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HRP20240789T1 - Pečeno keramičko kalupljeno tijelo i postupak za proizvodnju pečenog keramičkog kalupljenog tijela korištenjem elektromagnetskog zračenja maksimalne frekvencije od 300 ghz - Google Patents

Pečeno keramičko kalupljeno tijelo i postupak za proizvodnju pečenog keramičkog kalupljenog tijela korištenjem elektromagnetskog zračenja maksimalne frekvencije od 300 ghz Download PDF

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Publication number
HRP20240789T1
HRP20240789T1 HRP20240789TT HRP20240789T HRP20240789T1 HR P20240789 T1 HRP20240789 T1 HR P20240789T1 HR P20240789T T HRP20240789T T HR P20240789TT HR P20240789 T HRP20240789 T HR P20240789T HR P20240789 T1 HRP20240789 T1 HR P20240789T1
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molded body
fired ceramic
green
indicated
shaped body
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HRP20240789TT
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Carsten Ackerhans
Alois Hacker
Franz Kreupl
Alexander Josef STOLL
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Erlus Aktiengesellschaft
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Publication of HRP20240789T1 publication Critical patent/HRP20240789T1/hr

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/0003—Linings or walls
    • F27D1/0006—Linings or walls formed from bricks or layers with a particular composition or specific characteristics
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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    • C04B33/00—Clay-wares
    • C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
    • C04B33/04—Clay; Kaolin
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    • C04B33/00—Clay-wares
    • C04B33/32—Burning methods
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    • C04B33/00—Clay-wares
    • C04B33/32—Burning methods
    • C04B33/34—Burning methods combined with glazing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/64—Burning or sintering processes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/16—Making or repairing linings ; Increasing the durability of linings; Breaking away linings
    • F27D1/1621—Making linings by using shaped elements, e.g. bricks
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    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/38—Non-oxide ceramic constituents or additives
    • C04B2235/3804—Borides
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    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
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    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
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    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
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    • C04B2235/38—Non-oxide ceramic constituents or additives
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    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/38—Non-oxide ceramic constituents or additives
    • C04B2235/3852—Nitrides, e.g. oxynitrides, carbonitrides, oxycarbonitrides, lithium nitride, magnesium nitride
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    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
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    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
    • C04B2235/66—Specific sintering techniques, e.g. centrifugal sintering
    • C04B2235/667—Sintering using wave energy, e.g. microwave sintering
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  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
  • Shielding Devices Or Components To Electric Or Magnetic Fields (AREA)
  • Constitution Of High-Frequency Heating (AREA)

Claims (16)

1. Pečeno keramičko oblikovano tijelo (1), pri čemu se pečeno keramičko oblikovano tijelo (1) sastoji od jezgre (3) i rubnog područja (2) koji u potpunosti obuhvaća jezgru (3), naznačeno time, da jezgra (3) i rubno područje (2) imaju specifičan volumen pora, pri čemu specifični volumen pora jezgre (3) nije veći od 8%, poželjno ne više od 6% veći od specifične pore volumena rubnog područja (2), pri čemu se specifični volumen pora u svakom slučaju određuje postupkom u skladu sa DIN ISO 15901-1:2019-03, pri čemu je pečeno keramičko oblikovano tijelo (1) gruba keramika, pri čemu je pečeno keramičko oblikovano tijelo (1) oblikovano od pečene gline i/ili pečene ilovače i/ili groga.
2. Pečeno keramičko oblikovano tijelo (1) prema zahtjevu 1, naznačeno time, da je omjer specifičnog volumena pora rubnog područja (2) prema specifičnom volumenu pora jezgre (3) pečenog keramičkog oblikovanog tijela (1) veći od 0,925, poželjno veći od 0,945.
3. Pečeno keramičko oblikovano tijelo (1) prema bilo kojem od prethodnih zahtjeva, naznačeno time, da pečeno keramičko oblikovano tijelo (1) ima specifični volumen pora u materijalu jezgre (3) od najviše 110 mm 3 /g određen postupkom u skladu sa DIN ISO 15901-1:2019-03.
4. Pečeno keramičko oblikovano tijelo prema bilo kojem od prethodnih zahtjeva, naznačeno time, da pečeno keramičko oblikovano tijelo (1) sadrži najmanje jedan mikrovalni susceptor (4) koji je homogeno raspoređen u pečenom keramičkom oblikovanom tijelu (1).
5. Pečeno keramičko oblikovano tijelo (1) prema bilo kojem od prethodnih zahtjeva, naznačeno time, da pečeno keramičko oblikovano tijelo (1) sadrži barem jednu podpodručje od najmanje jedne površine ili po cijeloj površini najmanje jednu površinsku prevlaku, pri čemu je najmanje jedna površinska prevlaka površinska prevlaka za pročišćavanje zraka i/ili samočisteći površinski premaz.
6. Pečeno keramičko oblikovano tijelo (1) prema bilo kojem od prethodnih zahtjeva, naznačeno time, da pri okomitom promatranju frontalne ravnine koju premošćuje pečeno keramičko oblikovano tijelo (1) udaljenost od površine koja je okrenuta prema promatraču do suprotne površine oblikovanog tijela je u rasponu od 6 mm do 365 mm i/ili time što je bočni opseg oblikovanog tijela od pečene keramike (1) u najmanje jednom smjeru duž frontalne ravnine koju premošćuje oblikovano tijelo od pečene keramike (1) najmanje 11 cm.
7. Pečeno keramičko oblikovano tijelo (1) prema bilo kojem od prethodnih zahtjeva, naznačeno time, da pečeno keramičko oblikovano tijelo (1) je crijep, fasadna ploča, tuljac, klinker opeka, cigla, grog opeka ili element dimnjaka.
8. Postupak za proizvodnju pečenog keramičkog oblikovanog tijela (1), pri čemu postupak sadrži sljedeće stupnjeve: (a) osiguravanje najmanje jednog zelenog oblikovanog tijela (10), pri čemu je zeleno oblikovano tijelo (10) dimenzionalno stabilno i temelji se na nepečenoj ilovači i/ili nepečenoj glini, (b) izborno sušenje najmanje jednog zelenog oblikovanog tijela (10) da se dobije barem djelomično osušeno zeleno oblikovano tijelo (10) i (c) pečenje najmanje jednog barem djelomično osušenog zelenog oblikovanog tijela (10) dobivenog u stupnju (b) da se dobije najmanje jedno pečeno keramičko oblikovano tijelo, naznačeno time, da najmanje paljenje zelenog oblikovanog tijela (10) u stupnju (c) izvodi se izlaganjem najmanje jednog zelenog oblikovanog tijela (10) elektromagnetskom zračenju koje ima frekvenciju u rasponu od 300 MHz do 300 GHz, pri čemu se stupanj ( c) izvodi u temperaturnom rasponu u kojem na kraju stupnja (c) pečeno keramičko oblikovano tijelo barem djelomično ima površinsku temperaturu u rasponu od 900°C do 1400°C, pri čemu pečeno keramičko oblikovano tijelo (1 ) je gruba keramika, pri čemu pečeno keramičko oblikovano tijelo (1) ima jezgru (3) i rubno područje (2) koje u potpunosti obuhvaća materijal jezgre (3) i pri čemu materijal jezgre (3) i rubno područje ( 2) imaju specifični volumen pora, pri čemu specifični volumen pora jezgre (3) nije veći od 8%, poželjno ne više od 6%, veći od specifičnog volumena pora rubnog područja (2), pri čemu se specifični volumen pora u svakom slučaju određuje postupkom u skladu sa DIN ISO 15901-1:2019-03.
9. Postupak prema zahtjevu 8, naznačen time, da se u stupnju (c) barem jedno tijelo zelenog oblika (10) podvrgava elektromagnetskom zračenju s prosječnom gustoćom snage od najmanje 600 W/kg na temelju mase najmanje jednog tijela zelenog oblika (10) prisutnog na početku stupnja (c).
10. Postupak prema bilo kojem od Zahtjeva 8 ili 9, naznačen time, da se u stupnju (b) najmanje jedno zeleno oblikovano tijelo (10) dobiveno u stupnju (a) suši izlaganjem elektromagnetskom zračenju koje ima frekvenciju od najviše 300 GHz, i/ili time što se u stupnju (b) dovodi dodatni plin, poželjno vrući plin koji ima temperaturu od najmanje 80°C.
11. Postupak prema zahtjevima 8 do 10, naznačen time, da se u stupnju (b) najmanje jedno zeleno oblikovano tijelo (10) podvrgava elektromagnetskom zračenju u trajanju od najmanje 30 minuta i/ili time, da je u stupnju (c) najmanje jedno zeleno oblikovano tijelo (10) podvrgnuto elektromagnetskom zračenju u trajanju od najmanje 15 min.
12. Postupak prema bilo kojem od Zahtjeva 8 do 11, naznačen time, da je najmanje na početku stupnja (c) najmanje jedno zeleno oblikovano tijelo (10) obloženo s najmanje jednom prevlakom, pri čemu je prevlaka propusna za elektromagnetsko zračenje do razine od najmanje 20% i ima toplinsku vodljivost od najviše 0,30 W/(m·K) i gdje prevlaka ima poželjno stabilizirajuću i/ili potpornu funkciju u odnosu na zeleno oblikovano tijelo (10).
13. Postupak prema bilo kojem od zahtjeva 8 do 12, naznačen time, da najmanje jedno zeleno oblikovano tijelo (10) pripremljeno u stupnju (a) sadrži najmanje jedan mikrovalni suceptor (4), poželjno u omjeru od najviše 10% težine na temelju suhe težine zelenog oblikovanog tijela (10) pripremljeno u stupnju (a).
14. Postupak prema bilo kojem od Zahtjeva 8 do 13, naznačen time, da pripremljeno u stupnju (b) barem jedno zeleno oblikovano tijelo (10) je navlaženo, pri čemu se vlažnost zelenog oblikovanog tijela (10) i/ili okolnog volumena podešava na primjer zasićenjem plinske faze koja okružuje zeleno oblikovano tijelo (10) parom.
15. Postupak prema bilo kojem od Zahtjeva 8 do 14, naznačen time, da se postupak odvija kontinuirano.
16. Postupak prema bilo kojem od Zahtjeva 8 do 15, naznačen time, da se najmanje jedan površinski premaz nanosi na najmanje podpodručje najmanje jedne površine najmanje jednog zelenog oblikovanog tijela (10) nakon stupnja (a), najmanje jednog barem djelomično osušenog zelenog oblikovanog tijela (10) nakon stupnja (b) ili najmanje jednog pečenog keramičkog oblikovanog tijela (1) nakon stupnja (c).
HRP20240789TT 2022-02-23 2022-02-23 Pečeno keramičko kalupljeno tijelo i postupak za proizvodnju pečenog keramičkog kalupljenog tijela korištenjem elektromagnetskog zračenja maksimalne frekvencije od 300 ghz HRP20240789T1 (hr)

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ES (1) ES2981349T3 (hr)
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EP4509483A1 (de) * 2023-08-18 2025-02-19 Erlus Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur herstellung eines gebrannten grobkeramischen formkörpers unter verwendung von elektromagnetischer strahlung mit einer frequenz von 300 mhz bis 300 ghz

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PL4235073T3 (pl) 2024-07-15
EP4235073A1 (de) 2023-08-30
EP4235073C0 (de) 2024-03-20
ES2981349T3 (es) 2024-10-08

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