GB653521A - The production of a glyceride mixture suitable for the manufacture of margarine - Google Patents

Abstract

Glyceride mixtures suitable for producing margarine which is spreadable at 50 DEG F. and firm at 70 DEG -90 DEG F., and is not waxy, are made by catalytically rearranging the fatty acid radicals in a triglyceride mixture of a predominantly unsaturated glyceride oil of iodine value 103-140 and saponification value 185-200, crystals consisting predominantly of disaturated-monounsaturated glycerides being present at the beginning of the process, at a temperature below 100 DEG F. and within a range of which the lower limit is the lowest temperature at which a portion of the mixture is liquid and the upper limit is the highest temperature at which disaturated-monounsaturated triglycerides can crystallize as they are formed during the rearrangement, maintaining the temperature within this range until a substantial proportion, e.g. 20-24 per cent, as determined by the described method of solvent fractionation, of intermediate-melting disaturated-monounsaturated glycerides have been formed, inactivating the catalyst, and hydrogenating the resulting glyceride to a cloud point of 18 DEG -27 DEG F. Cottonseed, soybean, sunflower seed, sesame and maize oils may be employed. An example is concerned with mixing chilled cottonseed oil of iodine value 110, saponification value 195, and a cloud point of-3 DEG C. with 0.2 per cent of sodium methoxide as a 10 per cent suspension in xylene, allowing reaction to proceed for 5 days at 40 DEG F., inactivating the sodium methoxide by adding slightly more than the equivalent amount of glacial acetic acid, washing, refining and filtering, and hydrogenating by means of hydrogen gas, at 165 DEG C. in the presence of 0.05 per cent of a nickel-copper hydrogenation catalyst until the cloud point is raised to 22.3 DEG C., a margarine being made from 1,000 parts of the fat so obtained by emulsifying with 5 parts of completely hydrogenated cottonseed oil which has been reacted with glyserol to a combined glycerol content of 14 per cent, 1 part of soybean phosphatides, and 150 parts of buttermilk, chilling on rollers to 50 DEG F., chopping the so congealed emulsion to particle form, and blending the particles with 100 parts of buttermilk and 40 parts of salt. Specification 574,807 is referred to.