HK1222529B - Portable motion analysis system - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a portable motion analysis system, and in particular to a portable sensor system that can be integrated into sports equipment to detect, measure, analyze, monitor and improve movement processes; other aspects of the present invention relate to the technical design and monitoring and improvement of realised training performance for individual sports, such as running/jogging, alpine skiing and ski running.

Background and

Many sports require the most accurate execution of a sporting technique, both to improve one's own performance and to avoid overload. About 70% of runners or joggers have foot problems at least once a year, for which running is an important cause.

Sensor systems for recording, recording and analyzing heart rate, distance traveled (e.g. movement of the athlete in general in the room or outdoors) and speed are already known in sports. Also the recording of step rate and step length by sensors integrated into sports shoes are known and described, for example, in EP 2 650 807 A1 and US 2013/0274587. The recording and evaluation of step rate and step length alone does not say anything about the biomechanical correct guidance and rolling of the foot.

Another conventional system is revealed in US 2013/0274635 which monitors the activities of the athlete in relation to the sports equipment, analysing in particular the interaction between the athlete and a ball.

US 8.762,101 and US 2013/0323438 describe transfer options of captured sensor data for a distance traveled, a speed, a heart rate to an online log file or on social media. US 8.749,380 also describes a sensor in a shoe that measures the distance traveled and gives a signal when the shoe needs to be replaced. US 2005/0151350 describes a sensor system that measures ski vibrations and the hardness of the ski by an electronic element that adjusts accordingly. For the specific field of freestyle skiing, US 8.239,146 and US 8.620,600 describe a system that, in addition to measuring speed, measures time in air (F) and number of turns in air. This can be easily understood by a handheld sensor system, such as a smartphone.

US 8,573,982 B1 reveals another method for monitoring a sporting activity, whereby sensor data relating to a user's upper body movement is captured and analyzed during a running movement to avoid unwanted upper body movements. US 2001/0034583 A1 reveals a speedometer for an athlete with a sensor that detects when the athlete takes off from the ground and returns to the ground. The data collected is evaluated and displayed. In addition, a speed sensor can capture and display speed. US 2005/0021292 A2 reveals a system for determining an athlete's performance data, which carries a data sensor that increases speed, increases the time taken to fall, and extends the time to fall.

A disadvantage of the known systems is that a track of the athlete's movement cannot generally be recorded and these systems can only be used to a limited extent for applications to increase the athlete's efficiency or to prevent incorrect posture or movement of the athlete.

The present invention is based on the objective of creating a motion analysis system that allows the detection of a movement deviation of an athlete or user from a motion profile and the analysis of a motion sequence.

A further task of the present invention is to coordinate complex movements of the extremities (feet, legs, arms, etc.).

The Commission

The above problem is solved by a motion analysis system according to claim 1 and a procedure according to claim 14.

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In other embodiments, the second processing unit is optionally trained to detect a confirmation of the motion deviation from the motion profile with respect to the first sensor module and the second sensor module and, in this case, to send a message to the first sensor module.

In other embodiments, the first processing unit and the second processing unit are optionally trained to capture a time sequence of acceleration data from the first acceleration sensor and/or the second acceleration sensor, which can be used to determine the speed and/or direction of the user or a sporting equipment or equipment.

Optionally, in further embodiments, the first sensor module and/or the second sensor module shall also include at least one of the following components: a data storage, energy storage, user interface, pressure sensor, gravity sensor, temperature sensor, magnetic sensor, gyroscope, wind sensor, vibration sensor, 3D camera, ultrasonic sensor, spectral analysis unit, chemical analysis and conductivity sensor.

Optionally, in further embodiments, the pressure sensor of the first sensor module and/or the second sensor module is trained to measure a pressure between a user's sport equipment or a sport equipment and a surface, and the first processing unit and/or the second processing unit are trained to compare the measured pressure with corresponding values in the motion profile.

In addition, optional pressure sensors, in particular optical, elastic fibres or other textile pressure sensors (hereinafter 'pressure fibres') may be provided, which may be woven or embedded, for example, in skis and/or their components.

Optionally, in other embodiments, the 3D camera is trained to produce a spatial representation of the environment of the first and/or second sensor module; the first processing unit and/or the second processing unit may be trained to determine the spatial orientation of a sporting equipment in relation to a ground and to emit deviations from a standard value.

Optionally, in other embodiments, the first processing unit and/or the second processing unit are trained to detect traction of a sporting equipment against a substrate and to emit deviations from a standard value based on sensor data from at least one acceleration sensor, at least one gyroscope and/or at least one 3D camera.

In other embodiments, the first processing unit and/or the second processing unit may be trained to determine the sliding ability of a sports equipment on frozen water, in particular snow, from measurements of physical and/or chemical properties, in particular from the conductivity measuring device.

In general, physical and/or chemical measurements can be determined in a variety of ways. For example, the electronic conductivity measuring device can determine the glide capacity of a sports equipment on frozen water. The electrical conductivity measurement can be used to determine, for example, a (liquid) water percentage or salt dissolved in it.

Optionally, in further embodiments, the first processing unit and/or the second processing unit are trained to detect a sliding or rolling resistance to a surface from vibration sensor measurements.

Optionally, in further embodiments, the second data transmission unit is trained to visualize and/or store in a main memory and/or send to an output unit a result of the second processing unit to the user.

Optionally, in further embodiments, the first sensor module and/or the second sensor module are mounted or integrated on or in a sporting equipment.

Optionally, the sports equipment shall comprise at least one of the following: a shoe, a cross-country ski, a downhill ski, a ski tie, a part of a sport trousers, a part of a sport jacket, a part of a ski boot.

Optionally, the first sensor module and/or the second sensor module shall comprise an energy generation module which is trained to generate electrical energy from vibrations during movement.

Optionally, in other embodiments, the first processing unit is trained to detect a movement pattern of one of the user's legs and/or the second processing unit is trained to detect a movement pattern of the other user's leg and compare each with an optimal shape and output deviations from it.

Optionally, the second processing unit is further trained to use sensor data collected by the first and/or second sensor module to directly or indirectly measure pressure to determine a gravitational pressure point for at least one leg and to record over time and, based on this, to determine a pressure point function, compare it with a profile and output deviations from it.

Optionally, in other embodiments, the first processing unit and/or the second processing unit are trained to generate a target movement profile based on the data collected for the user and to use it for subsequent detection of the user's deviation from the movement.

Optionally, in further embodiments, the first processing unit and/or the second processing unit are trained to generate a load profile of different body regions or muscle regions of the user based on the data collected.

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The present invention also relates to a pair of skis with a previously described motion analysis system, where the first sensor module (100) and the second sensor module (200) are each capable of being coupled to the movement of a corresponding user's leg.

The present invention also relates to a pair of running shoes with a previously described motion analysis system, where the first sensor module (100) and the second sensor module (200) are each capable of being coupled to the movement of a corresponding user's leg.

The present invention also relates to a process as described in claim 14.

The following advantages are also provided by embodiments: In addition, demonstration examples offer the advantage that not only can arbitrarily controllable errors in running techniques be analyzed and evaluated during or after training. For example, the exact running technique can be analyzed in terms of footprint, foot position at different stages of movement, and the feedback to the runner can be provided via sounds or on a data goggle. This creates new possibilities for technique training or ski training. In addition, demonstration examples offer the advantage that not only can arbitrarily controllable errors in running techniques be analyzed and evaluated, but also that a complementary set of the athlete's physical characteristics (such as items of his size, weight, a different walking gait, a different stride curve, etc.) can be individually measured, for example, by means of a specific test, which is always suitable for different sports, such as skiing, or a short-distance sports, although it is difficult to find a suitable test site (e.g. a sports lab, a sports gym, a sports equipment manufacturer, etc.) and a suitable test kit (e.g. a sports equipment and a sports equipment) is available at any time and place, although it is difficult to find a suitable test kit (e.g. a sports equipment manufacturer, a sports equipment manufacturer, a sports equipment manufacturer, a sports equipment manufacturer, etc.) and a short-term analysis is available.

Embodiments provide the additional advantage that sporting goods manufacturers and retailers can tailor the sporting goods to the needs of the individual athlete precisely, since the motion patterns captured by the motion analysis system of the present invention can be analyzed during the use of the sports equipment. For example, sporting goods manufacturers can analyze how often a user uses which skis in which types of snow, what his technique and condition is, where his weaknesses lie and when he should switch to which skis. This can ultimately be used for the individualized production of skis and shoes and other sports equipment.

In addition, it is possible that by evaluating the movement data after training, the athlete can get hints on how he can or should move better, faster, more gently, etc. Through suitable digital sports glasses, information can still be visualized in real time.

A brief description of the figures

The embodiments of the present invention are better understood by the following detailed description and accompanying drawings of the various embodiments, which should not be understood as restricting the disclosure to the specific embodiments but merely as an explanation and understanding. Figure 1 shows an example of a motion analysis system according to an example of the present invention.Figure 2 shows a basic design of a sensor module.Figure 3 illustrates a data transmission between the various sensor systems/sensor modules for the evaluation of motion analysis.Figure 4 illustrates a feedback system to inform the user of detected deviations.Figure 5 shows a possible schematic visualization for an athlete of detected deviations.Figure 6 provides a schematic representation of the motion analysis system and a data stream for motion analysis.Fig. 7 shows different movement patterns during ski running.Fig. 8 shows further misalignments in a ski guide and a running shoe.Fig. 9 shows an example arrangement of the motion analysis system for ski and running shoes.Fig. 10 shows an example arrangement of a sensor module in a ski shoe, ski tie or running shoe.Fig. 11 shows a movement pattern during the running of an athlete.Fig. 12 shows the possibility of using the acceleration sensor during ski running.Fig. 13 shows an example arrangement of a motion pattern in fasteners.Fig. 14 shows another example arrangement of the motion pattern measurement system in a ski shoe.Fig. 15 shows a detailed analysis of the speed of the ski.Fig. 17 shows a detailed description of the use of a sensor technology to optimize the analysis of the skiing speed.Figure 19 illustrates the use of the motion analysis system to optimise alpine skiing and snowboarding activities. Figures 20-23 illustrate the gravitational pressure point method.

Detailed description

The present invention relates in particular to, but is not limited to, a sensor system for detecting, measuring, analyzing, monitoring and improving the movement of a body or a technical performance of a sport, whether portable or mobile, or which can be integrated into sports equipment. In particular, for sports in which the footprint and the exact position of the foot or arm are of great importance for the performance and progress of the athlete's training, embodiments of the present invention are applicable, but are not limited to. In particular, but not exclusively, the present invention relates to a sensor system for movement sequences in sports such as running/jogging, cycling, alpine running and snowboarding, and may furthermore be used to construct and install equipment suitable for the following sports: running racks, ski lifts, ski lifts, ski boards, ski lifts, ski lifts, ski boards, ski boards, ski boards, ski boards, ski boards, ski boards, and other sports equipment, including at least the following:

Figure 1 shows a portable motion analysis system for detecting a user's motion deviation from a motion profile comprising a first sensor module 100 and a second sensor module 200.

The first sensor module 100 shall comprise at least a first acceleration sensor 101, a first data transmission unit 105 and a first processing unit 102, where the first sensor module 100 is capable of being coupled to a user's body part and is trained to capture initial body part acceleration values; the second sensor module 200 shall comprise at least a second acceleration sensor 201, a second data transmission unit 205 and a second processing unit 202, where the second sensor module 200 is capable of being coupled to another user's body part and is trained to capture second acceleration values of the further body part.

The first processing unit 102 is trained to compare the acceleration values recorded by the first acceleration sensor 101 with the motion profile and the first data transmission unit 105 is trained to transmit at least those data pertaining to the first acceleration values to the second sensor module 200 that differ from the motion profile; the second processing unit 202 is trained to compare the second acceleration values from the second acceleration sensor 201 with the motion profile and to confirm a user's motion deviation from the motion profile with the data transmitted by the first sensor module 100 and to transmit the data via the second transmission unit 205.

Figure 2 shows a basic design of a sensor module 100 according to embodiments of the present invention. The sensor module 100 has one or more sensors 101, a processor 102, a power source 103, an (optional) storage unit 104 and a data transmission unit 105. Optionally, a location system or a location sensor based on, for example, GPS may also be present (not shown). The one or more sensors 101 include an accelerator 101a, a magnetic field sensor 101b, a 3D interface camera 101c, a pressure sensor 101d and additional sensors 101e. The additional sensors may include, for example, a gyroscope, a temperature sensor, an optional accelerometer, a temperature sensor, a wind sensor, a sensing device capable of measuring the direction of the wind, for example, a chemical sensor, a sensing device capable of measuring the speed of the vehicle, etc. The additional sensors may include a gyroscope, a temperature sensor, an optional accelerometer, a temperature sensor, a wind sensor, a sensing device capable of measuring the speed of the vehicle, etc. Figure 101 may include a three-axis sensor, a sensing device capable of measuring the speed of the vehicle, etc.

The sensors 101, the memory unit 104, the power source 103, the data transmission unit 105 and the user interface 106 are connected to the processor 102 in which data can be processed as captured by the sensors and stored in the memory unit. The data transmission unit 105 can then transmit the data. The data transmission unit 105 is, for example, a transmission module that transmits data wirelessly.

The motion analysis system comprises first and second sensor module 100, 200, for example the module shown in Figure 2. Therefore, both sensor modules 100, 200 can be of the same structure, although the functioning may differ due to the corresponding programming of the processor as described above.

The motion analysis system with sensor module 100 as shown in Figure 2 can be used for the motion analyses described below.

When a sensor system is referred to below, it may be, for example, a part and a complete first sensor module 100 or a second sensor module 200, it being understood that the sensors in the sensor module may be arranged on a sporting equipment, so that a sensor system may also be a subset of the sensors and components contained in the first and/or second sensor module 100, 200.

Fig. 3 shows an example of the motion analysis system as an integrated system. The motion analysis system has a second sensor system 200 with a main processor 202, a first memory 204a and a second memory 204b, a power source 203, a first sensor 201a, a second sensor 201b, a third sensor 201c, where the second sensor 201b and the third sensor 201c are optional and the sensor (s) may include, for example, a Mechschausen acceleration sensor.

The first sensor system 100 also has a main processor 102, a memory 104a, an optional memory 104b, a power source 103, a transfer radio module 105 to the second sensor system 200 and a user interface 106, and a first sensor 101a and a second sensor 101b, the first sensor 101a being able to include a multi-axis acceleration sensor and the second sensor 101b being optional and able to include additional sensors.

For example, the second sensor system 200 is trained to transmit an output to an output device 300, which may include, for example, a data goggle, a sports data clock or other data processing devices such as a smartphone, tablet or computer.

The integrated system, as shown in Fig. 3, has the following functions. Many errors or improvement opportunities in movement movements are due to the fact that a mistake in one movement can provoke an error in the following or other movement steps and, above all, a counter-movement. The counter-movement can be, for example, a movement of the other leg or arm. The correction of the error must begin with the causative incorrect movement and not with the resulting incorrect movement steps.

It should be noted that all data can be stored on two independent individual modules and subsequently merged. However, this has the disadvantage that a large amount of individual data would have to be stored in the memory and the storage and battery capacity would be quickly overloaded, making the system slower and also more expensive. In this case, real-time evaluation would also not be possible. Therefore, further embodiments of the present invention rely on two sensor systems, whereby data from sensors in one of the two systems is captured and pre-processed and aggregated. The pre-processing may include, for example, data compression. For example, the sensor system can also transmit its aggregated and processed data to the main system. 200 or 200 samples can be processed in advance by the main system and 200 or 300 samples can be added and stored in a data-imaging system, for example, and the data can be transmitted to the main system.

This approach to the detection and analysis of motion in a synchronized and integrated sensor system offers the following advantages for individual applications.

For example, in the application of alpine skiing, it may happen that only one ski gets on an ice sheet, which may affect the flow of the second ski. However, the second ski will not show any tracks due to the ice sheet. An independently operating second ski sensor system only detects the one wrong movement and presents this as a driving error of the athlete. Such a misinterpretation is avoided by a motion analysis system according to the present invention.

Similarly, when running, the footprint of one leg may not be optimal and the flight and landing phase of the other foot may be affected. For example, the foot may be slightly outward facing when footprinting, resulting in footprinting with low or incorrect footprint pulse. It is also possible that the inclination of the foot when standing is not the optimal inclination for the athlete, with the muscles then trying to compensate for this error when the foot rolls, which may lead to further errors or overreaction.

In ski running, the ski may not swing backwards correctly after the rebound, which can lead to the other leg not being set correctly at critical tracking points. Here again, the advantage of the present system is that these errors can be clearly identified and displayed to the athletes.

An important component of the sensor system is the feedback of the captured sensor data to the athlete in a suitable form. In particular, embodiments are suitable to allow for real-time feedback. However, in other embodiments it is also possible to perform an evaluation after training, for example to automatically transfer complex sensor system data into information that is easily neural up and processed by the athlete.

Fig. 4 shows an example of a possible implementation in which a deviation of the real movement from the optimal movement is measured. The deviation can be returned to the athlete in numerical values of various forms. For example, Fig. 4 shows a ski boot in an optimal position and an optimal deviation, which can be expressed, for example, in an angle in degrees. If this optimal position exists, for example, a reverse signal in the form of a green color or red instead of a green point can follow. In case of slight deviations from the optimal position, for example, a side of a vertical position of the skiing, a slight deviation from the left side, followed by a yellow light, whereby the light deviates slightly from the right side, for example, the green warning signal can be red after a strong deviation from the left side and a red warning signal can be red after a strong deviation from the left side, respectively.

The sensors are used to detect deviations from the intended use, which cannot be detected in this form or are lost due to information overload, which means that the information should be easily detected and processed, especially in real-time feedback.

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In other embodiments, it is also possible to provide feedback to the athlete by means of compressed indicators, for example, an overall score for the movement sequence, a tachometer and a load level indicator for feedback on percentage values or absolute deviations.

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In complex movement sequences, it is often not useful to link back all deviations or partial movement due to the flood of information. On the one hand, the athlete can select his movement and/or the system selects the most important movements. For example, the selected movement of the athlete during training can also be changed. Criteria for the selection of the movement by the system can be, for example: a major error, importance for the advance/success.

Figure 6 gives a schematic representation for the evaluation of the sensor data. Again, the motion analysis system has a first sensor system 100 and a second sensor system 200. In the embodiment shown in Figure 6, the second sensor system 200 is the main system, while the first sensor system is the satellite system.

The satellite system 100 first collects the real-time situation through sensors and transmits this sensor data to the satellite system processor, where a partial processing is carried out, which may include, for example, compressing the sensor data.

The main system 200 is also trained to perform a real-time situation first via the existing sensors. The main system 200 again includes a processor that receives the real-time data and performs a partial processing which may include data compression. In addition, the main system 200 processor is trained to perform the overall evaluation by processing the pre-processed data from the satellite system 100 and the main system 200 together. The result of the overall evaluation can then be output to a main memory, only reading it out.

The evaluation can also be done after training, and it is also possible to provide a real-time output, for example via sports watches or data glasses.

Optionally, in other embodiments, the main system can also transmit the result or parts of it back to the satellite system 100 after the total evaluation. The satellite system 100 can then use the processor to use the calculated total motion data from the main system 200 processor as a database for a re-performance of the processing step 2 and/or a fine-tuning or recalibration of the sensors. Optionally, the satellite system will not only transmit the pre-processed data to the main system but also store them in a memory.

The data from the safety memory are therefore generally not read and are only used for safeguarding and as a database for further pre-processing within the satellite system 100. Instead, only the results of the main system need to be stored in the main memory or transmitted to the athlete.

Figure 7 shows an example of the use of a cross-country ski analysis. For example, the motion analysis system is able to capture an exact movement during ski running. For example, during a ski running, a movement 111 can be made with a long-range ski, as shown on the left. This movement 111 will lose a lot of energy.

Figure 8 shows as another use case for the motion analysis system an analysis of the inclination of sports equipment. For example, the above illustration can be used to analyse whether the ski is sloping 121 or whether the ski is flat on a surface 122.

To enable the applications shown in Figures 2 and 7, data, movements and positions between the two shoes/skis, i.e. in particular with the corresponding second shoe or ski, can be compared. For example, the following sensors can be used: sensors are used to accurately detect the movement of the ski/shoe or ski poles and their position. For this purpose, for example, the multi-axis motion sensor and/or the acceleration sensor, but also the MEMS magnetic field sensor or the gyroscope can be used. The sensors can, for example, be decentralized/distributed, i.e. they can also be located outside a main unit (i.e. they do not need to be placed in a common module) or connected to each other by a cable.

Figure 9 shows another use of the motion analysis system for skiing 140 and running 150.

In skiing 140, two sensors 141 are placed on a ski, and the sensors 141 are used to detect the environment. For example, the skier may be on a ski slope. This can be determined by recording the knee movements and postures by a 3D camera 101c in alpine skiing. The sensors 141 belong to a sensor module 100, 200 with two 3D cameras 101c.

In running 150, a similar functionality can be achieved by providing the position and movement of the second foot or leg by a sensor 151 mounted on the shoe or shoe to detect the other foot or arm. The sensor 151 may, for example, include a 3D camera. This analysis of the environment can be used, for example, when running to detect the movement of the second foot in the air and the footprint or a lever movement in the air, or to determine whether the runner is running on flat or uneven terrain, uphill or uphill.

Fig. 10 shows another example where the first sensor module 100 and/or the second sensor module 200 have a pressure sensor 101d to detect pressure exerted by the athlete on the sports equipment. This pressure may be, for example, an impression, a weight shift, a pressure distribution during a rolling movement, a bump during running or landing, a repulsion or a footprint in sports with sticks. For example, the pressure sensor 101d can take a pressure measurement that is applied on the ski table during alpine skiing, where the pressure sensor 101d can be placed, for example, in the front 161a or rear 161b binding.

Figure 10 also shows a socket 170 which can be inserted into, for example, the ski boot 162 and has a toe area 171 and a heel area 172. Pressure sensors 101d can also be placed in the socket 170 to determine the pressure distribution in the socket.

The pressure sensors used can be sensors that measure the force action accurately or in a range. Optionally, the pressure sensors can only distinguish between a load and a discharge.

Fig. 11 illustrates the use and operation of at least one acceleration sensor 101a, for example, trained as a three-axis acceleration sensor or a MEMS sensor. In particular, in combination with further information on the hardness of a ski, the cushioning material of the shoe, the acceleration sensor 101a can be used to calculate the force indirectly.

For example, a running shoe 180 is shown, with a multi-axis acceleration sensor 101a and/or a gyroscope and/or a magnetic field sensor 101b mounted on the heel 181 of the shoe above the cushioning sole. These sensors allow the detection of the foot's speed in air 182 and the height of the sole 183 and the hardness of the sole 184 are known or can be entered by a user. When the foot 185 makes contact with the ground, the foot is slowed down by the cushioning element in the shoe sole and finally reaches 186.

Fig. 12 shows the classical use of the accelerometer 101a in ski running. The ski generally has a so-called bias. Thus, the ski is shaped in such a way that the middle ski area, in the case of no snow pressure, has a mean height of 191 to the snow and only the front and rear area 192 are in contact with the snow when the runner is sliding on it or standing evenly on it with both legs. The bias is to prevent the so-called climb or climb wax from slowing down the sliding process.

This force pulse acts vertically downwards and gives important information for efficient, correct running motion. However, the force pulse itself is not so decisive, but rather the speed measured by the sensors and how much the ski deforms downwards. The compression of the damping element or the ski tension can be very accurately recorded by means of a motion and speed measurement and is referred to below as the gravity point method. This method is explained in detail in connection with Figures 20 to 23.

An important component of the motion detection process according to the present invention is a sensor system that is as precisely dimensioned as possible and placed in the correct location of the sports equipment (i.e. the sensors of the sensor modules 100, 200). In addition, however, the development and refinement of a suitable algorithm is also important, which can derive valuable information about a force action without actually having to measure the force. In many applications or sports, the force alone is less or not significant.

Other examples of implementation relate to other sports and movements not described here.

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An important benefit of the embodiments of the present invention is that the sports equipment with the lowest braking resistance can be selected, e.g. the fastest ski for a given snow condition, the fastest rolling stock (wheels, rims, etc.) for the given road condition, the best sole or cushioning of running shoes.

The sensor systems used for this purpose can be selected, for example, as follows (i.e. sensor modules 100, 200 include the corresponding combination of sensors): For all forward-oriented outdoor sports such as running, skiing, skiing, cycling, there may be sensors and miniaturized measuring devices to measure wind resistance. The performance achieved by the athlete is corrected accordingly by the wind factor. This corrected performance can give further insight into potential improvements in the movement process in relation to the recorded movement pattern and other data such as heart rate.

The ability of sports equipment to glide on water in a frozen state (snow or ice) can be determined, for example, by recording physical-chemical parameters (for example, by an electrical conductivity measurement or a spectral analysis). This is particularly beneficial for sports such as alpine skiing, freestyle skiing, cross-country skiing, but also for snowboarding and skating. The glide process of sports equipment on snow or ice creates a thin film of water between the surface of the sports equipment (e.g. skiing sheet or ice), and the snow or ice.

Treatment of the ski, e.g. during growth, grinding, generates heat in the ski, whereby the conductive materials usually dissipate the heat faster than other materials of the ski lining, which can potentially damage the sensor.

Vibration sensors can be used, for example, to detect vibration in ball bearings or to detect rolling resistance in road-based sports such as cycling, roller skating or inline skating.

The detection of slip (e.g. rearward but also lateral traction) can be done, for example, by the three-axis acceleration sensors 101a or by gyroscopes, the 3D camera sensors 101c and other sensors.

All the above sensor components can also be used independently as stand-alone sensor systems.

Examples of embodiments include sensor systems with independent power units, radio modules and interfaces, each providing one or more of the above functionalities. The power source 103 may consist of an energy management unit, a charging interface (wired or wirelessly by induction), a battery, a battery and/or an energy harvesting device. In many sports, vibrations are generated in a range of frequencies optimal for energy production due to sporting activity and can therefore be used to extend battery life or even to operate without a battery.

According to other examples, the batteries can be interchangeable or rechargeable, with a connection cable for charging or wireless charging, e.g. via an induction mat.

Optional in other embodiments are additional sensors in the skier with wire-based or radio-based connections to the main module. For example, all types of sensors are suitable. The sensors with the appropriate size and shape can be efficiently inserted into carbon waves, for example. For example, round or hexagonal and rectangular sensors with a diameter or length range between 0.2 and 9 mm can be used.

Optionally, additional sensors may be provided in other ski areas, for example, a pressure sensor and/or a temperature sensor and/or an acceleration sensor may be provided in the side cheeks and/or ski fins and/or under belt or over belt or core covers or other parts of the ski.

Optional in other embodiments are in particular optical, elastic fibres and other textile pressure sensors for pressure measurement (which may also be referred to as pressure fibres) woven or embedded in the ski or its components, in particular they can be embedded directly in the ski tread, for example in the so-called lower or upper belts and especially in the carbon cores consisting of carbon structures or fabrics.

The following procedure is particularly suitable for subsequent integration into a sporting article. First, an integration of the sensor 259 into screws, nails or needles or similar fastening materials can be done. For example, the following sensor integrations of the sensors 259 in skydivers or shoes 251 are shown: the integration of a sensor into a needle cap 252, the integration of the sensor into a spiral needle 253 (e.g. in the head of a screw), the integration of the sensor 259 into a screw cap or a needle cap 254, or the integration of the sensor 259 into a screw cap or head of a screw cap (e.g. in the head of a screw cap), the integration of the sensor 259 into a screw cap or head of a screw cap (e.g. in the head of a screw cap), or the integration of the sensor 259 into a screw cap or head of a screw cap (e.g. in the head of a screw cap), or the integration of the sensor 259 into a screw cap or head of a screw cap (e.g. in the head of a screw cap).

For the quality of the sensor data, it is important to integrate the sensor system in the correct position on or in the sports equipment. For example, the sensor system can be fixed on the ski top or surface coating or the upper belt; optionally, it is also possible to attach the sensor system on the ski by means of fixing methods such as adhesive, adhesive, clicker or zipper, which can also be used by magnets, suction or pressure relief devices; it is also possible to attach the sensor system by screws, melting, laminating, belts with elastic materials.Other embodiments involve the sensor system being mounted or attached to the ski-tips. It is also possible to replace the normal ski-tips with the motion-control system in the shape of a ski-tips. Other embodiments involve the monitoring system being mounted or attached within the ski-tips. Other embodiments involve mounting in a ski-tipping or a ski-tipping plate, for example by inserting a fixation into the tie, on, next to or below the tie, or between the ski-tipping and/or the tie plate and/or without attachment material. For example, the mounting can be done in the tie by means of a single attachment, single melting, placement of a hoses or similar method.For example, attachment to, next to or below the binding may be by adhesive, glue, click, rip closures, magnets, suction or pressure relief devices, screws or melting.

The method of attachment of the sensor system to footwear such as running shoes, ski or board shoes, inline skates may include the following: Running shoes may have pressure sensors mounted in the damper or above the damper, for example by means of a prick, screw, glue, weave or melt, and the sensor system 100, 200 with a three-axis acceleration sensor may be mounted on the heel.

This possibility is shown in Figure 14, whereby the sensor system can be mounted directly on the top 201 of the cushioning element in the middle of the heel 203 of the running shoe. It is also possible to mount the sensor element approximately 1 to 3 cm (or 1.5 to 2 cm) from the top of the footwear 202 (in the case of the running shoe directly at the knot of the lacing or at the foot at the transition to the leg). For example, the sensor can be sewn into the footwear or inserted as an interchangeable module into a specially designed insertion bag 205 which can be locked, for example, by a knit or zippered lock 206.

Since the heel and especially the Achilles tendon is a very sensitive part of the body and this is where overload problems often arise, the sensor should not exceed certain sizes. Therefore, in further embodiments, a maximum 4 mm three-axis motion sensor 101 or gyroscope or MEMS sensor is placed at the gravity position and a wireless or wire-based connection to the sensor main module is established. The main module (e.g. the second sensor module) can be located at position 205, 202 or 203 for example.

The following describes the methods for sensor-based motion tracking and analysis.

Many recommendations from trainers, sports or ski instructors aim to improve the movement pattern to theoretically optimal biomechanical movement pattern. This theoretically optimal movement pattern does not exist in many cases or a comparison with this makes little sense in training methodology. Many people have, for example, different lengths of arms and legs, spinal curvatures to name just a few examples.

The use of the sensor system to record the movement pattern can be used to determine the actual movement pattern. Furthermore, by triangulation of several parameters and several training sessions in the same or, above all, different sports, the individual circumstances of the athlete can be deduced, including, for example, the skeletal situation or differences, the performance of the different muscles or parts of the muscles, the mobility of tendons, joints, etc. This opens up new possibilities and forms of prevention and identification of malposition, wear and tear, etc. Medical diagnosis is not only supported by movement data, but can also be made in a timely manner and, if necessary, unnecessary routines can be avoided.

For training and training methodology, this means that an individually optimized movement pattern is created based on the optimal theoretical movement patterns and individually recorded movement patterns. Trainers, sports instructors, athletes themselves and other professionals can verify this individually optimum movement pattern with their experience and modify it within specified ranges, with any modification being verified for plausibility.

The following advantages can be obtained by evaluating the movement pattern, for example:

The sport equipment can be selected better. For example, when running with different skis, it can be shown which ski with which tension, skiing supports, etc. is best suited to the individual running style, the training state and the physical conditions. The physical conditions include, for example, the muscle distribution, mass, etc. Training with different running shoes shows, for example, to what extent the shoes are suitable for the respective pronation behavior.

Running and skiing exercises are not only an optimal prevention program, but are also perfectly suited to capture the individual situation and the progress of the building of the back muscle. In the case of back complaints or faults, they can therefore be detected early. For example, malformations in the back, etc., can lead to significant deviations in the measurement of the deviation. These deviations in the strength of the individual exercise or training can also be better determined by monitoring the individual's strength and performance in the studio, but not in the short term.

Other examples of embodiments are a method for detecting motion in space and time and a so-called gravitational point or gravitational force method.

The method of detecting motion in space and time is in particular concerned with the detection of the movement sequences by means of angles or calculation from other data, where these sequences often have a V-shape. The gravitational point method is concerned with determining the pressure exerted by the athlete, for example when running when pressing the ground. This force effect can be determined directly or indirectly by means of related parameters (for example by an exact temporal coordination when pressing).

Other examples of implementation are a muscle and back indexing method which, based on the sensor data collected, identifies an individual condition of the various muscles and determines the training progress by exercising the movements.

These methods of recording, measuring and analysing movement are described in more detail in the following examples.

Examples of sensor-based measurement and analysis methods are related to ski running, inline skating, ice speed running and can be described as follows: The V-factor method measures optimal gliding motion. This is shown in Fig. 15. The optimal skating motion consists of as long as possible of gliding forward and a low sideways movement. The sideways movement is required to slightly tilt and push the ski. The more the sideways ski is turned out (see situation 410) or the ski is edged, the more energy goes into the sideways movement and not in the desired forward movement.The ski 404 is in a forward slide. Fig. 15 below shows a backward view, showing that the right ski 404 is lying flat on the snow, while the left ski 403 is edged and turned outwards. Energy is lost in this movement by the edged left ski 403. The athlete must find the optimal mix of footprint and forward movement. This varies depending on the slope and slope of the terrain.

In some embodiments, the sensor system (for example, using the three-axis acceleration sensor and gyroscope) is used to record the forward movement of the ski and the course of the lateral movement. In this recording, a start time, a speed course, a length until the slide is reduced or passed in a lateral turn is measured and the time of the transition from the slide to the lateral movement or the preparation of the rebound is measured.

In other embodiments, a sensor system similar to that described above may be used, or a second sensor system (e.g. with a three-axis accelerator/MEMS sensor) may measure the angle of the ski 406 as an indicator of optimal glide.

The data from the sensor systems can be stored for subsequent analysis or converted into keywords and stored in real time. Optionally, it is also possible to give the data directly to the athlete in an output device. The output device can be, for example, a sports glasses or sports watch or also a headphone system. The athlete can, for example, get his deviation from the optimal movement visualized. This can be done, for example, by a color system or lighting system to show categories/bandwidths to the athlete.

Fig. 16 shows another example of the use of the motion analysis system according to the present invention for a ski run in a classic manner. Here the sample sensor system 451 a,b includes a three-axis acceleration sensor or a MEMS sensor or a gyroscope and measures, for example, the step length 452 and also how far the ski is raised backwards or swung out (for example, by a height 453). Optionally, it is also possible to detect a shoe height 454 that indicates how far the ski shoe has moved.

The sensor system, as shown in Fig. 16, can further measure whether the rear upward movement is straight or sideways, or when the rear foot is started to retreat, and can also measure, for example, the front leg, the so-called sliding leg, the slope of the ski (see Fig. 15) and other parameters.

Fig. 17 illustrates the gravity point or gravitational force method, in which the footprint technique is measured during skiing (in skating or even in classical skiing). For this purpose, Fig. 17 shows a ski boot 504 attached to a ski 503. Pressure sensors 501 are placed in the ski boot or below the ski 503 or in the binding 502 or in several of these sports equipment. This makes it possible to measure the repulsion by the pressure sensors 501 in the ski 503, the ski binding 502 and the ski boot 504 or another pressure gauge on the foot or leg of the athlete. For example, a sock or a pressure gauge can also be used for this purpose.

In other embodiments, several pressure sensors 501 are placed along the ski 503 to determine, for example, which point of the ski is pressing with which force on the ground, thus making it possible to detect the time of the impact, the position of the impact in relation to the partner ski (or other leg/shoe or upper body) and to measure the impact length and the resulting thrust through the sensors.

The sensors can also include three-axis acceleration sensors, gyroscopes or MEMS sensors. The measurement by the sensors also allows to determine how much of the footprint area in the footprint area touches the snow or not when the footprint is touching (see section 511). This can also happen through sensors for the detection of snow contact. Optionally, a sensor that measures the result of the footprint pulse can be used to determine the movement of the ski in the direction of the snow as a speed curve and actually measured turning distance (for example, the pressure of the lightly woven ice through a flat surface is returned).

Figure 18 shows the application of a running motion in which a runner has sensors 451 on his running shoes, with sensors 451 in turn located on the right and/or left foot. Thus a sensor system 451, which may in turn have, for example, three-axis acceleration sensors, MEMS sensors and gyroscopes, is trained to not only measure an exact step 452 left and right separately, but also to determine the causes of this. A sloping movement of one foot in the air may result in a shortened step of the other leg/foot, although the footprint and pulse were correctly executed.

For example, Fig. 18 shows that the foot is at an angle of 455, which can be determined by one of the 451 sensor elements, since the acceleration will not be vertical downwards but slightly lateral. The sensor system can therefore determine the inclination of the foot when rolling and when footprinting. This information not only provides valuable information for improving running technique but also provides criteria for a shoe selection that can be made as to whether a particular shoe tolerates or supports a particular rolling behaviour.

For example, in the gravity point method, different pressure sensors are placed in the cushioning sole or layer of the running shoe. The pressure sensors can also be present in the sole itself or in an insole, so that they can detect the forces occurring when the foot is put on, rolled and imprinted. Optionally, it is also possible to determine the forces by other sensors (e.g. rotational acceleration sensors) using the methods described above.

Fig. 19 shows an application of the method to alpine skiing or snowboarding or summerboarding which can use the V-factor method. Data from various sensors from multiple-acceleration sensors, MEMS, etc. are collected and analysed to analyse a curve behaviour 470 and, for example, to calculate a deviation 471 from an optimum line.

In the case of the gravity point method for alpine skiing, it is possible to determine the pressure distribution on the ski or shoe by means of the pressure sensors and thus to allow proper weight transfer (e.g. by feedback to the user).

Other embodiments of the present invention also refer to the following examples: A motion tracking system for a ski, having the following characteristics: one or more sensors, a microcontrol unit (MCU), a power source and optionally a storage unit and/or a radio module. The sensors may optionally include sensors for accurate detection of the movement of the ski. For example, the sensors may include a multi-mars motion sensor or an acceleration sensor, MEMS magnetic field sensors or gyroscopes.

In another example, the energy source includes a battery and/or an accumulator and/or an energy harvester trained to use the vibrations generated by many sports equipment for energy generation in an optimal frequency range.

In another example, the monitoring system is designed to charge the battery via a connecting cable or cordlessly, in particular via an induction mat.

In other embodiments, additional sensors are integrated into a main module in the skier with wire-based or radio-based connections. All sensor types are eligible. For example, the sensors integrated there have a suitable size and shape so that they can be efficiently inserted into the carbon harnesses. For example, they can have a round or hexagonal or rectangular shape and a diameter or length range between 0.2 and 9 mm.

In other embodiments, additional optional sensors are located in other areas of the ski, for example a pressure sensor and/or a temperature sensor and/or acceleration sensors, which may be located in the side jaws, ski fins, under or over the belt and core caps.

Embodiments of the present invention also relate to the installation and mounting of the motion control system in a ski and/or snowboard, using the following methods: The installation may be on the ski top or surface coating or the upper belt, depending on the design.

According to other examples, the ski can be fixed by means of fixing methods such as adhesive, a sticky fastener, a clicking fastener, a zipper, magnets, a suction or pressure relief device, screws, melting, laminating, belts with elastic materials.

Other examples of embodiments include mounting or attachment to a ski tip, replacement of the normal ski tip with a ski tip-shaped motion flow monitoring system, insertion or attachment within the ski tip.

In other embodiments, the attachment is made to the ski binding or to a binding plate of the ski. This may be done optionally by inserting into the binding, which may include, for example, gluing, melting, making a suitable hollow space in the binding. An attachment to, next to or below the binding may include, for example, a glue, a gluing closure, a click closure, a zipper, magnets, a saw or sub-pressure device, a screw or melting. The insertion between the ski binding and/or floor plates and/or the ski binding may also be done without fastening material.

In accordance with other examples, sensors are designed to detect the gliding ability of sports equipment to glide on water in a frozen state, in particular snow and ice. These gliding sensors are designed in particular for alpine skiing, freestyle, cross-country skiing, snowboarding and skating, and record physical and chemical parameters (for example, by means of an electrical conductivity measurement or spectral analysis). The gliding ability sensors are further trained to use the gliding ability of sports equipment on snow and ice and the associated thin layer of water between the gliding surface of the sports equipment (e.g. skis or snowboards) and the snowboard and to determine the physical and chemical ability of the sports equipment by recording the parameters.

In other embodiments, a direct sensor measurement is performed in the ski tread, where a sensor sensor is made of a conductive abrasive material that is in contact with the snow and is sanded during the ski lift. This can be any conductive material. The length of the sensor depends on the thickness of the ski lining and the thermal conductivity of the roller.

In other embodiments, the pressure sensor is placed in a ski, in a ski tie, in a ski boot or in a piece of clothing for the foot or leg. For example, the pressure sensor can also be placed in socks or compression socks. The pressure sensors can include, for example, stretch strips, force electronics, piezoelectric, yarn and fabric elements for measuring momentum by physical and chemical processes.

Optionally, the measurement of the time of the footprint may also determine the position of the footprint in relation to the ski partner and/or the other leg/shoe and/or upper body, and the length of the footprint and the resulting forward thrust may be recorded by the sensors, which may include, in particular, a three-axis acceleration system, gyroscopes and MEMS sensors.

Optionally, the values determined by the sensors are set in relation to a stress (tension and height of the ski) for the measurement of the tread, for example three-axis acceleration sensors, MEMS sensors and pressure sensors.

Other examples of implementation refer to a method for determining the individually optimized target movement sequence. For example, based on the actual movement sequences detected by the above-mentioned sensor systems, further biomechanical and medically determined data can be compared with the optimal movement sequence of the sport. With changes/influences by input from a coach, sports instructor, the athlete himself and other professionals, further influencing possibilities (such as a plausibility test) are given.

In other embodiments, the measurement, analysis, monitoring of the movement flow and the surrounding objects is done by 3D sensors or 3D cameras in the sports equipment (e.g. skis and boards). The 3D sensors/cameras not only record one's own movement (such as a change to the environment such as speed, indirect calculation of the ejection pressure by triangulation with the environmental data), but also record the movement of other body parts and sports equipment (e.g. a capture and evaluation of the other leg).

Other examples of embodiments include a method and methods for measuring the resistance of the thrust achieved by the sport and other factors that reduce the result. The values recorded here include, for example (this list is not to be considered exclusive): a measurement of the wind resistance for all highly thrust-oriented outdoor sports (e.g. running, skiing, skiing, cycling), by means of appropriate sensors and miniaturized measuring devices.

For example, the method may include at least some of the following details: determination of the sliding ability of sports equipment by measuring physicochemical parameters; use of abrasive/abrasive connecting materials (sensors) and portable sensor information, which may be placed between the ski surface and the individual sensor or sensor main module; the length of the sensor is calculated, for example, by the thickness of the ski surface, the ski surface and the heat capacity of the sensor; detection of vibrations in the ball bearing to detect rolling resistance in road-based sports such as cycling, roller skating and inline skating; in other embodiments, traction is recorded but also by a rotary sensor, a 3D gyroscope or a side-switched sensor.

Figures 20 to 23 illustrate the gravitational pressure point method in detail. The gravitational pressure point method performs an indirect calculation or estimation of a force action (height of force action and direction or directional course) by means of acceleration sensors (where the use of a gyroscope may be additional or necessary). The acceleration sensors determine the acceleration data during the compression of materials, during the damping of an impact movement or during the pressing during an impression movement and relate them to the hardness or compression properties of the materials.

It is particularly suitable for applications where it is sufficient to determine the force performance only in bandwidths or categories, i.e. where precise measurements are not necessarily required.

In particular, when other measuring methods or sensors (e.g. stretch strips) cannot be used, the use of the gravitational pressure point method is useful, for example, when: (1) the service life or durability of pressure sensors such as stretch strips or capacitive elements in shoe soles is not adequately provided when in use, or (2) the use is too expensive or (3) too complex or technically difficult to manufacture, or (4) the sensors cannot be installed afterwards.

(a) Between the body (of the athlete or athlete) for which the force is to be determined and the substrate there is a deformable material whose hardness or deformability curve or compression course is known or can be determined. (b) A solid substrate can be assumed so that the applied force deforms only the material and is not extracted from the substrate. In the case of soft substrate - such as soft snow, forest floor, etc. - a drainage of compression through the soft substrate can be recorded. However, this compression of the substrate can also be recorded from the acceleration readings. However, since this compression can be eliminated at different heights and courses of compression (sub- or under-estimated) according to the underlying compression (slip) of the ski, these additional compression forces can be identified and corrected statistically (by taking into account the additional compression filters) by means of the ski filter, and can be calculated by taking into account the additional compression forces (or the additional compression forces) of the ski.

For indirect calculation or estimation of the force at the impact, determining the gravitational pressure point is useful to allow for a more accurate indirect calculation or estimation of the force. To determine the gravitational pressure point, a test (a kind of calibration) determines or calculates how far the deformable material is compressed when the body is at rest, i.e. only the weight of the body and thus the gravitational force acts on the deformable material.

When the body exerts a force and performs work, the deformable material is pushed further together or downwards. From this gravitational pressure or zero point, the further compression can be determined by an acceleration sensor, i.e. the accelerations and directions in 3-dimensional space can be recorded. By knowing the hardness of the material or the compression processes, the force and its direction can be calculated accordingly.

Err1:Expecting ',' delimiter: line 1 column 78 (char 77)The weight of the runner with clothing, etc., is known (can be entered in advance) and the compression can be measured (depending on the hardness of the cushioning sole, this will be very different; this gravitational pressure point can also be determined by machine for certain weight classes, for example, 50-60 kg, 61-70 kg, 71 - 80 kg, etc.).From this reciprocal load, information on the compression properties of the materials can be obtained or verified. The portable motion analysis system underlying the present invention is used with two integrated sensors that exchange information in real time.Fig. 20C: the runner lands on the ground when running from the corresponding jump/run height and at the corresponding running speed. As a result, the gravity G and the force F applied to the athlete act on the sole, which is therefore pressed through much more strongly than in Fig. 20B. The resulting value C is smaller than the value B (increased). This further reduction of the slope is below the figure.For example, 2.5 to 3.5 times the runner's body weight can act on the sole of the shoe. The force effect depends on the running speed and also the running style of the runner (e.g. jump/running height, which depends on the runner's footprint movement). To calculate the force effect, the difference between B and C is used and the force effect is calculated using the known hardness of the material or the compression courses.

Fig. 20B thus defines the gravitational pressure point, i.e. the point at which during a movement only the athlete's gravitational force acts on the sports equipment. If the compression properties of the material are known, the determination of the gravitational pressure point can be omitted. To check the compression properties, however, in many cases a test may be useful or even necessary.

Fig. 21 shows the footprint of the runner from the ground. The footprint compresses the sole of the shoe by the force F, i.e. the sole tip B, which defines the gravitational pressure point (see Fig. 20B), is further reduced to a value D as a result of the footprint. The distance of the compress, but especially the associated acceleration data (the curve), allow an indirect calculation of the force F also applied by the runner (especially its direction).

Figure 22 shows the example of a cross-country skier in the skating technique. In Figure 22 above, the gravitational pressure point is first shown again, which corresponds to the distance B, where only the gravitational force G of the athlete acts on the ski and thus represents a certain point within the movement of the athlete.

In this case, however, it is important to take into account the inclination. For example, when skating in the skating technique, the athlete pushes sideways, so that when pushing or pushing, the athlete's weight does not or not the full weight of the athlete is loaded on the ski and the ski is not pushed through by the athlete's weight or the gravitational force to the gravitational pressure point (B).

Therefore, when the first and/or second acceleration values are recorded, the direction and angle of inclination of the limbs and the ski are recorded in particular.

Figure 22 below shows the case where the distance B has been further reduced to a distance D (see enlarged representation in the middle; as explained above, the value B shown here may correspond to the value A if the ski is very inclined), which corresponds to the distance D, as shown, for example, in Figure 21 for a roll during running.

An important advantage of indirect measurement of the force when applying the shoe or footprint when running or skiing over other methods (e.g. insoles with capacitive elements for measuring pressure or force) is that not only the acceleration or braking and thus the force effect is determined, but also the exact direction of force is measured. For example, if the force when applying the shoe or footprint when applying the shoe is derived laterally, so-called over-pronations or supinations can be caused or caused with negative health consequences. The use of other absorbent materials or a different composition of different absorbent materials can prevent or reduce this. This can then provide at least a new information that is important for the correcting or preservation of the running balance.

Fig. 23 shows the functional relationship of the speed v of the athlete (or the sports equipment) with time t, as can be detected, for example, when running through the acceleration sensors. It is understood that a speed reached or a speed course can be determined by continuous acceleration measurements (summary). In Fig. 23 the shoe moves towards the ground and is rapidly slowed down by the damping element at time t0 at ground contact, i.e. the speed is rapidly decreased until it is zero at time t1 and then rises again.This depends on the force acting and the compression course of the material. Since the compression course of the material can be determined or known, the force effect can be determined by determining the curve course during braking. It should be noted that this is a highly simplified sketch, since the movement takes place in 3-dimensional space and the sensor data are recorded on the x, y and z axes.Examples of different courses are shown in the magnification by the dashed lines. It should be noted that the curves represent the absolute amount of speed v and do not take into account the reversal of movement that occurs after a runner is set, rolled and pushed off when running in contact with the ground.

It should also be noted that the curves shown depend on the temperature and elasticity of the material of the sports equipment (e.g. the shoes or the skier). However, for (almost) constant temperatures and elasticity, the individual curves in Fig. 23 are a direct indication of the force applied to the ground. These values/curves can be recorded by the modules and used for integrated evaluation. To exclude temperature changes or elasticity changes, additional sensors can be provided in the sports equipment. For example, the temperature can be measured correctly by a temperature sensor or sensors can provide the deformability of the sports equipment or control the material (which can determine the compression or compressibility of the sports equipment itself). These data can also be provided by means of a pre-compression test (for example, the compression or compressibility of the sports equipment) or by means of a compression calculation (for example, the elasticity of the materials used in the test).

Further examples may also include a further calibration process, which first tests the acceleration sensors for ground acceleration, direction, etc., so that the force F exerted by the athlete can be determined by subtracting the force of gravity (using the weight of the athlete) from the measured acceleration values.

The integrated system with two sensor systems underlying this invention allows the force exerted by an athlete on one foot as determined by the gravitational pressure point method to be directly related to the effect on the other foot and the entire movement sequence. When running, the athlete pushes down on one foot (determination of force exerted by the gravitational pressure point method) and thereby accelerates the body - and thereby also the second foot with the second sensor system on it. This acceleration of the second foot is the result of the footprint of the first foot. The first footprint that pushes down also accelerates after the footprint, but in many cases it is slightly later than the footprint (the weight of the foot depends on the weight measurement method).

The features of the invention disclosed in the description, claims and figures may be either individually or in any combination essential to the realization of the invention.

Claims (15)

1. A portable motion analysis system for detecting a deviation of a user movement from a motion profile for an improved exercising of a sport, the system comprising:

   a first sensor module (100) with at least one first acceleration sensor or another motion sensor (101), a first data transmission unit (105) and a first processing unit (102), wherein the first sensor module (100) can couple to a body part of the user and is adapted to detect first acceleration values of the body part as first sensor data; and

   a second sensor module (200) with at least one second acceleration sensor or another motion sensor (201), a second data transmission unit (205) and a second processing unit (202), wherein the second sensor module (200) can couple to a further part of the user and is configured to detect second acceleration values of the further body part as second sensor data,

   characterized in that

   the first sensor module (100) and the second sensor module (200) are installable or attachable to or in a sport equipment and each can couple to a motion of a corresponding leg of the user,

   wherein the first processing unit (102) is adapted to compare the detected acceleration values from the first acceleration sensor (101) with the motion profile, and the first data transmission unit (105) is configured to transmit to the second sensor module (200) at least those data related to the first acceleration values that deviate from the motion profile,

   and wherein the second processing unit (202) is configured to compare the second acceleration values of the second acceleration sensor (201) with the motion profile and with data transmitted from the first sensor module (100) to thereby put the sensor data in a spatial and temporal relation and to enable an overall assessment, and to confirm a movement deviation of the user from the motion profile and to output it over the second data transfer unit (205).
2. The portable motion analysis system according to claim 1, wherein the second processing unit (202) is configured to issue a confirmation for the movement deviation of the user from the motion profile in respect to the first sensor module (100) and the second sensor module and, in this case, to send a notice to the first sensor module (100), and wherein the first processing unit (102) is configured to evaluate the message of the second sensor module and to adapt the motion profile.
3. The motion analysis system according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the first processing unit (102) and the second processing unit (202) are configured to detect a time sequence of acceleration data together with a direction and inclination angle by the first acceleration sensor (101) and/or by the second acceleration sensor (201) and based thereon to determine a speed and/or a direction change of the user or a sporting equipment or a hardware.
4. The motion analysis system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first sensor module (100) and/or the second sensor module (200) comprise further at least one of the following components: a data storage (104, 204), an energy storage (103, 203), a user interface (106, 206), a pressure sensor (101d, 201d), a gravity measure sensor, a temperature sensor, a magnetic sensor (101b, 201b), a gyroscope, a wind sensor, a vibration sensor, a 3D camera (101c, 201c), a spectral analysis unit, a chemical analysis sensor and a conductivity measurement unit, wherein the pressure sensor (101d, 201d) of the first sensor module (100) and/or the second sensor module (200) are configured to measure a pressure between the sport equipment of the user and a ground, and wherein the first processing unit (102) and/or the second processing unit (202) are configured to compare the measured pressure with corresponding values of the motion profile.
5. The motion analysis system according to claim 4, wherein the 3D camera (101c) is configured to generate a spatial image of a surrounding of the first and/or the second sensor module (100, 200), and the first processing unit (102) and/or the second processing unit (202) are configured to detect a spatial orientation of the sport equipment in respect to a ground and to output deviations from a standard value.
6. The motion analysis system according to claim 4 or claim 5, wherein the first processing unit (102) and/or the second processing unit (202) are configured to detect based on sensor data of at least one acceleration sensor (101, 201), at least one gyroscope and/or at least one 3D camera (101c, 201c) a traction of the sport equipment in respect to the ground and to output deviations from a standard value.
7. The motion analysis system according to one of the claims 4 to 6, wherein the first processing unit (102) and/or the second processing unit (202) are configured to determine from measured values in respect to physical and/or chemical properties, in particular from the conductivity measurement unit, a sliding capacity of the sport equipment on frozen water, especially snow, and wherein the first processing unit (102) and/or the second processing unit (202) are configured to detect the sliding capacity and to adapt based thereon the motion profile.
8. The motion analysis system according to one of the claims 4 to 7, wherein the first processing unit (102) and/or the second processing unit (202) are configured to provide indications relating to the snow or rolling resistances on the ground from the measured values of the vibration sensors.
9. The motion analysis system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the second data transmission unit (205) is configured to visualize a result of the second processing unit (202) to the user and/or to store the result in a main storage (204) and/or to send the result to an output unit.
10. Motion analysis system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first processing unit (102) is configured to detect a motion operation of a leg of the user and the second processing unit (202) is configured to detect a motion operation of another leg of the user, and to compare them with an optimal form and to output deviations therefrom, and/or wherein the second processing unit (202) is further configured to use sensor data, which are detected by the first and/or the second sensor module (100, 200), for a direct or indirect measurement of a force and/or of a pressure, to put them in a time-like sequence, to compare them with a profile, and to output deviations therefrom, wherein the indirect force measurement is carried out by the gravitational pressure point method.
11. The motion analysis system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first processing unit (102) and/or the second processing unit (202) are configured to generate based on the detected data an individual motion profile for the user and to use it for a subsequent detection of the motion deviation of the user, wherein the detected data are sensor data of at least one of the available sensors or are input over the user interface (106, 206) by the user.
12. The motion analysis system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first processing unit (102) and/or the second processing unit (202) are configured to establish based on the detected data a stress profile of various body regions and muscle groups of the user.
13. Sport equipment, in particular a pair of skis or a pair of running shoes, with a motion analysis system according to one of the claims 1 to 12.
14. Method with the following steps:

    detecting first sensor data by a first sensor module (100), that depends on a motion of a leg of the user,

    characterized by

    detecting of second sensor data which depends on a further movement of a further leg of the user by a second sensor module (200), wherein the first sensor module (100) and the second sensor module (200) are arranged at or in a sporting equipment;

    comparing the first sensor data with a motion profile;

    transmitting the first sensor data from the first sensor module (100) to the second sensor module (200), when the first sensor data deviates from the motion profile;

    comparing the second sensor data with a motion profile;

    confirming a motion deviation of the user from the motion profile; and

    outputting the confirmation.
15. Method of claim 14, which further comprises the steps:

    manufacturing an individual sporting equipment based on the detected motion deviation, wherein the manufacturing comprises individual adaptation of an attenuation of running shoes and/or an adaptation of a tension of skis.