HRP920732A2

HRP920732A2 - Process for manufacturing a tubular semi-finished copper alloy part for a inuous steel casting ingot mold

Info

Publication number: HRP920732A2
Application number: HR920732A
Authority: HR
Inventors: Armando Sbrana
Original assignee: Europa Metalli Lmi
Priority date: 1987-10-01
Filing date: 1992-10-01
Publication date: 1995-12-31
Also published as: HRP920732B1

Description

Oblast tehnike u koju spada izum The technical field to which the invention belongs

Izum spada u oblast obrade i prerade, bliže u oblast proizvodnje poluproizvoda od legure bakra, a specifično se odnosi na postupak proizvodnje otvorenog kalupa za kontinuirano lijevanje ingota. Simboli Međunarodne klasifikacije patenata su B 21 C 35/04. The invention belongs to the field of processing and processing, more closely to the field of production of copper alloy semi-products, and specifically relates to the process of manufacturing an open mold for continuous casting of ingots. The International Patent Classification symbols are B 21 C 35/04.

Tehnički problem Technical problem

Tehnički problem je kako na jednostavan način dobiti otvoren kalup od bakrene slitine za kontinuirano lijevanje čelika, a koji će imati potrebnu čvrstoću neophodnu u navedenom postupku. The technical problem is how to easily obtain an open mold made of copper alloy for continuous casting of steel, which will have the necessary strength necessary in the mentioned process.

Stanje tehnike State of the art

Otvoreni kalupi oblika cijevi se obično formiraju od cijevnih poluproizvoda od bakrene slitine formiranih pomoću istiskivanja ili izvlačenja. Tako formirani poluproizvodi se podvrgavaju daljnjoj preradi, obično permanentnim deformiranjem dok se ne postigne željena završna obrada unutarnje površine i mehanička čvrstina koja je potrebna za finalni kalup. Tube-shaped open molds are usually formed from copper alloy tube blanks formed by extrusion or drawing. The semi-finished products formed in this way are subjected to further processing, usually by permanent deformation, until the desired finish of the inner surface and the mechanical strength required for the final mold are achieved.

Predložena su razna rješenja za proizvodnju ovih kalupa, kao što su US patent br. .2679.931. (Cigliano), US patent br. 5.90.130. (Bungeroth) i GB Patent br. 1.314.343 (Hall). Sva rješenja sadržana u ovim patentima osnivaju se na kompliciranim uređajima. Tako, prema US patentu br. 2.679.931 u toku procesa proizvodnje moraju pojedini dijelovi opreme koja se koristi da se odvajaju, tj. eliminiraju iz proizvodnog postupka, a također i međusobno pomiču, što stvara probleme u radu. Various solutions for the production of these molds have been proposed, such as US patent no. .2679.931. (Cigliano), US patent no. 5.90.130. (Bungeroth) and GB Patent no. 1,314,343 (Hall). All solutions contained in these patents are based on complicated devices. Thus, according to US patent no. 2,679,931 during the production process, certain parts of the equipment used must be separated, i.e. eliminated from the production process, and also move among themselves, which creates problems in work.

Glavni nedostatak poznatih postupaka istiskivanja i izvlačenja za proizvodnju spomenutih poluproizvoda jest što uključuju brojne faze prerade, pri čemu u svakoj dolazi samo do neznatne modifikacije oblika i veličine poluproizvoda formiranog u ranijoj fazi. The main disadvantage of the known extrusion and drawing processes for the production of the mentioned semi-products is that they involve numerous stages of processing, in each of which there is only a slight modification of the shape and size of the semi-product formed in the earlier stage.

Opis rješenja tehničkog problema sa primjerima izvođenja i popisom i kratkim opisom slika nacrta Description of the solution to the technical problem with implementation examples and a list and brief description of the drawings

Predmetni izum odnosi se na postupak za proizvodnju otvorenog kalupa za kontinualni lijevanje od bakarne slitine, koji se pravi od bakarnih poluproizvoda oblika cijevi. Kalupi ranije spomenutog tipa koriste se za dovođenje istopljenog čelika iz peći za istapanje u proizvodno postrojenje. Oni su cijevnog oblika, i mogu biti ravni ili iskrivljeni, s ma kakvim unutarnjim poprečnim presjekom. Kalup dobiven postupkom prema izumu je obično kvadratan ili pravokutan i može postupno varirati po veličini duž osi kalupa. The present invention relates to a process for the production of an open mold for continuous casting from a copper alloy, which is made from copper semi-products in the form of tubes. Molds of the type mentioned earlier are used to bring molten steel from the melting furnace to the production plant. They are tubular in shape, and can be straight or curved, with any internal cross-section. The mold obtained by the process according to the invention is usually square or rectangular and can gradually vary in size along the axis of the mold.

Cilj sadašnjeg izuma jest da se pruži postupak za proizvodnju otvorenih kalupa za kontinualno lijevanje ingota, s ograničenim brojem faza prerade, koje se mogu provesti lako na jednostavnim proizvodnim pogonima, naročito na prešama male veličine koje grubo imaju četvrtinu kapaciteta koji je potreban za proizvodnju poluproizvoda iste veličine kada se koriste ranije spomenuti standardni postupci. The aim of the present invention is to provide a process for the production of open molds for the continuous casting of ingots, with a limited number of processing stages, which can be carried out easily on simple production plants, especially on small-sized presses that roughly have a quarter of the capacity required for the production of semi-finished products of the same sizes when using the previously mentioned standard procedures.

Prema ovom izumu, postupak za proizvodnju cijevnog poluproizvoda od bakarne slitine, koji je naročito pogodan za proizvodnju kod otvorenih kalupa za kontinualno lijevanje čelika, obuhvaća fazu u kojoj se komad legure postavlja naspram kraja zid šupljine u kalupu, pri čemu je bočna površina šupljine dok je visina jednaka s dijelom visine bočne površine; i drugu fazu u kojoj potisni dio, koji je kosntruiran tako da se pokreće identična sa unutarnjom površinom poluproizvoda, vrši zadovoljavajuće veliki pritisak na komad tako da se permanentno deformira i širi materijal s istom unutarnjom šupljinom i to u suprotnom pravcu u odnosu na pritisni dio. Na ovaj način se formira intermedijerni poluproizvod koji ima bočni zid kojeg su vanjske i unutarnje površine na odgovarajući način podudarne s unutarnjom površinom šupljine i s vanjskom površinom pritisnog dijela, dok je kraj zida spoje s vanjskom površinom pritisnog dijela, dok je kraj zida spojen za bočnu površinu. Osnovne faze postupka prema sadašnjem izumu bit će opisane pomoću primjera imajući za referencu pridodane crteže na kojima: According to this invention, the process for the production of a tubular semi-finished product from a copper alloy, which is particularly suitable for production in open molds for continuous steel casting, includes a phase in which a piece of alloy is placed against the end of the wall of the cavity in the mold, the side surface of the cavity while height equal to part of the height of the side surface; and the second phase in which the pressure part, which is designed so that it moves identically to the inner surface of the semi-finished product, exerts a sufficiently large pressure on the piece so that the material with the same internal cavity is permanently deformed and expanded in the opposite direction to the pressure part. In this way, an intermediate semi-finished product is formed which has a side wall whose outer and inner surfaces are appropriately matched with the inner surface of the cavity and with the outer surface of the pressure part, while the end of the wall is connected to the outer surface of the pressure part, while the end of the wall is connected to the side surface . The basic stages of the process according to the present invention will be described by way of example, having for reference the attached drawings in which:

Slika 1 do 6 prikazuje šest osnovnih faza u postupku prema sadašnjem izumu. Figures 1 to 6 show six basic stages in the process according to the present invention.

Postupak prema ovom izumu omogućava proizvodnju cijevnog poluproizvoda od bakarne legure, namijenjenog naročito za proizvodnju otvorenih kalupa za lijevanje ingota. Spomenuti poluproizvod je naznačen brojem 1 u posljednjoj fazi postupka sa Sl. 6, može biti ma kakvog presjeka ili debljine, ali je poželjno da bude kvadratan ili pravokutan. The process according to this invention enables the production of a tubular semi-finished product from a copper alloy, intended especially for the production of open molds for casting ingots. The mentioned semi-finished product is indicated by the number 1 in the last stage of the procedure with Fig. 6, it can be of any cross-section or thickness, but it is preferable that it be square or rectangular.

Prva faza u postupku, kao što je prikazano na Sl. 1, sastoji se u biti od postavljanja radnog komada 2 od bakarne legure naspram kraja zida 3 šupljine 4 u kalupu 5. Bočna površina 6 šupljine 4 je ista kao bočna površina 7 (Sl. 6). poluproizvoda 1, dok radni komad 2, kao što je jasno prikazano na Sl. 1, ima bočnu površinu 8 koja je podudarna sa dijelom bočne površine 6 šupljine 4, i jednaka je po visini s dijelom iste. The first stage in the procedure, as shown in Fig. 1, consists essentially of placing the workpiece 2 of copper alloy against the end of the wall 3 of the cavity 4 in the mold 5. The side surface 6 of the cavity 4 is the same as the side surface 7 (Fig. 6). semi-finished product 1, while workpiece 2, as clearly shown in Fig. 1, has a side surface 8 which coincides with a part of the side surface 6 of the cavity 4, and is equal in height to a part of the same.

U prvoj fazi postupka, kraj zida 3 koji određuje šupljinu 4 može biti formiran na bilo koji način, npr., pomoću ploče na kalupu 5. Međutim, prema sadašnjem izumu, spomenuti kraj zida 3 će biti prikladno formiran pomoću sredstva 9 za zatvaranje i opisanih detaljno u daljnjem tekstu. In the first stage of the process, the end of the wall 3 defining the cavity 4 can be formed in any way, for example, by means of a plate on the mold 5. However, according to the present invention, the said end of the wall 3 will be conveniently formed by means of the closing means 9 and described detailed below.

U drugoj fazi postupka koja je prikazana na Sl. 2, protisni dio 12 konstruiran tako da se kreće duž uzdužne osi šupljine 4, pritišće dovoljno jako radni komad 2 i u suprotnom pravcu u odnosu na pritisni dio 12. In the second stage of the procedure, which is shown in Fig. 2, the pressure part 12, designed to move along the longitudinal axis of the cavity 4, presses the workpiece 2 hard enough and in the opposite direction to the pressure part 12.

Bočna površina 13 na kraju pritisnog dijela 12, je ista kao unutarnja površina 14 (Sl. 6) cijevnog poluproizvoda 1. Na Sl. 2, pritisni dio 12 je prikazan u krajnjem udarnom položaju na kraju druge faze postupka. The side surface 13 at the end of the pressure part 12 is the same as the inner surface 14 (Fig. 6) of the tubular semi-product 1. In Fig. 2, the pressure part 12 is shown in the final impact position at the end of the second stage of the procedure.

U drugoj fazi, kalup 5 se pogodno postavlja naspram ili se učvršćuje za ploču pogodnim učvršćivačem, dok se pritisni dio 12 povezuje za pokretnu ploču preše, npr., neke hidraulične preše. In the second stage, the mold 5 is conveniently placed against or fixed to the plate with a suitable fastener, while the pressure part 12 is connected to the movable plate of the press, for example, some hydraulic presses.

Kao što je prikazano jasno na Sl. 2, na kraju druge faze, formira se intermedijerni poluproizvod 15 koji ima bočni zid 16 kojeg su vanjske i unutarnje površine na odgovarajući način podudarne s unutarnjom površinom 6 šupljine 4 i s vanjskom površinom 13 potisnog dijela 12, i krajnji zid 17 odgovarajuće debljine, spojen za bočni zid 16. Komad 2 je takve veličine da je njegova zapremina jednaka s onom koja je potrebna za intermedijerni poluproizvod 15, čiji bočni zid 16 ima istu dužinu kao što je potrebna za poluproizvod 1 (Sl. 6). Spomenuta sredstva 9 za zatvaranje prikladno obuhvaćaju tijelo 18 oblika šalice koja ima bočni zid i krajnji zid 20, i zatvarač 21 koji je konstruiran tako da paše u unutarnjost tijela 18., kao što je jasno prikazano na Slikama 1 i 2, zatvarač 21 je takve veličine da kada se upasira u unutarnjost tijela 18, oslanja se na gornju površinu 22 bočnog zida 19, tako da se formira krajnji zid 3 šupljine 4. Također, oblik i veličina unutarnje površine 14 bočnog zida 19 odgovaraju onima koji ima unutarnja površina 14 poluproizvoda 1. As shown clearly in FIG. 2, at the end of the second stage, an intermediate semi-finished product 15 is formed, which has a side wall 16, the outer and inner surfaces of which are appropriately matched with the inner surface 6 of the cavity 4 and with the outer surface 13 of the thrust part 12, and the end wall 17 of the appropriate thickness, connected to side wall 16. Piece 2 is of such size that its volume is equal to that required for the intermediate semi-product 15, whose side wall 16 has the same length as that required for semi-product 1 (Fig. 6). Said closure means 9 conveniently comprise a cup-shaped body 18 having a side wall and an end wall 20, and a closure 21 designed to fit inside the body 18. As clearly shown in Figures 1 and 2, the closure 21 is such of such a size that when it is inserted into the interior of the body 18, it rests on the upper surface 22 of the side wall 19, so that the end wall 3 of the cavity 4 is formed. Also, the shape and size of the inner surface 14 of the side wall 19 correspond to those of the inner surface 14 of the semi-finished product 1 .

U trećoj fazi postupka koja je prikazana na Sl. 3, krajnji zid 3 šupljine 4 skida se s kalupa odvajanjem sredstva 9 za zatvaranje. Zatvarač 21 se tada odvoji od tijela 18, koje se tada namjesti natrag na kalup 5 kao što je prikazano na Sl. 3. Ovo tako omogućava ne samo odvajanje krajnjeg zida 3 šupljine 4, već također i njegovu zamjenu s odsječkom matrice koja je formirana s bočnim zidom 19 tijela 18. Na osnovu ranije spomenute veličine unutarnje površine 23 bočnog zida 19, gornja površina 22 zida 19 djeluje kao nosač za kraj intermedijernog poluproizvoda 15, kao što je prikazano na Sl. 3. In the third stage of the procedure, which is shown in Fig. 3, the end wall 3 of the cavity 4 is removed from the mold by separating the closing means 9. The shutter 21 is then separated from the body 18, which is then fitted back onto the mold 5 as shown in FIG. 3. This thus enables not only the separation of the end wall 3 of the cavity 4, but also its replacement with a section of the matrix formed with the side wall 19 of the body 18. Based on the previously mentioned size of the inner surface 23 of the side wall 19, the upper surface 22 of the wall 19 acts as a carrier for the end of the intermediate semi-finished product 15, as shown in Fig. 3.

U četvrtoj fazi postupka (Sl. 4) potisni dio 12, pritišće krajnji zid 17 intermedijernog poluproizvoda 15 da razdvoji krajnji zid 17 od bočnog zida 16 i da tako formira poluproizvod 1. Da bi se to postiglo (Sl. 4), kraj pritisnog dijela 12 umeće se unutar tijela 18, tako da oslobodi unutar istog disk 24 koji se sastoji od krajnjeg zida 17 razdvojenog intermedijernog poluproizvoda 15. In the fourth stage of the process (Fig. 4), the pushing part 12 presses the end wall 17 of the intermediate semi-product 15 to separate the end wall 17 from the side wall 16 and thus form the semi-product 1. To achieve this (Fig. 4), the end of the pressing part 12 is inserted inside the body 18, so that it releases inside the same disc 24 which consists of the end wall 17 of the separated intermediate semi-product 15.

U petoj fazi postupka (Sl. 5), pritisni dio 12 izvlači se iz poluproizvoda 1, i tijelo 18 odvaja se iz kalupa 5 tako da se oslobode oba kraja šupljine 4 kao što je prikazano na Sl. 5. In the fifth stage of the process (Fig. 5), the pressure part 12 is pulled out of the semi-finished product 1, and the body 18 is separated from the mold 5 so that both ends of the cavity 4 are freed as shown in Fig. 5.

U šestoj fazi postupka (Sl. 6), pritisni dio 12 vrši potreban pritisak na kraj poluproizvoda 1, suprotno od kraja koji kontaktira tijelo 18 u petoj fazi, tako da se aksijalno gura poluproizvod 1 u šupljinu 4 i van iste na stranu s koje se odvaja tijelo 18. Da se to uradi u fazi šest pritisni dio 12 opremljen je glavom 25 koja ima isti promjer kao šupljina 4. In the sixth stage of the process (Fig. 6), the pressure part 12 exerts the necessary pressure on the end of the semi-finished product 1, opposite to the end that contacts the body 18 in the fifth stage, so that the semi-finished product 1 is axially pushed into the cavity 4 and out of it to the side from which separates the body 18. To do this in phase six, the pressure part 12 is equipped with a head 25 which has the same diameter as the cavity 4.

Pritisni dio 12 može pogodno činiti sredstvo za povezivanje koje se sastoji od, na primjer, od slijepog otvora 16 za povezivanje glave 25 koja se koristi u šestoj fazi postupka, i dalje glave 27 koja ima manju bočnu površinu 13 u promjeru od glave 25, i koja se koristi u drugoj i četvrtoj fazi postupka. Prije umetanja kalupa 5 u šupljinu 4 u prvoj fazi postupka, radni komad 2 se odgovarajuće zagrijava na predodređenoj temperaturi, da se omogući lagan protok komadnog materijala unutar šupljine 4, u suprotnom pravcu u odnosu na pritisni dio 12, u drugoj fazi postupka. Spomenuta temperatura odgovarajuće varira između 850 i 950°C. The pressure part 12 may conveniently form a connecting means consisting, for example, of a blind opening 16 for connecting the head 25 used in the sixth stage of the process, and further the head 27 having a smaller side surface 13 in diameter than the head 25, and which is used in the second and fourth stages of the procedure. Before inserting the mold 5 into the cavity 4 in the first phase of the process, the workpiece 2 is appropriately heated at a predetermined temperature, to enable a light flow of the piece material inside the cavity 4, in the opposite direction to the pressure part 12, in the second phase of the process. The mentioned temperature accordingly varies between 850 and 950°C.

Nađeno je da postupak prema sadašnjem izumu omogućava proizvodnju cijevnih poluproizvoda 1 konzistentne veličine za sve tipove poprečnog presjeka, i s dobrim površinskim izgledom. It has been found that the process according to the present invention enables the production of tubular semi-finished products 1 of consistent size for all types of cross-section, and with a good surface appearance.

Dalje, sve faze u postupku mogu se vršiti na preši male veličine, bez obzira na veličinu poluproizvoda 1. ovaj povoljan rezultat postiže se pomoću druge faze postupka (Sl. 2) u kojoj se komadni materijal širi unutar šupljine 4 u suprotnom pravcu u odnosu na pritisni dio 12, usprkos umjerenom pritisku koji se vrši na radni komad 2. Dalje, poluproizvod 1 se proizvodi korištenjem jednostavne opreme koja se ne mora odvajati u bilo kojoj fazi cijelog postupka, i jedini dijelovi koji se odvajaju su sredstva 9 za zatvaranje koja se odvajaju brzo i lako u trećoj i petoj fazi postupka. Stručnjacima će biti jasno da se u ovdje opisanom i ilustriranom izumu mogu izvršiti izmjene u raznim fazama postupka, međutim, bez odstupanja od opsega sadašnjeg izuma. Furthermore, all stages in the process can be performed on a small-sized press, regardless of the size of the semi-finished product 1. This favorable result is achieved by means of the second stage of the process (Fig. 2) in which the piece material expands inside the cavity 4 in the opposite direction to pressure part 12, despite the moderate pressure exerted on the workpiece 2. Further, the semi-finished product 1 is produced using simple equipment that does not need to be separated at any stage of the whole process, and the only parts that are separated are the closure means 9 which are separated quickly and easily in the third and fifth stages of the procedure. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the invention described and illustrated herein at various stages of the process, however, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A process for the production of a tubular semi-finished product from a copper alloy for the production of an open mold for continuous casting of ingots, characterized by the fact that in the first stage, the workpiece (2) of the copper alloy is placed against the end wall (3) of the cavity (4) in the mold (5). , where the side surface (6) of the cavity (4) is the same as the side surface (7) of the semi-finished product (1) and the workpiece (2) has a side surface (8) that coincides with part of the side surface (6), which in in the second phase, the pressure part (12) designed to move along the longitudinal axis of the cavity (4), and which has a side surface (13) identical to the inner surface (14) of the semi-finished product (1), exerts sufficient pressure on the workpiece (2) so that it constantly deforms and expands the material of the inner cavity (14) and in the opposite direction in relation to the pressure part (12) until an intermediate product (15) is formed which has a side wall (16) whose outer and inner surfaces coincide with the inner surface (8) of the cavity ( 14) and the outer surface (13) of the pressure part (12). While the end wall (17) is connected to the side surface; that in the third phase, the end wall (3) of the cavity (4) of the mold (5) is separated and replaced with an annular die section (19) which has an inner surface (23) that coincides with the outer surface (13) of the pressure part (12) ), where the die clip (19) acts as a support for the end of the semi-finished product (1), which in the fourth stage the pressure part (12) exerts a sufficiently large pressure on the end of the wall of the semi-finished product (19) so that the end wall of the semi-finished product (1) is separated from of the side wall until the semi-finished product (1) is formed, which in both the first and second stages the end wall (3) of the cavity (4) of the mold (5) is formed by means of the means (9) for closing which are held against one end of the cavity (4) for closure for its closure, wherein the means (9) for closure consist of a cup-shaped body (18) having a side wall (19) and an end wall (20) and a closure (21) designed to fit inside the body (18), the side wall of the body (18) forms a die cut (19). And the side wall of the body (18) and the closure (21) determines the end surface of the mold cavity; wherein the closure means (9) is removed from the mold in the third stage due to the removal of the closure (21) from the body (18) which is placed back on the mold for re-moulding; whereby in the fifth stage the pressure part (12) is pulled out and in the sixth stage the pressure part (12) presses the end of the semi-finished product (1).

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that in the fifth stage, the pressure part (12) is pulled out of the cavity (4) of the mold (5) and the section of the matrix (19) of the mold (5) is separated, while in the sixth stage the pressure part ( 12) adequately presses the end of the semi-finished product (1) opposite to the end that contacts the die cut (19), so that the tubular semi-finished product (1) is axially pressed into the cavity and out of it from the side from which the die cut (19) is visible, whereby a head (25) is placed on the pressure part (12), which has the same outer diameter as the cavity (4).

3. the process according to claims 1-2, indicated by the fact that the pressure part (12) is adjusted in the second stage in engagement with the first head (25) which has an outer diameter equal to the inner diameter of the tubular semi-finished product (1), in the sixth stage, with with another head (27) which has the same outer diameter as the tubular semi-finished product (1).

4. The method according to one of claims 1-3, characterized in that in the first stage the workpiece (2) is heated to a temperature before insertion into the cavity (4) of the mold (5), preferably at 850-950°.