HRP20181780A2 - Portable device for giving gas mixture during cardiopulmonal reanimacy of patients - Google Patents

Abstract

A portable fan or device (10) for delivering a mixture of oxygen, argon and optionally other gases to patients with cardiac arrest ischemia, comprising: - at least one cylindrical vessel (12) containing a mixture of oxygen, argon and possibly other gases; - a valve (13) connected to a cylindrical vessel (12), which acts as the first pressure reducer of the gas mixture exiting directly from the cylindrical vessel (12); - a control unit (14) comprised of a PLC, in which programs and algorithms that control the operation of the device (10) are stored; and - a second pressure reducer and a control system (16) operated by the PLC, gas mixtures dosed from a cylindrical receptacle (12) coming from the first pressure reducer (13); with the device (10), through a mask (17) that can be placed in the compartment (18) of the device, supplies the patient with a mixture of low-pressure gases, driven by a second pressure reducer and a control system (16); and in that the device (10), for the purpose of supplying the patient to be resuscitated by the gas mixture, is arranged to have three different modes or options, as functions of the user type, namely simple mode, intermediate mode and advanced mode. fan or device (10) for providing a mixture of oxygen, argon and optionally other gases to patients having heart failure caused by ischemia comprising: - at least one cylindrical vessel (12) containing a mixture of oxygen, argon and possibly other gases; - a valve (13) connected to the cylindrical vessel (12) acting as the first pressure reducer of the gas mixture exiting directly from the cylindrical vessel (12); - a control unit (14) made up of a PLC, in which the programs and algorithms that control the operation of the device (10) are stored; and - a second pressure reducer and control system (16) controlled by the PLC, and a mixture of gases from the cylindrical vessel (12) coming from the first pressure reducer (13); the device (10), via the mask (17), which can be located in the compartment (18) of the device, supplies the patient with a low pressure gaseous mixture supplied by the other pressure reducer and the control system (16) ; and the device (10), for the purpose of supplying a patient to be resuscitated with a gas mixture, is arranged as having three different modes of operation or options as a user-type function, namely a simple, intermediate and advanced mode of operation.

Description

Patent area

The subject patent relates to the field of medical devices used in cardiopulmonary resuscitation, typically for the purpose of preventing cardiac and cerebral lesions caused by ischemia and/or interrupted or reduced blood supply to the brain in a patient with cardiac arrest, and in particular to a device that is portable, so if necessary, it can be used immediately and simply by placing a breathing mask on the patient's face in order to administer a special mixture of gases containing oxygen and argon or oxygen and argon and other gases.

State of the art

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, also denoted by the abbreviation CPR, is an emergency procedure that combines and connects chest compression and artificial ventilation of the lungs, in order to preserve the function of the brain and heart by performing manual and mechanical operations, until other measures are taken to establish spontaneous and normal blood circulation in people affected by cerebral ischemia, usually after cardiac arrest.

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation or CPR is particularly recommended for those who, in the event of cardiac arrest and subsequent ischemia, are unresponsive and not breathing at all or breathing abnormally.

The emergency procedure of cardiopulmonary resuscitation also includes devices that we call CPR ventilators or simply ventilators, which are known and widely used, intended to supply the lungs of a patient affected by ischemia with a mixture of gases, which usually contains oxygen, for the purpose of oxygenation and preservation of brain functions, and in combination with manual or by mechanical compression of the chest, promotes cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the shortest possible time.

More precisely, a gas mixture containing oxygen is introduced into the patient's lungs using a special breathing mask that the operator of the device places on the patient's face or by endotracheal intubation.

In the event of ischemia caused by a cardiac arrest and thus interrupted blood supply to the brain, it is necessary to provide the patient with a gas mixture containing oxygen as soon as possible.

Considering the unexpectedness and urgency of the situations in which such devices are usually used, it is also appropriate that they can be handled by personnel without special preparation and training.

On the other hand, devices for cardiopulmonary resuscitation or CPR ventilators must have such properties that they also allow trained persons and especially medical personnel to act selectively with different approaches, depending on the circumstances and lesions of the patient.

It is also clear that, in the event of a clinical manifestation, the prompt availability of a CPR ventilator is of fundamental importance, as is the use of the correct mixture given to the patient.

Cardiac arrest is a dramatic clinical manifestation that can occur suddenly and often without warning signs.

This clinical manifestation is indicated by a sudden loss of consciousness caused by the interruption of blood flow to the brain, which occurs when the heart stops pumping blood to the brain.

As shown by various sources, cardiac arrest is one of the main causes of death in the Western world, and the number of people affected varies between 350,000 and 700,000 per year in the USA, Canada and Europe.

Argon was first used in the thirties by deep-sea divers.

It was later discovered that argon has a soporific effect under hyperbaric conditions and has mild anesthetic properties under normobaric conditions.

Based on these effects, argon has been used mainly as an inert gas with a screening function in many industrial applications and in medical devices.

In addition, many documents describe the neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects of argon. In particular, the medical literature reports tests showing that argon, along with other noble gases with anesthetic properties, such as helium and neon, has a cardioprotective effect when used to prepare rabbits before 30-minute occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery.

It has also been confirmed that the benefit for the patient is greater if the mixture of argon/oxygen or argon/oxygen and other gases is given to the patient as soon as possible.

However, prior art documents, while describing the use and administration of argon as a preventive means of protecting the myocardium, do not clearly describe the use and administration of argon for therapeutic purposes or for therapeutic treatments.

To date, as the Applicant may have observed, there is no cardiopulmonary resuscitation or CPR device or ventilator on the market that is specifically designed and engineered to deliver a mixture consisting of argon and oxygen, or argon, oxygen and other gases, for the purpose of preventing and avoiding cardiac and cerebral lesions in a patient who is under the influence of ischemia caused by cardiac arrest, and which is also simple, portable, effective as required by the emergency situations in which the device for cardiopulmonary resuscitation is usually used.

The CPR ventilator that is the subject of this utility model application fulfills the needs shown above, and furthermore, since it has reduced dimensions and portability features, it is suitable for inclusion in medical first aid equipment and especially to be placed next to a defibrillator.

In addition, for completeness of information, we emphasize that the Applicant has already submitted a European patent application (EP16183930.3), with the area of use and exploitation of the properties and effects of argon in the biological and medical field, which describes a special mixture of gases, containing primarily oxygen and argon , and optionally other gases, intended to be given to the patient simultaneously with cardiopulmonary resuscitation CPR, as part of it, in order to avoid cerebral and cardiac damage caused in the patient by ischemia and/or interruption or reduction of blood flow to the brain after cardiac arrest.

A brief overview of the useful model

Therefore, the primary goal of this useful model is to propose and make a new, useful and practical device or ventilator for cardiopulmonary resuscitation, which eliminates the shortcomings of the previously presented state of the art and in particular enables the good use and administration of a mixture of gases containing oxygen and argon, as part of and simultaneously with by emergency cardiopulmonary resuscitation, which combines chest compression and artificial respiration, in order to prevent and avoid cardiac and cerebral lesions in a patient affected by ischemia after cardiac arrest.

The second goal of this useful model, in any case related to the previous subject, is to realize a new device, capable of giving a mixture of oxygen and argon simultaneously with an emergency procedure of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, which is portable, thus enabling, in case of need, its prompt and simple use for administering a mixture of gases to a patient in a state of ischemia after cardiac arrest.

A further goal of this useful model is also the realization of a new device, which can be used in the field of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, which has suitable properties corresponding to the type and skills of the operator who in a particular case uses it to administer a mixture of oxygen and argon to a patient affected by ischemia, i.e. an untrained operator , a trained operator and a doctor.

The above-mentioned objectives can be achieved entirely by means of a device or a ventilator for administering a mixture of gases during cardiopulmonary resuscitation of a patient, which has the features described in the main patent claim 1.

Preferably, the ventilator of the utility model is designed so that it can be used by an untrained person, which allows anyone to give the patient a mixture of oxygen and argon gases in the first minutes after the clinical event, that is, immediately after the patient shows signs of ischemia caused by cardiac arrest .

More precisely, as shown below, the fan is developed and constructed so

that it is suitable for safe use by:

- people without training or special training,

- trained persons who, for example, arrive at the scene of a clinical event by ambulance, such as volunteers working as medical personnel; and professional staff, i.e. doctors.

As already emphasized, the place where the utility model in question is located and accessible is also of fundamental importance, and should preferably be located very close to the site of the clinical event.

A good solution, for example, is to place a ventilator near the defibrillator, assuming that there is usually a larger number of personnel responsible for dealing with a patient in cardiac arrest who needs to be resuscitated.

Obviously, ventilators must also be available in ambulances, hospitals, clinics and clinics, and must be designed to meet the requirements of sea or air transport, and transport by emergency vehicles in general.

Brief description of the drawing

These and other objects, features and advantages of the subject utility model will become clearer and more apparent from the following description of one of the most preferred embodiments thereof, which is given by way of non-limiting example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings:

Drawing 1 is a three-dimensional graphic representation of a device or ventilator, in accordance with the subject utility model, for administering a mixture of oxygen and argon and other gases to a patient to be resuscitated;

Figure 2 is a functional block diagram of the device of Figure 1, a utility model for administering a mixture of gases, containing oxygen and argon, to a patient during cardiopulmonary resuscitation; and

Figure 3 is a working block diagram showing the use and operation of the apparatus of Figures 1 and 2 for administering a mixture of gases during cardiopulmonary resuscitation of a patient.

Description of the desired performance of the device or fan in accordance with the useful model

As already stated, the goal of this useful model is a new, useful and convenient device or ventilator intended for use in cardiopulmonary resuscitation, also denoted by the abbreviation CPR, that is, which is capable of ventilating and introducing a mixture of gases into the patient's lungs, during the resuscitation of the same, and for this reason it is also called a CPR ventilator.

According to the first basic property of the useful model in question, the mixture of gases that is given by this device or the CPR ventilator to the patient during resuscitation, in particular contains oxygen and argon, or oxygen and argon plus other gases, for the purpose of preventing and avoiding cardiac and cerebral lesions in the patient, caused by ischemia and/or reperfusion after cardiac arrest.

More precisely, the useful model is based on the discovery that administration of argon through the respiratory system, simultaneously with manual methods and procedures of cardiopulmonary resuscitation of a person affected by cardiac arrest, successfully protects both myocardial cells and neural cells from lesions caused by ischemia and/or reperfusion after cardiac arrest.

Therefore, according to the utility model proposal, administration of argon together and simultaneously with standard procedures and instructions of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, enables improved and more effective cardioprotection, as well as improved and more effective neuroprotection, compared to administration of argon only after cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

To reiterate, in accordance with the following advantageous feature of the utility model, the device or CPR ventilator is portable and easy to use, so that it allows prompt and easy administration of a gas mixture containing argon to a patient at the time of a clinical event, or when the patient is exposed to ischemia after cardiac arrest. .

As is known, cardiopulmonary resuscitation usually consists of manual or mechanical chest compressions along with ventilation, or blowing air into the patient's lungs, or consists of chest compressions alone.

The advantage of the CPR ventilator from the subject utility model is that it enables its use also during resuscitation procedures, that is, during compression and expansion of the patient's chest, as shown schematically by the double CPR arrow in drawing 2.

In a similar way as provided by the current state of the art, the gas mixture can also be administered passively, by introducing the gas mixture via a catheter into the respiratory system of the patient who needs to be resuscitated.

There are examples of this application where the gas is introduced through a nasal catheter or mask, directly into a supraglottic device or into an endotracheal tube, or also with jet ventilation and oscillatory ventilation.

Briefly, in the context shown above, the purpose of the device or ventilator of the utility model is to enable forced ventilation of a shielding gas mixture containing argon in a patient during cardiopulmonary resuscitation, at the scene of a clinical event, until the patient's arrival at a hospital emergency department.

Therefore, the CPR ventilator can also be used to protect and restore the patient's cardiac circulation, both initially during the performance of cardiopulmonary resuscitation procedures, and later upon the patient's arrival at the hospital with first aid and intensive care services.

As stated, the CPR ventilator is specially designed to administer to a patient suffering from ischemia, a mixture of oxygen and argon or oxygen, argon and other inert gases, and it is indicated that the concentration of argon in a mixture composed exclusively of argon and oxygen is preferably between 20 and 80 percent by volume.

In addition, as already stated, the gas mixture may also contain other gases such as: helium, krypton, neon, xenon, nitrogen, hydrogen and in this case the preferred concentration of argon is above 10%.

The CPR ventilator from the useful model is equipped with batteries, and guarantees ventilation time between 30 minutes and 2 hours, preferably between 30 and 60 minutes, of the gas mixture of the patient who needs to be resuscitated.

In case electrical outlets are available (for example in ambulances), the ventilator can be charged or used continuously via an electrical outlet.

More precisely, as detailed below, this ventilator is developed and implemented starting from a storage system in which a mixture of gases containing argon is stored, then passing through a pneumatic circuit to an interface with the patient, indicated that the interface may be a nasal mask or a nose and mouth mask, or also a connector to connect to the corresponding connector on the endotracheal tube.

The CPR ventilator is also equipped with a system for limiting the pressure of the respiratory system in order to prevent damage to the patient's lungs from excessive pressure; a lung pressure indicator and a series of analog and digital indicators that show the correct operation of the CPR ventilator, coordinated with the regular rhythm of the patient's breathing during cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

In addition, the advantage of the CPR ventilator from the utility model is that it is portable, battery powered, can also be externally powered by connection to the electrical system, and can be connected to a defibrillator module.

We repeat, as described below, the utility model device has been developed and realized for safe use based on different and special modes of operation, by:

- a person without training or special instructions, according to the way of working called "simple option";

- trained persons who, for example, arrive at the scene of a clinical event by ambulance, to a patient affected by cardiac arrest, or voluntary hospital staff, according to the mode of operation of the device called "middle option";

- medical staff, according to the mode of operation called "advanced option";

In more detail, taking into account these possible different modes of operation of the device, the patient's breathing sequence can be chosen by a qualified doctor, for example using a USB stick, or instead is fully automatic in the case when the device is used by non-medical personnel.

As expected and shown in Figure 1, the utility model CPR ventilator is lightweight and characterized by a reduced size, to demonstrate portability features.

In more detail, the CPR device is designed to have dimensions and weight suitable for comfortable and easy carrying on the operator's back.

For example, according to drawing 1, the indicative dimensions of a CPR ventilator without a cylindrical vessel or additional cylindrical vessels containing oxygen, intended for special use, as described below, corresponding to the "advanced option" for physicians are:

- L1 = 400 +/- 100 mm

- L2 = 600 +/- 150 mm

- L3 = 250 +/- 150 mm

The indicative weight is less than 5 kg.

Of course, the above dimensions and weights are not binding, but can be changed as a function of the possible applications for which the CPR fan is intended.

In more detail, with reference to drawing 1 and the corresponding working block diagram in drawing 2, the device or portable fan, the object of this useful model, is indicated by the number 10 and contains:

- tubular support frame 11, which carries various parts of the device or fan 10;

- at least one cylindrical container, marked with number 12, containing a mixture of gases M consisting of oxygen and argon (O+A) to be administered to the patient P during resuscitation;

- the valve 13, connected to the cylindrical vessel 12, usually placed in the "closed" position to prevent the exit of the gas mixture M from the cylindrical vessel 12, and the valve 13 is able to act as the first pressure reducer of the gas mixture M when it exits and is delivered directly from the cylindrical vessel containers 12;

- control unit 14, made up of a PLC, in which programs and algorithms are stored that manage and control the operation of the device 10;

- the second pressure reducer and regulation system, marked with the number 16, of the flow of gas mixture M delivered by the cylindrical container 12, and which comes from the first pressure reducer 13, indicated that the control unit 14 manages the operation of the second pressure reducer and the regulation system 16; and

- the control panel 15, connected to the control unit 14, with which the operator controls the flow of the gas mixture supplied by the device 10, characterized by the fact that the control panel 15 has a visual display or screen 15a on which signals and information regarding the operation of the device 10 are visible to the operator.

In addition, taking into account the widest possible choice of places where it is used, the device 10 from the useful model is powered by a battery, indicated by the number 21 in drawing 2, and the battery 21 is indicated by the fact that it is sized to guarantee the operation of the device 10 and the flow of the mixture of gases M in a time between 30 and 60 minutes, can be topped up by connecting to a common charger, such as is installed in emergency vehicles for example.

During the use of the device 10, the visual display or screen 15a included in the control panel 15, is able to produce a visual signal "NOT WORKING" if the battery 21 that drives the device 10 is discharged, and therefore cannot supply energy.

In more detail, the message "NOT WORKING" is generated automatically and appears on the screen 15a when there is no more energy in the battery 21, and while the charge in the battery 21 of the device 10 is sufficient, the screen 15a does not display any message and is therefore dimmed, or, in another version, the word "ACTIVE" or some other word of similar meaning appears.

Furthermore, as described below, the display 15a of the control panel 15 has the function of visually indicating to the operator, before starting to administer the gas mixture to the patient to be resuscitated or who is already being resuscitated, that everything in the device 10 is working properly and it is ready for use .

The device 10 is further connected to a breathing mask 17, which can be stored in a compartment 18 incorporated in the same device 10, for the purpose of delivering to the patient being resuscitated a mixture of gases M of reduced pressure, which arrives via the second pressure reducer and regulation system 16.

That compartment 18, built into the device 10, is spacious enough to receive both the breathing mask 17 necessary to give the patient the gas mixture M supplied by the cylindrical vessel 12, and the flexible tube, marked 19, which connects the breathing mask 17 to the flow regulation system 16 gas mixture to be given to the patient.

It is preferable that the cylindrical vessel 12, in which the mixture of gases containing oxygen and argon is, is made of composite material in order to reduce the weight and facilitate the transport and transfer of the device 10.

In general, the cylindrical vessel 12 can be made and lined with any type of material, provided that the material in contact with the gas mixture M contained in the cylindrical vessel 12 is compatible with it.

The pressure of the mixture of gases in the cylindrical vessel 12 can reach up to 450 bar, and preferably around 300 bar.

The capacity of the cylindrical vessel 12 containing the gas mixture varies from 0.5 to 3 liters of geometric volume, and the preferred volume is 2 liters, so that at an operating pressure of 450 bar it can contain up to 800 liters of gas mixture.

The valve 13 connected to the cylindrical vessel 12 can be a common commercial valve, or in a preferred embodiment be appropriately designed and dimensioned so as to enable the flow of previously determined ratios and amounts of gas mixture M under final pressure, which exits the cylindrical vessel 12, so that it also acts as pressure reducer.

It is desirable that the pressure of the gas mixture M after the valve 13, that is at the exit from the cylindrical vessel 12, be between 1 and 10 bar.

As already stated, the gas mixture contained in the cylindrical container 12 has at least 20% oxygen.

Preferably, in the case of using the "advanced option" mode of operation, the gas mixture is enriched with oxygen, for example, to a concentration of 50% oxygen or more, with the remaining argon.

The same methods adopted for obtaining a mixture enriched in a variable way with oxygen, can also be applied to mixtures composed of other gases.

Gas mixtures given to patients can contain only argon and oxygen, or, as already mentioned, can be mixtures containing argon, oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, xenon, helium, krypton, neon in different concentrations, since the action of the ventilator 10 does not depend on the specific composition of the gas mixture that is given to the patient during resuscitation.

As detailed below, if the device or ventilator 10 is set to work on the basis of "simple option" or "medium option", the concentration of oxygen that will be received by the patient cannot be changed, but is equal to the concentration of oxygen in the mixture of gases in the cylindrical dish 12.

In contrast, in the case of the "advanced option" intended for doctors, the oxygen concentration can be adjusted accordingly by the medical staff themselves.

When using the device 10, the flow of the gas mixture M coming out of the cylindrical container 12, even if it is already under reduced pressure by passing through the valve 13 in the open position, enters the zone or part of the device 10 in which the pressure and flow rate are regulated in a more precise way.

In more detail, this part of the device 10 contains a series of devices that enable precise and efficient control of the flow of the gas mixture M, in function of the breathing characteristics of the patient P during resuscitation.

This part of the device 10 also houses the control unit 14, that is, the PLC, which manages the operation of the device 10 itself.

The remaining part of the device 10, which is free and not occupied by the cylindrical container 12, the control unit 14 and the second pressure reducer and the regulation system 16 of the flow of the gas mixture M, is used to define and shape the section 18, in which the breathing mask 17 can be placed and flexible pipe 19, which connects them with another pressure reducer and regulation system 16.

The breathing mask 17 connected to and located in the device or ventilator 10 usually corresponds to a "basic model" so that it implies simple use by the operator and, in particular, does not require a perfect fit to the patient's face during application.

Thus, in this way, that is, by using a breathing mask 17 of a regular and standard type, easy to use, without the need for special skills, the infliction of pneumatic damage to the patient's internal organs by untrained persons is avoided during the operation of the ventilator 10 and its use on the "simple option".

Therefore, the differences in the features and achievements of the device 10 from the utility model, when operating on the basis of the "simple option", compared to the operation on the basis of the "medium option", also relate to the type of mask that can be used by the operator of the device 10.

More specifically, when the ventilator 10 is used on an "intermediate option" basis, the breathing mask may be located in an appropriate special compartment of the device 10, along with a warning visible on the ventilator 10 itself, such as, for example, "THIS MASK MAY ONLY BE USED BY MEDICAL PERSONNEL." , or with some similar warning.

On the other hand, the breathing mask used in the case of the "simple option" is already connected to the corresponding flexible tube, through which it is connected to the second pressure reducer and to the regulation system 16 of the fan 10.

With reference to the drawing, and more specifically with reference to the working block diagram in drawing 3, below follows a description of the use and operation of the device 10, according to a useful model, for administering a gas mixture M containing oxygen and argon (O + A) to a patient in a state of cerebral ischemia , during cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

With the aim of simple and prompt use of the device or ventilator 10, by the operator, on the board 20, which is conveniently part of the device 10 shown in drawing 1, the various procedures that should be taken for correct operation and quick use of the device on the patient are briefly described and symbolically shown in a state of cerebral ischemia.

In detail, the procedures to be taken by the operator, when the patient is affected by cerebral ischemia usually after cardiac arrest, and therefore, as indicated at blocks 31, 32 and 33 in Figure 3, the operator decides to use the device or ventilator 10 of the utility model, and the procedures are as follows:

- open the valve 13 connected to the cylindrical vessel 12, and allow the free passage of the gas mixture M from the cylindrical vessel 12;

- place the control lever 15b in the standby position, shown in drawing 1, included in the control panel 15 of the fan 10;

- check the signal on the screen 15a of the control panel 15, which shows that everything in the fan 10 is working correctly;

- through the control panel 15, select the height of the patient P who needs to be resuscitated, by pressing the corresponding figure shown on the panel 15 itself;

- put the breathing mask 17 on the face of the patient P who needs to be resuscitated; and

- switch the control handle 15b from the standby position to the fan control position 10.

As mentioned, the correct order of the above-described procedures to be taken is usefully indicated on the device 10 itself, and may also be guided by recorded speech.

In general, according to block 34 in Figure 3, these procedures have the purpose of adequately preparing the ventilator 10 before starting it, in order to administer the gas mixture M to a patient in a state of cerebral ischemia, who needs to be resuscitated as quickly as possible.

It is stated that it is desirable that the valve 13, connected to the cylindrical vessel 12, be of a special type, without the possibility of adjustment, so that it can only be set from the initial closed position to the open position in which the valve 13 is fully open, and, when the fan operator 10 once placed in the open position, it can be returned to the closed position again.

In this way, a malfunction of the valve 13 is avoided in disturbing moments when the ventilator 10 is started and used on the patient.

The selection of the height of the patient P regulates and determines the automatic flow of gas mixture M based on algorithms and programs stored in the PLC control unit 14.

At that moment, when the preparatory phase is completed, the device 10, as shown by block 36 in Figure 3, is put into operation according to a special mode of operation corresponding to the type and skills of the operator, for the purpose of giving the patient P a mixture of gases M containing oxygen and argon , simultaneously with cardiopulmonary resuscitation symbolized by the double CPR arrow in drawing 2, in order to prevent cerebral and neurological damage to patient P.

Thus, if the device 10 is included in the operation according to the mode of operation corresponding to the "simple option", it will work to provide the mixture of gases M based on the program stored in the control unit 14, which corresponds to that "simple option", as shown by the blocks 37 and 37-1 in drawing 3.

On the other hand, if the device 10 is operated according to the mode of operation corresponding to the "middle option", it will work to supply the gas mixture M based on the program stored in the control unit 14, which corresponds to that "middle option", as shown blocks 38 and 38-1 in drawing 3.

Finally, if the device 10 is operated according to the mode of operation corresponding to the "advanced option", it will work to supply the gas mixture M based on the program stored in the control unit 14, which corresponds to that "advanced option", as shown by the blocks 39 and 39-1 in drawing 3.

As shown earlier, the basic difference between the use option called "simple option" and the use option called "medium option" is reflected in the difference in the type of mask that untrained personnel according to the "simple option" and on the other hand trained personnel according to the "medium option" can use for giving the patient P a mixture of gases M, which contains oxygen and argon.

In addition, there are other important differences that highlight the mode called "advanced option", prepared and reserved for doctors, compared to the other two modes "simple option" and "intermediate option" prepared for untrained people and those trained at an intermediate level.

In more detail, doctors or other persons and experts, who are specially trained or who are legally responsible for the use of ventilator 10, have at their disposal an additional device, different from the device or ventilator 10, which can be connected to it if necessary.

More precisely, this additional device or additional part of the fan 10 consists of:

- cylindrical containers containing oxygen or cylindrical containers containing a mixture of gases enriched with oxygen; and

- a special software key (code), for entering the program for managing that additional device or additional part of the fan 10.

-

This additional and different part is not provided in the set with the ventilator 10, but is usually carried by doctors or in any case trained persons, who arrive at the scene of a clinical event, to help and resuscitate the patient, for example by ambulance.

Similar to the cylindrical vessel 12 which is included in, and is an integral part of, the device 10, this additional cylindrical vessel containing the enriched oxygen mixture is also made of a composite material, in order to be as light as possible.

The working pressure in this additional cylindrical container can go up to 450 bar, but it is preferable to be around 300 bar.

In use, the additional cylindrical container can be connected in a very simple way to the device or fan 10, and is equipped with a suitable pressure reduction valve, which is assembled to work in the same way as the valve 13 connected to the cylindrical container 12, which contains a mixture of gases M with argon is an integral and basic part of the fan 10, so that pressure reduction valve can only be set in two positions, "open" and "closed", and once it is opened, it cannot be closed again.

Using the software key, the doctor can access many functions controlled by the PLC control unit 14 of the ventilator 10, and with them he can, for example, change the concentration of oxygen in the mixture M that the patient P will receive, the dosing pressure of the same mixture M, the flow rate and the time of administration.

We emphasize that access to the PLC enables the doctor, during cardiopulmonary resuscitation, to conveniently use the ventilator 10, to extract air from the patient's lungs during the chest massage during the compression phase, and to blow air during the decompression phase.

A program or software that allows the physician to access the benefits of the PLC control unit 14 can be entered into the tablet.

Thus, when the tablet is connected to the ventilator 10 via USB or bluetooth mode, the doctor can give commands to the PLC using the touch screen of the tablet, which can also display the parameters of the ventilator 10.

From the above descriptions, it is clear that the subject utility model fully fulfills the set objectives, and proposes a new and useful device or ventilator for administering a mixture of gases, especially containing argon, in combination and simultaneously with cardiopulmonary resuscitation of a patient affected by cardiac arrest, with the purpose of avoiding and preventing cardiac and cerebral lesions in the same patient, caused by ischemia and/or cessation or reduction of blood flow to the brain due to that cardiac arrest.

In addition, the advantage of the device is that it is portable, which enables, in case of need, its simple and prompt use during cardiopulmonary resuscitation of a patient affected by ischemia after cardiac arrest.

Of course, without affecting the principle and basic technical ideas of the useful model in question, it is clear that the device or ventilator for administering a mixture of gases in cardiopulmonary resuscitation, with the purpose of avoiding and preventing cardiac and cerebral lesions in the patient, caused by ischemia or cessation or reduction of blood flow after cardiac aresta, may be subject to reshaping, changes and improvements with regard to what has been described and shown so far, without deviating from the scope of the same useful model because of this.

For example, based on the first variant, the ventilator may have a CO2 detector, which may be used to avoid hyperoxygenation of the patient during the resuscitation phase.

As already indicated, the gas mixture administered to the patient may contain other gases in addition to oxygen and argon, particularly helium.

In this case, the gas mixture can be composed of at least 21% oxygen, it is desirable that the percentage of argon is greater than 10% and helium, with a balancing function, in order to obtain a lighter mixture that is easily inhaled, and therefore facilitates breathing in some patients .

It is clear that in this case the appropriate nature of the inclusion of helium in the composition of the gas mixture is determined by the low molecular weight of the gas, which means that the gas mixture given to the patient is easy to breathe.

We emphasize that the CPR ventilator can be designed to easily obtain approvals for transport by plane or helicopter.

Finally, as already shown, the construction and performance of the fan can be such that it can be transported as if it were a backpack or in a bag like a hand bag.

Claims (15)

1. Device or ventilator (10) for administering gas mixture M, (O+A) as part of and simultaneously with cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) of patient P, which contains: - supporting frame (11), which carries different parts of the device (10); - at least one cylindrical container (12), which contains a mixture of gases M consisting of oxygen and argon (O+A) to be administered to the patient P during resuscitation; - the valve (13), connected to the cylindrical vessel (12), usually placed in the "closed" position to prevent the exit of the gas mixture from the same cylindrical vessel (12), and the valve (13) is capable of acting as the first pressure reducer of the gas mixture when said valve (13) open and therefore said gas mixture (M) exits and is delivered from said cylindrical vessel (12); - the control unit (14), which, in more detail, consists of a PLC, in which the programs and algorithms that manage and control the operation of the device (10) are stored; - the second pressure reducer and the regulation system (16), controlled by the control unit (14), of the gas mixture flow (M) delivered by the cylindrical container (12), which comes from the first pressure reducer (13); and - control panel (15), including a visual representation or screen (15a), which allows the operator to prepare and operate the device (10). and - the battery (21) that provides the necessary energy for the operation of the mentioned device or fan (10); characterized by the fact that the device (10) is connected to a mask (17) or a breathing mask, or a similar device, by means of which the device can give the patient (P) in resuscitation a mixture of gases M, (O+A) of reduced pressure, which is supplied by another reducer pressure and regulation system (16) which are part of the device itself (10). 2. Device or fan (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that said device or fan (10) has different operating mode options (37, 38, 39) depending on the features, skills and type of personnel operating the same device or fan (10) ) for the purpose of administering the gas mixture M, (O+A) to the patient (P), where the mentioned different mode options include: - the first option (37), also called the "simple option", intended for the use of the device (10) by untrained and unskilled personnel, without the risk of harming the patient, with the fact that in this first option (37), the control unit (14) , PLC) controls (37-1) the operation of the device (10) on the basis of a predetermined and special program, which actually corresponds to the mentioned first option, and ensures the correct flow of the gas mixture (M) of the appropriate pressure, in order to avoid pneumatic damage to the patient, also in in case of tracheal obstruction; - the second option (38), also called the "middle option" provided for the use of the device (10) by trained personnel, with the fact that in this second option (38), the control unit (14, PLC) manages (38-1) the operation device (10) on the basis of a predetermined and special program, which corresponds to the mentioned second option, and ensures the correct flow of the gas mixture of the appropriate pressure to be given to the patient by means of a professional type mask; and and - the third option (39), also called the "advanced option", provided for the use of the device (10) by the medical staff, with the fact that in this third option (39) the medical staff can access, for example via bluetooth or USB connection, the contents and the programs stored in the control unit (14) and in the PLC, in order to select and adjust the flow of the gas mixture (M) that will be received by the patient (P), the appropriate pressure and also the concentration of oxygen in the gas mixture (M), after one additional cylindrical vessel with oxygen connected to the same device (10). 3. Device or fan (10) according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the said valve (13) is connected to the cylindrical container (12), except for the said closed position, in which it is usually located to prevent the discharge of the gas mixture (M ) from the cylindrical vessel (12), can only be adjusted to a certain open position, and therefore regulation by the operator with the device is not possible, in order to enable the free passage of the gas mixture (M) from the cylindrical vessel (12), and with the fact that the said valve (13), once it is placed in the open position, can no longer be placed in the closed position, in order to avoid handling errors by the operator during the use of the device (10). 4. The device or ventilator (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it has a compartment (18) in which there is enough space for storing and keeping the breathing masks (17) necessary for giving the patient a mixture of gases (M , (O+A) which contains the cylindrical container (12), as well as the tube (19) which connects the breathing mask (17) with another pressure reducer and the regulation system (16) of the flow of the gas mixture (M) which is given to the patient (P ) using the device (10). 5. Device or fan (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that said at least one cylindrical vessel (12) has a volume in the range of 0.5 to 3 liters, preferably 2 liters, and is dimensioned and designed so that withstands pressure up to 450 bar and can hold up to 800 liters of gas mixture (M) under pressure. 6. Device or ventilator (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that said control panel (15) allows the operator of the device to adjust the flow of the gas mixture (M) contained in the cylindrical container (12), before giving it to the patient (P) depending about the height of the same patient (P). 7. Device or fan (10) according to any of the previous requirements, indicated by the fact that it is accessible via bluetooth or USB connection, and connect the device (10) to an external communication device, for example a tablet, for the purpose of giving commands to the mentioned control unit (14) and the corresponding PLC, in order to change the set parameters of the device (10). 8. Device or fan (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that said battery (21) is dimensioned to enable the operation of the device (10) for at least 30-60 minutes, that it can be recharged by connecting to a common charger a battery, such as ambulances usually have, and that it can provide energy immediately during charging; with the fact that it has a screen (15a) included in the control panel (15) which is able to produce a visual signal when the device (10) is not used and is not in operation, if for example the battery (21) is discharged, for example the signal "NOT IN OPERATION". 9. The device or fan (10) according to any of the previous requirements, further contains: - connection for an additional cylindrical container, made of composite material, which contains a mixture of gases enriched with oxygen, and in the mixture oxygen is present in a concentration higher than 21%. 10. Device or fan (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that said valve (13), connected to said cylindrical container (12), which acts as a first pressure reducer, is capable of lowering the pressure of the gas mixture (M), from the high pressure present in the cylindrical container (12) to the reduced pressure at the outlet of the valve, so that the gas mixture (M, (O+A)) correctly feeds the mentioned second pressure reducer and the mentioned regulation system (16) of the flow of the gas mixture (M, (O+A)), and therefore had the desired pressure to deliver to the patient (P) during resuscitation. 11. Device or fan (10) according to any of the preceding claims, which has the following features: - weight below 5 kg; - such dimensions and shape, that the device (10) can be easily carried on the back or in the hand; - the battery (21) which enables the operation of the device (10) for up to 120 minutes; - connection to the electrical system that allows recharging the battery (21) or constant operation of the device (10). 12. Device or ventilator (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that said cylindrical vessel (12), which contains a mixture of gases (M, (O+A)) which is given to the patient (P), is made of carbon steel or aluminum alloy or composite material with an inner layer of metal, aluminum or steel, or polymer composite material. 13. Device or ventilator (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has a device for connecting the device to an endotracheal tube. 14. Device or ventilator (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has a device for detecting and measuring carbon dioxide CO2 in the patient's blood (P) in order to avoid hyperoxygenation. 15. Device or fan (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device or fan (10) is able to provide the gas mixture (M) contained in the cylindrical container (12) even in the case of a discharged battery (21), using an additional device for auto-resuscitation that enables manual ventilation of the patient during resuscitation.