GB451341A - Improvements in or relating to processes and apparatus for the cracking of hydrocarbons, oils, tars and coal-oil suspensions and to the manufacture of colloidal and like fuels - Google Patents

Abstract

<PICT:0451341/III/1> <PICT:0451341/III/2> A fluid coal-oil suspension is obtained by passing mixtures of oils and solid carbonaceous materials, e.g. coal, preheated in a heat exchanger 26 through a series of annular pressure vessels 20 provided with vertically arranged helical stirrers so that a high circumferential velocity is imparted to the materials independent of their flow through the vessels. The vapours evolved pass through lines 23, 24 into a rectifying column 25, 29 surmounted by condensers 28, 30, and the condensates flow through coolers 31, 32, separator 33 and measurer 34 to storage. The suspension flows from the last vessel through a line 3 into an expansion chamber 1 where it passes through the flared end of the pipe 3 opening in the centre of a fixed disc 5 covered by a rotating disc 7 rotated by a gear wheel 10 and pressed against the disc 5 by a thrust ball bearing 11 carrying a ring 12 forming part of a lever 13 loaded by an adjustable weight 14. The temperature of the suspension in the vessels is increased in the direction of flow, temperatures of 270, 350, 400, and 450 DEG C. being specified for four containers in series. Specifications 323,773, [Class 32], 396,054, 427,558, and 436,380 are referred to.