[go: up one dir, main page]

GB498201A - A process for the manufacture and revivification of active carbonaceous material - Google Patents

A process for the manufacture and revivification of active carbonaceous material

Info

Publication number
GB498201A
GB498201A GB28350/37A GB2835037A GB498201A GB 498201 A GB498201 A GB 498201A GB 28350/37 A GB28350/37 A GB 28350/37A GB 2835037 A GB2835037 A GB 2835037A GB 498201 A GB498201 A GB 498201A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
acid
reaction
sulphuric acid
kgs
litres
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB28350/37A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
OCTROOIEN MIJ ACTIVIT NV
Original Assignee
OCTROOIEN MIJ ACTIVIT NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by OCTROOIEN MIJ ACTIVIT NV filed Critical OCTROOIEN MIJ ACTIVIT NV
Publication of GB498201A publication Critical patent/GB498201A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B32/00Carbon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B32/30Active carbon
    • C01B32/312Preparation
    • C01B32/342Preparation characterised by non-gaseous activating agents
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B32/00Carbon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B32/30Active carbon
    • C01B32/354After-treatment
    • C01B32/36Reactivation or regeneration

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

An active carbonaceous colloid is made or revivified by adding to oxygen-containing carbonizable material, e.g. wood, wood refuse, peat, lignite, bagasse, molasses, straw, mineral coal, grain and seed husks &c., sulphuric acid, oleum, phosphoric acid or their strong aqueous solutions which have been preheated, and in an amount not exceeding twice the weight of the carbonizable material. Usually, a spontaneous exothermic reaction ensues which should preferably not exceed 15 minutes, and the temperature should preferably not exceed 350 DEG C. The nature of the products is influenced by the water-content of the components and the extent to which the acids are preheated. A diluted acid should be preheated to a greater extent, in any case preferably over 40 DEG C., and the higher the temperature to which the acid is preheated the more nearly the product approaches active carbon. During the reaction, carbonization and hydration occur, and when sulphuric acid is used, sulphonation to a very slight degree also occurs. To assist moistening, the acid may be diluted, e.g. with extracts from the material manufactured or with solutions of inorganic salts, and these diluents may be added before or during the mixing with the carbonizable bodies. It is advantageous if heat is developed thereby. The reaction is preferably carried out in a substantially closed mixing vat, in which an initial increase of pressure is allowed to develop, to assist mixing. The reaction vessel may be heated to compensate for heat losses, to assist evaporation of water or to support or initiate the reaction, but this heating should not be used to increase the reaction temperature. The carbonizable material is preferably pre-dried, either partially or completely, and may also be partially carbonized or pre-treated with dehydrating chemicals, in several stages if desired. Mineral coal or used active carbonaceous material requires strong heating and/or dehydration of the components. Storage of the reaction product before washing improves its properties. The products possess ion-exchange properties and also act as adsorbents or as decolourizing agents or to absorb gummy or froth-forming substances. According to examples: (1) 40 kgs. of sawdust were mixed with 25 litres of 60 DEG B<\>ae. sulphuric acid, preheated to 70 DEG C. in an autoclave with a stirrer and a 1 1/2 inch free outlet. When all the acid was added and mixed for 3 minutes, an explosion occurred with an increase of pressure to 1 1/2 atmospheres; (2) 30 kgs. of sawdust were dried in a similar autoclave at 150 DEG C. after which 30 litres of 66 DEG B<\>ae. sulphuric acid heated to 150 DEG C. were added. A violent reaction occurred, and after 15 minutes, the mass was removed, left in contact with water and then leached. These products may be used for the general decolourizing and purifying of thick sugar juice, but the product of example 1 is not suitable for decolourizing remelted sugars; (3) 40 kgs. of sawdust were treated with 25 litres of 60 DEG B<\>ae. sulphuric acid heated to 150 DEG C., as described in the first example; (4) 40 kgs. of pine-wood shavings were mixed with 70 litres of 60 DEG B<\>ae. sulphuric acid at ordinary temperatures, stored for 24 hours in a closed vat and the excess acid then removed. The black mass was then treated according to the second example; (5) 66 DEG B<\>ae. sulphuric acid was heated in a closed vat until a pressure of 2 atmospheres was developed. 30 litres were then sprayed into a closed autoclave containing 30 kgs. of sawdust. Specification 306,490, [Class 90], is referred to.ALSO:An active carbonaceous colloid is made or revivified by adding to oxygen-containing carbonizable material, e.g. wood, wood-refuse, peat, lignite, bagasse, molasses, straw, mineral coal, grain and seed husks, &c., sulphuric acid, oleum, phosphoric acid or their strong aqueous solutions which have been preheated, and in an amount not exceeding twice the weight of the carbonizable material. Usually, a spontaneous exothermic reaction ensues which should preferably not exceed 15 minutes, and the temperature should preferably not exceed 350 DEG C. The nature of the products is influenced by the water content of the compounds, and the extent to which the acids are preheated. A dilute acid should be preheated to a greater extent, in any case preferably over 40 DEG C., and the higher the temperature to which the acid is preheated, the more nearly the product approaches active carbon. During the reaction, carbonization and hydration occur, and when sulphuric acid is used, sulphonation to a very slight extent also occurs. To assist moistening, the acid may be diluted, e.g. with extracts from the material made or with inorganic salt solutions, and these diluents may be added before or during the mixing with the carbonizable bodies. It is advantageous if heat is developed thereby. The reaction is preferably carried out in a substantially closed mixing vat, in which an initial increase of pressure is allowed to develop, to assist mixing. The reaction vessel may be heated to compensate for heat losses, to assist the evaporation of water or to support or initiate the reaction, but this heating should not be used to increase the reaction temperature. The carbonizable material is preferably pre-dried, either partially or completely, and may also be partially carbonized or pre-treated with dehydrating chemicals, in several stages if desired. Mineral coal or used active carbonaceous material requires strong heating and/or dehydration of the components. Storage of the reaction product before washing improves its properties. The products possess ion-exchanging properties and also act as adsorbents or as decolourizing agents or to absorb gummy or froth-forming substances. According to examples: (1) 40 kgs. of sawdust were mixed with 25 litres of 60 DEG B<\>ae. sulphuric acid, preheated to 70 DEG C., in an autoclave with a stirrer and a 1 1/2 inch free outlet. When all the acid was added and mixed for 3 minutes, an explosion occurred with increase of pressure to 1 1/2 atmospheres; (2) 30 kgs. sawdust were dried in a similar autoclave at 150 DEG C., after which 30 litres of 66 DEG B<\>ae. sulphuric acid heated to 150 DEG C. were added. A violent reaction occurred and after 15 minutes the mas was removed, left in contact with water and then leached. These products may be used for the general decolourizing and purifying of thick sugar juice, but the product of example (1) is not suitable for decolourizing remelted sugars; (3) 40 kgs. sawdust were treated with 25 litres of 60 DEG B<\>ae. sulphuric acid heated to 150 DEG C., as described in the first example; (4) 40 kgs. of pine-wood shavings were mixed with 70 litres of 60 DEG B<\>ae. sulphuric acid at ordinary temperatures, stored for 24 hours in a closed vat and the excess acid then removed. The black mass was then treated according to the second example; (5) 66 DEG B<\>ae. sulphuric acid was heated in a closed vat until a pressure of 2 atmospheres was developed. 30 litres were then sprayed into a closed autoclave containing 30 kgs. of sawdust. Specification 306,490, [Class 90], is referred to.
GB28350/37A 1936-10-24 1937-10-18 A process for the manufacture and revivification of active carbonaceous material Expired GB498201A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL498201X 1936-10-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB498201A true GB498201A (en) 1939-01-04

Family

ID=19786753

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB28350/37A Expired GB498201A (en) 1936-10-24 1937-10-18 A process for the manufacture and revivification of active carbonaceous material

Country Status (1)

Country Link
GB (1) GB498201A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109231204A (en) * 2018-09-29 2019-01-18 华中科技大学 A kind of method of biomass substep activation preparation porous charcoal

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109231204A (en) * 2018-09-29 2019-01-18 华中科技大学 A kind of method of biomass substep activation preparation porous charcoal

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3212933A (en) Hydrolysis of lignocellulose materials with solvent extraction of the hydrolysate
US3212932A (en) Selective hydrolysis of lignocellulose materials
US3932166A (en) Landfill and soil conditioner
US3251716A (en) Hydrolysis of lignocellulose materials with concentrated hydrochloric acid
CS272763B2 (en) Method of activated carbon production
GB498201A (en) A process for the manufacture and revivification of active carbonaceous material
US2191060A (en) Carbonaceous zeolite and the preparation thereof
US2264654A (en) Process of treating alging material for the production of useful products
US2291226A (en) Production of polar adsorbents
US2008148A (en) Structural activated carbon and process of making same
US1542006A (en) Decolorizing carbon particularly for medicinal use
CN104310394A (en) Method for preparing activated carbon from waste mushroom residue
US1472320A (en) Process for preparing a fodder from straw or other materials characterized by their contents of raw fiber
US1383755A (en) Process of producing decolorizing-carbon
US1396773A (en) Process of making a purifying agent
US1921297A (en) Process of manufacturing activated carbon
US2198380A (en) Carbonized tannin material for water softening and process of making same
US1298479A (en) Process for the treatment of waste liquors from soda pulp processes, &amp;c.
US2485352A (en) Method of making an ion-exchange material from light oil acid sluidges
US1729162A (en) Manufacture of vegetable char
US1941760A (en) Method of producing valuable prod
US2284593A (en) Process for decolorizing solutions
US1575703A (en) Process for the manufacture of a highly-active decolorizing charcoal
US1905686A (en) Method of preparing carbon and product thereof
US2025367A (en) Process of manufacturing active carbon