GB691355A - Improvements in or relating to the treatment of liquids to separate components therefrom - Google Patents
Improvements in or relating to the treatment of liquids to separate components therefromInfo
- Publication number
- GB691355A GB691355A GB26171/49A GB2617149A GB691355A GB 691355 A GB691355 A GB 691355A GB 26171/49 A GB26171/49 A GB 26171/49A GB 2617149 A GB2617149 A GB 2617149A GB 691355 A GB691355 A GB 691355A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- sorbent
- solvent
- liquid
- tube
- constituent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title abstract 21
- 239000002594 sorbent Substances 0.000 abstract 43
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 abstract 27
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 abstract 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 8
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 4
- UPYKUZBSLRQECL-UKMVMLAPSA-N Lycopene Natural products CC(=C/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C1C(=C)CCCC1(C)C)C=CC=C(/C)C=CC2C(=C)CCCC2(C)C UPYKUZBSLRQECL-UKMVMLAPSA-N 0.000 abstract 4
- 150000001746 carotenes Chemical class 0.000 abstract 4
- 235000005473 carotenes Nutrition 0.000 abstract 4
- ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)CO ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 abstract 4
- NCYCYZXNIZJOKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N vitamin A aldehyde Natural products O=CC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C NCYCYZXNIZJOKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 4
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 abstract 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 abstract 2
- 108010085603 SFLLRNPND Proteins 0.000 abstract 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 229930002875 chlorophyll Natural products 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000019804 chlorophyll Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M chlorophyll a Chemical compound C1([C@@H](C(=O)OC)C(=O)C2=C3C)=C2N2C3=CC(C(CC)=C3C)=[N+]4C3=CC3=C(C=C)C(C)=C5N3[Mg-2]42[N+]2=C1[C@@H](CCC(=O)OC\C=C(/C)CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@H](C)C2=C5 ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000012259 ether extract Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000010685 fatty oil Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000012442 inert solvent Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- KBPHJBAIARWVSC-RGZFRNHPSA-N lutein Chemical compound C([C@H](O)CC=1C)C(C)(C)C=1\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\[C@H]1C(C)=C[C@H](O)CC1(C)C KBPHJBAIARWVSC-RGZFRNHPSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 229960005375 lutein Drugs 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- KBPHJBAIARWVSC-XQIHNALSSA-N trans-lutein Natural products CC(=C/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CC(O)CC1(C)C)C=CC=C(/C)C=CC2C(=CC(O)CC2(C)C)C KBPHJBAIARWVSC-XQIHNALSSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- FJHBOVDFOQMZRV-XQIHNALSSA-N xanthophyll Natural products CC(=C/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CC(O)CC1(C)C)C=CC=C(/C)C=CC2C=C(C)C(O)CC2(C)C FJHBOVDFOQMZRV-XQIHNALSSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000008210 xanthophylls Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004255 ion exchange chromatography Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004810 partition chromatography Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010698 whale oil Substances 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D15/00—Separating processes involving the treatment of liquids with solid sorbents; Apparatus therefor
- B01D15/08—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography
- B01D15/10—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by constructional or operational features
- B01D15/18—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by constructional or operational features relating to flow patterns
- B01D15/1807—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by constructional or operational features relating to flow patterns using counter-currents, e.g. fluidised beds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/10—Refining fats or fatty oils by adsorption
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D15/00—Separating processes involving the treatment of liquids with solid sorbents; Apparatus therefor
- B01D15/08—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography
- B01D15/10—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by constructional or operational features
- B01D15/18—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by constructional or operational features relating to flow patterns
- B01D15/1892—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by constructional or operational features relating to flow patterns the sorbent material moving as a whole, e.g. continuous annular chromatography, true moving beds or centrifugal chromatography
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)
Abstract
<PICT:0691355/IV (b)/1> In the separation of constituents from a liquid mixture containing or consisting of at least two constituents which are sorbed to almost the same extent by a sorbent and are separable by chromatography, a stream of the liquid is passed in countercurrent to a stream or moving column of sorbent and the relative flow of liquid and sorbent is adjusted so that at least one constituent is continuously removed from the liquid by the sorbent and thereby separated from at least one other constituent of similar affinity for the sorbent. The liquid may be a simple mixture of constituents of the kind described or a solution of at least two such constituents in an inert solvent. The relative rate of flow of liquid and sorbent is initially such that the sorption front of the constituent to be removed by the sorbent, or of the least-strongly sorbed where more than one constituent is to be removed by the sorbent, is allowed to form and move in the direction of flow of the liquid, and the rate of flow is then adjusted so that the sorption front is held stationary. Preferably the streams move in vertical directions, the sorbent being introduced at the top if it is of greater density than the liquid, and moving downwards. Where three or more constituents are to be separated, two or more may be removed by the sorbent, which is then treated with an eluting solvent to separate the sorbed materials. In any case, provision is preferably made for continuously washing the column of sorbent after it has passed the point of inlet of the liquid. Thus in Fig. 3, where sorbent is moving downwards through a tube 1 to separate one of two constituents from a liquid introduced through tube 4, a solvent is introduced at a lower level through a tube 7 to wash away any traces of the less strongly sorbed constituent, the main portion of which flows out with the solvent through a tube 6 at the top of the apparatus, while the sorbent containing the more strongly sorbed constituent passes out through a trap 9 into a collecting tank 10 filled with solvent. The tube 1 is provided with enlargements 3 to avoid or localize disturbances in the stream of sorbent. When a compact column is required, less sorbent is drawn off initially than is supplied at the top, so that the sorbent gradually accumulates in the tube. To facilitate the flow the tube may be vibrated, preferably axially. Modified apparatus is also described, Figs. 4 and 5 (not shown), suitable for separating three materials and dissolved in a solvent. The solution is introduced near the middle of the tube while sorbent is introduced at the top and solvent at one or more points near the bottom. In each case solvent containing the least strongly sorbed material is withdrawn at the top and sorbent containing the most strongly sorbed material at the bottom, while the third constituent is withdrawn near the middle either with the solvent stream or with the sorbent stream, according to the conditions. Examples are given of the extraction of (1) carotene, chlorophyll, and xanthophyll from a petroleum ether extract of dry grass using alumina as the sorbent and petroleum ether as the solvent, and (2) carotene from fatty oil using isobutanol as the solvent and powdered rubber as the sorbent. Specification 661,374 is referred to.ALSO:<PICT:0691355/III/1> In the separation of constituents from a liquid mixture containing or consisting of at least two constituents which are sorbed to almost the same extent by a sorbent and are separable by chromotography, a stream of the liquid is passed in counter-current to a stream or moving column of sorbent and the relative flow of liquid and sorbent is adjusted so that at least one constituent is continuously removed from the liquid by the sorbent and thereby separated from at least one other constituent of similar affinity for the sorbent. The liquid may be a simple mixture of constituents of the kind described or a solution of at least two such constituents in an inert solvent. The relative rate of flow of liquid and sorbent is initially such that the sorption front of the constituent to be removed by the sorbent, or of the least-strongly sorbed where more than one constituent is to be removed by the sorbent, is allowed to form and move in the direction of flow of the liquid, and the rate of flow is then adjusted so that the sorption front is held stationary. Preferably the streams move in vertical directions, the sorbent being introduced at the top, if it is of greater density than the liquid, and moving downwards. Where three or more constituents are to be separated, two or more may be removed by the sorbent, which is then treated with an eluting solvent to separate the sorbed materials. In any case, provision is preferably made for continuously washing the column of sorbent after it has passed the point of inlet of the liquid. Thus in Fig. 3, where sorbent is moving downwards through a tube 1 to separate one of two constituents from a liquid introduced through a tube 4, a solvent is introduced at a lower level through a tube 7 to wash away any traces of the less strongly sorbed constituent, the main portion of which flows out with the solvent through a tube 6 at the top of the apparatus, while the sorbent containing the more strongly sorbed constituent passes out through a trap 9 into a collecting tank 10 filled with solvent. The tube 1 is provided with enlargements 3 to avoid or localize disturbances in the stream of sorbent. When a compact column is required, less sorbent is drawn off initially than is supplied at the top, so that the sorbent gradually accumulates in the tube. To facilitate flow the tube may be vibrated, preferably axially. Modified apparatus is also described, Figs. 4 and 5, (not shown), suitable for separating three materials dissolved in a solvent. The solution is introduced near the middle of the tube while sorbent is introduced at the top and solvent at one or more points near the bottom. In each case solvent containing the least strongly sorbed material is withdrawn at the top and sorbent containing the most strongly sorbed material at the bottom, while the third constituent is withdrawn near the middle either with the solvent stream or with the sorbent stream, according to the conditions. Examples are given of the extraction of (1) carotene, chlorophyll, and xanthophyll from a petroleum ether extract of dry grass using alumina as the sorbent and petroleum ether as the solvent, (2) unsaturated and saturated constituents of whale oil using acetone as the solvent and powdered rubber as the sorbent, and (3) carotene from fatty oil using isobutanol as the solvent and powdered rubber as the sorbent. The term "chromatograph" includes partition chromatography and ion-exchange chromatography. Specification 661,374 is referred to.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL691355X | 1948-10-23 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB691355A true GB691355A (en) | 1953-05-13 |
Family
ID=19807838
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB26171/49A Expired GB691355A (en) | 1948-10-23 | 1949-10-12 | Improvements in or relating to the treatment of liquids to separate components therefrom |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| BE (1) | BE491772A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB691355A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL77384C (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1025386B (en) * | 1954-11-12 | 1958-03-06 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Process for the continuous separation of dissolved substances of various degrees of dissociation |
| US3231090A (en) * | 1961-05-17 | 1966-01-25 | Technicon Instr | Continuous solvent extraction apparatus |
-
0
- BE BE491772D patent/BE491772A/xx unknown
- NL NL77384D patent/NL77384C/xx active
-
1949
- 1949-10-12 GB GB26171/49A patent/GB691355A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1025386B (en) * | 1954-11-12 | 1958-03-06 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Process for the continuous separation of dissolved substances of various degrees of dissociation |
| US3231090A (en) * | 1961-05-17 | 1966-01-25 | Technicon Instr | Continuous solvent extraction apparatus |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NL77384C (en) | |
| BE491772A (en) |
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