GB2525626A - Composition and method for inhalable nutritional element - Google Patents

Abstract

A compound comprising at least one or more organic or inorganic nutrient and/or electrolyte which is formulated for inhalation into the respiratory system. Preferably the nutrient compound is of a form that is easily absorbed into the blood stream by diffusion through the respiratory system. The compound may be insufflate nasally and absorbed through the mucous membrane. The compound may be in powder or liquid form, and carried to the respiratory passages by devices such as an aerosol, nebulizer or vaporizer. The nutrient components particles are preferably 5-10 um in diameter or less. The compound can be supplied alongside conventional medicine. The organic nutrient may include carbohydrate, fats, protein (or amino acids), and vitamins and inorganic compounds such as dietary minerals.

Description

Composition and Method for Inhalable Nutritional Element

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention pertains to the composition and method for a nutritional content component containing elements in a form that can be administered by the inhaled route S for direct passive exchange by diffusion between the gaseous external environment of the respiratory track and the blood of a human being.

BACKGROUNG OF THE INVENTION

Humans must consume vitamins periodically but with differing schedule to avoid deficiency. Deficiencies of vitamins are classified as either primary or secondary. A primary deficiency occurs when an organism does not get enough of the vitamin in its food. A secondary deficiency may be due to an underlying disorder that prevents or limits the absorption or use of the vitamins due to a lifestyle factor, such as smoking, alcohol consumption or the use of medications that interfere with the absorption or the use of vitamins. Vitamins deficiencies have the potential to cause prolonged and potentially deadly diseases.

There are a wide range of different conditions that can produce malabsorption in the gastrointestinal tract and often, replacement of nutrients, electrolyte and fluid may be necessary. Also conventional oral administration can be prohibited by nausea. In severe deficiency, hospital admission may be required for nutritional support. Use of enteral nutrition by nas-gastric or other feedings tubes may be required to provide sufficient nutritional supplementation. Treatment for malabsorption is directed largely towards management of underlying cause.

In the gastro-intestinal (01) tract, the intestinal villi are responsible for absorption. There are small, anemones like protrusion from the epithelial lining of the intestinal wall. Villi increase the internal surface area of the intestinal walls which increase absorption.

Increased absorptive area is useful because digested nutrients (including monosaccharide and amino acids) pass into the semipermeable villi through diffusion.

The villi are connected to the blood vessels so the circulating blood then carries these nutrients away. Equally, the lungs have a total surface area of about 70 square meters in adults to increase absorption of the inhaled air through diffusion where oxygen moves from the alveoli to the blood through the capillaries Virtually all nutrients, including all amino acids and sugars, enter the body by crossing the enterocytes (the absorptive cells found in the small intestine) that make up the epithelium layer that covers each and every villi. There are two routes by which molecules make their way from small intestine into the bloodstream: -The transcellular route -across the plasma membrane of the enterocytes.

-The paracellular route -across tight junctions between the enterocytes.

For most part, the tight junctions of the Para cellular route are impermeable to large organic molecules such as dietary amino acids and glucose (mm) Those types of molecules are transported exclusively by the transcellular route. Transcellular absorption of nutrients can take place by active transport or by diffusion. Diffusion occurs simply through random molecular movement.

Fats, instead of diffusing into the capillaries, make their way into the lacteals, the lymphatic vessels present in each villus. From there, they drain from the intestine and rapidly flow through the lymphatic system and ultimately into the bloodstream by way of the thoracic duct. Lymphatic capillaries are present in almost every tissue of the body.

Only a few regions, including the epidermis of the skin, the mucous membranes, the bone marrow, and the central nervous system, are free of lymphatic capillaries, whereas regions such as the lungs, gut, genitourinary system, and dermis of the skin are densely packed with these vessels.

The key to the absorption of most nutrients in the small intestine is the electrochemical pump powered by electrolytes (mainly sodium). Every single cell in the body is required to maintain a low concentration of sodium inside the cell (with a correspondingly high concentration of sodium out of the cell for the purpose of osmosis) which is required for the movement of nutrients into the cell and waste out.

The blood vessel absorb the nutrients from the villi and carry them to the veins in two ways: 1 through the portal vein into the liver, where it penetrates every part of the liver, then passes out through the hepatic vein into the veins near the heart and 2nd through the lacteals, and empty into the subclavian vein. Then, the venous blood, supplied from the lacteals with new material, enters the heart and out through the pulmonary artery into the lungs, where, as purple venous blood, it penetrates the most remote capillaries. If the lungs be full of fresh air, the oxygen changes the purple blood into red blood, and burns up the impurities. The waste products of the combustion of carbon and hydrogen are expelled from the lungs at every breath in the form of C02 and H20 vapour; and not until now can the nutritional elements in the blood, obtained from the food, become in reality food, or perfect blood.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention provides a number of features that has found to have the potential of administering a dose of essential nutrient(s) in conjunction with or without conventional drugs most suited but not limited to bypassing conventional ways of administration. The invention provided herein is for inhalational nutrient(s) for nutritional purposes.

There is provided an atypical method of providing nutrients to the organism bypassing the conventional digestive system. This allows for a novel way of providing the organism with the essential nutriments required by the body through inhalation with added benefit of allowing the nutriments to bypass the first-pass metabolism and therefore nutrients are absorbed directly into the systemic circulation for an instantaneously parenteral action. Moreover, by bypassing the GI tract, a much smaller dose can be administered with the same effect of a conventional intake of supplements through the digestive track.

The invention herein discloses an advantageous process of bypassing the GI tract and therefore gaining a direct access to the red blood. This process can be use when states arise from suspected abnormality in absorption of food nutrients across the gastrointestinal (GI) tract but also for a wider range of situation wherein the added benefit of direct nutritional absorption is preferred. Moreover, the manufacturing of such content compound alongside conventional drugs or recreational elements could give the health conscious users a sense of well-being.

The nutrient(s) contained in the content compound must be processed using known techniques to break down the nutritional compounds to their simplest form, one that can be readily found in the blood and conglomerate them to a specific size for optimum diffusion. Only then the content compound can be integrated in device for inhalation.

Example of simple form nutrients can be simple sugars, amino-acids, fatty acids, any of the thirteen vitamins and sixteen essential minerals. Method of combining nutritional content compound can include a preparation of a solution for an aerosol form and powder form for readily mixing the nutrient(s) with conventional inhaling products found in conventional devices such as but not limited to nebulizer, meter-dose inhaler, dry powder inhaler, capsule, vaporizer, medical ventilator, nasal spray, etc. The lung deposition characteristics and efficacy of an aerosol depend largely on the particle and droplet size. Generally the smaller the particle is the greater its chance of peripheral penetration and retention. However, for very fine particle below O.5um in diameter, there is a chance of avoiding deposition altogether and being exhaled.

Studies have suggested that particles of more than 10 urn in diameter are rnost likely to deposit in the mouth and throat, for those of 5-bum diarneter a transition from rnouth to airways deposition occurs, and particles smaller than Sum in diameter deposit more frequently in the lower airways and are more appropriate for pharmaceutical aerosols.

Olfactory transfer can be used for delivery of drugs that have a required effect in the central nervous system. [such as B vitamins complex.] The present invention could find its way to the ever increasing electronic cigarette market wherein the inhaling product could contains all sort of nutrients mainly vitamin(s) and/or mineral(s) proven to be beneficial to the health with the added effect of targeting certain conditions associated with a lack of vitamin(s) and/or shown to be treated with vitamin(s). A wide range of products can be developed per each family of nutrients.

The invention described herein could also be used alongside conventional inhaled drugs such as nicotine. It has been shown that vitamins C helps with the protection of the lining of the lungs and therefore the addition of the aforementioned macronutrient within the composition of the vaporizer would create a totally new product to market for the pharmaceutical and /or the e-cigarette industry.

Last but not least, dedicated sprays, inhalers and/or vaporizer could be developed to offer nutritional complements with added benefit of virtually instantaneous absorption of said nutrients for a wide range of use from sports enthusiasts to medically impaired patient to more critical scenarios such as long space missions where nutrition plays an essential role in the health and safety of the astronauts.

Claims (1)

1. Claims: 1 -A content compound element comprising of at least one or more of any organic nutrient(s) such as carbohydrate, fats, protein (or amino acids), vitamins, inorganic S compounds such as dietary minerals, macro nutrient, micronutrient, nutrient and/or electrolyte which is formulated for inflation into the respiratory apparatus.

   2 -Any nutrients of claim 1 wherein said nutrient is in form readily absorbable in the blood stream by diffusion through the respiratory apparatus.

   3 -A content component as per claim 1 to 2 wherein the nutritional compound is composed of material powder or liquid inhalant carried into the respiratory passages by devices such as aerosols, nebulizer, vaporizer and any other apparatus use for inhaling a content compound.

   4 -A content component as per claim 1 to 3 wherein the said element can be insuff late nasally for the purpose of intranasal absorption through the mucous membrane.

   5 -A content component as per claim 4 wherein the said element can be insuff late nasally for the purpose of a systemic effect.

   6 -A nutritional element according to claim 1 to 5 wherein the nutritional content components particles has a diameter comprise between 5-10 um or lesser than Sum.

   7 -A nutritional content component according to claims 1 wherein the absorbable nutrient(s) molecules are processed in a conglomerate to have a diameter between 5 and 10 um or lesser than 5 um.

   8 -A content compound according to any preceding claims wherein the nutritional content compound gains direct access to red blood bypassing all conventional way of absorption.

   9 -A content component according to any proceeding claims wherein the nutrients can be supplied alongside recreational element in apparatus such as vaporizer.-A content component according to any proceeding claims wherein the nutritional content component can be supplied alongside conventional medicine.

   S

   11 -A content compound according to any proceeding claims wherein the inhaled nutritional content compound is absorbed in the body instantaneously.

   12 -A Liquid for a vaporizer wherein the content compound of the liquid for vaporizing in the respiratory tract contains at least one or more nutrient(s) as per described in any of the preceding claims.

   13 -A powder for an inhaler wherein the content compound of the powder for inhalation contains at least one or more nutrient(s) as described in any of the preceding claims.