HK1174373A1 - Method and system for carrying out closed-loop or open-loop control of the water pressure in a pressure zone and device for carrying out and for operating same - Google Patents

Abstract

Method for carrying out closed-loop or open-loop control of the water pressure in a pressure zone, in which method the flowing pressure is adaptive at the respective extraction station (2, 2a) after detection of extraction of water or of a fault at the extraction station (2, 2a) by setting the maximum permissible supply pressure setpoint value for this extraction station (2, 2a), wherein this is done at least as a function of the geodetic height (9) of the extraction station (2, 2a) by means of open-loop or closed-loop control of the rotational speed of a pump drive, the pump (4) of which supplies the extraction station (2, 2a) with water, wherein, if it is detected that water is being extracted at at least one further extraction station (2, 2a), the new supply pressure is set to the maximum permissible supply pressure setpoint value for this further extraction station (2, 2a) at which extraction of water is detected, and if a fault is detected at at least one further extraction station (2, 2a) when previously no extraction of water was detected, the new supply pressure is set to the lowest supply pressure setpoint value for all the extraction stations (2, 2a) at which a fault is detected, wherein any new supply pressure is also respectively set at least as a function of the geodetic height (9) of the respective extraction stations (2, 2a) by means of the open-loop or closed-loop control of the rotational speed of the pump drive, the pump (4) of which drive supplies the extraction stations (2, 2a) with water, and a system based thereon together with a correspondingly configured computer system and correspondingly operating computer program, if appropriate on a data carrier or carrier signal.

Description

Method and system for closed-loop or open-loop control of water pressure in a pressure zone, and an actuating device and an operating device therefor

The invention relates to a method and a system for closed-loop or open-loop control of the water pressure in a pressure zone, and an execution device and an operation device thereof.

For safety or technical reasons, it is customary in high-rise buildings to limit the maximum water pressure at the service water consumers (for example fire hoses or automatic fire sprinklers) to the standard.

If the water supply pressure is prepared for fire hoses in the 40 th floor with a height of 120 m, the maximum hydrodynamic pressure in the underground garage when taking water can likewise not exceed 8 Bar (Bar) for reasons of operational safety (e.g. firefighters). For the protection of fire fighters, a pressure of 80 MPa (8 bar) is specified as the maximum reasonable limit. Although these pressure reducing valves have been removed from fire fighting equipment for many years according to the standard (DIN 1988), pressure reducers have been used in the past to limit the pressure on fire hoses.

According to the technical specifications accepted at the time of application, the following two different types of equipment are known that can limit the maximum pressure:

the first type is the division of the building into a plurality of water pressure zones, where all 10 floors can be laid with separate pipes, which are each supplied with water by separate pressure boosting devices. The design according to the prior art, design B, can be found in the draft DIN EN 1988-500 published in appendix 1.

The second type of equipment is the supply of water to the building through a riser, the maximum supply pressure being guaranteed by pressure regulators and/or reducers. The design according to the prior art, i.e. design C and/or design D, can be found in the abovementioned DIN EN 1988-500 draft in appendix 1.

Both types have disadvantages, however: the first type of prior art requires a high material and technical outlay due to the need to prepare a plurality of risers and booster pumps, which makes these designs very expensive if the specified maximum pressure cannot be exceeded. In the second type, the pressure regulating valve and/or the pressure reducing valve are very sensitive, which may threaten the water supply. It is therefore highly controversial to use it in fire water installations, and its use should be avoided (see DIN 1988).

Based on this situation it is desirable to be able to develop a device which on the one hand provides the desired or required pressure to the working water and/or fire water equipment of each floor in a high-rise building, but which on the other hand can also provide the required pressure in accordance with the respective pressure limit using only one riser and one pump device without the use of pressure regulators and/or pressure reducing valves.

According to a solution in a plant of the prior art (reference to the type of control of high-rise drinking water separation stations published by Gtsch, Enrico on the internet 5/6 2009, with the website "http:// www.gep-h2o. de/service/facitibibilothek/facihbeitrag-detail. htmlbei _ id = 87"), a certain water supply pressure is used for each floor which is reserved when the firewater mode is triggered in the case of one-way control, which water supply pressure can provide the required dynamic water pressure at the required water intake point: approximately 4.5 bar is required. When the fire water alarm is triggered in the 20 th floor, the pump must generate a water supply pressure of, for example, 15 bar to reach the desired 4.5 bar on the 30 th floor. Whereas when operating fire hoses in underground garages, the pump only needs to generate a supply pressure of, for example, 5 bar to achieve the same hydrodynamic pressure. The corresponding value is saved and only the value of a floor needs to be queried in case an alarm is triggered on that floor. In practice this can be achieved by means of a variable speed pump, for example a pump driven by a variable frequency three phase ac motor.

However, this practice has the same obvious disadvantage as the above-described practice, if the fire is to be extinguished on the 20 th floor, a water supply pressure of 15 bar is simultaneously present in the underground garage. If a fire were to occur in the underground garage, then the maximum allowable hydrodynamic pressure of 8 bar would be greatly exceeded.

In addition to this problem, there is also a problem of fault detection in such devices. The detection of a fault at a water intake station, which is usually a disconnection or a short-circuit of the signal line of the respective water intake station, should lead to an adjustment or regulation of the water supply pressure to a level corresponding to the maximum permissible running water pressure of the water intake station, since in this case it must be taken into account as far as possible that the respective maximum permissible water supply pressure is provided for a certain alarm signal, i.e. water intake, to the water intake station. This is justified because such fault detection is carried out as first as possible in the case of a fire only if the fire could have attacked the conductor and the signal lines of the water extraction station before it was detected (smoke detector). Such a fault detection therefore represents evidence that a fire situation may exist, which the fire water supply system may be prepared in such a way that the pressure is adjusted accordingly, so that it can immediately react with the corresponding water supply pressure in the event of a subsequent alarm being triggered.

The problem still remains to regulate or regulate the water pressure such that, on the one hand, the above-mentioned, highly relevant, but also maximally permissible water supply pressure is available in the event of an alarm, i.e. water intake, but, on the other hand, it is also ensured that the pressure is regulated in a prospective manner as a function of the fault detection result, in particular as a function of the disconnection and/or short circuit detection result. This is difficult to do because the corresponding results may also be related to each other. If a fire has been detected in the eighth floor or if the fire water system here has issued an alarm, which has resulted in water being taken on the eighth floor, it is quite possible to cause a fault detection on the other floors when the fire strikes the signal line.

Against the background of the prior art, published by Gtsch, 5/6.09, above, the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a method and a system for closed-loop or open-loop control of the water pressure in a pressure region, in which, even in the case of simultaneous water intake at different floors according to a maximum hydrodynamic pressure limit, inexpensive one-way devices can be used, and on the one hand, as high a fire safety as possible can be ensured in an effort to comply with the maximum pressure limit, but on the other hand, the water pressure can also be adjusted preventively in a manner in which faults are detected, in particular in a manner in which a broken line or a short circuit is recognized.

This task is solved by a method for closed-loop or open-loop control of the water pressure in a pressure area according to claim 1, which, like the method disclosed by Gtsch, 5.09 and 6.09, adjusts the maximum allowable water supply pressure setpoint of the respective water intake station in such a way that the dynamic water pressure is adapted to the water intake station, after the detection of a water intake or a malfunction at the water intake station, at least depending on the ground height of the water intake station, by closed-loop or open-loop control of the pump drive speed of the pump supplying water to the water intake station, but the invention is characterized in that,

-in case water intake is detected on at least one further water intake station,

the new water supply pressure is adjusted to the maximum allowable water supply pressure setpoint of another water intake station that has detected that water is being taken,

-in case of a fault detected on at least one other water intake station if no water intake has been detected before,

and adjusting the new water supply pressure to be the lowest water supply pressure set value of all the water taking stations with the detected faults.

The new water supply pressure can also be adjusted in a closed-loop or open-loop manner by controlling the pump drive rotational speed of the water supply pump 4 supplying water to the water extraction stations 2, 2a at least as a function of the ground level 9 of the respective water extraction station 2, 2 a.

If another water intake is detected, the new water supply pressure is adjusted to the maximum allowable value for the other water intake station.

If, on the other hand, a fault continues to be detected (e.g. disconnection, short circuit) and no water intake has been found (detected) before, the new water supply pressure is adjusted to the lowest water supply pressure setpoint for all water intake stations for which a fault has been detected.

In this case the new feed water pressure can be adjusted to the maximum allowable feed water pressure setpoint for the lowest located water pick-up station where a fault has been detected. If a fault is detected on the 50 th floor, then the 4 th floor, then the 3 rd floor, without having previously detected water intake on any of the floors, and the target kinetic water pressure in each floor is 4.5 bar, the water supply pressure can be adjusted appropriately according to the invention to produce a kinetic water pressure of 4.5 bar on the 3 rd floor and a relatively small kinetic water pressure on the floors above it. In this way, the fire service installation can be operated in the described exemplary embodiment, so that in the event of a fire in the underground garage, the setpoint rotational speed of the pump drive can be set such that the pump generates only a pressure (water supply pressure) which is capable of generating a hydrodynamic pressure of 8 bar in the underground garage, but not 15 bar. It is intended to take into account that the hydrodynamic pressure for fire suppression drops in higher floors. The latter point of water intake takes precedence over the former point of water intake, since in practice it should be taken into account that the fire fighting has already been transferred from the former point of water intake to the latter point of water intake, and the safety of fire fighting should now be ensured by readjusting the water pressure.

The method according to the invention also ensures that the water pressure is adjusted prospectively as a result of the detection of a fault, by adjusting the water pressure at the point of water intake where the fault was first found, taking into account that there is a possible fire source at or near this point and taking into account that there is the greatest possibility of extinguishing a fire, i.e. taking water.

Triggering an alarm, i.e. taking water, always takes precedence over regulating the water pressure according to the fault detection result, since the maximum permissible running water pressure should be available at the site of taking water in order to suppress the fire as effectively as possible.

The rotational speed of the pump drive can be set and the pump characteristic curve stored in the memory of the computer system for carrying out the method according to the invention, so that the corresponding rotational speed can be determined for any set feed water pressure. In this case, it is not necessary to use a separate sensor for measuring the pump pressure, i.e. the feed water pressure (= operating pressure of the pressure zone). Alternatively, however, the supply pressure (i.e. the pressure generated by the pump in the pressure region) can be measured by means of a pressure sensor, and the setpoint value of the rotational speed of the pump drive can be used as a control variable for setting the water pressure.

Preferably, the water supply pressure is adjusted not only in dependence on the ground level, but also in dependence on the pipe friction losses, for example the water distribution equipment can be calibrated and the values found in the water supply pressure values held at each floor can be taken into account.

The detection of water being taken at one of the water intake stations can be carried out in different ways and methods, for example by means of a measuring element which can be triggered when the water intake point is manually operated or by means of a measuring element which can be triggered when a certain water volume flow is reached and/or exceeded. It is also possible to detect faults on the water tapping station, i.e. faults of the corresponding measuring element of the water tapping station, such as short-circuit or disconnection faults, it being possible to use normally closed contacts instead of normally open contacts.

If the requirements of the DIN 14462 standard are to be met, all measuring elements must be checked one by one for wire breakage, short circuits and alarm triggering: for example, a water intake point is manually operated or a certain water volume flow is reached and/or exceeded.

The rotational speed of the pump, more precisely the pump drive, can be controlled open-loop or closed-loop in the usual manner by means of a variable-speed, more precisely brushless, direct-current drive electrode as the pump drive. However, it is currently preferred to use a variable frequency ac drive motor as the pump drive.

By adopting the method for carrying out closed-loop or on-off control on the water pressure in the pressure area, the water supply pressure can be adjusted according to the condition of pressure reduction, and the following modes can be (at least) adopted: the actuator or regulator, preferably a drain valve, is kept open or the pressure reducing pump is continuously reduced until the new supply pressure is reached or falls below.

With regard to the method for releasing the closed-loop or open-loop control of the water pressure in the pressure zone according to the invention, it is noted that after stopping all water intake detections and stopping all fault detections on the water intake stations, the water supply pressure is adjusted to a given value corresponding to the maximum allowable water supply pressure for all water intake stations in the pressure zone (typically the maximum allowable water supply pressure for the highest located water intake station). If the building has 20 floors and the maximum allowable pressure at the 20 th floor is 20.5 bar, the supply water pressure in the pressure area is adjusted to a standby pressure of 20.5 bar after stopping all the tests (fault detection and water intake detection) at all the floors, so that in the most unfavorable case, such as a fire on the 20 th floor, sufficient hydrodynamic pressure is immediately available at the water intake point there.

The method of the invention described herein may become problematic in those situations where particularly long risers are used (tall buildings) because the pressure in the riser for the section of pipe that is further below will become considerably higher due to the water column. In this case it is difficult to rapidly reduce the supply water pressure in the pipe to the maximum allowable hydrodynamic pressure by means of the discharge valve, since the drop in the water column (which certainly would use a costly discharge valve) may last for a while, which may be too long for the lower region. This problem does not generally occur in conventional systems having multiple pressure zones, since here the building can be divided into different pressure zones, thereby limiting the height of each riser.

In the case of the present invention, the method according to the invention can therefore be carried out with a pressure-reducing device which is designed such that the water supply line, i.e. the stand pipe, has at least one non-return valve which can be opened in the direction of the water flow directed upwards from the water pressure source to the water intake point and which closes only almost in the opposite direction, since the valve has an opening which is designed such that water can pass under the influence of gravity in the direction opposite to the aforementioned flow direction, so that the area of the water supply line situated behind the non-return valve (viewed in the upward flow direction) is not subjected to a pressure which exceeds the pressure caused by gravity when the non-return valve is closed. The compressibility of water is very small (0.00021 m3/m 3K at 20 ℃), and small circular holes in the valve, not larger than 10 mm in diameter, particularly preferably not larger than 5 mm, are sufficient to allow the water to flow back under the action of gravity, thus reducing the pressure at an extremely rapid rate. If the opening is not designed as a circular hole, i.e. it is not designed as a bore hole, the opening size in diameter is replaced by another geometric opening cross-sectional area (approximately) equal to the area of the circular hole.

If the water pipe, i.e. the riser pipe, is relatively long, a number of spaced-apart non-return valves of the type according to the invention can be used, by means of which the pressure in the respective section due to the water column in the pipe is limited, since these valves only have a small opening in the direction of the (return) flow generated by gravity.

For the sake of completeness only, it should be mentioned that the pressure reduction device according to the invention described here is not only usable with the method according to the invention described here and its implementation, but can also represent an independent invention for pressure reduction in liquid conveying pipelines, in particular in risers, independently, since rapid pressure reduction can be achieved in the pipelines, without high liquid (in particular water) discharge volume flows, either individually or in a row one after the other at a distance in the pipelines.

All the embodiments of the method according to the invention for closed-loop or open-loop control of the water pressure in the pressure region described above can be carried out on a correspondingly configured computer system, which preferably has an interface for controlling the actuator (here setting a setpoint value for the rotational speed of the pump drive) and/or an interface for reading in measured values or sensor states (here, for example, a pressure sensor, a water flow meter or a water intake valve sensor). The method according to the invention may also be provided as a downloadable computer program, for example on a data carrier or an electronic carrier signal.

An open-loop or closed-loop water pressure control system for closed-loop or open-loop control of the water pressure in a pressure zone according to the invention can be constructed with the aid of such a computer system and corresponding measuring elements and/or actuators (actuators and/or sensors), which control system has a computer system arranged as described above and also employs detectors for detecting water intake or faults at the water intake station, which are connected to the computer system via an interface for connecting the detector or detectors. In addition, a pump is used in such a system, which supplies water to the intake station and has a pump drive, the rotational speed of which can be set via an interface for outputting a setpoint rotational speed, and the computer system is connected to the pump drive via the interface for outputting the setpoint rotational speed. The system according to the invention also preferably has a pressure sensor which measures the corresponding supply pressure (also referred to as pump pressure), i.e. the operating pressure which the pump causes in the pressure zone.

The closed-loop or open-loop water pressure control system of the present invention is preferably used for closed-loop or open-loop control of the water pressure of a water supply for industrial water and/or drinking water, in particular in a high-rise building in which the floor of at least one residential space is located more than 22 meters above the ground (around the building). The high-rise building particularly preferably has only one pressure region for water supply, i.e. only one industrial water supply riser and/or only one drinking water supply riser. It is not mentioned, however, that in (particularly large) buildings with a plurality of pressure zones, it is also possible to use the system according to the invention (as in the method according to the invention) if the building is too large for only one pressure zone, i.e. if the distance between two floors to be supplied with water in parallel with each other becomes too large without the pressure at the water intake point that must be in the lower floors becoming too high. In this case the invention enables a reduction in the number of pressure zones, because the invention can set this number so that just two different floors can be supplied with water in parallel with each other, and the pressure on the lower floor does not become too high at the point of taking the water, or the pressure on the upper floor does not become too low.

The invention is particularly preferably used as a closed-loop or open-loop control system for the water pressure of fire water supply, especially in high buildings. In this case, the fire water network of the high-rise building may also have only one pressure zone. The invention can also be used in this use case at least for reducing the number of pressure zones if the pressure still becomes too great, as is the case for industrial and/or drinking water supply mentioned above.

A specific embodiment will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the embodiment. The attached drawings are as follows:

fig. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a 50-story high building having only one fire water pressure area, in which an embodiment of the present invention is used,

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a riser having an embodiment of a pressure relief device according to the present invention, an

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a standpipe having another embodiment of a pressure relief device according to the present invention.

Fig. 1 is a schematic vertical sectional view of a 50-story high-rise building having only one fire water pressure area, in which an embodiment of the present invention is used, the high-rise building 1 having an underground story with an underground garage T and 50 stories OG, all of which are not depicted one by one.

On each floor OG there is a water intake station 2, which is connected to only one common water line 3, 3a (leading as a riser 3 to the upper floor OG), through which the water intake station 2 is supplied with water from a pump 4 located in the underground level. The pump 4 has a pump drive with an adjustable rotational speed, which can be controlled by a computer system 5 via an interface for outputting a setpoint rotational speed 6. The computer system (computer) 5 is furthermore connected via an interface to a detector 7 for detecting the intake of water at the intake station 2, 2 a. This interface 7 is connected to the respective detector at the water intake point 2, 2a via a signal line 8, 8a, so that the trigger signal of the detector can be transmitted to the computer system 5. These signal lines 8, 8a are preferably star-connected to the computer 5, and in particular it is preferred to monitor whether these signal lines are open and/or short-circuited, for example by using a corresponding line monitoring model (a model comprising a resistor network, for example the line monitoring system of Walluszek GmbH, 01591 Riesa). The signal lines 8, 8a leading in star form from the computer 5 to the detectors are preferably laid as far as possible together in one cable bundle or adjacent to one another on the same cable tray, so that a fire at a certain location strikes the signal lines approximately simultaneously. If this happens, it will be detected that all conductors are short-circuited and/or broken, i.e. a fault is detected. According to the invention, this will result in the supply pressure (as long as no water intake has been detected before) being adjusted to the lowest water pressure set point for the water intake station for which a fault has been detected. If, for example, a fire should occur between the second and third floors 2.OG, 3.OG, after a short time all signal lines 8 above the second floor 2.OG will signal a malfunction, since the fire here will attack all these lines and then either cause a short circuit or (later) even a disconnection. On the contrary, the wires of the first and second floors 1.OG, 2.OG remain intact. At this point, the computer 5 operating according to the method of the invention can suitably adjust the water supply pressure to be equal to a water supply pressure setpoint corresponding to the lowest water pressure setpoint of the water extraction station at which the fault has been detected. The lowest water pressure setpoint of the water extraction station for which a fault has been detected is in this case the water pressure setpoint of the third floor 3. OG. The water supply pressure is thus adjusted to this value and can then be used for the fire fighting work there. In addition to the conventional star signal line routing and the usual type of disconnection/short circuit monitoring, it is naturally also possible to use modern bus systems with active signal detectors and/or other active signal elements, which periodically send a readiness signal, for example, via a bus to a control center, i.e. to the computer 5. If such a ready signal is absent for some fixed set period of time (similar to a safety push button switch), there is some fault in that location, such as a broken line, a short circuit, or a signal detector malfunction. If, in addition, the signal detector is connected to the control center via a further, second signal bus in a separate line, i.e. a line arranged on a different spatial path, it can be distinguished with high probability whether the line is faulty (broken or short-circuited) or the detector is faulty. If the detector only logs on one of the two signal lines, the other line is faulty; if there is no entry on both spatially separated lines, there is a high probability that the detector itself is faulty or that a fault event (such as a fire) is present in the surroundings of the detector.

A water pick-up station 2a is also provided in the underground level in the underground garage T. The computer system 5 can be programmed accordingly by the method according to the invention for open-loop or closed-loop control of the fire-fighting water installation of the tall building 1 according to the invention.

The use of a reserve supply pressure (also called pump pressure, i.e. the water pressure generated by the pump in the pressure zone) for each floor is used when the firewater mode is triggered, which supply pressure provides the required hydrodynamic pressure at the required water intake point 2, 2 a-approximately the requirement of 4.5 bar. Thereafter if a fire water alarm is given in the 50 th floor 50.OG, the pump 4 must generate a water supply pressure of, for example, 20.5 bar in order to reach the required pressure of 4.5 bar at the 50 th floor 50. OG. If, on the other hand, the fire hydrant 2a is operated in the underground garage T, the pump 4 is only required to build up a supply pressure of, for example, 5 bar, in order to achieve the same 4.5 bar hydrodynamic pressure here. The corresponding value is stored and in the event of an alarm on a certain floor OG the floor value is looked up in memory (memory and/or mass storage) only by the computer 5, and the pump 4 is then controlled accordingly by means of the rotational speed value or, if a higher pressure is already present, the discharge valve 11 is opened until the pressure is reached or (just) lowered and the pump is then brought back to the desired rotational speed value.

At this point, if a subsequent fire event occurs in the underground garage T after the 50 th floor 50.OG has occurred, then the maximum allowable hydrodynamic pressure of 8 bar will be greatly exceeded.

At this time, the invention can be adopted, not only the dynamic water pressure on the corresponding water taking station 2 and 2a can be adjusted to the maximum allowable water pressure set value of the water taking station 2 after water taking is detected, but also the rotating speed of the pump driving device of the water supply pump 4 of the water taking station 2 through the stand pipe 3 can be adjusted in a closed-loop control mode according to the ground height 9 of the water taking station 2 on the 50 th floor 50. OG; furthermore, the hydrodynamic pressure can also be adjusted to the maximum permissible value of the intake station 2a, in which the (further) intake of water has already been detected, in the event of the detection of the intake of water by the further intake station 2a (here in the underground garage T), or (at least) depending on the ground height of the respective intake station 2, 2a by closed-loop control of the rotational speed of the pump 4 and/or by the discharge valve 11 and/or by the pressure reduction pump (i.e. by adjusting the supply water pressure).

It is preferred here to use a non-return valve 10 in the form of a butterfly-shaped non-return valve which can be opened in the direction of the water flow directed upwards from the water pressure source to the water intake point and only closes more or less in the opposite direction, because the valve has an opening which is suitably designed so that water can pass under the influence of gravity in the direction opposite to the aforementioned flow direction, so that the area of the water supply line situated behind the non-return valve (viewed in the upward flow direction) is not subjected to a pressure which exceeds the pressure caused by gravity when the non-return valve is closed. After the water supply pressure of the water extraction station has been established in the 50 th floor 50.OG, the water supply pressure can thus be reduced to the level of the underground garage T by means of a simple discharge valve, without having to use expensive industrial valves with a large cross section.

This enables the fire service water installation to be operated appropriately so that the setpoint speed of the pump drive can be set appropriately in the event of a fire in the underground garage T, so that the pump 4 generates only 8 bar in the underground garage T instead of 15 bar. The drop in hydrodynamic pressure for fire suppression in the 50 th floor 50.OG is intentionally taken into account here, since there is usually only one fire suppression site at a time.

Fig. 2 shows a longitudinal section through a riser with an embodiment of the pressure relief device according to the invention. The riser pipe 3 (water supply pipe) has a non-return valve 10, here a cover plate 13 which can be moved in a range in the axial direction of the water pipe 3 along a guide 12, which non-return valve can be opened from a water pressure source upwards in the water flow direction 14a to the water withdrawal point, because the cover plate 13 can be forced upwards by the water supply pressure towards a pillar 12b, so that the section of the pipe 3 which is directed in this direction is closed, and is only almost closed in the opposite direction 14b, in which the pipe section which is in this direction is completely covered by the cover plate, because a suitably designed opening 15 is used, so that water can pass under the influence of gravity in the opposite direction to the above-mentioned flow direction 14a, so that the area of the water supply pipe 3 which is behind the non-return valve 10 (viewed in the upward flow direction 14 a) is not subjected to a pressure other than that caused by gravity when the non- The application is as follows.

Fig. 3 shows a longitudinal section through a riser with another embodiment of the pressure relief device according to the invention. Here too, a water supply line 3 (here also a riser line) can be seen, which has a non-return valve 10 which can be opened in a water flow direction 14a pointing upwards from the water pressure source to the water intake point, i.e. by means of a valve plate 13a which can be pivoted about an axis 12c, here also preferably towards a support 12b, so that it is opened at least over 90 ° and can be kept closed at all times by the water pressure, and which, in the opposite direction 14b, presses down the valve plate 13a which is not completely vertically opened by the water flowing downwards and thus only closes more or less. Since there is an appropriately designed opening 15 which allows water to pass under the influence of gravity in the direction opposite to the above-mentioned flow direction 14a, so that the region of the water supply line 3 situated behind the non-return valve 10 (viewed in the upward flow direction 14 a) is not subjected to a pressure other than that caused by gravity when the non-return valve 10 is closed.

Claims (22)

1. A method for closed-loop or open-loop control of the water pressure in a pressure zone, wherein, after detection of a water intake or a malfunction at a water intake station (2, 2 a), the maximum permissible water supply pressure of the water intake station (2, 2 a) is adjusted in such a way that the set value of the dynamic water pressure is adapted to the water intake station (2, 2 a) in dependence on at least the ground height (9) of the water intake station (2, 2 a), in such a way that a closed-loop or open-loop control of the pump drive rotational speed of a pump (4) supplying water to the water intake station (2, 2 a) is carried out,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

-in case of detection of water intake at least one further water intake station (2, 2 a),

adjusting the new water supply pressure to the maximum allowable water supply pressure setpoint of the other water intake station (2, 2 a) that has detected taking water,

-in case of a fault detected on at least one other water intake station (2, 2 a) if no water intake has been detected before,

adjusting the new water supply pressure to the lowest water supply pressure set value of all the water taking stations (2, 2 a) with the faults detected,

wherein any new water supply pressure can also be adjusted in a closed-loop or open-loop controlled manner at least as a function of the ground height (9) of the respective water extraction station (2, 2 a) with respect to the pump drive rotational speed of the pump (4) supplying water to the water extraction station (2, 2 a).

2. A method of closed or open loop control of water pressure in a pressure zone as claimed in claim 1, wherein the supply pressure is also adjusted in response to pipe friction losses.

3. Method for closed-loop or open-loop control of the water pressure in a pressure zone according to claim 1, characterized in that the intake detection at the intake station (2, 2 a) is carried out by means of a measuring element which can be triggered when the intake station (2, 2 a) is manually operated.

4. Method for closed-loop or open-loop control of the water pressure in a pressure zone according to claim 1, characterized in that the intake detection at the intake station (2, 2 a) is carried out by means of a measuring element which can be triggered when a certain water volume flow is reached and/or exceeded.

5. A method for closed-loop or open-loop control of the water pressure in a pressure zone according to claim 1, characterized in that a fault at the water pick-up station (2, 2 a) is detected by a disconnection measurement.

6. Method for closed-loop or open-loop control of the water pressure in a pressure zone according to claim 1, characterized in that a fault at the water extraction station (2, 2 a) is detected by short-circuit detection.

7. A method of closed-loop or open-loop control of water pressure in a pressure zone as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the open-loop or closed-loop rotational speed control is performed by a brushless dc drive motor as the pump drive.

8. A method of closed-loop or open-loop control of the water pressure in a pressure zone as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the open-loop or closed-loop rotational speed control is performed by means of a variable frequency drive as the pump drive.

9. A method for closed-loop or on-off control of water pressure in a pressure zone according to claim 1, characterized in that the supply water pressure is adjusted at least also for pressure drops in the following way: the actuator or regulator is kept open or the pressure reduction pump is continuously reduced until the new supply pressure is reached or undershot.

10. Method for closed-loop or open-loop control of the water pressure in a pressure zone according to claim 1, characterized in that after all water intake detections on the water intake stations (2, 2 a) have ceased and all fault detections have ceased, the water supply pressure is adjusted to a set value corresponding to the maximum allowable water supply pressure for all water intake stations in the pressure zone.

11. A computer system (5) comprising at least one data processing unit, at least one memory, at least one interface for connecting a detector or detectors which can detect water intake or a malfunction at a water intake station (7), and an interface for outputting a set value of the rotational speed to a pump drive (6), characterized in that the data processing unit is arranged in a programmed manner such that it can be operated according to the method of any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. A computer system (5) according to claim 11, characterized in that the computer system also comprises an interface to a pressure sensor and that the data processing unit is arranged in a programmed manner to be operable according to the method according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

13. Computer system (1) according to claim 11, characterised in that the computer system also comprises an interface for controlling an actuator, preferably a discharge valve, and that the data processing unit is arranged in a programmed manner such that it can be operated according to the method according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

14. A water pressure control system for closed-loop or open-loop control of the water pressure in a pressure zone, comprising a computer system (5) according to any one of claims 11, 12 or 13 and a detector for detecting water intake or a malfunction, respectively, at a water intake station, said detector being connected to the computer system (5) via an interface for connection of the detector or detectors, and comprising a pump (4) for supplying water to the water intake station (2, 2 a), said pump comprising a pump drive whose rotational speed can be set via an interface for outputting a rotational speed set-point (6), wherein the computer system (5) is connected to the pump drive via an interface for outputting the rotational speed set-point (6).

15. A water pressure control system for closed or open loop control of water pressure in a pressure zone as claimed in claim 14 wherein the control system also includes pressure sensors measuring the respective supply water pressures.

16. Use of a closed-loop or open-loop water pressure control system according to claim 14 for closed-loop or open-loop control of the water pressure of an industrial and/or potable water supply in a building (1).

17. Use of a closed or open loop water pressure control system according to claim 16, characterized in that the industrial water network of the high building (1) has only one single pressure zone.

18. Use of a closed-loop or open-loop water pressure control system according to claim 16, characterized in that the drinking water network of the tall building (1) has only one single pressure zone.

19. Use of a closed-loop or open-loop water pressure control system according to claim 14 for closed-loop or open-loop control of fire water supply water pressure in a building (1).

20. Use of a closed-loop or open-loop water pressure control system according to claim 19, characterized in that the fire water network of the high-rise building (1) has only one single pressure zone.

21. A pressure relief device for carrying out the method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the water supply line comprises at least one non-return valve (10) which is openable in the direction of the water flow directed upwards from the water pressure source to the water withdrawal point and is almost closed in the opposite direction, in that the valve has an opening which is arranged to allow water to pass under the influence of gravity in the direction opposite to the aforementioned flow direction, so that the area of the water supply line situated behind the non-return valve, viewed in the upward flow direction, is not subjected to a pressure exceeding the pressure caused by gravity when the non-return valve is closed.

22. A pressure relief device according to claim 21, characterized in that said water supply pipe is provided with a plurality of spaced-apart non-return valves (10).