HK1108645A - Personal care composition containing a cleansing phase and a benefit phase - Google Patents

Description

Personal care compositions comprising a cleansing phase and a benefit phase

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a personal care composition comprising a cleansing phase and an aqueous benefit phase. These products are intended to provide a multi-phase personal care composition that is packaged in direct contact while remaining stable and providing improved hair and skin benefits in and after use.

Background

Personal care compositions comprising a detersive surfactant and a cationic polymer to improve the deposition of conditioning oils which are capable of imparting conditioning or smoothness properties to the surface they treat are known in the art. In addition to compositions that provide conditioning benefits, compositions are known in the art that can provide other benefits, including coloring, styling, and various hair health benefits. However, the degree of additional benefit provided by these compositions does not meet consumer expectations. In addition, when a benefit agent is included in the cleansing product, the amount of lather generated is reduced.

One attempt at providing multiple benefits (conditioning, coloring, styling, hair health) from personal care products while maintaining cleansing and high lathering is a dual chamber package. These packages include separate cleansing compositions and benefit compositions and can be co-dispensed in one or two-stream fashion. The separate benefit and cleansing compositions remain in a physically separate and stable state during long term storage and immediately prior to application and then mix at or after dispensing to provide conditioning and cleansing benefits from a physically stable system. While the above-described dual-chamber delivery systems can provide improved consumer benefits compared to the use of conventional systems, it is often difficult to achieve consistency and uniformity because of the uneven dispensing ratio between the cleansing and benefit phases from these dual-chamber packages. In addition, these packaging systems add considerable cost to the finished product.

Thus, there remains a need for personal care compositions that can provide multiple benefits delivered by suitable cleaning products. There is also a need for personal care compositions comprising two or more phases that are in direct contact and maintain stability.

Summary of The Invention

It is an object of the present invention to provide multi-phase personal care compositions comprising at least one cleansing phase and at least one aqueous benefit phase, which phases are visually distinct phases, packaged and maintained in direct contact, and which compositions can provide improved hair benefit in and after use.

The present invention relates to a multi-phase personal care composition comprising at least one cleansing phase comprising at least one surfactant and at least one thickener and at least one aqueous benefit phase; the aqueous benefit phase comprises at least one thickener and at least one benefit agent selected from the group consisting of: styling polymers, silicones, cross-linked silicone elastomers, higher alkylene hydrocarbons and hair dyes/dyes; wherein the cleansing phase and the benefit phase are visually distinct phases, said phases being packaged in direct contact and maintaining stability.

Benefit agents may be used to provide benefits including, but not limited to: enhancing perfume delivery, conditioning, lathering, styling, volumizing, lightening, coloring, moisturizing, and enhancing hair health benefits.

Detailed Description

The multi-phase personal cleansing compositions of the present invention comprise a first phase comprising a lathering cleansing phase and at least one separate additional phase comprising a non-lathering structured aqueous phase. The non-lathering structured aqueous phase may be hydrophilic and in a preferred embodiment the non-lathering structured aqueous phase may be a hydrophilic gelled aqueous phase. These and other basic limitations of the compositions and methods of the invention, as well as many of the optional ingredients suitable for use herein, are described in detail below.

The essential components of the personal care composition are described below. Also included are non-exclusive descriptions of various optional and preferred components that may be used in embodiments of the present invention. While the specification concludes with claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the invention, it is believed that the present invention will be better understood from the following description.

All percentages, parts and ratios are based on the total weight of the composition of the present invention, unless otherwise specified. All weights as they pertain to listed ingredients are based on the active level and, therefore, do not include solvents or by-products that may be included in commercially available materials, unless otherwise specified. Herein, the term "weight percent" may be expressed as "wt.%".

All molecular weights used herein are weight average molecular weights expressed as grams/mole, unless otherwise indicated.

The term "visually distinct" as used herein means that the regions occupied by each phase are individually recognizable to the human eye when the distinct, separate regions are in contact with each other (i.e., they are not emulsions or particle dispersions smaller than about 100 microns).

The term "visually transparent" as used herein means that the composition has a transmission of greater than 60%, preferably greater than 80%. The transparency of the composition was determined using ultraviolet/visible (UV/VIS) spectrophotometry, which measures the absorption and transmission of UV/VIS light by sampling. Light wavelengths of 600nm have been shown to be sufficient to characterize the transparency of cosmetic compositions. Typically, it is best to follow specific instructions associated with the particular spectrophotometer being used. Typically, the process of determining percent transmittance begins with setting the spectrophotometer to 600 nm. Then, a calibration "blank" was run, and the readout was calibrated to 100% transmission. The test sample is then placed in a cuvette designed to fit the particular spectrophotometer and the percent transmission is measured spectrophotometrically at 600 nm.

The terms "multi-phased" and "multi-phase" as used herein mean that at least two phases occupy separate and distinct physical spaces in the package in which they are stored, but are in direct contact with each other (i.e., they are not separated by a barrier, and they are not emulsified). In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a "multi-phase" personal care composition comprising at least two phases is present in the container in a visually distinct pattern. The pattern results from mixing or homogenizing a "multiphase" composition. These patterns include, but are not limited to, the following examples: striped, marbled, linear, intermittent striped, checkered, variegated, veined, clustered, spotted, geometric, striped, ribbon, helical, swirl, arrayed, mottled, textured, grooved, ridged, corrugated, sinusoidal, spiral, convoluted, curved, annular, striated, linear, contoured, anisotropic, laced, woven or woven, basket, speckled, and checkered. The pattern is preferably selected from the group consisting of: striation, geometry, marbleizing, and combinations thereof. In a preferred embodiment, the striped pattern may be relatively uniform and consistent throughout the package. Alternatively, the striped pattern may be non-uniform, i.e., wavy, or may be non-uniform in layer. The striped pattern need not necessarily extend to all levels of the package. The phases may be of various colors or contain particles, glitter or pearlescence.

The term "charge density" as used herein refers to the ratio of the number of positive charges on the monomeric units making up the polymer to the molecular weight of said monomeric units. The charge density multiplied by the polymer molecular weight determines the number of positively charged sites on a given polymer chain.

The term "water-soluble" as used herein means that the components of the present composition are soluble in water. Typically, the component should be soluble at about 25 ℃ at a concentration of about 0.1%, preferably about 1%, more preferably about 5%, even more preferably about 15% by weight of the aqueous solvent.

As used herein, unless otherwise indicated, the term "anhydrous" refers to compositions or materials that contain less than about 10%, more preferably less than about 5%, even more preferably less than about 3%, and even more preferably 0% water by weight.

As used herein, unless otherwise indicated, the term "ambient conditions" means one (1) atmosphere, 50% relative humidity, and ambient conditions at 25 ℃.

As used herein, unless otherwise indicated, the term "stable" refers to compositions in which the visible pattern or arrangement of the phases in different locations in the package does not change significantly over time when placed in direct contact under ambient conditions for a period of at least about 180 days. Furthermore, it means that no separation, cream-like or precipitation occurs. By "separate" is meant that the perfect distribution of the visually distinct phases is disrupted such that a larger area of at least one phase is brought into aggregation until the equilibrium distribution ratio of two or more compositions relative to each other is disrupted.

As used herein, unless otherwise indicated, the term "personal care composition" refers to a composition of the present invention, wherein the composition is intended to include only those compositions that are topically applied to hair or skin, and particularly to exclude those compositions that are primarily directed to other applications (such as hard surface cleaning, fabric or laundry cleaning, and similar other applications) and are not primarily intended to be topically applied to hair or skin.

The personal care compositions and methods of the present invention can comprise, consist of, or consist essentially of the inventive essential ingredients and limitations described herein, as well as any of the additional or optional ingredients, components, or limitations described herein or otherwise useful in personal care compositions intended for topical application to hair or skin.

The present invention relates to a personal care composition comprising a cleansing phase and a benefit phase. These products are intended to provide a multi-phase personal care composition that is packaged in direct contact while remaining stable and providing improved hair and skin benefits in and after use. In the present invention, the cleansing phase, the benefit phase, or both the cleansing phase and the benefit phase can be visually clear. Alternatively, one phase is visually transparent and the other phase is opaque.

The compositions of the present invention preferably have a pH of from about 2 to about 8.5, more preferably from about 3 to about 7.5, even more preferably from about 3.5 to about 6.5. Preferably, the ratio of cleansing phase to benefit phase is from about 10: 1 to about 1: 10. Other ratios of cleansing phase to benefit phase are contemplated by the present invention.

The cleansing phase exhibits high viscosity, but it is highly shear thinning. The viscosity of the cleansing and benefit phases ranges from about 10pa.s (10,000 centipoise) to about 200,000pa.s (200,000,000 centipoise) at a stress measurement of about 1 to about 20 pascals, more preferably the viscosity of the cleansing and benefit phases ranges from about 100 to about 100,000pa.s (100,000 to about 100,000,000 centipoise) at a stress measurement of about 1 to about 20 pascals. The viscosity of the phases can be measured using a Haake RS 150RheoStress rheometer. The measurements were performed under controlled stress conditions of about 1 pascal to about 500 pascals. Measurements were made using a 60mm parallel plate with a plate gap size of about 0.75 mm. All measurements were made at about 25 ℃.

With appropriate composition, the cleansing phase may constitute lamellar or vesicular structures. Both lamellar and vesicular structures are considered liquid crystalline and birefringent. The birefringent material appears bright between crossed polarizers under an optical microscope.

A. Cleansing phase

The personal care compositions of the present invention comprise a cleansing phase comprising at least one surfactant and at least one thickener. The cleansing phase can also comprise any of the components listed in the benefit phase section herein, or any of the components listed in the optional ingredients section herein. Preferably, the cleansing phase is present at a level of from about 5% to about 95%, preferably from about 10% to about 90%, and more preferably from about 20% to about 80%, by weight of the composition.

1. Surface active agent

The cleansing phase of the present invention comprises at least one surfactant. Surfactants suitable for use herein include any known or otherwise effective cleansing surfactant suitable for application to hair or skin, and which are also compatible with the other essential ingredients in the cleansing phase of the composition. The cleansing phase in the composition comprises at least one cleansing phase comprising at least one surfactant selected from the group consisting of: anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, zwitterionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, cationic surfactants, soaps, and mixtures thereof. Suitable surfactants are described in "Emulsifiers and Detergents", 1989 and US 3,929,678, published by m.c. publishing co.

The cleansing phase in the personal care composition typically comprises a cleansing surfactant at a concentration in the range of from about 4% to about 50%, more preferably from about 9% to about 30%. The surfactant is present in the cleansing phase at a level of at least 4%, preferably at least about 9%, by weight of the composition. The preferred pH range for the cleansing phase is from about 5 to about 8, more preferably about 6.

Anionic surfactants suitable for use as cleansing surfactants in the cleansing phase of the compositions of the present invention include alkyl sulfates and alkyl ether sulfates. Each of these materials has the formula ROSO₃M and RO (C)₂H₄O)_xSO₃M structure wherein R is an alkyl or alkenyl group containing from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms, x is from about 1 to about 10, and M is water solubleAnd (b) a neutral cation such as ammonium ion, magnesium ion, sodium ion, potassium ion, or triethanolamine ion. Alkyl ether sulfates are typically prepared as condensation products of ethylene oxide with monohydric alcohols containing from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms. Preferably, R has from about 10 to about 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl and alkyl ether sulfates. The alcohol may be derived from fats (e.g., coconut oil or tallow) or may be synthetic. Lauryl alcohol and straight chain alcohols derived from coconut oil are preferred herein. The above alcohols may be reacted with from about 1 to about 10, preferably from about 2 to about 5, more preferably about 3, molar ratios of ethylene oxide, and the resulting mixture (which molecular species has, for example, an average of 3 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol) is treated with sulfuric acid and neutralized.

Specific examples of alkyl ether sulfates that can be used in the cleansing phase are sodium and ammonium cocoalkyl triethylene glycol ether sulfate, sodium and ammonium tallow alkyl triethylene glycol ether sulfate, and sodium and ammonium tallow alkyl hexaoxyethylene sulfate. Highly preferred alkyl ether sulfates are those comprising a mixture of individual compounds having an average alkyl chain length of from about 10 to about 16 carbon atoms and an average degree of ethoxylation of from about 1 to about 4 moles of ethylene oxide.

Other suitable anionic surfactants include those of the formula [ R¹-SO₃-M]Water soluble salts of organic sulfuric acid reaction products of (2), wherein R¹Selected from straight or branched chain saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon groups having from about 8 to about 24, preferably from about 10 to about 18, carbon atoms; and M is a cation. Suitable examples are salts of organic sulfuric acid reaction products of hydrocarbons of the methane series, including iso-, neo-, and normal paraffins having from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms, preferably from about 10 to about 18 carbon atoms, and sulfonating agents, such as SO obtained according to known sulfonation methods, including bleaching and hydrolysis₃、H₂SO₄. Preference is given to sulfonation of C_10-18Alkali metal and ammonium salts of n-paraffins.

Preferred anionic surfactants useful in the cleansing phase include: ammonium lauryl sulfate, ammonium polyoxyethylene lauryl ether sulfate, triethylamine lauryl sulfate, triethylamine polyoxyethylene lauryl ether sulfate, triethanolamine lauryl sulfate, triethanolamine polyoxyethylene lauryl ether sulfate, monoethanolamine lauryl sulfate, monoethanolamine polyoxyethylene lauryl ether sulfate, diethanolamine lauryl sulfate, diethanolamine polyoxyethylene lauryl ether sulfate, sodium laureth sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium polyoxyethylene lauryl ether sulfate, potassium polyoxyethylene lauryl ether sulfate, sodium lauryl sarcosinate, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, lauryl sarcosine, cocoyl sarcosine, ammonium cocoyl sulfate, ammonium lauroyl sulfate, sodium cocoyl sulfate, sodium lauroyl sulfate, potassium cocoyl sulfate, potassium lauryl sulfate, monoethanolamine cocoyl sulfate, sodium tridecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium lauryl sarcosyl sarcosinate, sodium lauryl sarcosinate, And combinations thereof.

For example, in some embodiments, anionic surfactants having branched alkyl chains, such as sodium trideceth sulfate, are preferred. In some embodiments, mixtures of anionic surfactants may be used.

Amphoteric surfactants suitable for use as the cleansing surfactant in the cleansing phase of the compositions of the present invention include those broadly described as derivatives of aliphatic secondary and tertiary amines in which the aliphatic radical can be straight or branched chain and wherein one of the aliphatic substituents contains from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms and one contains an anionic group, e.g., carboxy, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate, or phosphonate. Examples of compounds falling within this definition are sodium 3-dodecylaminopropionate, sodium 3-dodecylaminopropane sulfonate, sodium lauryl sarcosinate, N-alkyltaurines (such as those prepared by reacting dodecylamine with sodium isethionate, as set forth in U.S. Pat. No. 2,658,072), N-higher alkyl aspartates (such as those prepared according to the process set forth in U.S. Pat. No. 2,438,091), and the products described in U.S. Pat. No. 2,528,378.

Zwitterionic surfactants suitable for use as the cleansing surfactant in the cleansing phase include those broadly described as derivatives of aliphatic quaternary ammonium, phosphonium, and sulfonium compounds, in which the aliphatic radicals can be straight or branched chain, and wherein one of the aliphatic substituents contains from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms and one contains an anionic group, e.g., carboxy, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate, or phosphonate.

Cationic surfactants may also optionally be used in the cleansing phase, but preferably are present at less than about 5% by weight of the cleansing phase.

Nonionic surfactants useful in the compositions of the present invention are disclosed in the "Detergents and Emulsifiers" north american edition of McCutcheon, published by the allured publishing Corporation (1986); and McCutcheon's "Functional Materials" North American edition (1992).

Nonionic surfactants useful in the present invention include those selected from the group consisting of: alkyl glucosides, alkyl polyglucosides, polyhydroxy fatty acid amides, alkoxylated fatty acid esters, foamed sucrose esters, amine oxides, and mixtures thereof.

Non-limiting examples of preferred nonionic surfactants useful herein are selected from the following: c₈-C₁₄Glucamide, C₈-C₁₄Alkyl polyglucosides (decyl polyglucoside) (APG 325, Henkel); lauryl polyglucoside (APG 600CS, Henkel), sucrose cocoate, sucrose laurate, and mixtures thereof. In a preferred embodiment, the nonionic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of: glyceryl monohydroxystearate, steareth-2, hydroxystearic acid, propylene glycol stearate, PEG-2 stearate, sorbitan monostearate, glyceryl stearate, laureth-2, and mixtures thereof. In a preferred embodiment, the nonionic surfactant is steareth-2.

Nonionic lathering surfactants which may also be used in the present invention include lauryl amine oxide, coco amine oxide.

Other suitable nonionic surfactants are Surfadone LP-100 and Surfadone LP-300 available from International Specialty Products.

2. Thickening agent

The cleansing phase of the present invention comprises at least one thickening agent. Preferred thickeners are selected from the group consisting of: inorganic water thickeners, polymeric thickeners, additives that promote thickening by lamellar structuring of surfactants, organic crystalline thickeners, and mixtures thereof.

The thickening agent in the present invention may be hydrophilic. The thickener may be present in an amount less than about 20%, preferably less than about 10%, and even more preferably less than about 5%.

Non-limiting examples of inorganic water thickeners that may be used in the personal care composition include silica, clays such as synthetic silicates (Laponite XLG and Laponite xls available from Southern Clay), or mixtures thereof.

Non-limiting examples of polymeric thickeners that may be used in the personal care composition include acrylates/vinyl isodecanoate crosspolymer (Stabylene 30, available from 3V), acrylates/C10-30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymers (Pemulen TR1 and TR2), carbomer (Aqua SF-1), ammonium acryloyl dimethyltaurate/VP copolymer (Aristoflex AVC, available from Clariant), acrylyldimethylammonium taurate/beheneth-25 methacrylate crosspolymer (Aristoflex HMB, available from Clariant), acrylate/cetyl polyoxyethylene ether-20 itaconate copolymer (Structure 3001, available from National Starch), polyacrylamide (Sepigel 305, available from SEPPIC), nonionic thickener (Aculyn 46, available from Rohm and Haas), or mixtures thereof.

Other non-limiting examples of polymeric thickeners that may be used in the personal care composition include cellulosic gels, hydroxypropyl Starch phosphate (Structure XL, available from National Starch), polyvinyl alcohol, or mixtures thereof.

Further, non-limiting examples of polymeric thickeners that may be used in the personal care composition include synthetic gums and natural gums and thickeners such as xanthan gum (Ketrol CG-T, available from CP Kelco), dextran succinate (Rheozan, available from Rhodia), crystal gel, pectin, alginate, starch (including pre-gelatinized starch, modified starch, or mixtures thereof), acrylate/aminoacrylate/CD-30 alkyl PEG-20 itaconate copolymer (Structure Plus, available from national starch).

Non-limiting examples of additives that promote thickening by lamellar structuring of surfactants used in personal care compositions include fatty amides, fatty alcohols, fatty acids or ester derivatives thereof, electrolytes, and mixtures thereof. An example of a fatty acid which may be used is C₁₀-C₂₂Acids, such as the following: lauric acid, oleic acid, isostearic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, ricinoleic acid, elaidic acid, arachidonic acid, myristoleic acid, palmitoleic acid, and the like. The ester derivatives include propylene glycol isostearate, propylene glycol oleate, glyceryl isostearate, glyceryl oleate, polyglyceryl diisostearate, etc.

Non-limiting examples of organic crystalline thickeners that may be used in the personal care compositions include ethylene glycol esters of fatty acids preferably having from about 16 to about 22 carbon atoms. Other long chain acyl derivatives include long chain esters of long chain fatty acids (e.g., stearyl stearate, cetyl palmitate, etc.); long chain esters of long chain alkanolamides (e.g., stearyl diethanolamine distearate, stearyl monoethanolamine stearate); and glycerol esters (e.g., glycerol distearate, glycerol trihydroxystearate, behenyl), a commercially available example of which is Thixin R, available from Rheox, inc. Other suitable thickeners are alkyl (C16 to C22) dimethylamine oxides, such as stearyl dimethylamine oxide. Also useful herein are long chain acyl derivatives, long chain carboxylic acid glycol esters, long chain amine oxides, and long chain carboxylic acid alkanolamides.

B. Beneficial phase

The personal care compositions of the present invention comprise at least one benefit phase. The benefit phase comprises at least one thickener and at least one benefit agent selected from the group consisting of: styling polymers, silicones, cross-linked silicone elastomers, higher alkylene hydrocarbons and hair dyes/dyes. The benefit phase may further comprise a benefit agent selected from the group consisting of: anti-dandruff actives, humectants, water soluble nonionic polymers, cationic polymers, conditioning agents, and particulates.

Benefit agents can be used to provide benefits of enhanced perfume delivery, enhanced cleansing, hair coloring, hair styling, hair moisturization, hair health enhancement, hair shine enhancement, hair volumization, and the like. Preferably, the benefit phase is present in an amount of from about 20% to about 95%, preferably from about 5% to about 90%, more preferably from about 10% to about 80%, by weight of the composition.

1. Thickening agent

The benefit phase in the personal care composition may comprise a thickener. The thickeners useful in the benefit phase are the same as those described in the cleansing phase section. The thickeners may be of the same or different type and may be present in the two phases in the same or different amounts.

2. Benefit agent

The compositions of the present invention may comprise at least one benefit agent selected from the group consisting of: styling polymers, silicones, cross-linked silicone elastomers, higher alkylene hydrocarbons, and hair dyes/dyes. The benefit phase may further comprise a benefit agent selected from the group consisting of: anti-dandruff actives, humectants, water soluble nonionic polymers, cationic polymers, conditioning agents, and particulates.

a. Styling polymers

The compositions of the present invention may comprise a styling polymer. The compositions herein generally comprise from about 0.1% to about 15%, preferably from 0.5% to about 8%, more preferably from about 1% to about 8%, by weight of the composition, of a styling polymer. The use of higher or lower levels of polymer is not excluded as long as an effective amount thereof is used to provide adhesive or film-forming properties to the composition and the composition can be formulated and effectively used for its intended purpose.

These styling polymers provide hair styling performance to the compositions of the present invention by providing polymer deposition on the hair after application. As is known to those skilled in the art, the polymer deposited on the hair has viscosity and cohesive strength and is used to effect styling primarily by forming bonds between the hair fibers upon drying.

Many such polymers are known in the art, including water-soluble and water-insoluble organic polymers and water-insoluble silicone graft polymers, all of which are suitable for use in the compositions of the present invention, provided that they also have the requisite characteristics or properties described below. Such polymers may be prepared by conventional or other known polymerization techniques well known in the art, one example of which includes free radical polymerization.

The styling polymer should have a weight average molecular weight of at least about 20,000, preferably greater than about 25,000, more preferably greater than about 30,000, and most preferably greater than about 35,000. There is no upper limit on molecular weight other than those that limit the applicability of the invention for practical reasons such as processing, aesthetics, formulatability, etc. Generally, the weight average molecular weight will be less than about 10,000,000, more typically less than about 5,000,000, and typically less than about 2,000,000. Preferably, the weight average molecular weight will be between about 20,000 to about 2,000,000, more preferably between about 30,000 to about 1,000,000, and most preferably between about 40,000 to about 500,000.

Suitable silicone grafted polymers are also disclosed in European patent application 90307528.1, published as European patent application 0408311A 2 in 1991, month 1, day 11, U.S. Pat. No. 5,061,481, published in 1991, Suzuki et al, day 29, month 10, month 481, published in 1992, month 4, day 21, U.S. Pat. No. 5,106,609, published in 1992, month 3, day 31, U.S. Pat. No. 5,100,658, published in 1992, month 3, day 31, U.S. Pat. No. 5,100,657, published in 1992, month 3, day 14, U.S. Pat. No. 5,104,646, published in 1991, month 8, day 27, U.S. Ser. No. 07/758,319, published in Torgson et al, month 8, month 27, and U.S. Ser. No. 07/758,320, published in 1991, day 27.

Suitable cationic polymers include polyquaternium-4 (Celquat H-100; L200-supplier National Starch); polyquaternium-10 (Celquat SC-240C; SC-230M-supplier National Starch); (UCARE Polymer series-JR-125, JR-400, LR-400, LR-30M, LK, supplier Amerchol); polyquaternium-11 (Gafquat 734; 755N-supplier ISP); polyquaternium-16 (Luviquat FC 370; FC 550; FC 905; HM-552 supplier BASF); PVP/dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (copolymer 845; 937; 958-ISP supplier); vinylcaprolactam/PVP/dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer (Gaffix VC-713; H2 OLDEP-1-supplier ISP); chitosan (Kytamer L; Kytamer PC-supplier Amerchol); polyquaternium-7 (Merquat 550-supplier Calgon); polyquaternium-18 (Mirapol AZ-1 supplied by Rhone-Poulenc); polyquaternium-24 (Quatrisoft Polymer LM-200-supplier Amerchol); polyquaternium-28 (Gafquat HS-100-supplier ISP); polyquaternium-46 (Luviquat Hold-supplier BASF); and chitosan glycolate (Hydagen CMF; CMFP-supplier Henkel); hydroxyethyl cetyl diammonium phosphate (Luviquat Mono CP-supplier BASF); and guar hydroxypropyltriammonium chloride (Jaguar C series-13S, -14S, -17, 162, -2000, Hi-CARE 1000-supplier)-Poulenc)。

Suitable amphoteric polymers include octyl acrylate/butylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymers (Amphomer 28-4910, Amphomer LV-7128-4971, Lovocryl-4728-4947-National Starch), and methacryloyl ethyl betaine/methacrylate copolymers (Diadormer series, supplier Mitsubishi).

Partially zwitterionic polymers are also useful. They have a positive charge over a wide pH range but contain acidic groups that are negatively charged only at basic pH. The polymer is positively charged at lower pH and neutral (both negative and positive) at higher pH. The zwitterionic polymer may be selected from cellulose derivatives, wheat derivatives and chitin derivatives as known in the art. Non-limiting examples of zwitterionic polymers useful herein include polyquaternium-47 (Merquat 2001-supplier Calgon (zwitterionic copolymer of acrylic acid, methacrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium chloride, and methyl acrylate)); carboxybutylchitosan (Chitolam NB/101-sold by Pilot Chemical Company, manufactured by Lamberti); and dicarboxyethyl chitosan (N-I (3 ' -hydroxy-2 ', 3 ' -dicarboxy) ethyl ] - β -D- (1, 4) -glucosamine) (available from Amerchol, e.g., CHITOLAM NB/101).

Useful nonionic polymers include PVP or polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP K-15, K-30, K-60, K-90, K-120-supplier ISP) (Luviskol K series 12, 17, 30, 60, 80 and 90-supplier BASF); PVP/VA (PVP/VA series S-630; 735, 635, 535, 335, 235-supplier ISP) (Luviskol VA) PVP/DMAPA acrylate copolymer (StylezeCC-10-supplier ISP); PVP/VA/vinyl propionate copolymer (Luviskol VAP 343E, VAP 343I, VAP 343 PM-supplier BASF); hydroxyethyl cellulose (Cellosize HEC-supplier Amerchol); and hydroxypropyl guar resin (Jaguar HP series-8, -60, -105, -120-supplier)-Poulenc)。

A wide variety of natural, semi-natural and synthetic styling polymers are useful herein, see encyclopedia of polymers and thiechers, Cosmetic & Toiletries, Vol.117, No. 12, 12.2002, pp.67-120 for suitable styling polymers.

b. Siloxanes

The compositions of the present invention may comprise a silicone. The silicone is preferably an insoluble silicone conditioning agent. The silicone conditioning agent particles can comprise volatile silicones, non-volatile silicones, or combinations thereof. Preferred are non-volatile silicone conditioning agents. If volatile silicones are present, it will typically be incidental to their use as a solvent or carrier in the form of commercially available non-volatile silicone material ingredients such as silicone gums and resins. The silicone conditioning agent particles may comprise a silicone fluid conditioning agent and may also comprise other ingredients such as silicone resins to improve silicone fluid deposition efficacy or enhance hair shine.

The concentration of silicone conditioning agent is typically in the range of from about 0.01% to about 10%, preferably from about 0.1% to about 8%, more preferably from about 0.1% to about 5%, more preferably from about 0.2% to about 3%. Non-limiting examples of suitable silicone conditioning agents and optional silicone suspending agents are described in U.S. reissue patent 34,584, U.S. patent 5,104,646 and U.S. patent 5,106,609. Silicone conditioning agents useful in the compositions of the present invention preferably have a viscosity of from about 2E-5 to about 2m, as measured at 25 ℃²S (20 to about 2,000,000 centistokes ("cSt")), more preferably about 1E-3 to about 1.8m²S (1,000 to about 1,800,000cSt), even more preferably about 0.05 to about 1.5m²S (50,000 to about 1,500,000cSt), more preferably about 0.1 to about 1.5m²(ii) a viscosity of/s (100,000 to about 1,500,000 cSt).

The dispersed silicone conditioning agent particles typically have a number average particle size in the range of about 0.01 μm to about 50 μm. For small particles to be applied to hair, the number average particle size is typically in the range of from about 0.01 μm to about 4 μm, preferably from about 0.01 μm to about 2 μm, more preferably from about 0.01 μm to about 0.5 μm. For larger particles to be applied to hair, the number average particle size is typically in the range of from about 4 μm to about 50 μm, preferably from about 6 μm to about 30 μm, more preferably from about 9 μm to about 20 μm, more preferably from about 12 μm to about 18 μm.

Background information on silicones, including discussion of silicone fluids, gums and resins, and silicone preparation, can be found in Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Engineering, Vol.15, second edition, p.204-308, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. (1989).

Silicone fluids include silicone oils, which are flowable silicone materials. The silicone oil has a particle size of less than 1m measured at 25 deg.C²/s(1000,000cSt), preferably from about 5E-6 to about 1m²S (5cSt to about 1,000,000cSt), more preferably about 1E-4 to about 0.6m²(ii) a viscosity of/s (100cSt to about 600,000 cSt). Suitable silicone oils for use in the compositions of the present invention include polyalkyl siloxanes, polyaryl siloxanes, polyalkylaryl siloxanes, polyether siloxane copolymers, and mixtures thereof. Other insoluble, non-volatile silicone fluids having hair conditioning properties may also be used.

The silicone oil comprises a polyalkyl or polyaryl siloxane conforming to the structure of formula (III):

wherein R is an aliphatic, preferably alkyl or alkenyl, or aryl group, R is substituted or unsubstituted, and x is an integer from 1 to about 8,000. Suitable R groups for use in the compositions of the present invention include, but are not limited to: alkoxy, aryloxy, alkaryl, aralkyl, arylalkenyl, alkylamino, and ether-substituted, hydroxy-substituted, and halogen-substituted aliphatic and aryl groups. Suitable R groups also include cationic amines and quaternary ammonium groups.

Preferred alkyl and alkenyl substituents are C₁To C₅More preferably C₁To C₄More preferably C₁To C₂Alkyl and alkenyl groups of (a). Other aliphatic moieties containing alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl groups (e.g., alkoxy, alkaryl and alkylamino) may be straight or branched chain, and are preferably C₁To C₅More preferably C₁To C₄Even more preferably C₁To C₃More preferably C₁To C₂. As discussed above, the R substituent may also contain amino functionality (e.g., alkylamino), which may be primary, secondary or tertiary amines or quaternary ammonium. These include mono-, di-and trialkylamino and alkoxyamino groups, with the aliphatic moiety chain length preferably as described herein.

Cationic silicone fluids suitable for use in the compositions of the present invention include, but are not limited to, those conforming to the structure of formula (V):

(R₁)_aG_3-a-Si-(-OSiG₂)_n-(-OSiG_b(R₁)_2-b)_m-O-SiG_3-a(R₁)_a

wherein G is hydrogen, phenyl, hydroxy or C₁-C₈Alkyl of (a), preferably methyl; a is 0 or an integer having a value of 1 to 3, preferably 0; b is 0 or 1, preferably 1; n is a number from 0 to 1,999, preferably from 49 to 499; m is an integer from 1 to 2,000, preferably from 1 to 10; the sum of n and m is a number from 1 to 2,000, preferably from 50 to 500; r₁To conform to the general formula CqH_2qA monovalent group of L, wherein q is an integer having a value of 2 to 8, and L is selected from the group consisting of:

-N(R₂)CH₂-CH₂-N(R₂)₂

-N(R₂)₂

-N(R₂)₃A^-

-N(R₂)CH₂-CH₂-NR₂H₂A^-

wherein R is₂Is hydrogen, phenyl, benzyl or a saturated hydrocarbon radical, preferably about C₁To about C₂₀And A is alkyl of^-Is a halide ion.

Particularly preferred cationic siloxanes conforming to the structure of formula (V) are the polymers known as "trimethylsilylaminopolydimethylsiloxanes" which are represented in the following formula (VI):

other silicone cationic polymers useful in the compositions of the present invention are represented by the general formula (VII):

wherein R is³Is C₁To C₁₈A monovalent hydrocarbon group of (a), preferably an alkyl group or an alkenyl group such as a methyl group; r₄Is a hydrocarbon radical, preferably C₁To C₁₈Alkylene or C₁₀To C₁₈Alkyleneoxy, more preferably C₁To C₈An alkyleneoxy group; q^-Is a halide, preferably chloride; r is an average statistical value of 2 to 20, preferably 2 to 8; s is an average statistical value of 20 to 200, preferably 20 to 50. Such preferred polymers are known as UCARE SILICONE ALE 56^TMFrom Union Carbide.

Other silicone fluids suitable for use in the compositions of the present invention are insoluble silicone gums. These gums are polyorganosiloxane materials. The polyorganosiloxane material has a thickness of 1m or more, measured at 25 DEG C²Viscosity per s (1,000,000 cSt). Silicone gums are described in U.S. Pat. nos. 4,152,416; "Chemistry and Technology of Silicones" by Noll and Walter (New York: Academic Press, 1968); and "General Electric Silicone Rubber products data sheets" SE 30, SE 33, SE 54 and SE 76. Specific non-limiting examples of silicone gums that can be used in the compositions of the present invention include polydimethylsiloxane, (polydimethylsiloxane) (methylvinylsiloxane) copolymer, poly (dimethylsiloxane) (diphenylsiloxane) (methylvinylsiloxane) copolymer, and mixtures thereof.

Other non-volatile, insoluble silicone liquid conditioning agents suitable for use in the compositions of the present invention are those known as "high refractive index silicones" which have a refractive index of at least about 1.46, preferably at least about 1.48, more preferably at least about 1.52, more preferably at least about 1.55. The refractive index of the polysiloxane fluids is generally less than about 1.70, typically less than about 1.60. In this context, polysiloxane "liquid" includes oils as well as gums.

The high refractive index polysiloxane liquid includes those represented by the above general formula (III), and cyclic polysiloxanes such as those represented by the following chemical formula (VIII):

wherein R is as defined above and n is a number from about 3 to about 7, preferably from about 3 to about 5.

The high refractive index polysiloxane fluid comprises aryl groups comprising R substituents in an amount sufficient to increase the refractive index to a desired level, as described herein. In addition, R and n must be selected so that the material is non-volatile.

Substituents containing aryl groups include those containing five-and six-membered aromatic rings including alicyclic and heterocyclic rings and those containing fused five-or six-membered rings. The aryl ring itself may be substituted or unsubstituted.

Typically, the high refractive index polysiloxane fluids have a degree of substitution comprising aryl substituents of at least about 15%, preferably at least about 20%, more preferably at least about 25%, even more preferably at least about 35%, more preferably at least about 50%. Typically, the degree of aryl substitution is less than about 90%, more typically less than about 85%, and preferably from about 55% to about 80%.

Preferred high refractive index polysiloxane fluids have phenyl or phenyl derived substituents (more preferably phenyl) and alkyl substituents, preferably C₁-C₄Alkyl (more preferably methyl), hydroxy, or C₁-C₄Alkylamino (especially-R)¹NHR²NH2, wherein each R¹And R²Independently is C₁-C₃Alkyl, alkenyl and/or alkoxy) groups.

When high refractive index silicones are used in the compositions of the present invention, they are preferably used in solutions containing spreading agents such as silicone resins or surfactants to significantly reduce surface tension and enhance spreadability and thus shine (after drying) of hair treated with the composition.

Silicone fluids suitable for use in the compositions of the present invention are disclosed in U.S. patent No. 2,826,551, U.S. patent No. 3,964,500, U.S. patent No. 4,364,837, british patent No. 849,433, and "silicone compounds" (pettrace Systems, inc., 1984).

Silicone resins may be included in the silicone conditioning agents of the compositions of the present invention. These resins are highly crosslinked polymeric siloxane systems. Crosslinking is introduced during the manufacture of the silicone resin by blending trifunctional and tetrafunctional silanes with monofunctional or difunctional or both (monofunctional and difunctional) silanes.

In particular, the silicone materials and silicone resins may be conveniently identified according to a shorthand nomenclature system known to those skilled in the art as the "MDTQ" nomenclature. Under this system, the siloxane is described in terms of the various siloxane monomer units present that make up the siloxane. Briefly, the symbol M represents a functional unit (CH)₃)₃SiO_0.5(ii) a D represents a difunctional unit (CH)₃)₂SiO; t represents a trifunctional unit (CH)₃)SiO_1.5(ii) a Q represents a quaternary or tetrafunctional unit SiO₂. The base unit symbols (e.g., M ', D', T ', and Q') represent substituents other than methyl, and must be specifically defined at each occurrence.

Preferred silicone resins for use in the compositions of the present invention include, but are not limited to, MQ, MT, MTQ, MDT, and MDTQ resins. Methyl is a preferred siloxane substituent. A particularly preferred silicone resin is an MQ resin, wherein the ratio of M: Q is from about 0.5: 1.0 to about 1.5: 1.0, and the average molecular weight of the silicone resin is from about 1000 to about 10,000.

c. Crosslinked silicone elastomers

The personal care compositions of the present invention may comprise a crosslinked silicone elastomer. The crosslinked silicone elastomer is present in an amount of from about 0.01% to about 15%, preferably from about 0.1% to about 10%, even more preferably from about 0.01% to about 10%, by weight of the compositionTo more preferably from about 1% to about 5%. These benefit agents provide hair alignment and softness (emollient) benefits to the hair. The preferred composition is a dimethicone/vinyl dimethicone crosspolymer. The dimethicone/vinyl dimethicone crosspolymer is available from a variety of suppliers including Dow Corning (DC 9040 and DC9041), General Electric (SFE 839), Shin Etsu (KSG-15, 16, 18[ dimethicone/phenyl vinyl dimethicone crosspolymer)])、Grant Industries(Gransil^TMRaw materials series), and lauryl dimethicone/vinyl dimethicone crosspolymers are provided by Shin Etsu (e.g., KSG-31, KSG-32, KSG-41, KSG-42, KSG-43, and KSG-44). Crosslinked organopolysiloxane elastomers useful herein and methods for making them are further described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,970,252, U.S. Pat. No. 5,760,116, U.S. Pat. No. 5,654,362, and Japanese patent application JP 61-18708 assigned to Pola Kasei Kogyo KK. Silicone elastomers of the type described in U.S. patents 5,412,004, 5,837,793, and 5,811,487 may also be used herein. The elastomers of the present invention are preferably cured under anhydrous conditions or in an anhydrous environment.

d. High alkylene hydrocarbon

The present invention may comprise a high alkylene hydrocarbon material. These are branched alk (en) yl species with pendant groups of- -H, C_1-4Alk (en) yl or (- -H or C)_1-4Alk (en) yl) substituted saturated or unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbon and wherein at least 10% of the number of pendant groups are other than — H, more preferably from 25% to 75%, most preferably from 40% to 60%. The preferred alkyl side group is methyl.

Preferably, the weight average molecular weight of the higher alkylene hydrocarbon material is less than about 4200, preferably from about 180 to about 2500. For example, the low molecular weight higher alkylene materials described above are available from BP under the trade name Indopol, Soltex under the trade name Solanes, and Chevron under the trade name Oronite OLOA.

It is also advantageous to control the particle size of the high alk (en) yl hydrocarbon material to maintain suitable conditioning characteristics of the composition. By using a low molecular weight high alk (en) yl hydrocarbon material, the need for large amounts of expensive conditioning oils is significantly reduced, reducing the consumption associated with conventional styling shampoos.

Preferred high alk (en) yl hydrocarbon species are polymers of butylene, isoprene, terpene and styrene, and copolymers of any combination of these monomers, such as butyl rubber (polymethacrylene-co-isoprene), natural rubber (cis-1, 4-polyisoprene) and hydrocarbon resins, such as those provided in Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology (3 rd edition, volume 8, page 852-869) by Kirk and Ohmer, for example, aliphatic and aromatic petroleum resins, terpene resins, and the like. It is especially preferred to use polymers that are soluble in low molecular weight high alk (en) yl hydrocarbon materials or other solvents or carriers, if used.

Particularly preferred are higher alk (en) yl hydrocarbon materials having the formula:

wherein:

n is 0 to 3, preferably 1;

m is an integer such that the weight average molecular weight of the hydrocarbon is less than or equal to 4200.

R¹is-H or C_1-4An alkyl group; preferably methyl;

R²is C_1-4An alkyl group; preferably methyl;

R³is-H or C_1-4An alkyl group; preferably- -H or methyl

Particularly preferred are polybutene materials having the following formula:

wherein R is⁴Is composed of

These materials are available under the trade name Permethyl from Presperse Inc. The total content of high alk (en) yl hydrocarbons in the hair styling composition is preferably from about 0.01% to about 10%, more preferably from about 0.2% to about 5%, even more preferably from about 0.2% to about 2%, by weight of the composition.

e. Hair dye/dye

The compositions of the present invention may also contain hair dyes/dyes. Hair dyes/dyes useful herein include anthraquinone, azo, nitro, alkali, triarylmethane, or disperse dyes, or any combination thereof. A range of direct dyes, including basic dyes and neutral dyes, may also be used herein. Suitable dyes are described in us 5,281,240 and us 4,964,874.

f. Anti-dandruff active

The compositions of the present invention may also comprise an anti-dandruff agent. Non-limiting examples of suitable anti-dandruff particles include: pyrithione salts, pyrrole, selenium sulfide, galangin, particulate sulfur, and mixtures thereof. Preferred are pyrithione salts. The anti-dandruff particulate described above should be physically and chemically compatible with the essential components of the composition, and should not unduly impair product stability, aesthetics or performance.

The pyrithione salt anti-dandruff particulate, especially 1-hydroxy-2-pyrithione salts, is a highly preferred anti-dandruff agent particulate for use in the compositions of the present invention. The concentration of the pyrithione anti-dandruff particulate is typically in the range of from about 0.1% to about 4%, preferably from about 0.1% to about 3%, more preferably from about 0.3% to about 2%, by weight of the composition. Preferred pyrithione salts include those formed from heavy metals such as zinc, tin, cadmium, magnesium, and aluminum and zirconium, preferably zinc, more preferably the zinc salt of 1-hydroxy-2-pyrithione (referred to as "zinc pyrithione" or "ZPT"), more preferably 1-hydroxy-2-pyrithione salts in platelet form, wherein the particles have an average size of up to about 20 μ, preferably up to about 5 μ, more preferably up to about 2.5 μ. Salts formed with other cations, such as sodium, are also suitable. Pyrithione antidandruff agents are described, for example, in U.S. patent 2,809,971; us patent 3,236,733; us patent 3,753,196; us patent 3,761,418; us patent 4,345,080; us patent 4,323,683; us patent 4,379,753; and in us patent 4,470,982. It is envisaged that when ZPT is used as an anti-dandruff particulate in the compositions herein, the growth or regrowth of hair may be stimulated or regulated or both stimulated and regulated, or hair loss may be reduced or inhibited, or hair will appear thicker or fuller.

In addition to the anti-dandruff active selected from polyvalent metal salts of pyrithione, the present invention may further comprise one or more fungicidal or antimicrobial actives in addition to the metal pyrithione salt active. Suitable antimicrobial actives include coal tar, sulfur, maytansinoid ointment, castellani pigments, aluminum chloride, gentian violet, octopirox (octopirox ethanolamine), ciclopirox yethylanone, undecylenic acid and its metal salts, potassium permanganate, selenium sulfide, sodium thiosulfate, propylene glycol, bitter orange oil, urea preparations, griseofulvin, 8-hydroxyquinoline chloroidoquine, thiodiazole, thiocarbamates, haloprogin, polyalkenes, hydroxypyridinones, morpholines, benzylamines, allylamines (e.g., terbinafine), tea tree oil, clove leaf oil, coriander, rose benserberine, berberine, thyme red, cinnamon oil, cinnamaldehyde, citronellac acid, hinokitiol, ichthaumatin, Sensiva SC-50, eleestab HP-100, azelaic acid, lysozyme, iodopropynyl butylcarbamate (IPBC), isothiazolinones such as octyl isothiazolinone and azolones, And combinations thereof. Preferred antimicrobial agents include itraconazole, ketoconazole, selenium sulfide and coal tar.

Azole antimicrobials include imidazoles such as benzimidazole, benzothiazole, bifonazole, butoconazole nitrate, climbazole, clotrimazole, croconazole, eberconazole, econazole, Elubiol, fenticonazole, fluconazole, isoconazole, ketoconazole, lanoconazole, metronidazole, miconazole, nyconazole, omoconazole, oxiconazole nitrate, sertaconazole, sulconazole nitrate, tioconazole, thiazole, and triazoles such as terconazole and itraconazole, and combinations thereof. When present in the composition, the azole antimicrobial active is present in an amount of from about 0.01% to about 5%, preferably from about 0.1% to about 3%, and more preferably from about 0.3% to about 2%, by weight of the composition. Especially preferred herein is ketoconazole.

Selenium sulfide is a particulate anti-dandruff agent suitable for use in the antimicrobial compositions of the present invention at effective concentrations ranging from about 0.1% to about 4%, preferably from about 0.3% to about 2.5%, more preferably from about 0.5% to about 1.5%, by weight of the composition. Selenium sulphide is generally understood to be a compound containing one mole of selenium and two moles of sulphur, but it may also be a compound corresponding to the general formula Se_xS_yCyclic structure, wherein x + y is 8. The selenium sulphide typically has an average particle size, as measured by a forward laser light scattering device (e.g. a Malvern 3600 instrument), of less than 15 μm, preferably less than 10 μm. Selenium sulfide compounds are described, for example, in U.S. Pat. nos. 2,694,668; us patent 3,152,046; us patent 4,089,945; and in us patent 4,885,107.

Sulfur may also be used as a particulate antimicrobial/antidandruff agent in the antimicrobial compositions of the present invention. Effective concentrations of particulate sulfur are typically from about 1% to about 4%, preferably from about 2% to about 4%, by weight of the composition.

The present invention may also comprise one or more keratolytic agents such as salicylic acid.

Additional antimicrobial actives of the present invention may include Melaleuca extract (Melaleuca alternifolia) and charcoal. The present invention may also comprise a combination of antimicrobial actives. The combination may include octopirox and zinc 1-oxo-2-mercaptopyridine, pine tar and sulfur, salicylic acid and zinc 1-oxo-2-mercaptopyridine, octopirox and climbazole, and salicylic acid and octopirox, and mixtures thereof. The sulfur is typically from about 1% to about 4%, preferably from about 2% to about 4%.

g. Wetting agent

The compositions of the present invention may comprise a humectant. The wetting agent of the present invention is selected from the group consisting of: polyols, water-soluble alkoxylated nonionic polymers, and mixtures thereof. The humectant is preferably used in an amount of about 0.1% to about 20%, more preferably about 0.5% to about 5%.

Polyols useful in the present invention include glycerin, sorbitol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, hexylene glycol, ethoxylated glucose, 1, 2-hexanediol, hexanetriol, dipropylene glycol, erythritol, trehalose, diglycerin, xylitol, maltitol, maltose, glucose, fructose, sodium chondroitin sulfate, sodium hyaluronate, sodium adenosine phosphate, sodium lactate, pyrrolidone carbonate, glucosamine, cyclodextrin, and mixtures thereof.

Water-soluble alkoxylated nonionic polymers useful in the present invention include polyethylene glycols and polypropylene glycols having a molecular weight equal to about 1000, such as those having the CTFA designation PEG-200, PEG-400, PEG-600, PEG-1000, and mixtures thereof.

h. Water-soluble nonionic polymers

The compositions of the present invention may comprise from about 0.1% to about 10%, more preferably from about 0.2% to about 5%, and even more preferably from about 0.5% to about 3% by weight of a water-soluble nonionic polymer.

The polymers of the present invention are characterized by the general formula:

wherein R is selected from the group consisting of: H. methyl, and mixtures thereof. When R is H, these materials are polymers of ethylene oxide, also known as polyethylene oxide, polyoxyethylene and polyethylene glycol. When R is methyl, these materials are polymers of propylene oxide, also known as polypropylene oxides, polyoxypropylenes, and polypropylene glycols. When R is methyl, it is also understood that various positional isomers of the resulting polymer may be present. In the above structure, n has an average value of about 2,000 to about 14,000, preferably about 5,000 to about 9,000, more preferably about 6,000 to about 8,000.

The polyethylene glycol polymer useful herein is particularly preferably PEG-2M, wherein R is H and n has an average value of about 2,000(PEG 2-M is also known as Polyox WSR)^®N-10, available from Union carbide, also known as PEG-2,000); PEG-5M, wherein R is H and n has an average value of about 5,000(PEG 5-M is also known as Polyox WSR)^®N-35 and Polyox WSR^®N-80, both available from Union Carbide, also known as PEG-5,000 and Polyethylene glycol300,000); PEG-7M, wherein R is H and n has an average value of about 7,000(PEG 7-M is also known as Polyox WSR)^®N-750 from Union Carbide); PEG-9M, wherein R is H and n has an average value of about 9,000(PEG 9-M is also known as Polyox WSR)^®N-3333 from Union Carbide); PEG-14M, wherein R is H and n has an average value of about 14,000(PEG14-M also known as Polyox WSR)^®N-3000 from Union Carbide). Other useful polymers include polypropylene glycol and mixed polyethylene/polypropylene glycols.

i. Cationic polymers

The compositions of the present invention may comprise a cationic polymer. The concentration of the cationic polymer in the composition typically ranges from about 0.05% to about 3%, preferably from about 0.075% to about 2.0%, more preferably from about 0.1% to about 1.0%. Preferred cationic polymers will have a cationic charge density of at least about 0.7meq/g, preferably at least about 1.2meq/g, more preferably at least about 1.5meq/g, but also preferably less than about 7meq/g, more preferably less than about 5meq/g, at the pH at which the composition is intended to be used, which is typically in the range of from about pH3 to about pH9, preferably from about pH4 to about pH 8. The "cationic charge density" of a polymer herein refers to the ratio of the number of positive charges on the polymer to the molecular weight of the polymer. The average molecular weight of such suitable cationic polymers is generally between about 10,000 and 1 million, preferably between about 50,000 and about 5 million, more preferably between about 100,000 and about 3 million.

Suitable cationic polymers for use in the compositions of the present invention comprise cationic nitrogen-containing moieties such as quaternary ammonium or cationic protonated amino moieties. The cationic protonated amines can be primary, secondary, or tertiary amines (preferably secondary or tertiary), depending on the particular species of composition and the selected pH. Any anionic counterions can be used in conjunction with the cationic polymers so long as the polymers remain soluble in water, in the composition, or in a coacervate phase of the composition, and so long as the counterions are physically and chemically compatible with the essential components of the composition or otherwise do not unduly impair product performance, stability or aesthetics. Non-limiting examples of such counterions include halide ions (e.g., chloride, fluoride, bromide, iodide), sulfate, and methylsulfate.

Non-limiting examples of such polymers are described in Estrin, Crosley, and CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary, third edition, by Haynes, (The Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association, Inc., Washington, D.C. (1982)).

Non-limiting examples of suitable cationic polymers include copolymers of vinyl monomers having cationic protonated amine or quaternary ammonium functionality with water soluble spacer monomers such as acrylamide, methacrylamide, alkyl and dialkyl acrylamides, alkyl and dialkyl methacrylamides, alkyl acrylates, alkyl methacrylates, vinyl caprolactone or vinyl pyrrolidone.

Suitable cationic protonated amino and quaternary ammonium monomers for inclusion in the cationic polymers of the compositions herein include vinyl compounds substituted with dialkylaminoalkyl acrylate, dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylate, monoalkylaminoalkyl acrylate, monoalkylaminoalkyl methacrylate, trialkyl methacryloxyalkyl ammonium salt, trialkyl acryloxyalkyl ammonium salt, diallyl quaternary ammonium salts, and vinyl quaternary ammonium monomers having cationic nitrogen-containing rings such as pyridinium, imidazolium, and quaternized pyrrolidone, for example, alkyl vinyl imidazolium, alkyl vinyl pyridinium, alkyl vinyl pyrrolidone salts.

Other suitable cationic polymers for use in the composition include: copolymers of 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and 1-vinyl-3-methylimidazolium (e.g., hydrochloride salt) (known in the art by the cosmetics, toiletries and fragrance society, "CTFA", as polyquaternium-16); copolymers of 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (known in the art as polyquaternium-11 by CTFA); cationic diallyl quaternary ammonium-containing polymers, including, for example, dimethyldiallylammonium chloride homopolymer and copolymers of acrylamide and dimethyldiallylammonium chloride (referred to in the art as polyquaternium 6 and polyquaternium 7, respectively, within CTFA); amphoteric copolymers of acrylic acid, including copolymers of acrylic acid with dimethyldiallylammonium chloride (known in the art as polyquaternium 22 in CTFA); terpolymers of acrylic acid with dimethyldiallylammonium chloride and acrylamide (known in the art as polyquaternium 39) and terpolymers of acrylic acid with methacrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium chloride and methacrylate (known in the art as polyquaternium 47). Preferred cationically substituted monomers are cationically substituted dialkylaminoalkyl acrylamides, dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylamides, and combinations thereof. These preferred monomers correspond to the formula

Wherein R is¹Is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl; each R²、R³And R⁴Hydrogen or a short chain alkyl group having from about 1 to about 8 carbon atoms, preferably from about 1 to about 5 carbon atoms, more preferably from about 1 to about 2 carbon atoms; n is an integer of from about 1 to about 8, preferably from about 1 to about 4; and X is a counterion. Is connected to R²、R³And R⁴The nitrogen above may be a protonated amine (primary, secondary or tertiary), but is preferably a quaternary amine, wherein each R is²、R³And R⁴Is an alkyl group, a non-limiting example of which is polyisobutylene amido propyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, available under the trade name Polycare 133 from Rhone-Poulenc, Cranberry, n.j., u.s.a.

Other suitable cationic polymers for use in the composition include polysaccharide polymers, such as cationic cellulose derivatives and cationic starch derivatives. Suitable cationic polysaccharide polymers include those that conform to the following formula

Wherein A is an anhydroglucose residue, such as a starch or cellulose anhydroglucose residue; r is an alkylene oxide, polyoxyalkylene, or hydroxyalkylene group or combination thereof; r1, R2, and R3 are independently alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, or alkoxyaryl groups, each group containing up to about 18 carbon atoms, and the total number of carbon atoms per cationic moiety (i.e., the sum of the carbon atoms in R1, R2, and R3) is preferably about 20 or less; and X is an anionic counterion as described above.

Preferred cationic cellulose polymers are salts of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with trimethylammonium salt substituted epoxides, see the art (CTFA) polyquaternium 10, and polymers available from Amerchol Corp. (Edison, n.j., USA) in the polymer lr, JR and KG series. Other suitable types of cationic cellulose include polyquaterniums produced by reacting hydroxyethyl cellulose with lauryl dimethyl ammonium-substituted epoxides, known in the industry (CTFA) as polyquaternium 24. These materials are available from Amerchol Corp. These materials are available from Amerchol Corp under the trade name Polymer LM-200.

Other suitable cationic polymers include cationic guar gum derivatives such as guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride, specific examples of which include the Jaguar series commercially available from Rhone-Poulenc Incorporated and the N-Hance series commercially available from Aqualon Division of Hercules, Inc. Other suitable cationic polymers include quaternary nitrogen-containing cellulose ethers, some examples of which are described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,962,418. Other suitable cationic polymers include copolymers of etherified cellulose, guar and starch, some examples of which are described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,958,581. When used, the cationic polymers herein are soluble in the composition or in a complex coacervate phase in the composition, which coacervate phase is formed from the cationic polymers described herein above with anionic detersive surfactant, amphoteric detersive surfactant and/or zwitterionic detersive surfactant components. Complex coacervates of the cationic polymer can also form with other charged species in the composition.

Techniques for analyzing complex coacervate formation processes are known in the art. For example, microscopic analysis of the composition can be used at any selected dilution stage to determine whether a coacervate phase has formed. This coacervate phase will be identified as an additional emulsified phase in the composition. The use of dyes can help to distinguish the coacervate phase from other insoluble phases dispersed in the composition.

j. Conditioning agent

Conditioning agents include any material useful for providing a particular conditioning benefit to hair and/or skin. Conditioning agents suitable for use in the compositions include the aforementioned silicones and higher alkylene hydrocarbons, as well as organic conditioning oils (such as hydrocarbon oils, polyolefins, and fatty esters), or combinations thereof.

The conditioning component of the compositions of the present invention may also comprise from about 0.05% to about 3%, preferably from about 0.08% to about 1.5%, more preferably from about 0.1% to about 1%, of at least one organic conditioning oil as a conditioning agent, which may be used alone or in combination with other conditioning agents such as silicones (described herein).

Organic conditioning oils suitable for use as the conditioning agent in the compositions of the present invention include, but are not limited to, hydrocarbon oils having at least about 10 carbon atoms, such as cyclic hydrocarbons, straight chain aliphatic hydrocarbons (saturated or unsaturated), and branched chain aliphatic hydrocarbons (saturated or unsaturated), including polymers, and mixtures thereof. The linear hydrocarbon oil is preferably about C₁₂To about C₁₉. Branched hydrocarbon oils, including hydrocarbon polymers, typically will contain more than 19 carbon atoms.

The organic conditioning oils useful in the compositions of the present invention may also comprise liquid polyolefins, more preferably liquid poly-alpha-olefins, more preferably hydrogenated liquid poly-alpha-olefins. Polyolefin for use herein by C₄To about C₁₄Olefin monomer, preferably about C₆To about C₁₂By polymerization.

Other organic conditioning oils suitable for use as conditioning agents in the compositions of the present invention include, but are not limited to, fatty esters having at least 10 carbon atoms. These aliphatic esters include esters having hydrocarbyl chains derived from fatty acids or alcohols (e.g., monoesters, polyol esters, and di-and tricarboxylic esters). The hydrocarbyl group of the aliphatic esters herein may include or have covalently bonded thereto other compatible functional groups such as amides and alkoxy moieties (e.g., ethoxy or ether linkages, etc.).

Also suitable for use in the compositions herein are the conditioning agents described by Procter & Gamble in U.S. patents 5,674,478 and 5,750,122. Also suitable for use herein are those conditioning agents described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,529,586(Clairol), 4,507,280(Clairol), 4,663,158(Clairol), 4,197,865(L 'Oreal), 4,217,914 (L' Oreal), 4,381,919(L 'Oreal), and 4,422,853 (L' Oreal).

k. Granules

The personal care compositions of the present invention may comprise particles. Water-insoluble solid particles of various shapes and densities are useful. The particles of the present invention have a particle size (volume average based on particle size measurements described below) of less than about 100 μm, preferably less than about 60 μm, and more preferably less than about 30 μm.

The particles that may be present in the present invention may be natural, synthetic or semi-synthetic. In addition, mixed particles may also be present. The synthetic particles may be made from crosslinked polymers or non-crosslinked polymers. The particles in the present invention may have a surface charge or their surface may be modified with organic or inorganic materials such as surfactants, polymers and inorganic materials. A particulate composite may be present.

Non-limiting examples of synthetic particles include nylon, silicone resins, poly (meth) acrylates, polyethylene, polyesters, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyurethanes, polyamides, epoxy resins, urea-formaldehyde resins, and acrylic powders. Non-limiting examples of useful particles are Microease 110S, 114S, 116 (micronized synthetic wax), Micropoly 210, 250S (micronized polyethylene), Microslide (micronized polytetrafluoroethylene) and Microsilk (combination of polyethylene and polytetrafluoroethylene), all of which are available from Micro Powder, Inc. Other examples include Luna (smooth silica particles) particles available from Phenomenex, MP-2200 (polymethyl methacrylate), EA-209 (ethylene/acrylate copolymer), SP-501 (Nylon-12), ES-830 (polymethyl methacrylate), BPD-800 available from Koboproducts, Inc., BPD-500 (polyurethane) particles, and silicone resins available from GE Silicones under the trade name Tospearl particles. Ganzpearl GS-0605 crosslinked polystyrene (available from Presperse) is also useful.

Non-limiting examples of mixed particles include Ganzpearl GSC-30SR (sericite and cross-linked polystyrene mixed powder) and SM-1000, SM-200 (mica and silica mixed powder, available from Presperse).

The interference pigments of the present invention are platelet-shaped particles. The lamellar particles in the multi-phase personal care composition preferably have a thickness of no more than about 5 μm, more preferably no more than about 2 μm, and still more preferably no more than about 1 μm. The lamellar particles in the multi-phase personal care composition preferably have a thickness of at least about 0.02 μm, more preferably at least about 0.05 μm, even more preferably at least about 0.1 μm, and still more preferably at least about 0.2 μm.

The interference pigments of the multi-phase personal care composition comprise a multilayer structure. The center of the particle is a flat matrix with a Refractive Index (RI) typically below 1.8. A variety of particulate substrates may be used herein. Non-limiting examples are natural mica, synthetic mica, graphite, talc, kaolin, aluminum oxide flakes, bismuth oxychloride, silica flakes, glass flakes, ceramics, titanium dioxide, CaSO₄、CaCO₃、BaSO₄Borosilicate, and mixtures thereof, preferably mica, silica, and aluminum oxide flakes.

A film or a plurality of films may be coated on the surface of the above substrate. The film is made of a high refractive material. The refractive index of these materials is typically above 1.8.

A wide variety of films are useful herein. A non-limiting example is TiO₂、Fe₂O₃、SnO₂、Cr₂O₃、ZnO、ZnS、ZnO、SnO、ZrO₂、CaF₂、Al₂O₃BiOCl, and mixtures thereof, or in the form of a separate layer, preferably TiO₂、Fe₂O₃、Cr₂O₃、SnO₂. For multilayer structures, the film may be composed of all high refractive index materials, or alternatively composed of films having high and low RI materials with a high RI film as the top layer.

Non-limiting examples of interference pigments useful herein include those under the trade name PRESTIGE^®、FLONAC^®Those provided by perspersperse, inc; under the trade name TIMIRON^®、COLORONA^®、DICHRONA^®And XIRONA^®Those provided by EMD Chemicals, inc; and FLAMENCO by the trade name^®、TIMICA^®、DUOCHROME^®Those provided by Engelhard co.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the surface of the interference pigment is hydrophobic or has been hydrophobically modified. The contact angle of interference pigments was measured using the particle contact angle test described in co-pending application serial No. 60/469,075 filed on 8/5/2003. The larger the contact angle, the more hydrophobic the interference pigment. The interference pigments of the present invention have a contact angle of at least 60 degrees, more preferably greater than 80 degrees, even more preferably greater than 100 degrees, and still more preferably greater than 100 degrees.

Non-limiting examples of hydrophobic surface treatments useful herein include silicones, acrylate silicone copolymers, acrylate polymers, alkylsilanes, titanium isopropyl triisostearate, sodium stearate, magnesium myristate, perfluoroalcophosphate, perfluoropolymethylisopropyl ether, lecithin, carnauba wax, polyethylene, chitosan, lauroyl lysine, vegetable lipid extracts, and mixtures thereof, with silicones, silanes, and stearates being preferred. Surface treatment mechanisms include USCosmetics, KOBO Products Inc. and Cardre Inc.

3. Other ingredients

The benefit phase may optionally comprise any of the components listed in the cleansing phase section herein, or any of the components listed in the optional ingredients section herein. When the benefit phase comprises a surfactant as described herein, the surfactant is selected from the group consisting of: anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, zwitterionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, and mixtures thereof. The surfactant may optionally be selected from the group consisting of: nonionic surfactants, zwitterionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, and mixtures thereof. The surfactant is present at a level of from about 1% to about 50%, more preferably from about 4% to about 30%, even more preferably from about 5% to about 25%, by weight of the benefit phase. The surfactant is present in the benefit phase at a level of at least 8% by weight of the composition.

C. Aqueous carrier

The composition of the present invention mayComprising an aqueous carrier. The aqueous carrier may be present in the cleansing phase, the benefit phase, or both the cleansing phase and the benefit phase. They preferably comprise from about 50% to about 99.8% by weight of water. The aqueous carrier may optionally include a liquid, water-miscible or water-soluble solvent such as a lower alkyl alcohol, e.g., C₁-C₅Alkyl monoalcohols, preferably C₂-C₃An alkyl alcohol.

D. Optional ingredients

The compositions herein may contain a variety of other optional components suitable to make the compositions more cosmetically or aesthetically acceptable or to provide additional use benefits. Optional ingredients may be present in the cleansing phase or the benefit phase. These conventional optional ingredients are well known to those skilled in the art.

A variety of additional ingredients may be formulated in the compositions of the present invention. These components include: other conditioning agents; viscosity modifiers such as alkanolamides and methanolamides of long chain fatty acids, such as cocomonoethanolamide; a crystal suspending agent; pearlescent aids such as ethylene glycol distearate; preservatives, such as benzyl alcohol, methyl paraben, propyl paraben and imidazolidinyl urea; polyvinyl alcohol; ethanol; pH adjusters such as citric acid, sodium citrate, succinic acid, phosphoric acid, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate; salts, typically such as potassium acetate and sodium chloride; colorants such as any FD & C or D & C dyes; hair oxidizing (bleaching) agents such as hydrogen peroxide, perborates and persulfates; hair reducing agents, such as thioglycolates; a fragrance; sequestering agents, such as disodium edetate; and polymeric plasticizers such as glycerin, diisobutyl adipate, butyl stearate, and propylene glycol. Other non-limiting examples of these optional ingredients include: vitamins and their derivatives (such as ascorbic acid, vitamin E, tocopherol acetate, and the like), sunscreens, thickeners (such as polyol alkoxylates, available from Croda under the trade name crotix), preservatives for maintaining the antimicrobial integrity of cleansing compositions, anti-acne agents (resorcinol, salicylic acid, and the like), antioxidants, skin soothing and healing agents (such as aloe vera extract, allantoin, and the like), chelating and sequestering agents, and agents suitable for aesthetic purposes (such as fragrances, essential oils, skin sensates, pigments, pearlescers (such as mica and titanium dioxide), lakes, colorants, and the like (such as clove oil, menthol, camphor, eucalyptus oil, and eugenol)).

Other optional hair and skin benefit ingredients include carboxylic acids hydroxylated at the alpha position (this compound is also known as an alpha- (alpha) hydroxy acid) or derivatives thereof. An acid derivative as defined herein is a salt thereof (e.g., with an organic base or alkali metal) or a lactide (e.g., obtained by self-esterification of an alpha-hydroxy acid molecule). Examples of such compounds are citric acid, lactic acid, methyl lactic acid, phenyl lactic acid, malic acid, mandelic acid, glycolic acid, benzoic acid and 2-hydroxyoctanoic acid.

Other hair and skin benefit agents include ceramides or ceramide glucoside. Ceramides are described in "arch. dermaltol" Vol.123, pages 1381 to 1384 (1987), or in French patent FR-2,673,179; fatty acid polyesters such as sucrose pentalaurate, sucrose tetraoleate, sucrose pentaerucate, sucrose tetraerucate, sucrose pentataurate, sucrose trioleate, sucrose tetraoleate, sucrose pentaoleate, sucrose tristearate and sucrose pentastearate, and mixtures thereof; polypeptides and amino acids consisting of basic amino acids, in particular arginine.

The composition optionally comprises a colorant or pigment. Preferably, the colorant comprises a metal ion. The colorant preferably contains no barium and aluminum ions in view of improving the stability of the lamellar phase. The colorant preferably maintains ultraviolet stability.

Colorants useful in the composition are selected from the group consisting of: organic pigments, inorganic pigments, interference pigments, lakes, natural colorants, pearlescent agents, dyes (including, for example, water soluble dyes, insoluble dyes, oil soluble dyes), carmine, and mixtures thereof. Non-limiting examples of colorants include: d & C Red 30 talc lake, D & C Red 7 calcium lake, D & C Red 34 calcium lake, mica/titanium dioxide/annatto pigment (Cloisonone Red from Engelhard, Duocrome RB from Engelhard, Magenta from Rona, Dichrona RB from Rona), Red 30 Low iron, D & C Red lake blend of lake 27 and lake 30, D & C yellow 5 lake, Kowet titanium dioxide, yellow iron oxide, D & C Red 30 lake, D & C Red 28 lake, Cos iron oxide BC, Cos iron oxide Red BC, Cos iron oxide Black BC, Cos iron oxide yellow, Cos iron oxide Brown, Cos iron oxide yellow BC, Euroxide Red Unsteril, Euroxide Black orange No. 4, Euroxide Red 6, Euroxide Red orange No. 4, Euroxide yellow 6, Euroxide Red 6, and hydrophobic colorant mixtures of these.

Density matching

In order to further improve the stability under stress conditions (such as high temperature and vibration), it is preferable to adjust the densities of the respective phases so that they are substantially equal. This is called density matching. To achieve density matching, low density microspheres may be added to the denser phase of the composition. The low density microspheres used to reduce the overall density of the cleansing phase are particles having a density of less than about 0.7g/cm³Preferably less than about 0.2g/cm³More preferably less than about 0.1g/cm³And even more preferably less than about 0.05g/cm³. The low density microspheres are generally less than about 200 μm in diameter, preferably less than about 100 μm, and even more preferably less than about 40 μm. Preferably, the density difference between the cleansing phase and the benefit phase is less than about 0.30g/cm³Preferably less than about 0.15g/cm³More preferably, the density difference is less than about 0.10g/cm³And even more preferably have a density differential of less than about 0.05g/cm³And even more preferably a density of less than about 0.01g/cm³。

The microspheres are made of any suitable inorganic or organic material that is compatible for use on the skin, i.e., non-irritating and non-toxic.

Expanded microspheres made of thermoplastic material are known and can be obtained according to the processes described, for example, in patent and patent applications EP-56219, EP-348372, EP-486080, EP-320473, EP-112807 and U.S. Pat. No. 3,615,972.

The internal cavity of the expanded hollow microspheres contains a gas, which may be a hydrocarbon such as isobutane or isopentane, or alternatively air. Among the hollow microspheres which may be used, particular mention should be made of the one sold under the trademark EXPANCEL^®(thermoplastic expandable microspheres) are commercially available from Akzo Nobel Company, especially those of DE (dry state) or WE (hydrated state) grade. Examples include: expancel^®091DE 40 d30、Expancel^®091 DE 80 d30、Expancel^®051 DE 40 d60、Expancel^®091 WE 40 d24、Expancel^®053 DE 40 d20。

Representative microspheres derived from inorganic materials include, for example, "Qcel^®Hollow microspheres "and" EXTENDSOSHERES^TMCeramic hollow spheres ", both available from PQ Corporation. Examples are: qcel^®300、Qcel^®6019、Qcel^®6042S。

Just as the addition of low density microspheres to the denser phase of the present invention improves vibrational stability, a high density material can be added to the less dense phase to increase its density, with the same effect on stability.

The density of each phase was measured with a densitometer. In g/cm³The density is calculated in bit units. When matching densities, the densities of the two phases need not be substantially different and should preferably be within +/-15%, more preferably within +/-10%, even more preferably within +/-5%.

Application method

The personal care compositions of the present invention are used in a conventional manner to provide cleansing and other benefits. These methods of use depend on the type of composition used, but generally involve applying an effective amount of the product to the hair or skin, which can then be rinsed off the hair or skin (in the case of hair rinses) or left on the hair or skin (in the case of gels, creams and creams). By "effective amount" is meant an amount sufficient to provide a dry combing benefit. Typically about 1g to about 50g is applied to the hair, skin or scalp. Typically, the composition is distributed throughout the hair or skin by rubbing or massaging the hair, scalp or skin. Preferably, the composition is applied to wet or damp hair before the hair is dried. The composition may optionally be applied using a matrix. After applying such a composition to the hair, the hair is dried and styled according to the user's preference. Alternatively, the composition is applied to dry hair, which is then combed and styled according to the user's preferences. The personal care composition can be used to deliver conditioning benefits to hair or skin, and/or hair styling benefits to hair or skin, and/or hair coloring benefits to hair or skin by topically applying an effective amount of the composition to hair or skin, and then rinsing the hair or skin with water. For some applications, the rinsing step is optional.

Preparation method

The personal care compositions of the present invention may be prepared by any known or otherwise effective technique suitable for preparing and formulating the desired product form. It is particularly effective to combine toothpaste tube filling technology with a rotary table design. Specific non-limiting examples of the above-described methods as applied to specific embodiments of the present invention are described in the following examples.

Non-limiting examples

The compositions illustrated in the following examples illustrate specific embodiments of the compositions of the present invention, but are not intended to be limiting thereof. Other variations may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The cleansing phase and the benefit phase are prepared separately.

The compositions illustrated in the following examples are prepared by conventional formulation and mixing methods, one example of which is described above. Unless otherwise indicated, all exemplary amounts are listed as weight percentages, with the exception of minor ingredients such as diluents, preservatives, colored solutions, imaginary or hypothetical ingredients, botanical drugs, and the like.

Examples 1 to 3

Cleansing phase composition	Example 1	Example 2	Example 3
				Sodium laureth-3 sulfate (AES, 28%) (Procter)&Gamble Chemicals)	14.3	17.8	14.3
Sodium lauryl sulfate (ALS, 29%) (Procter)&Gamble Chemicals)	40.9	51	40.9
				Cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB, 30%) (Goldschmidt Chemical)	5.3	42	13.3

Coconut monoethanolamide (CMEA, Mona industries)	2.0	3	2.0
				C10-C16 alkyldimethylamine oxide (32%) (AO, Procter)&Gamble Chemicals)	7.5	-	-
Guar hydroxypropyl trimonium chloride (N-Hance 3196, from Aqualon)	0.5	-	-
				Cetyl alcohol		0.5	-
Carbopol Aqua SF-1(Noveon)	-	3.3	-
				Polyquaternary ammonium 10(UCARE polymer JR-30M, available from Amerchol)	-	0.45	-
Polymethacrylamidopropyltrimonium chloride (Polycare 133 available from Rhodia)	0.5	-	-
				Polydimethylsiloxane (Viscasil 330M, available from General Electric)	4.2	-	-
Lithium magnesium silicate (Laponite XLS, available from southern Clay)	-	-	0.5
				Ethylene Glycol Distearate (EGDS)	1.5	1.5	1.5
DMDM hydantoin (Lonza) (55%)	0.67	0.6	-
				D&C Red No. 30 talc lake	0.05	0.05	-
Citric acid (Hoffman-Laroche)	1.25	-	0.5
				Ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid disodium (Dissolvine NA-2S, Akzo Nobel)	0.05	0.05	0.04
Perfume	0.25	0.3	0.2
				Water (W)	Proper amount of	Proper amount of	Proper amount of
Benefit phase composition
				Cocamidopropyl betaine (30%) (Goldschmidt Chemical)	15	10	12
C10-C16 Alkyldimethylamine oxide (32%) (Procter)&Gamble Chemicals)	-	2	2

Coconut oil monoethanolamide (Mona Industries)	2.0	-	2.0
				Cross-linked acrylic acid-vinyl ester copolymer (Satbylen 30, from 3V)	1.0	-	-
Carbopol Aqua SF-1(30％)(Noveon)	-	3.3	3.3
				Xanthan gum (Keltrol CGT, from Kelco)	1.1	0.75	-
DMDM hydantoin (Lonza) (55%)	0.67	0.6	-
				Sodium chloride (Morton)	3.0	-	-
Polydimethylsiloxane (Viscasil 330M, available from General Electric)	-	-	3.3
				Basic Brown dye 17/Cl 12251(ArianorSienna Brown)	-	0.4	-
Perfume	0.2	0.2	0.15
				Triethanolamine (Dow Chemical)	1.0	Appropriate amount to pH6.5	Appropriate amount to pH6.5
Mica	-	-	0.1
				Water (W)	Proper amount of	Proper amount of	Proper amount of
Cleansing phase/benefit phase ratio	40/60	40/60	70/30

Cleansing phase composition:

in a suitable vessel, distilled water is added and stirred at a suitable rate (100 to 200ppm) using a suitably sized stirring blade. If desired, an anionic polymer (carbopol aqua SF-1) or a cationic polymer (N-Hance 3196, polyquaternium-10, Polycare 133) was added and stirred briefly and slowly to wet and disperse the polymer. While stirring was continued, a citric acid solution (50%) was added dropwise to the mixing vessel to lower the pH, if necessary, until the solution became clear. To the mixture was added the surfactants (AS, AES, CAPB and AO). While stirring, the mixture was heated to 60 ℃, and CMEA, EGDS and cetyl alcohol were added to the mixture. Mixing until uniform. While stirring, the solution was allowed to cool to room temperature and polydimethylsiloxane, ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, Mackstat DM-C, D & C pigment and fragrance were added. Finally, the pH of the product is adjusted to within the specified preferred range of about 5.5 to about 6.5. If desired, Laponite XLS can be added to the solution (heated to 40 ℃) and the solution heated to 60 ℃ to 65 ℃ before the addition of the surfactant.

Benefit phase composition:

into a clean vessel of appropriate size, distilled water is added and stirred using a suitable laboratory stirrer at a speed of 200 to 300 rpm. Stabylene 30 was added slowly and stirred until homogeneous. An appropriate amount of Keltrol CGT was weighed and added slowly to the mixture. Stirring until uniform. To another vessel, the surfactant (CAPB, AO) was added and stirring was started and heated to 60 ℃. After a short stirring, CMEA was added. To the surfactant phase was added a phase comprising Stabylen 30 and Keltrol CGT. While stirring, triethanolamine was added. The remaining ingredients are added and the pH is adjusted to within the specified range of about 5.5 to about 6.5.

Density matching of phases:

matching the densities of the cleansing phase and the benefit phase with a density difference of 0.05g/cm³Within the range. The phases are mixed by first placing the separate phases in separate storage tanks with pumps and hoses connected. The phases are then pumped into a separate mixing zone in predetermined amounts. The phases are then moved from the mixing zone to the blending zone and the phases are mixed in the blending zone such that a single resulting product appears to have a distinct phase pattern. The product mixed in the blending zone is then pumped through a hose to a single nozzle placed in a rotating container and the container is filled from bottom to top with the resulting product.

Examples 4 to 6

Cleansing phase composition	Example 4	Example 5	Example 6
				Sodium laureth-3 sulfate (28%) (Procter)&Gamble Chemicals)	14.3	14.3	14.3
Sodium lauryl sulfate (29%) (Procter)&GambleChemicals)	40.9	40.9	40.9
				Cocamidopropyl betaine (30%) (Goldschmidt chemical)	13.3	13.3	13.3
Coconut oil monoethanolamide (Mona Industries)	2.0	2.0	2.0
				Lauryl pyrrolidone (Surfadone LP-300, ISPIndoindustries)	1.0	1.0	1.0
Carbopol Aqua SF-1(Noveon)	-	1.7	1.7
				Triethanolamine	-	0.76	0.76
Polydimethylsiloxane (Viscasil 330M, available from General Electric)	4.2	6.0	-
				Lithium magnesium silicate (Laponite XLS, available from southern Clay)	-	-	1.0

Ethylene glycol distearate	1.5	-	1.5
				DMDM hydantoin (Lonza) (55%)	0.7	0.6	-
D&C Red No. 30 talc lake	-	0.05	-
				Citric acid (50%) (Hoffman-Laroche)	1.0	1.0	0.5
Ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid disodium (Dissolvine NA-2S, Akzo Nobel)	0.05	0.05	0.04
				Perfume	0.25	0.3	0.2
Water (W)	Proper amount of	Proper amount of	Proper amount of
				Benefit phase composition
Cross-linked acrylic acid-vinyl ester copolymer (Satbylen 30, from 3V)	1.0	1.0
				Xanthan gum (Keltrol CGT, from Kelco)	1.1	1.1	-
acrylate/aminoacrylate/C10-30 alkyl PEG-20 itaconate copolymer (Structure Plus, National Starch) (20.9%)			12.5
				Polyquaternary ammonium salt-4 (Celquat H-100, national starch)			1.0
DMDM hydantoin (Mackstat DM-c, Lonza) (55%)	0.134	0.13	-
				Sodium chloride (Morton)	3.0	-	-
Ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid disodium (Dissolvine NA-2S, Akzo Nobel)	0.01	0.05	0.04
				Perfume	0.1	0.2	0.15
Triethanolamine (Dow Chemical)	1.0	Appropriate amount to pH6.5	Appropriate amount to pH6.5
				Tospearl 240(GE Silicones)	2.0	-	-
DC9040 Silicone elastomer gel 1(Dow Corning)			2.0
				20% Tospearl 240(Penereco) suspended in Versagel MD500	-	5.0	-
D&C Red No. 30 talc lake	0.05	-	0.1

Water (W)	Proper amount of	Proper amount of	Proper amount of
				Cleansing phase/benefit phase ratio	40/60	70/30	90/10

Cleansing and benefit phase compositions were prepared according to the general method described in examples 1 to 3.

Examples 7 to 9

Cleansing phase composition	Example 7	Example 8	Example 9
				Sodium laureth-3 sulfate (28%) (Procter)&Gamble Chemicals)	14.3	14.3	14.3
Sodium lauryl sulfate (29%) (Procter)&GambleChemicals)	34.0	30	40.9
				Cocamidopropyl betaine (30%) (Goldschmidt chemical)	13.3	13.3	13.3
Coconut oil monoethanolamide (Mona Industries)	2.0	2.0	2.0
				Lauryl pyrrolidone (Surfadone LP-300, ISPIndoindustries)	1.0	1.0	1.0
Alkyl glyceryl sulfonate	6	-	3.0
				Carbopol Aqua SF-1(Noveon)	-	1.7	1.7
Triethanolamine	-	0.76	0.76
				Tospearl 2000(GE Silicones)	-	-	2.0
Polydimethylsiloxane (Viscasil 330M, available from General Electric)	4.2	6.0	-
				Lithium magnesium silicate (Laponite XLS, available from southern Clay)	-	-	1.0
50% solution of poly (t-butyl methacrylate-co-ethylhexyl methacrylate) copolymer in isododecane solvent	5.0	6.0
				Ethylene glycol distearate	1.5	-	1.5
DMDM hydantoin (Lonza) (55%)	0.7	0.6	-
				D&C Red No. 30 talc lake	-	0.05	-
Citric acid (50%) (Ho)ffman-Laroche)	1.0	1.0	0.5

Ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid disodium (Dissolvine NA-2S, Akzo Nobel)	0.05	0.05	0.04
				Perfume	0.25	0.3	0.2
Water (W)	Proper amount of	Proper amount of	Proper amount of
				Benefit phase composition
Carbopol Aqua SF-1(Noveon)	5.0	5.0	10
				Cocoamidopropyl betaine(30％)(GoldschmidtChemical)	13	-	13
Xanthan gum (Keltrol CGT, from Kelco)	1.1	1.1	-
				Sodium hydroxide	0.12	0.12	0.25
Mica (and) titanium dioxide (Timiron MP-149, Rona)	0.2	0.2	0.2
				DMDM hydantoin (Mackstat DM-c, Lonza) (55%)	0.134	0.13	-
Sodium chloride (Morton)	3.0	-	-
				Ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid disodium (Dissolvine NA-2S, Akzo Nobel)	0.01	0.05	0.04
Perfume	0.1	0.2	0.15
				Cleansing phase/benefit phase ratio	80/20	70/30	90/10

Cleansing and benefit phase compositions were prepared according to the general method described in examples 1 to 3.

The following compositions were prepared by using conventional formulation and mixing techniques. When it is desired to melt or dissolve the solid surfactant or wax component, these may be added to the surfactant premix, or part of the surfactant, mixed and heated until the solid component melts, e.g., about 72 ℃. This mixture may then be processed, optionally by high shear milling, and cooled, before the remaining components are mixed in.

Thickening ingredients should be added according to the manufacturer's instructions. Typically this involves preparing a premix in water, then adding it to the main mixture and, if necessary, adjusting the pH to achieve full thickening performance. The silicone emulsion can be added directly to the composition, whereas the non-emulsified silicone must first be emulsified in a surfactant premix to a suitable particle size with a viscosity-adjusting salt.

Examples 10 to 16

Cleansing phase composition (A)	10	11	12	13	14	15	16
								Lauryl polyoxyethylene ether-3 ammonium sulfate	12	10	6				10
Ammonium dodecyl sulfate	2	6	10				6
								Sodium lauryl Ether-3 sulfate				12	12	12
Sodium lauryl sulfate				2	2	2
								Cocoamidopropyl betaine	2			2	2	2
Coconut monoethanolamide (CMEA, Mona industries)	2	0.8	0.8	2	2	2	0.8
								Cetyl alcohol	0	0.6	0.6	0	0	0	0.9
Ethylene Glycol Distearate (EGDS)		1.5	1.5				1.5
								Structure Plus(National Starch)		3
Carbopol Aqua SF-1(Noveon)	3			3	3	3
								Cross-linked acrylic acid-vinyl ester copolymer (Satbylen 30, from 3V)			1.5
Keltrol CGT (Xanthan Gum, from Kelco)			1				2
								Guar hydroxypropyl trimonium chloride (N-Hance 3196, from Aqualon)							0.5
Polyquaternary ammonium salt 10(UCARE polymerJR-400, available from Amerchol)			0.5
								Polyquaternary ammonium salt 10(UCARE polymerJR-30M, available from Amerchol)	0.25			0.25	0.25	0.25
Polymethacrylamidopropyltrimonium chloride (Polycare 133 available from Rhodia)		0.13
								Polydimethylsiloxane (Viscasil 330M, available from General Electric)		2	3				2.4
Dow Corning 1664 (Silicone microemulsion)				2
								Dow Corning 1870 (Silicone nanoemulsion)	2				2	2
Puresyn 6 (1-decene homopolymer)		0.3	0.6
								1-oxo-2-mercaptopyridinium zinc							1

Kathon CG(Rhom&Haas)	0.0005	0.0005	0.0005	0.0005	0.0005	0.0005	0.0008
								Benzyl alcohol							0.0225
Disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate (DissolvinneNA-2S, Akzo Nobel)	0.1274	0.1274	0.1274	0.1274	0.1274	0.1274
								Sodium chloride (Morton)	0.5	0.7	0.8	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.7
Citric acid sodium salt dihydrate	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4
								Citric acid (Hoffman-Laroche)	0.15	0.15	0.08	0.15	0.15	0.15	0.12
Perfume	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6
								Water (W)	Proper amount of	Proper amount of	Proper amount of	Proper amount of	Proper amount of	Proper amount of	Proper amount of

Benefit phase composition (B)	10	11	12	13	14	15	16
								Lauryl polyoxyethylene ether-3 ammonium sulfate	12	10	6				10
Ammonium dodecyl sulfate	2	6	10				6
								Sodium lauryl Ether sulfate					14	5
Sodium trideceth sulfate				14.6
								N-lauroylaminoethyl-N-hydroxyethyl sodium acetate					7	18
Cocamidopropyl betaine (30%) (Goldschmidt Chemical)	2
								Lauric acid					3	1.6
Coconut oil monoethanolamide (Mona Industries)	2	0.8	0.8	3			0.8
								Ethylene Glycol Distearate (EGDS)		1.5	1.5				1.5
Cetyl alcohol		0.6	0.6				0.9
								Structure Plus(National Starch)		3
Carbopol Aqua SF-1(30％)(Noveon)	3			3	3	3
								Cross-linked acrylic acid-vinyl ester copolymer (Satbylen 30, from 3V)			1.5
Xanthan gum (Keltrol CGT, from Kelco)			1				2
								Tri (hydroxystearic acid) glyceride						0.5

Polyquaternary ammonium salt 10(UCARE polymerJR-400, available from Amerchol)			0.5
								Polyquaternary ammonium salt 10(UCARE polymerJR-30M, available from Amerchol)	0.25				0.5
Polymethacrylamidopropyltrimonium chloride (Polycare 133 available from Rhodia)		0.13		0.13
								Polydimethylsiloxane (Viscasil 330M, available from General Electric)		2	3			2.3	1.0
Dow Corning 1664 (Silicone microemulsion)	2			2	3
								Puresyn 6 (1-decene homopolymer)		0.3	0.6
1-oxo-2-mercaptopyridinium zinc					2		1
								Kathon CG(Rhom&Haas)	0.0005	0.0005	0.0005	0.0005	0.0008	0.0005	0.0008
Benzyl alcohol					0.0225		0.0225
								Disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate (DissolvinneNA-2S, Akzo Nobel)	0.1274	0.1274	0.1274	0.1274		0.1274
Sodium chloride (Morton)				3
								Citric acid sodium salt dihydrate	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4
Citric acid (Hoffman-Laroche)	0.15	0.15	0.08	0.15	0.15	0.15	0.12
								FD&C blue No. 1 aluminum lake (SunChem.)	.003	.002
D&C Red No. 7 Ca lake (SunChem.)		.01	.01
								D&C Red No. 30 Talc lake (SunChem.)				.002	.02	.02	.04
Perfume	0.6	0.6	0.8	0.6	0.6	0.6	1
								Water (W)	Proper amount of	Proper amount of	Proper amount of	Proper amount of	Proper amount of	Proper amount of	Proper amount of
								Cleansing phase/benefit phase ratio	90/10	70/30	50/50	50/50	40/60	70/30	50/50

Claims (12)

1. A multi-phase personal care composition, comprising:

a) at least one cleansing phase comprising at least one surfactant and at least one thickener; and

b) at least one aqueous benefit phase comprising at least one thickener and at least one benefit agent selected from the group consisting of: styling polymers, silicones, cross-linked silicone elastomers, higher alkylene hydrocarbons, and hair dyes/dyes;

wherein the at least one cleansing phase and the at least one benefit phase are visually distinct phases, the phases being packaged in direct contact with each other.

2. The multi-phase personal care composition according to claim 1, wherein said surfactant is selected from the group consisting of: anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, zwitterionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, soaps, and mixtures thereof.

3. The multi-phase personal care composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said at least one cleansing phase comprises a thickening agent selected from the group consisting of: inorganic water thickeners, polymeric thickeners, additives that promote thickening by lamellar structuring of surfactants, organic crystalline thickeners, and mixtures thereof.

4. The multi-phase personal care composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said at least one aqueous benefit phase comprises a thickener selected from the group consisting of: additives that promote thickening by lamellar structuring of surfactants, organic crystalline thickeners, inorganic water thickeners, polymeric thickeners, and mixtures thereof.

5. The multi-phase personal care composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said at least one aqueous benefit phase further comprises at least one benefit agent selected from the group consisting of: anti-dandruff actives, humectants, water soluble nonionic polymers, cationic polymers, conditioning agents, and particulates.

6. The multi-phase personal care composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said at least one cleansing phase further comprises at least one benefit agent selected from the group consisting of: anti-dandruff actives, styling polymers, silicones, cross-linked silicone elastomers, higher alkylene hydrocarbons, hair dyes/dyes, humectants, water soluble nonionic polymers, cationic polymers, conditioning agents, and particulates.

7. The multi-phase personal care composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the visible pattern or arrangement of said visually distinct phases does not substantially change over a period of 180 days when said at least one cleansing phase and said at least one aqueous benefit phase are undisturbed resting in direct contact with each other under ambient conditions.

8. The multi-phase personal care composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said at least one cleansing phase, said at least one aqueous benefit phase, or both said at least one cleansing phase and said at least one aqueous benefit phase are visually transparent.

9. The multi-phase personal care composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said visually distinct phases form a pattern selected from the group consisting of: striation, geometry, marbleizing, and combinations thereof.

10. The multi-phase personal care composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the difference in density between said at least one cleansing phase and said at least one aqueous benefit phase is less than 0.30g/cm³And preferably less than 0.05g/cm³。

11. The multi-phase personal care composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said at least one cleansing phase and said at least one aqueous benefit phase have a viscosity in the range of from 10,000 to 200,000,000 centipoise at a stress measurement of from 1 to 20 pascals at 25 ℃, and preferably said viscosity is in the range of from 100,000 to 100,000,000 centipoise at a stress measurement of from 1 to 20 pascals at 25 ℃.

12. A method of treating hair or skin, the method comprising the steps of:

a) topically applying to the hair or skin an effective amount of a composition according to any of the preceding claims; and

b) optionally rinsing the hair or skin with water.