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GB804504A - Improvements in or relating to sizing paper - Google Patents

Improvements in or relating to sizing paper

Info

Publication number
GB804504A
GB804504A GB8006/56A GB800656A GB804504A GB 804504 A GB804504 A GB 804504A GB 8006/56 A GB8006/56 A GB 8006/56A GB 800656 A GB800656 A GB 800656A GB 804504 A GB804504 A GB 804504A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
carbon atoms
sizing substance
isocyanate
sizing
substance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB8006/56A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hercules Powder Co
Original Assignee
Hercules Powder Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hercules Powder Co filed Critical Hercules Powder Co
Publication of GB804504A publication Critical patent/GB804504A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
    • D21H17/05—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
    • D21H17/14—Carboxylic acids; Derivatives thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
    • D21H17/05—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
    • D21H17/07—Nitrogen-containing compounds
    • D21H17/08—Isocyanates
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
    • D21H17/05—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
    • D21H17/17—Ketenes, e.g. ketene dimers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/63—Inorganic compounds
    • D21H17/67—Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments
    • D21H17/68—Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments siliceous, e.g. clays
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
    • D21H21/16—Sizing or water-repelling agents

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)

Abstract

A paper-maker's size, which in use is added to aqueous cellulosic paper-pulp, comprises activated clay, e.g. bentonite, and a sizing substance which reacts chemically with the hydroxyl groups of cellulose. The sizing substance may be a ketene dimer having the general formula [R , CH : C : O]2, wherein R may be an alkyl group having at least eight carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having at least six carbon atoms, an aryl, aralkyl or alkaryl group. Octyl, decyl, dodecyl, tetradecyl, hexadecyl, octadecyl, eicosyl, docosyl, tetracosyl, phenyl, benzyl, beta-naphthyl and cyclohexyl ketene dimers are suitable and so are ketene dimers prepared from montanic, naphthenic, D 9, 10 decylenic, D 9, 10 dodecylenic, palmitoleic, oleic, ricinoleic, petroselenic, vaccenic, linoleic, linolenic, eleostearic, licanic, parinaric, tariric, gadoleic, arachidonic, cetoleic, erucic and selacholeic acids and from mixed fatty acids derived from coconut, babassu, palm kernel, palm olive, peanut and rape oils, beef tallow, lard and whale blubber. The sizing substance may be an anhydride of a fatty acid containing 8 to 28 carbon atoms per molecule, e.g. stearic, palmitic or oleic anhydride, or a mixture of anhydrides of coconut and tall oil fatty acids. The sizing substance may be the oxide or chloride of a fatty acid having 12 to 28 carbon atoms per molecule, e.g. stearazide or the chloride of montanic acid. Alternatively, the sizing substance may be an organic isocyanate. Dodecyl, tetradecyl, cetyl, octadecyl and octadecenyl isocyanates, toluene 2, 4 di-isocyanate, hexamethylene di-isocyanate and methylene bis (4-phenyl isocyanate) are suitable. The activated clay and the sizing substance may be present in the form of an aqueous suspension and/or emulsion. The size may contain a non-ionic emulsifier such as polyoxyethylene sorbitan trioleate, polyoxyethylene sorbitol hexaoleate and polyoxyethylene sorbitol laurate or oleate-laurate. The pH of the size may be between 5 and 9,5.
GB8006/56A 1955-06-10 1956-03-14 Improvements in or relating to sizing paper Expired GB804504A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US804504XA 1955-06-10 1955-06-10

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB804504A true GB804504A (en) 1958-11-19

Family

ID=22157461

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB8006/56A Expired GB804504A (en) 1955-06-10 1956-03-14 Improvements in or relating to sizing paper

Country Status (1)

Country Link
GB (1) GB804504A (en)

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3050437A (en) * 1959-06-16 1962-08-21 American Cyanamid Co Manufacture of sized paper
US3102064A (en) * 1961-09-08 1963-08-27 Nat Starch Chem Corp Novel paper sizing process
US3139373A (en) * 1962-06-08 1964-06-30 Allied Chem Process for the internal sizing of paper with a salt of a substituted succinic acid
US3212961A (en) * 1961-10-23 1965-10-19 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Pretreatment of paper pulp with ketene dimer in improving sizeability
US3223544A (en) * 1963-03-19 1965-12-14 American Cyanamid Co Manufacture of cationic paper sizing ketene dimer emulsions
US3329657A (en) * 1963-05-17 1967-07-04 American Cyanamid Co Water soluble cross linked cationic polyamide polyamines
US3409500A (en) * 1966-10-28 1968-11-05 American Cyanamid Co Method of sizing paper with cationic polyamine and carboxylic anhydride
US3445330A (en) * 1966-04-28 1969-05-20 American Cyanamid Co Method of sizing paper with carboxylic acid anhydride particles and polyamines
US3499824A (en) * 1967-02-27 1970-03-10 American Cyanamid Co Aqueous cationic emulsions of papersizing isocyanates and manufacture of paper therewith
US3968317A (en) * 1973-08-31 1976-07-06 Hercules Incorporated Water-dispersible thermosettable cationic resins and paper sized therewith
US3992345A (en) * 1973-08-31 1976-11-16 Hercules Incorporated Water-dispersible thermosettable cationic resins and paper sized therewith
US4066493A (en) * 1975-06-20 1978-01-03 Laporte Industries Limited Treating cellulosic materials
US4113506A (en) 1975-12-19 1978-09-12 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Emulsions of resinic acid isocyanates as sizing agents for paper
US4214948A (en) * 1974-07-31 1980-07-29 National Starch And Chemical Corporation Method of sizing paper
EP0017353A1 (en) * 1979-03-28 1980-10-15 Ciba Specialty Chemicals Water Treatments Limited Production of paper and paper board
US5433776A (en) * 1992-04-06 1995-07-18 Hercules Incorporated Stable blend of ketene dimer size and colloidal silica
WO1998055696A1 (en) * 1997-06-06 1998-12-10 Vinings Industries, Inc. Self-emulsifiable isocyanate and coupling agent compositions for enhancing the strength and sizing properties of cellulosic fiber and method of making and using therefor
WO1999041452A1 (en) * 1998-02-17 1999-08-19 Hercules Incorporated Paper sizing
EP0742315B2 (en) † 1995-05-08 2005-12-14 Hercules Incorporated 2-Oxetanone sizing agents and their preparation and use
WO2007070912A1 (en) * 2005-12-23 2007-06-28 Kemira Chemie Ges.Mbh Paper sizing emulsion, process for preparing it and use thereof
WO2011011563A1 (en) * 2009-07-23 2011-01-27 Hercules Incorporated Sizing composition for hot penetrant resistance

Cited By (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3050437A (en) * 1959-06-16 1962-08-21 American Cyanamid Co Manufacture of sized paper
US3102064A (en) * 1961-09-08 1963-08-27 Nat Starch Chem Corp Novel paper sizing process
US3212961A (en) * 1961-10-23 1965-10-19 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Pretreatment of paper pulp with ketene dimer in improving sizeability
US3139373A (en) * 1962-06-08 1964-06-30 Allied Chem Process for the internal sizing of paper with a salt of a substituted succinic acid
US3223544A (en) * 1963-03-19 1965-12-14 American Cyanamid Co Manufacture of cationic paper sizing ketene dimer emulsions
US3329657A (en) * 1963-05-17 1967-07-04 American Cyanamid Co Water soluble cross linked cationic polyamide polyamines
US3445330A (en) * 1966-04-28 1969-05-20 American Cyanamid Co Method of sizing paper with carboxylic acid anhydride particles and polyamines
US3409500A (en) * 1966-10-28 1968-11-05 American Cyanamid Co Method of sizing paper with cationic polyamine and carboxylic anhydride
US3499824A (en) * 1967-02-27 1970-03-10 American Cyanamid Co Aqueous cationic emulsions of papersizing isocyanates and manufacture of paper therewith
US3968317A (en) * 1973-08-31 1976-07-06 Hercules Incorporated Water-dispersible thermosettable cationic resins and paper sized therewith
US3992345A (en) * 1973-08-31 1976-11-16 Hercules Incorporated Water-dispersible thermosettable cationic resins and paper sized therewith
US4214948A (en) * 1974-07-31 1980-07-29 National Starch And Chemical Corporation Method of sizing paper
US4066493A (en) * 1975-06-20 1978-01-03 Laporte Industries Limited Treating cellulosic materials
US4113506A (en) 1975-12-19 1978-09-12 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Emulsions of resinic acid isocyanates as sizing agents for paper
EP0017353A1 (en) * 1979-03-28 1980-10-15 Ciba Specialty Chemicals Water Treatments Limited Production of paper and paper board
US4305781A (en) * 1979-03-28 1981-12-15 Allied Colloids Limited Production of newprint, kraft or fluting medium
US5433776A (en) * 1992-04-06 1995-07-18 Hercules Incorporated Stable blend of ketene dimer size and colloidal silica
EP0742315B2 (en) † 1995-05-08 2005-12-14 Hercules Incorporated 2-Oxetanone sizing agents and their preparation and use
WO1998055696A1 (en) * 1997-06-06 1998-12-10 Vinings Industries, Inc. Self-emulsifiable isocyanate and coupling agent compositions for enhancing the strength and sizing properties of cellulosic fiber and method of making and using therefor
US5961783A (en) * 1997-06-06 1999-10-05 Vinings Industries, Inc. Process for enhancing the strength and sizing properties of cellulosic fiber using a self-emulsifiable isocyanate and a coupling agent
WO1999041452A1 (en) * 1998-02-17 1999-08-19 Hercules Incorporated Paper sizing
WO1999041453A1 (en) * 1998-02-17 1999-08-19 Hercules Incorporated Paper sizing
WO2007070912A1 (en) * 2005-12-23 2007-06-28 Kemira Chemie Ges.Mbh Paper sizing emulsion, process for preparing it and use thereof
WO2011011563A1 (en) * 2009-07-23 2011-01-27 Hercules Incorporated Sizing composition for hot penetrant resistance
CN102472018A (en) * 2009-07-23 2012-05-23 赫尔克里士公司 Sizing composition resistant to hot penetrants

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