HU184327B - Animal keeping construction as well as platform for animal keeping establishments - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an animal husbandry structure, in particular for pig keeping, lamb fattening, and the raising of water fowl having a floor and a spacing structure which is a tent-like structure. The structure is characterized by the fact that the floor is made up of at least partially adjacent elongated, beam-like, profiled cross sections of plastic. The floor contains plastic elements, and its essence is that there are elongated, beam-like, extruded hard PVC sections of profiled cross-section, which are spaced along their longitudinal sides by a gap or / and without gaps, and in the region of at least two of their ends transverse to their longitudinal axis. are supported. An advantage of the invention is that it results in significant investment savings and better animal retention conditions than before. -1-

Description

The present invention relates to a livestock building, in particular to housing pigs, lambs for fattening and rearing waterfowl, which have a floor and a cover structure. The present invention also relates to a floor suitable for livestock facilities having plastic elements.

Making meat production more economical is an urgent task in agricultural production, and professionals are working on it in a variety of ways: by feeding methods, by breeding and keeping appropriate breeds, by using new technological methods, and so on. One of the factors contributing to the unsatisfactory profitability of meat production is the high investment and operational costs and inadequate utilization of currently known and used livestock buildings.

Large-scale pork production, for example, takes place in heat-insulated, usually air-conditioned buildings, on concrete or asphalt floors and / or littering technology. These buildings are expensive, they are extremely energy-intensive, and litter technology also requires a lot of live work.

Fattening of lambs is also carried out in litter-insulated buildings. The technology is seasonal, from March to September. This means that during the rest of the year, the buildings are unused or can be converted for other purposes by costly conversion. Lamb fattening is also carried out on lumber, but its thermal properties are inadequate and, since the wood is absorbent, it is rapidly destroyed, since lamb's manure is particularly corrosive; even other parts of the structure are quickly attacked and destroyed by the formation of mist. The seasonal problems described above also apply to keeping on the lattice.

Pre-rearing of waterfowl (ducks, geese) is also seasonal, from April to September. This technology also requires closed buildings in which the birds are kept either on litter or on a metal grid. The former method is very labor intensive (litter needs to be changed at least every two days), while the metal grids will eventually be damaged by corrosion, and the surface will not be able to dry out, and its thermal properties will be very poor. Problems with seasonality (due to the shorter season) are even more serious than with lambing.

A tent-like structure is known, for example, from Hungarian Patent No. 175,387. In this embodiment, the spatial boundary is formed by at least three membrane-like anticlastic spatial triangle surfaces. These are bordered on one side by a tension cable and on the other by support rails. One end of the support heart is connected to a corner point of the covered space and the other end to a common node at a higher position relative to the corner points. With this solution e.g. large storage areas can be covered.

Austrian Patent No. 331,463 discloses a livestock building in which chambers are located one above the other. The chambers are separated by a horizontal grid floor. For example, lattice floors may be formed by freestanding concrete beams on horizontal supports.

Plastic structures are used in certain areas to protect the floors of livestock facilities against corrosion. These can be divided into two main groups: perforated flat plastic sheets and plastic coated metal lattice floors (wire mesh, wire mesh). The disadvantage of the former is that they require a separate, statically dimensioned support structure, the panels themselves are not load-bearing and their surface is not roughened. No gap, so-called. they cannot be made of "battery floors" because they have a joint gap or a metal catch. Their heat insulating capacity is not sufficient for eg. be used in tent buildings.

Plastic-coated wire mesh and grids are highly susceptible to mechanical damage; on the one hand, the metal is liberated and, on the other hand, without being a diffusion bond between the materials, the covering plastic layer loosens (the two materials have different thermal conductivity). In the damaged areas, the metal will eventually fail due to corrosion. Their thermal insulation capacity is inadequate. Colored floors cannot be made of such structures.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a livestock building that fully satisfies the functional requirements of the particular livestock function, while at the same time significantly lower investment and operating costs compared to the currently known facilities for similar purposes. It is a further object of the present invention to provide a plastic flooring for livestock facilities that overcomes the disadvantages of such floorings known in the art and can be designed and applied in many variations to solve various livestock tasks.

The invention is based on the following findings: the thermal properties of the plastic flooring, its high thermal insulation capacity and the physiological characteristics of the pigs make it possible to use a tent-like superstructure in pig farms and to refrain from heating in the winter period, lifting) plastic floor and stay there. However, the construction of part of the floor made of concrete ensures that the nails of the animals are abraded. Pig farming can therefore be carried out in a cheap building at a low operating cost. The fattening period of lambs susceptible to temperature fluctuations can last from the beginning of March to the end of September, when there are usually no cold periods; the damaging consequences of the extremes occurring are eliminated by the plastic grid floor. The same is the case with waterfowl rearing. As the entire building structure is cheap, the disadvantages of seasonality do not pose a heavy burden, and the unavailability of a cheap building is not a significant disadvantage. The invention is further based on the discovery that if the floor is made of plastic beams with a relatively wide surface area of suitable inertia, no additional support structures are required and such floors can be used to create a variety of floors.

Based on these findings, the object of the present invention has been solved by the use of a livestock structure having a floor as well as a space-covering structure, characterized in that the floor is formed at least partially by elongated, beam-like, profiled cross-sectional members. and the cover structure is designed as a tent-like structure. According to an aspect of the invention, in the case of a pig-rearing structure, the concrete floor is located, and on the opposite side of the latter, a plastic manure storage space is provided.

184,327 are trained. In this case, it is expedient that the manure collection space is formed in a trough adjacent to the concrete floor and covered with a grid. In a further embodiment of the structure, in the case of a lamb fattening structure, the floor part made of beam-like plastic elements is formed as a lattice floor or / and perforated floor, there is a manure storage space below and a concrete floor next to the lattice floor.

In another embodiment, in the case of a waterfowl rearing structure, the entire floor, or at least the majority thereof, consists of beam-like plastic elements, which floor is a perforated floor, optionally a perforated lattice floor, and below it a manure storage space. - there is a cage-like superstructure. In this case, it is advisable for the floor to be above the floor level. It is further preferred that the surface area of the floor perforations and, if applicable, the lattice gaps comprise at least about 25%, preferably about 50%, of the total floor area. The perforations may be oval holes of about 10 x 20 mm and the grid gaps may be approximately 10 mm wide.

The flooring according to the present invention has plastic elements and essentially consists of elongated beam-like, extruded hard PVC plastic elements with a cross section along their longitudinal sides, with or without joint, and at least at two ends in a longitudinal direction. are supported. The plastic members are beams with a closed cupboard section or beams with one or more downwardly extending ribs which are partially or fully open. It is preferable that the upper face of the latter comprises through holes (perforations). Whatever the cross-sectional shape of the beams, it may be advantageous if the upper surface of the beams is provided with a groove. The beams of the closed section are preferably tapered downwards, e.g. they may be equilateral, or equilateral, triangular or trapezoidal in cross-section with rounded peaks. The beams may include internal and / or external stiffeners in the range of their uprights; they can also be fixed to the supporting and / or transverse supports (eg by welding, screwing). The reinforcing members are made of plastic and / or metal, but are e.g. they can also be made of reinforced concrete. Several beams can be assembled into blocks, and the floor can be constructed from such blocks.

Advantageous effects of the invention may be summarized as follows:

the investment cost of the building according to the invention is significantly lower than that of similar facilities currently known: e.g. The cost of the building of the present invention is only about 15%, and about 50% for lambing and waterfowl farming. In addition, most of the year, the structure of the present invention provides animals with better physiological housing conditions than conventional ones, primarily because the space requirements of the animals can be better met (low investment cost allows for greater space). The plumbing equipment (air conditioning), or at least most of it, is missing. Operational energy requirements are minimal. Due to the nature of the building structure, the corrosion hazard is eliminated. The construction of the tent structure is simple and quick, which significantly speeds up the construction time of the entire facility; in addition, due to the light weight of the superstructure, the foundation costs are minimal. In a larger space, the concentration of corrosive ammonia vapors is lower, which is also beneficial for animal health. Production is safer because less technical equipment is prone to failure, and the larger the space, it is less susceptible to possible malfunctions. At the same time, the big space is mobile (not connected to the building) technological equipment, for example. allows the use of feeding trolleys (eliminating the need to install a fixed feeding auger, for example).

The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show some preferred embodiments of the structure or floor according to the invention. 1 is a sectional view taken along line B-B in FIG. 2 of a pig housing embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 1:

Figure 3 is a larger scale detail of C marked in Figure 1;

Figure 4 illustrates an embodiment of a structure according to the invention for fattening lamb in section E-E in Figure 5;

the. Figure 5 is a sectional view taken along the line D-D in Figure 4;

Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line G-G in Fig. 7 for an embodiment of a structure for waterfowl rearing;

Figure 7 is a sectional view FF of Figure 6; 8-12. Figures 3 to 5 are cross-sectional views of some preferred embodiments of the beams used to form the plastic floor of the present invention;

Figures 13 to 17 are cross-sectional views of some embodiments of the flooring of the present invention;

18-19. Fig. 2A is a perspective view of two further embodiments of a floor according to the invention;

Figure 20 is a vertical sectional view of a battery-powered pig housing containing a floor according to the invention.

As shown in Figs. 1, 4 and 6, the structure of the structure according to the invention is constructed as a tent-like structure 1 with a tarpaulin 3 on its frame formed by longitudinal support bars 2. The material of the latter is e.g. polyethylene or PVC film, plastic canvas or the like, while the vase can be e.g. steel or (glued) wood elements. The sheet 3 is suitably colored for light filtering.

The high base portion 4 (on both longitudinal sides) of the space cover structure 1 is preferably formed in a larger scale (detail C in Figure 1) with a longitudinal rib 5 having a larger cross-sectional size and ribs 6a, 6b having a smaller cross-section; the latter including the parapets 7, the proftlos base plate 8, the posts 9 and the wires 10. The longitudinal opening 6b to 5 in the aquifer can be opened / closed by means of a remote opening (not shown) and the opening 3 can also be provided with opening / closing vents in the region of the spine. In this way, gravity ventilation of the entire tent structure can be advantageously solved. The height m of the 4 plinths (Fig. 1) is eg. It can be 1.5-2.5 ni, the width of the structure is eg.

184,327

9.0 m, and the ceiling height M can be varied within wide limits depending on the height of the 4 plinths, the radius R, the length of the structure (Figure 2) and the current technological requirements. The base plate 8 ensures the drainage of the rain falling on the floor covering structure 1.

Figures 1 and 2 show a pig housing structure. The floor has been designed with the animals in mind, since the time spent outside eating time is mainly lying down, so the floor is as important to the heat balance of the tent-roofed building as the air around the animals. Therefore, the floor part designated 10 is made of a plastic material having a thermal conductivity of about one-tenth that of conventional floor materials. The following is a comparative table of the thermal insulation properties of different flooring materials and other materials:

material thermal conductivity factor kcal / m ² ° C concrete 0.7 -1.5 brick 0.4 -0.65 slag wool 0.04-0.1 air 0.0207 hard PVC 0.13

The table shows that PVC is excellent in thermal insulation and has other properties for animal husbandry. Although the cost of a hard PVC floor may be higher than that of a traditional floor, when used in a non-insulated tent structure, it is possible to create significantly cheaper livestock space or seating by two to three orders of magnitude.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, concrete bases 11 are provided adjacent to the plastic floor section 10 for nail abrasion purposes. Adjacent to the middle concrete floor 11 is the fertilizer channel 12, which is covered with prefabricated reinforced concrete lattice 13. Underneath the concrete deck 11 there are 14 gravel shingles. The manure passage 12 is made of prefabricated reinforced concrete troughs, with a base of 15 underneath. When designing the plastic floor section 10, it should be noted that the floor space requirement of the fattening pigs is 0.5 m ² / fh and that of the sows 0.8 m ² / fh. The surface ratio of the concrete floors 11 can be determined on the basis of the housing technology requirements. Otherwise the asphalt pavement is suitable instead of the concrete deck.

The combination of the above-described combined (plastic-reinforced concrete) flooring is justified by the following aspects and its advantages derive from the following facts:

nail abrasion is necessary because excessive nails cause foot pain (which means loss of production). On the other hand, the behavior of the pig is characterized by the fact that it empties in cold and damp places (the concrete gives a cold feeling), so it is advisable to place the drinker here, the operation of which ensures the wetting of the surface. On the other hand, the lying area - the 10 plastic deck sections - remains clean, which is economical and cost-effective for labor management. At the same time, the plastic floor is insensitive to disinfection and washing, and therefore has a long service life.

The plastic floor portion 10 may be, for example, a "full floor" with a roughened surface as shown in Figure 8, a detailed description of which will be given below.

Figures 4 and 5 show the sheep and lamb farms. The components already described in Figure 1 are designated by the reference numerals used therein. Here, the plastic floor portion 17 is formed as a lattice floor, which may, for example, have the configuration shown in FIG. The 18 floors here are made of concrete. Below the lattice-shaped plastic floor section 17 there is a manure space 19, from which occasionally the manure that has fallen there can be removed. The plastic flooring has excellent resistance to the aggressive action of lamb urine and manure, which is much more aggressive than pig manure. There is no need for a massive supporting structure for the plastic floor 17, since the profiles forming the floor are statically sized for this stress. Lamb fertilizer is less sticky to plastic floors than pig manure.

Figures 6 and 7 show a structure for raising waterfowl (ducks, geese). It also has one tent-like space cover structure. The structure has a reinforced concrete manure basin with longitudinal ribs 21 on the floor, generally designated 20, and having 22 compartments. The beam members of the lattice plastic platform 23 rest on the longitudinal ribs 21. For example, the plastic floor 23 may have the configuration shown in FIGS. 18 or 19. There are 24 cages above the plastic floor 23. Because of the high water flow in the animals, large amounts of corrosive excrement and leachate are generated. Because of the high heat and humidity, the risk of corrosion is high, which the plastic has excellent resistance to, but does not cause mechanical damage to the chest and legs like the wire braid. In the case of sunny animals, the poor heat conduction properties of plastic flooring are also very favorable: these animals have low heat storage and the cooling of their abdominal organs is much less, thus the death rate and the loss of production are also lower. Fertilizer removal, cleaning and disinfection are also more favorable, with no need to exert more physical force to lift lightweight beam members. The plastic is also highly resistant to the corrosive effects of disinfectants and has a lifespan of several times that of the wire mesh.

8-12. Figures 1 to 5 show some preferred embodiments of plastic beams in cross-section. The profile of Fig. 8 has a hollow, rectangular triangular interior with its upper face 27 provided with teeth 26, which allow the animals to rest on rough, notched surfaces. The profile 28 of Fig. 9 is an equilateral trapezoidal shape, while the profile 30 of Fig. 10 is an equilateral triangle, the upper faces 29 and 31 of the latter profiles not being grooved. The profiles 28 and 30 are also hollow (cabinet), which is extremely advantageous from a static point of view. The vertices of the triangles and of the trapezoid are rounded. All. Figure 32 also has a hollow profile but is open at the bottom. The top plate 35 has perforations 34 and the outwardly diverging legs 36 extend from the lower plane of the top plate 35. The upper panel 37 of the profile 33 of FIG. 12 also has perforations 34, with the downwardly extending legs 38 having a downwardly inverted T-shape and a base portion 39 which provides a good support. The top panel 37 has a curved projection 40 on one end and a curved projection 41 on the other end; the latter is a contiguous 33

184 327 fits into a curved recess in 40 projections.

Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view of a "telescopic floor" made using the profiles 25 of Figure 8. The profiles 25 fit snugly with their shoulder sections, and the lower sections fit into U-shaped bracing members 42 with outwardly extending legs. They are made of steel and are secured to welded seams 44 on a support frame, also referred to as 43, also steel. The floor of Fig. 14 is made using the profiles 28 of Fig. 9, which also form a "battery pack" with their shoulder sections tightly joined to one another. Here again, the bracket structure is denoted by reference numeral 43, the bolt 45 being used to fasten the bracket to the carrier body (not shown).

Figure 15 shows a detail of a grid floor formed by the beams 28 of Figure 9. These are spaced from one another to the upper shoulders, i.e., there are longitudinal gaps 46 between adjacent beams 28 through which animal excrement can pass through and urine drains. The profiles 28 include U-shaped steel reinforcing members 47 which are welded to the support frame 43.

The "full" floor of Figure 16 is made using the beams 30 of Figure 10, which are reinforced internally with tubes 48 and externally with divergent U-shaped members 49, which are welded to the support frame 43. This floor structure is extremely rigid despite its relatively small height t.

The floor of Fig. 17 differs from that of Fig. 16 in that the beams 30 are spaced b apart, so that there are longitudinal gaps 50 between them and are not tubularly reinforced.

Figure 18 is a perspective view of a perforated floor made of beams 33 of Figure 12, while Figure 19 shows a floor of combined profile beams 51 which is also perforated (also referred to herein as 34), and the beams 51 are much wider than previously described and comprise two closed hollow beam portions 52 and two downwardly extending ribs 53.

As mentioned above, for example, the floor of Fig. 18 may be used for rearing waterfowl. This can be scaled so that not only the waterfowl are reared, but also the care staff can travel safely. APVC flooring, due to the nature of the material, can be cleaned well with a water jet and has excellent resistance to disinfectant chemicals. During operation, due to the favorable thermal properties of the PVC floor, significant heating energy savings can be achieved, while the improved water uptake rate of young waterfowl is 2-3% due to better comfort conditions.

Any of the above described lattice floors are well suited for lambs for fattening. On the floor, so-called. milk and roast lambs can be kept (from 28-35 days to 35-38 kg). The grid floor can be scaled so that it can be safely walked by the care staff when animals are moved in and out. Extremely corrosive environments, PVC flooring is well-resistant and has a significantly longer service life than metal or wood lattices. The excrement of roast lambs is strongly adhered to metal and lattice, therefore the self-cleaning of the floors (by trampling) is unsatisfactory. The lattice floor made of PVC beams "cleans" the excrement without sticking to the floor elements. The floor provides a suitable space for the fattening lambs by the well-developed surface roughening of the lattice profiles. The use of PVC floor lattice significantly reduces labor requirements, saving about 30% on labor.

It can be used in several phases of large-scale pig rearing in the form of a floor made of PVC profiles, a colony floor and a grid floor. In the pig-rearing phase, it is prudent to use the rscs-based solution. After weaning, piglets enter cages at 21-35 days of age and remain there for 25-40 kg. Due to the poor thermal conductivity of the grids made of PVC profiles, the room heat is about 23 C lower than otherwise necessary, resulting in an average saving of 15% in heating energy. A better microenvironment (better disinfection, more favorable microclimate) reduces the tendency of piglets to become sick, so the familiar 3 to 4% rearing! mortality can be reduced to 1.5-2.5%.

For pig fattening, PVC floors can be designed as either a grid floor or a colon. Grid flooring is primarily used to create two-story fattening cage systems to make better use of existing buildings. An example of such a solution is shown in Fig. 20, whereby fattening cages 55 are provided on each side of the longitudinal passage 54, which have lattice floors 56. These are constructed of hollow plastic beams 25 of Figure 8 spaced apart, with longitudinal slots 57 extending therethrough, except for strips extending along feed troughs 58 where the beams 25 are closely spaced. The frame of the cages 55 is designated 58 in its entirety. Fertilizer that has fallen through the gaps 57 of the floor cages 56 of the upper cages 55 is placed on the sloping manure baffles 59 where it can be easily removed. In addition, the floor sections adjacent to the feed troughs 58 may also be made of concrete (this area may, for example, represent 25% of the total floor) for the desired normal knuckle cleaning.

These types of solutions result in approximately 50% improvement in building utilization, with more cost-effective effects than traditional solutions.

Colonies are used in low-cost, uninsulated (tent-like, color) buildings (see Figures 1-3 and related text). Such solutions can save 40-50% of the investment cost in setting up fattening capacity. In addition, since the living space per fattening pig can be cheaply increased, the performance of the fattening pigs (weight gain, feeding ability) is improved by about 10%, thus significantly improving the profitability.

In breeding, mainly due to their favorable thermal properties, the PVC elements according to the invention are used at the same time as a colonnade and a trellis: the front 2/3 of the breeding cage is a colon and the rear part is a lattice, made of PVC beams. Because the thermoregulatory ability of newborn piglets is still underdeveloped, compared to other flooring materials, PVC lattice elements (due to their poor thermal conductivity) are better suited to the intended purpose, the disease caused by colds in suckling pigs and thus the mortality rate is reduced to 7-8%. To 5-6%.

'5

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The invention is, of course, not limited to the embodiments described above and their applications, but can be practiced in many ways within the scope of the claims.

Claims (21)

1. Livestock buildings, in particular for pigs, lambs for fattening and rearing waterfowl, with a floor and a cover structure. the winter covering structure being in the form of a tent-like structure, characterized in that the floor (10, 17, 23) is formed, at least in part, by elongated beam-shaped, plastic-shaped sections (25, 28, 30, 32, 33). An embodiment of the structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the case of a pig housing, the floor part (10) made of beam-like plastic elements (25, 28, 30, 32, 33) is preferably free of gaps and / or perforations. The concrete floor (11) is formed on which a concrete floor (11) extends, and a manure storage space (12) is formed on the latter side opposite to the plastic floor section (10). An embodiment of the structure according to claim 2, characterized in that the manure collection space (12) is trough-shaped and is covered with a grid (13) in a zone adjacent to the concrete floor (11). An embodiment of the structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the case of a lamb fattening structure, the floor part (17) made of beam-like plastic elements (25, 28, 30, 32, 33) is formed as a lattice floor and / or perforated floor, beneath it is a manure storage space and a concrete floor (18) is located next to the floor. An embodiment of the structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the case of a structure for raising waterfowl, the entire floor, or at least the majority thereof, consists of beam-like plastic elements (25, 28, 30, 32, 33), which floor is a perforated floor. It is formed, if necessary, as a perforated lattice floor, with a manure storage space underneath and a cage-like superstructure located inside the tent structure (1). An embodiment of the structure according to claim 5, characterized in that the floor (17) extends above the floor level. Embodiment according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the surface of the perforations and optionally the lattice joints of the floor (17) comprises at least about 25%, preferably about 50% of the total floor area. Who. 8. Figures 5-7. An embodiment of a structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the perforations are formed as oval holes of about 10 x 27 mm and - if necessary - the lattice gaps are about 10 mm wide. 9. Floors for livestock installations, in particular those in points 1 to 8. The structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which has plastic elements, characterized in that the elements (25, _F 28, 30, 32, 33) of elongated beam-extruded hard PVC have a profiled cross-section and have a gap or / and they are disposed adjacent to each other and are supported at least at their two ends transversely to their longitudinal axis. The floor according to claim 9, characterized in that the plastic members are beams (25, 28, 30) having a closed cupboard section. The floor according to claim 9, characterized in that the plastic members are beams (32, 33) of partially or fully open cross-section with one or more downwardly extending ribs (36, 38). The floor according to claim 11, characterized in that the upper panel (35, 37) of the beams has through holes (34) - perforations. 13. Embodiment 20 of the floor according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the upper surface of the beams (25) is provided with a groove (notch), the surface comprising, for example, teeth (26) (Fig. 8). 14. The floor according to claim 10 or 13, characterized in that the beams (25, 28, 30) have a tapered cross-section. 15. The floor according to claim 14, characterized in that the beams (25, 30) are of rectangular or equilateral triangular cross-section with rounded ends. 30 16. The floor according to claim 14, characterized in that the beams (28) have trapezoidal cross-sections with rounded tips. 17. The floor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that 35, the beams (25, 28, 30) have reinforcing elements (42,47,48,49) outside and / or inside the range of their resurrection points. 18. The floor according to claim 17, characterized in that the stiffening elements (42,47,48,49) 40 are secured to a transverse supporting structure (43) in the longitudinal direction of the beams (25, 28, 30, 32, 33). Embodiment according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that the reinforcing elements (48) are tubular and located inside the beam (30). 4 ₅ (Figure 16). 20. An embodiment of a floor according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that the U-cross sections of the reinforcing members (42,49) have upwardly diverging legs and are disposed on the outside of the beam (25, 30). . 21, pp. 17-20. Floor according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the reinforcing elements (42, 47, .48, 49) are made of plastic, metal or reinforced concrete. 55 22. Figures 1-21. The floor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it is made up of blocks formed by a plurality of beams (25, 28, 30) joined together, for example, by a frame structure.