GB339681A - Improvements in the separation of oil from solid carbonaceous material - Google Patents

Abstract

339,681. Johnson, J. Y., (I. G. Farbenindustrie Akt.-Ges.). Sept. 13, 1929. Mineral and tar oils, extracting; oils, recovering.-Mixtures of oil and carbonaceous matter, obtained for example by destructive hydrogenation of coal, brown coal, tar, &c., or by refining oils with active carbon or with bleaching earth, are filtered at an elevated temperature through a layer of powdered or granular material or through two or more fine mesh filters, and the filter residue, is freed from oil by distillation at low temperature, by extraction with solvents, or by emulsification. Filtering materials specified are sand, granulated silica and silicates, metal powders such as iron filings, powdered slag or natural minerals, bundles of wire, and coke powder. Solvents specified are benzene and gasoline. Emulsifying agents specified are aromatic sulphonic acids or their salts, preferably alkylated and polycyclic. Filtration may be aided by vacuum or pressure, and may be effected in an atmosphere of nitrogen, carbon dioxide, flue gas, &c. Temperatures specified are 180-250‹ C., or 200‹ C., or by working at 350‹ C., filtration and distillation are effected in one operation. In the example, a brown coal hydrogenation sludge containing 60 per cent oil and asphalt is filtered through a 2 cm. layer of quartz sand (0.5 to 2 mm. grains) supported on an iron sieve, plate and covered by wire netting. Carbon dioxide is led through the space above the filter. The filter vessel is heated electrically, and filtration commences at 150‹ C. Distillation commences at 250‹ C. and is completed under reduced pressure of 300 mm. at 350‹ C. One form of apparatus comprises a filtering vessel with an electrically heated jacket K, inlets Band L for oily matter and for non-oxidizing gas, outlets C and D for vaporized oil and for the filtrate, perforated plates G1, G2 enclosing a layer of sand, a wire gauze J resting on the plate G2, a receiver E for the oil, condensers F1, F2 and pipe M leading to a vacuum pump.