GB495900A - Improvements in the manufacture and production of allyl chloride - Google Patents

Abstract

Allyl chloride is produced by reacting excess of propane or propyl chloride or mixtures thereof with chlorine at 500-700 DEG C. in the presence of a metal catalyst which is stable to hydrogen chloride. Suitable catalysts are chromium - nickel and chromium - nickel - iron alloys, platinum, rhodium, silver, tungsten, tantalum, niobium, osmium, and alloys containing these metals. They may be used in the form of netting, rolled-up netting, spirals, threads, granules, balls, or cuttings. Shaped carrier materials may be used carrying a coating of these metals having good heat conductivity, and a thin coating of lustrous carbon may be produced on the surface of the metal, for instance by burning-in a thin layer of brown coal tar. The reagents may be introduced separately into the apparatus, being mixed a short distance in front of the catalyst, and one or both may be preheated. The preheating should be such that the mixture is at at least 150 DEG C., and the mixture is passed rapidly over the catalyst which is initially at at least 350 DEG C., but may be at the reaction temperature. The heating of the catalyst is discontinued when the reaction starts, and cooling may be applied if necessary. In examples, the reaction of chlorine with propane, propane mixed with propylene, and propyl chloride mixed with propylene respectively is described. The chlorine is led in through a narrow perforated tube within an outer tube which receives the other reagent (preheated), the catalyst being rolled-up chromium-nickel wire netting.