appropriate filters and fittings, a sprinkler 2 attached thereto, a closed spray nozzle, and , which is connected to the spray tank of the base machine 1. The basic machine 1 can be self-propelled, towed, mounted

184 399 or other system planting rows 3, which are arranged in the same direction as the longitudinal direction, are connected to this base machine 1 in a cantilevered manner.

Incidentally, the spray liquid recovery unit comprises a collection trough 5, filters 6 and settlers 6 and return pumps 7 extending along the two lower edges of the casing surface. The cover surface 3 is held together by an adjusting device 8 which allows the cover surface 3 to be adapted to the size and shape of the crop. Air delivery unit, optionally connected by a fan nozzle pipes 4 are arranged along the tunnel three envelope edges to ensure a fulfilled _one sen spray closed space, which form the air curtain fan 9 is turned on. This air curtain 9 closes all the surfaces of the spray chamber where the covering elements forming the covering surface 3 cannot be used, such as below or behind the covering surface 3. The plants 10 can thus be sprayed in a completely enclosed space. These features of the sprayer of the present invention are particularly well illustrated in FIGS. FIGS.

A portion of the spray 11 sprayed by the spraying device 2 is applied directly to the crop 10 to be treated, while another portion is in contact with the inner side of the covering surface 3, deposited and then discharged into the receiving troughs 5. The collected liquid is returned to the spray tank of the base machine 1 via a filter 6 and a settler via the return pump 7. As the machine advances, the spraying device 2 sprays the plants 10 which are just surrounded by the covering surface 3.

The high quality distribution of the spray 11 is due to the velocity of travel due to the turbulence of the air flowing into the front side of the tunnel-like casing 3 and the secondary air mixing effect of the air curtain 9.

The use of the closed-field sprayer of the present invention enables:

- effective control with significantly lower levels of pesticides.

- spraying with reduced water consumption, - bypassing current high performance fans (thus saving energy).

- minimization of environmental pollution and, in parallel, the chemical load of sprayers, - agricultural cultivation and crop protection in places where this can only be done for environmental reasons (eg vineyards in Balatonvidék), carrying out work at the optimum time, - comparator, - ensuring equal conditions for biological and technical tests.

Claims (3)

PATENT CLAIMS 1. Indoor spraying equipment, in particular for field crops, such as vineyards, fruit and vegetables, which has a mobile sprayer, a sprayer, a sprayer and a sprayer having a sprinkled crop, a sprinkled crop, the surrounding wrapping surface (3) is tunnel-shaped, arranged in the same direction as the longitudinal rows of plants, and At its lower edges 25, a spray recovery unit is connected to the spray system of the base machine (1). An embodiment of the spray device according to claim 1, characterized in that at least a portion of the open surfaces of the spray area delimited by the covering surface (3) Along the line 30, air nozzles (4) forming an air curtain (9) are arranged. 3. Spraying device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the covering surface (3) is adapted to the size and shape of the crop to be sprayed. 35 are provided with adjustable adjusting means (8). 4. A spray device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the spray recovery unit comprises a collection trough (5) extending along the lower edges of the casing surface (3), filters (6), or a feed unit (1). (3 drawing, 4 drawing) Published by Technical Publisher Responsible for publication: Zoltán Himer Head of Department 86.0161 / 3 HPO Printing House, Budapest -3184399 NSO, A 01 Μ 7/00; Β 05 Β 15/04; Β 05 Β 1/28; Α 01 G 13/00 <£> CO ι