GB638457A - Improvements in or relating to photographic emulsions - Google Patents
Improvements in or relating to photographic emulsionsInfo
- Publication number
- GB638457A GB638457A GB3405/48A GB340548A GB638457A GB 638457 A GB638457 A GB 638457A GB 3405/48 A GB3405/48 A GB 3405/48A GB 340548 A GB340548 A GB 340548A GB 638457 A GB638457 A GB 638457A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- emulsion
- dialysis
- colloid
- gelatin
- water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 title abstract 8
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 abstract 6
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 abstract 4
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 abstract 4
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 abstract 4
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 abstract 4
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 abstract 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000004627 regenerated cellulose Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- -1 silver halide Chemical class 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- LNAZSHAWQACDHT-XIYTZBAFSA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-dimethoxy-2-(methoxymethyl)-3-[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-trimethoxy-6-(methoxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6r)-4,5,6-trimethoxy-2-(methoxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxane Chemical compound CO[C@@H]1[C@@H](OC)[C@H](OC)[C@@H](COC)O[C@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](OC)[C@@H](OC)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](OC)[C@H](OC)O[C@@H]2COC)OC)O[C@@H]1COC LNAZSHAWQACDHT-XIYTZBAFSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 abstract 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001241 acetals Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000005215 alkyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011088 parchment paper Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
- G03C1/04—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein with macromolecular additives; with layer-forming substances
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
- Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
638,457. Photographic emulsions. DU. PONT DE NEMOURS & CO., E. 1. Feb. 5. 1948, No. 3405. Convention date, Feb 6, 1947. [Class 98 (ii)] Water-soluble salts are removed from a silver-halide emulsion made with a non- gelling, hydrophilic polymeric colloid by dialysis. The silver halide is precipitated into a solution of the colloid in water, or water with a miscible solvent, in the same way as for gelatin emulsions, and then, since these colloids cannot be alternately set or gelled and melted by temperature changes like gelatin, dialysis replaces the customary chilling, shredding and washing procedure. Suitable polymeric colloids include partially hydrolysed polyvinyl lower fatty acid esters, lower alkyl ethers and acetals ; hydrolysed vinyl ester copolymers with ethylenically unsaturated compounds such as methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate and ethylene, especially the ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymers described in Specification 600,023 ; colour former polymers as described in Specifications 535,341, 593,088, 598,475, 627,353, and 635,294, partially hydrolysed cellulose acetate, methyl cellulose, sodium cellulose glycollate, polyamides as described in Specifications 595,375 and 619,553, and polydioxolanes as described in U.S.A. Specification 2,436,138. The semi-permeable membrane may be uncoated regenerated cellulose film, gelatin, chromated gelatin, parchment paper, denitrated nitrocellulose, collodion, animal membranes and various synthetic resin and superpolymer membranes.. Dialysis may be effected by placing the emulsion containing either all or a part only of the colloid in a cell or bag of regenerated cellulose, arranging this in a perforated frame with walls about a quarter inch apart and shaking the frame while it is surrounded by water, or by continuous flow of emulsion through such narrow plate-supported cells. Diminution of the electrolyte content of the emulsion may be followed by conductivity measurements. When the emulsion includes a solvent such as alcohol, additions of solvent may be made during the dialysis to prevent precipitation of the colloid. Eight examples detail the process and indicate its superiority over acetone or sodium sulphate coagulation and washing processes such as those described in Specification 600,023.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US638457XA | 1947-02-06 | 1947-02-06 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB638457A true GB638457A (en) | 1950-06-07 |
Family
ID=22051897
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB3405/48A Expired GB638457A (en) | 1947-02-06 | 1948-02-05 | Improvements in or relating to photographic emulsions |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB638457A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1075943B (en) * | 1958-01-10 | 1960-02-18 | Ionics | Process for cleaning emulsions for photographic purposes |
| DE1079452B (en) * | 1958-01-10 | 1960-04-07 | Ionics | Process for making photographic emulsions |
-
1948
- 1948-02-05 GB GB3405/48A patent/GB638457A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1075943B (en) * | 1958-01-10 | 1960-02-18 | Ionics | Process for cleaning emulsions for photographic purposes |
| DE1079452B (en) * | 1958-01-10 | 1960-04-07 | Ionics | Process for making photographic emulsions |
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