GB906424A - Improvements in or relating to tobacco smoke filter elements - Google Patents
Improvements in or relating to tobacco smoke filter elementsInfo
- Publication number
- GB906424A GB906424A GB39235/58A GB3923558A GB906424A GB 906424 A GB906424 A GB 906424A GB 39235/58 A GB39235/58 A GB 39235/58A GB 3923558 A GB3923558 A GB 3923558A GB 906424 A GB906424 A GB 906424A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- filaments
- waxy material
- plasticizer
- acids
- booth
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 title abstract 3
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 title abstract 3
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 title 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 12
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 abstract 12
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 abstract 10
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 9
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 abstract 8
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 abstract 8
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 abstract 8
- RFVNOJDQRGSOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCO RFVNOJDQRGSOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract 6
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract 6
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 6
- BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 5
- LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yl formate Chemical compound OCC(CO)OC=O LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 4
- ULQISTXYYBZJSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 12-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCC(O)CCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O ULQISTXYYBZJSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 4
- -1 fatty acid ester Chemical class 0.000 abstract 4
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract 4
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 abstract 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 4
- URAYPUMNDPQOKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacetin Chemical compound CC(=O)OCC(OC(C)=O)COC(C)=O URAYPUMNDPQOKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 4
- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monostearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 229940114072 12-hydroxystearic acid Drugs 0.000 abstract 2
- WCOXQTXVACYMLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-bis(12-hydroxyoctadecanoyloxy)propyl 12-hydroxyoctadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCC(O)CCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC(O)CCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC(O)CCCCCC WCOXQTXVACYMLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- PWVUXRBUUYZMKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCOCCO PWVUXRBUUYZMKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- FKOKUHFZNIUSLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Hydroxypropyl stearate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(C)O FKOKUHFZNIUSLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000010919 Copernicia prunifera Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 244000180278 Copernicia prunifera Species 0.000 abstract 2
- UXDDRFCJKNROTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerol 1,2-diacetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OCC(CO)OC(C)=O UXDDRFCJKNROTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000021360 Myristic acid Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- DOOTYTYQINUNNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethyl citrate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC(O)(C(=O)OCC)CC(=O)OCC DOOTYTYQINUNNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 150000001446 angelic acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000013871 bee wax Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000012166 beeswax Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- HSUIVCLOAAJSRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-methoxyethyl) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate Chemical compound COCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCOC HSUIVCLOAAJSRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 abstract 2
- 229960000541 cetyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 abstract 2
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000001087 glyceryl triacetate Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000013773 glyceryl triacetate Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 abstract 2
- 150000002605 large molecules Chemical class 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-heptadecyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N palmitic acid group Chemical group C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)(=O)O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 abstract 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 abstract 2
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 abstract 2
- 229940093625 propylene glycol monostearate Drugs 0.000 abstract 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000012177 spermaceti Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 229940084106 spermaceti Drugs 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 229960002622 triacetin Drugs 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000001069 triethyl citrate Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- VMYFZRTXGLUXMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl citrate Natural products CCOC(=O)C(O)(C(=O)OCC)C(=O)OCC VMYFZRTXGLUXMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000013769 triethyl citrate Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N triformin Chemical compound O=COCC(OC=O)COC=O UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- XYPMNUUXJRUXCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-oxohexadecanal Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)C=O XYPMNUUXJRUXCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- YQEMORVAKMFKLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycerine monostearate Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC(CO)CO YQEMORVAKMFKLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- SVUQHVRAGMNPLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycerol monostearate Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO SVUQHVRAGMNPLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
- A24D3/14—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as additive
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
- B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
- B01D39/18—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being cellulose or derivatives thereof
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
Abstract
Tobacco smoke filtering element manufacture includes the steps of spreading out a plurality of filaments, melting a wax or waxy material having a melting point above 35 DEG C. and spraying it on the filaments in a particle size of less than 30 microns (e.g. down to 0.5 micron) to form nodes and ridges thereon. The filaments may comprise a tow of at least 10,000 continuous crimped cellulose acetate filaments of from less than 3 to 16 individual denier and 20,000 to 100,000 total denier and the waxy material be a high-molecular-weight compound which is sprayed incorporated in a non-toxic plasticizer so as to constitute 25% to 80% of the spray formulation and comprises a fatty acid ester, fatty acid or fatty alcohol, miscible with the plasticizer at above 50 DEG C., the sprayed filaments being compacted into a bundle which is wrapped and cut into lengths which are stored at above 20 DEG C. for at least 20 minutes to set rigid. The waxy material is melted and dissolved in heated plasticizer, being insoluble therein below 35 DEG C. Alternatively, unheated plasticizer may be sprayed on in one booth and melted waxy material in a following booth. Exemplary plasticizers are triacetin, glycerol di-acetate, glycerol di- and tri-propionates, di(methoxyethyl) phthalate, ethyl phthalyl methyl glycollate, triethyl citrate and mixtures thereof. From 10% to 30% of filament weight of the wax or waxy material may be used. Exemplary fatty acid esters are glycerol monstearate, diethylene glycol stearate, ethylene glycol monostearate, polyethylene glycol monostearate, the triglyceride of 12-hydroxy stearic acid, the acetylated monoglyceride from hydrogenated lard, propylene glycol monostearate, and esters of polypropylene glycol; a mixture of glycol monostearate and hydrogenated acetylated monoglyceride may be used. Exemplary fatty acids are saturated acids of formula CnH2nO2, where n is from 10 to 24, e.g. lauric, myristic, palmitic and stearic acids, and unsaturated acids of formula CnH2n-2XO2, where n is from 10 to 24 and x from 1 to 5, e.g. erucic, elaidic, elaeostearic and angelic acids; such acids containing substituent groups (e.g. hydroxyl, carbonyl, chloro) may also be used. Exemplary fatty alcohols are stearyl alcohol (octadecanol) and cetyl alcohol (hexadecanol), with or without substituent groupings as above. Waxes which may be used are carnauba, paraffin, spermaceti, montan and polyolefin waxes, beeswax, "Acrawax" (Registered Trade Mark) and castorwax (hydrogenated castor oil). They may be applied alone or with, before or after plasticizer. Quantitive process examples and completed filter test results are given. The spray booth for the wax or waxy material is so heated and jacketed that any droplets not attaching to the filaments are maintained fluid and can be recycled. Cooling devices may be mounted adjacent the booth filament exit, the adjacent filament-forwarding rolls having blades which scrape solid depositions therefrom for re-melting.ALSO:Tobacco smoke filtering element manufacture includes the steps of spreading out a plurality of filaments, melting a wax or waxy material having a melting point above 35 DEG C. and spraying it on the filaments in a particle size of less than 30 microns (e.g. down to 0.5 micron) to form nodes and ridges thereon. The filaments may comprise a tow of at least 10,000 continuous crimped cellulose acetate filaments of from less than 3 to 16 individual denier and 20,000 to 100,000 total denier and the waxy material be as highmolecular-weight compound which is sprayed incorporated in a non-toxic plasticizer so as to constitute 25% to 80% of the spray formulation, and comprises a fatty acid ester, fatty acid or fatty alcohol, miscible with the plasticizer at above 50 DEG C., the sprayed filaments being compacted into a bundle which is wrapped and cut into lengths which are stored at above 20 DEG C. for at least 20 minutes to set rigid. The waxy material is melted and dissolved in heated plasticizer, being insoluble therein below 35 DEG C. Alternatively, unheated plasticizer may be sprayed on in one booth and melted waxy material in a following booth. Exemplary plasticizers are triacetin, glycerol di-acetate, glycerol di- and tri-propionates, di-(methoxy-ethyl) phthalate, ethyl phthalyl methyl glycollate, triethyl citrate and mixtures thereof. From 10% to 30% of filament weight of the wax or waxy material may be used. Exemplary fatty acid esters are glycerol monostearate, diethylene glycol stearate, ethylene glycol monostearate, polyethylene glycol monostearate, the triglyceride of 12-hydroxy stearic acid, the acetylated monoglyceride from hydrogenated lard, propylene glycol monostearate, and esters of polypropylene glycol; a mixture of glycol monostearate and hydrogenated acetylated monoglyceride may be used. Exemplary fatty acids are saturated acids of formula CnH2nO2, where n is from 10 to 24, e.g. lauric, myristic, palmitic and stearic acids, and unsaturated acids of formula CnH2n-2xO2, where n is from 10 to 24 and x from 1 to 5, e.g. erucic, elaidic, elaceostearic and angelic acids; such acids containing substituent groupings (e.g. hydroxyl, carbonyl, chloro) may also be used. Exemplary fatty alcohols are stearyl alcohol (octadeconal) and cetyl alcohol (hexadeconal), with or without substituent groupings as above. Waxes which may be used are carnauba, paraffin, spermaceti, montan and polyolefin waxes, beeswax, "Acrawax" (Registered Trade Mark) and castorwax (hydrogenated castor oil). They may be applied alone or with, before or after plasticizer. Quantitative process examples and completed filter test results are given. The spray booth for the wax or waxy material is so heated and jacketed that any droplets not attaching to the filaments are maintained fluid and can be recycled. Cooling devices may be mounted adjacent the booth filament exit, the adjacent filament-forwarding rolls having blades which scrape solid depositions therefrom for re-melting.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US701310A US3026226A (en) | 1957-12-09 | 1957-12-09 | Process of manufacturing filters |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB906424A true GB906424A (en) | 1962-09-19 |
Family
ID=24816853
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB39235/58A Expired GB906424A (en) | 1957-12-09 | 1958-12-05 | Improvements in or relating to tobacco smoke filter elements |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3026226A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH391550A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE1079521B (en) |
| ES (1) | ES245619A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR1217814A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB906424A (en) |
| MY (1) | MY6400010A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1999059436A1 (en) * | 1998-05-20 | 1999-11-25 | Rhodia Acetow Gmbh | Method for producing hardened filter rods in the cigarette industry |
| WO2001066229A1 (en) * | 2000-03-07 | 2001-09-13 | Rudolf Gutmann | Filter for an air or gas purification device |
| WO2001066228A1 (en) * | 2000-03-07 | 2001-09-13 | Clariant Gmbh | Agent and method for removing pollutants from gases |
Families Citing this family (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3276931A (en) * | 1956-12-27 | 1966-10-04 | Johns Manville | Apparatus and process for combining glass fibers with synthetic resin fibers |
| US3173427A (en) * | 1962-02-05 | 1965-03-16 | Eastman Kodak Co | Tow with internally incorporated additive |
| US3246655A (en) * | 1963-03-19 | 1966-04-19 | Lorillard Co P | Selective cigarette filters |
| US3818863A (en) * | 1962-08-14 | 1974-06-25 | Celanese Corp | Centrifugal spray apparatus |
| BE637586A (en) * | 1962-09-19 | |||
| US3298380A (en) * | 1962-12-14 | 1967-01-17 | Burke Oliver W Jun | Process for purification of tobacco smoke |
| US3229699A (en) * | 1962-12-21 | 1966-01-18 | Eastman Kodak Co | Plasticized filter |
| US3190295A (en) * | 1962-12-21 | 1965-06-22 | Eastman Kodak Co | Filter with combination plasticizer |
| US3311519A (en) * | 1964-01-28 | 1967-03-28 | Eastman Kodak Co | Additive filter |
| DE1300854B (en) * | 1965-05-14 | 1969-08-07 | Reemtsma H F & Ph | Filters for cigarettes |
| US3501361A (en) * | 1965-09-22 | 1970-03-17 | Eastman Kodak Co | Method for producing cigarette filters |
| US3326221A (en) * | 1966-07-19 | 1967-06-20 | Celanese Corp | Filter |
| US4752348A (en) * | 1985-03-29 | 1988-06-21 | Celanese Corporation | Localized liquid additive applicator system for continuous cylindrical product |
| US4729390A (en) * | 1985-07-31 | 1988-03-08 | Eastman Kodak Company | Tobacco smoke filtering material |
| DE4322966C2 (en) | 1993-07-09 | 1995-10-26 | Rhodia Ag Rhone Poulenc | Cellulose acetate molded structures and their use as filter tow and tobacco smoke filter element |
| DE19536505A1 (en) * | 1995-09-29 | 1997-04-10 | Biotec Biolog Naturverpack | Biodegradable filter material and process for its manufacture |
| CA2291326C (en) * | 1999-01-23 | 2007-02-13 | Kyung-Ju Choi | Treated filter media |
| RU2264767C2 (en) * | 2001-10-30 | 2005-11-27 | Джапан Тобакко Инк. | Cigarette filter and cigarette with filter |
| CN106723341B (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2020-04-14 | 云南巴菰生物科技有限公司 | Fragrance sustained-release material composition, sustained-release perfume colloid and application thereof |
| EP3727045B1 (en) | 2017-12-21 | 2022-04-13 | Philip Morris Products S.A. | Reducing aerosol ammonia in heated aerosol generating articles |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2602766A (en) * | 1948-04-10 | 1952-07-08 | Richard J Francis | Reinforced plastic rods and methods of making same |
| BE528827A (en) * | 1951-11-27 | |||
| US2694661A (en) * | 1952-02-12 | 1954-11-16 | Parallel Plastics Co | Process for forming adhesive-embedded fiber rods |
| US2774354A (en) * | 1952-05-21 | 1956-12-18 | Florman Irving | Chlorophyl impregnated filter means for tobacco products |
| CA639825A (en) * | 1952-12-05 | 1962-04-17 | Eastman Kodak Company | Filter tow treated with sorbitan compounds |
| US2805671A (en) * | 1953-10-07 | 1957-09-10 | Liggett & Myers Tobacco Co | Aerosol filters |
| US2881771A (en) * | 1954-12-20 | 1959-04-14 | Eastman Kodak Co | Cigarette filters |
| US2855633A (en) * | 1955-06-13 | 1958-10-14 | Chicopee Mfg Corp | Process of treating fibers |
-
1957
- 1957-12-09 US US701310A patent/US3026226A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1958
- 1958-11-27 ES ES0245619A patent/ES245619A1/en not_active Expired
- 1958-11-27 DE DEE16783A patent/DE1079521B/en active Pending
- 1958-12-05 GB GB39235/58A patent/GB906424A/en not_active Expired
- 1958-12-05 CH CH6698158A patent/CH391550A/en unknown
- 1958-12-09 FR FR781183A patent/FR1217814A/en not_active Expired
-
1964
- 1964-12-30 MY MY10/64A patent/MY6400010A/en unknown
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1999059436A1 (en) * | 1998-05-20 | 1999-11-25 | Rhodia Acetow Gmbh | Method for producing hardened filter rods in the cigarette industry |
| WO2001066229A1 (en) * | 2000-03-07 | 2001-09-13 | Rudolf Gutmann | Filter for an air or gas purification device |
| WO2001066228A1 (en) * | 2000-03-07 | 2001-09-13 | Clariant Gmbh | Agent and method for removing pollutants from gases |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| MY6400010A (en) | 1964-12-31 |
| DE1079521B (en) | 1960-04-07 |
| ES245619A1 (en) | 1959-06-16 |
| US3026226A (en) | 1962-03-20 |
| CH391550A (en) | 1965-04-30 |
| FR1217814A (en) | 1960-05-05 |
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