GB255159A - Improvements in or relating to the cracking and hydrogenation of hydrocarbon oils - Google Patents

Abstract

255,159. Wallace, G. W. April 17, 1925. Hydrocarbons, cracking; hydrogenation, destructive.-Hydrocarbon oils are cracked by vaporizing them in a chamber and passing the vapours in countercurrent through a heated inert material such as carbon briquettes or pieces of carbon, firebrick, alumina, &c. which is impelled mechanically through the chamber. The material may be coated or treated with a catalyst such as nickel and, if hydrogenation is desired, hydrogen or steam may be passed with the vapours. The chamber 1 which may be horizontal or inclined is supplied with the inert material from a hopper 6 by a piston 4 or by a screw conveyer, which discharges the material into a second chamber 1<b>. Oil is supplied through a nozzle 11 or a pipe 9 and vapours are withdrawn through a pipe 8. The chamber 1 is heated externally or by passage through it of products of combustion from a surface-combustion burner of the kind described in Specification 233,395 attached to the opening 12 or by partial combustion of the oil supplied to the nozzle 11 or by combustion of residual products &c. in the materials in the chamber 1<b> by air, steam, or gas supplied by a pipe 15. The inert material may be broken up by rollers 14 and quenched by water from a pipe 21 prior to being discharged and returned to the hopper 6. Gases formed in the chamber 1<b> by action of air and steam on the residual materials may either pass through the chamber 1 or may be withdrawn through an outlet 19 and used heating purposes.