GB2505765A

GB2505765A - A suspended concrete platform with platform formworks

Info

Publication number: GB2505765A
Application number: GB1312702.2A
Authority: GB
Inventors: Donato Tartaglione; Donato Alessandro Tartaglione
Original assignee: SUSCOM IND Ltd
Current assignee: SUSCOM IND Ltd
Priority date: 2012-07-16
Filing date: 2013-07-16
Publication date: 2014-03-12
Anticipated expiration: 2033-07-16
Also published as: GB201312702D0; GB2505765B; GB201212611D0

Abstract

A method of laying a suspended concrete platform comprises laying a plurality of adjacent platform formworks or domed building elements (100, figure 1). The platforms formworks have a platform portion 102 and at least two elevation portions 104 extending from the platform portion, and the elevation portions each have a foot region. Adjacent elevation portions intersect to define arches 110 which define side apertures 112. The platform portion and the elevation portions are arranged so that when the foot regions are rested on a surface a cavity is defined beneath the platform portion and above the surface. The concrete platform is created by pouring a concrete layer over the platform formworks such that the side apertures provide access from the cavity under one of the platform formworks to the cavity under an adjacent formwork. Other claims relate to a suspended concrete platform, a platform formwork, a method of laying a footing system, and a footing system.

Description

I

FOOTING SYSTEM

The present invention relates to the field of construction and in particular to foundations, footings and suspended platforms. More specifically the invention relates to footing systems, a method of laying a footing system, a platform formwork, a suspended platform system and a method of assembling a suspended platform system.

It is known to use platform formworks to create a raised platform suitable for the laying of flooring layers or similar. Platform formworks may provide a relatively inexpensive, quick and easy way to provide a raised floor, especially in comparison to traditional suspended conercle or limber systems. Platform formworks may also allow for the safe capture and dissipation of gases (such as radon rising from tile ground) and assist with thenno-regulation.

Once the platform formworks arc laid and foundation carthworks performed, concrete is poured to provide the foundation and a concrete layer over the platform forrnworks.

If appropriate walls are then built on the foundation and additional flooring layers (e.g. a screed) are laid on the concrete over the platform formworks.

According to a first aspect of the invention a method of laying a suspended concrete platform is provided optioiially comprising the steps of: a) optionally laying at lcast one platform formwork having: -optionally a platform portion, and -optionally extending from the platform portion, at least two elevation portions, each optionally having a foot region, wherein adjacent elevation portions optionally intersect to define arches which define side apertures in the platform fonnwork and wherein the platform portion and the elevation portions are optionally arranged so that when the foot regions are rested on a surface, a cavity is defined beneath the platform portion, b) optionally pouring a concrete layer over the platform formworks.

Such a method may be advantageous over existing methods whereby once the concrete layer is set additional work may be required to gain access below the concrete layer for remedial work in and around the platform forrnworks (potentially including the (jigging up of a foundation or base layer). Using the present method a foundation or base layer and the concrete layer may be structurally independent Further remedial work may be easier and less expensive in view of the combined use of the platforni formworks and the structurally independent concrete layer.

Typically, the foot region will be at an end region of an elevation portion. However, in some embodiments, it is conceivable that the foot region may be provided along the length of the elevation portion such that a portion of the elevation portion is arranged, in use, to be pushed into the ground on which the platform formwork is placed until the foot portion engages that ground.

In some embodiments, the cavity underneath a formwork may be accessible from the cavity of an adjacent platform formwork via the side apertures. The cavity may be further sized to accommodate a person in the cavity and the side apertures may be sized to allow a person to move between cavities through the side apertures. This may provide access to the whole of the space underneath the raised platform from a single access point.

In some cmbodiments the method further comprises filling one or more pilaster cavities with concrete as part of the pouring of the concrete layer, the pilaster cavities being defined by rebated portions of the elevation portions. The pilasters (or pillars) may bear some or all of the load of the concrete layer, transferring it to a surface below the platform formworks. Filling the cavities in conjunction with pouring the concrete layer may be convenient and may also mean that the pilasters are contiguous with the concrete layer. This may add to the strength of the overall system.

In some embodiments the nwthod further comprises pouring concrete into one or more of the pilaster cavities before generally covering the platform formworks. This may help to ensure that the pilaster cavities are filled and may also assist in producing an cven concrete layer.

In some embodiments the method further comprises interlocking the platform formworks as they are laid. This niay give the suspended platforni increased strength and may create a continuous surface for the pouring of the concrete layer.

In some embodiments the method further comprises laying a reinforcement over the platform formworks before the concrete layer is poured. The reinforcement may for example be a mesh. This may allow the concrete layer to be reinforced and therefore strengthened.

In some embodiments the method further comprises laying one or more utility pipes and/or cables under the platform formworks. The pipes and/or cables may be laid before, during or after laying of the platform formworks. The platform formworks may create a void in which pipes and/or cables can be placed and concealed. Laying the pipes and/or cables as part of the suspended platform may be convenient and reduce further work.

In some embodiments the method further comprises passing one or more of the cables and/or pipes through one or more of the platform formworks. This may allow a pipe and/or cable to be made available at a point where it is required in a structure to be built on the suspended platform.

In some embodiments the method further comprises setting part of a pipe or cable passing through one or more of the platform formworks in the concrete layer. This may secure the pipe or cable and/or provide protection for it.

In some embodiments the method further comprises laying at least one platform formwork that has a man-hole to permit access to a cavity beneath the platform portion of the platform formwork. Such embodiments may make working on the suspended platform considerably easier, for example when replacing or re-positioning pipes or cables laid beneath the platform portion of one or more of the platform formworks.

In some embodiments the method further comprises pouring the concrete layer so as to define one or more access points in the concrete layer, the access points having a reduced depth or no concrete. Where there is little or no concrete, access may be more easily gained to the platform formworks and or cavities beneath the platform portions of the platform formworks. This may mean that remedial work on or around the suspended platform is easier.

In some embodiments the access points are created using shuttering around which the concrete is poured. This may be a convenient method of producing the points.

In some embodiments the method further comprises pouring the concrete layer so as at least part of the access point is above the platform formwork that is provided with the man hole. Alignment of an access point and a man hole in this way may make accessing the cavities beneath platform portions of the platform formworks easier, without the need for significant/any destruction of the concrete layer.

In some embodiments, laying at least one platform formwork may comprise: providing stilts on a concrete base layer, the stilts comprising a base region and a head region, and laying the at least one platform formworks such that each foot region of a platform formwork rests on a different stilt. The base region may be a concrete base layer. In this way a cavity of greater height may be formed than with the platform formwork alone.

According to some embodiments, the suspended platform may be a footing system.

According to a second aspect of the invention there is provided a suspendcd concrete platform comprising: at least one platform formwork, and a concrete layer over the platform formworks, wherein the at least one platform forniwork comprises: a platform portion, and extending from the platform portion, at least two elevation portions, each having a foot region at its base, wherein adjacent elevation portions intersect to define arches which define side apertures in the platform formwork and wherein the platform portion and the elevation por ions are arranged so that when the foot regions are rested on a surface, a cavity is defined beneath the platform portion Such a platform may be advantageous over existing platforms in which additional work may be required to gain access below the concrete layer for remedial work in and around the platform formworks (potentially including the digging up of foundations). Using the present method a foundation or base and the concrete layer may be structurally independent Further remedial work niay be easier and less expensive in view of the combined use of the platform formworks and the structurally independent concrete layer.

In some embodiments, the cavity underneath a formwork may be accessible from the cavity of an adjacent platform formwork via the side apertures. The cavity may be further sized to accommodate a person in the cavity and the side aperures may be sized to allow a person to move between cavities through the side apertures. This may provide access to the whole of the space underneath the raised platform from a single access point.

In some embodiments the concrete layer may comprise one or more pilasters, the pilaster cavities being defined by rebated portions of the elevation portions. The pilasters (or pillars) may bear some or all of the load of the concrete layer, transferring it to a surface below the platform formworks. The pilaster cavities may be a convenient way of forming suitably sized and shaped pilasters during the pouring of the concrete layer. The pilasters may be concrete and contiguous with the concrete layer, potentially adding strength to the system.

In sonic embodiments the platform formworks may be interlocked. This may give the suspended platform increased strength and may create a continuous surface for the pouring of the concrete layer.

In some embodiments some embodiments, the concrete layer may be reinforced. The reinforcement may for example be a mesh. This may allow the concrete layer to be reinforced and therefore strengthened.

In some embodiments the suspended platform may comprise one or more utility pipes and/or cables under the platform formworks. The platform formworks may create a void in which pipes and/or cables can be placed and concealed. Laying the pipes and/or cables as part of the suspended platform may be convenient and reduce further In some embodiments one or more of the cables and/or pipes passes through one or more of the platform formworks. This may allow a pipe and/or cable to be made available at a point where it is required in a structure to be built on the suspended platform.

In some embodiments part of at least one pipe or cable passing through one or more of the platform formworks is set in the concrete layer. This may secure the pipe or cable and or provide protection for it.

In some embodiments one or more of the platform formworks has a man-hole to permit access to a cavity beneath a platform portion of the platform formwork. Such embodiments may make working on the suspended platform considerably easier, for cxample when replacing or re-positioning pipes or cables laid beneath the platform portions of the platform forrnworks.

In some embodiments the suspended platform further comprises one or more access points in the concrete layer, the access points having a reduced depth or no concrete.

Where there is little or no concrete, access may be more easily gained to the platform formworks and or cavities beneath the platform portions of the platform formworks.

This may mean that remedial work on or around the suspended platform is easier.

In some embodiments at least part of the access point is above a platform formworlc that is provided with a man hole to permit access to a cavity beneath the platform portion of the platform formwork. Alignment of an access point and a man hole in this way may make accessing the cavities beneath the platform portions of the platform formworks easier, without the need for significant/any destruction of the concrete layer.

In some embodiments, the suspended platform may comprise stilts provided on a concrete base layer, the stilts comprising a base region and a head region, and laying the at least one platform formworks such that each foot region of a platform formwork rests on a different stilt. The base region may be a concrete base layer. In this way a cavity of greater height may be formed than with the platform formwork alone.

In some embodiments the suspended platform may be a footing system, for example a footing system for a building. The building may be domestic or commercial. In other embodinients, the raised platform may be for use with roads, runways, bridges, area coverings or other structures.

According to a third aspect of the invention there is provided a platform formwork.

Typically the platform forrnwork will comprise a platforni portion and extending from the platform portion, at least two elevation portions. Conveniently, each of the elevation portions has a foot region at an end region thereof. Conveniently, the elevation portions are arranged, in use, to engage with an adjacent platform formwork.

Further, the elevation portions typically define side apertures through which access can be gained to an underside of the platform portion from outside a plan area of the platform formwork. As such, it is convenient if the elevation portions arc further arranged such that, in use, they define an arch to an adjacent platform forrnwork through which access can be gained to the neighbouring formwork.

According to a fourth aspect of the invention a method of laying a footing system is provided optionally comprising the steps of: a) optionally laying at least one platform formwork optionally having: -optionally a platform portion, and -optionally extending from the platform portion, at least two elevation portions, each optionally having a foot region at its base, wherein adjacent elevation portions optionally intersect to define arches which define side apertures in the platform formwork and wherein the platform portion and the elevation portions are optionally arranged so that when the foot regions are rested on a surface, a cavity is defined beneath the platform portion, and b) optionally pouring either optionally (i) a concrete layer ovcr the platform formworks, or optionally (ii) a concrete foundation around at least a portion of the platform formworks, c) optionally performing the non-completed step (i) or (ii) optionally having waited for the concrete poured to set and/or optionally ensuring that there is a delimitation between at least a part of the concrete poured in steps (i) and (ii), so that there is optionally a discontinuation between at least part of the concrete layer and at least part of the concrete foundation.

Such a method may be advantageous over existing methods whereby if a concrete layer is provided it is poured with the foundation, producing a single concrete structure. The single concrete structure may place limitations on the nature of the concrete mix that can be used (i.e. it must be strong mix in view of the requirement that it can perform as foundation). Further once the concrete is set additional work may be required to gain access below the concrete layer for remedial work in and around the platfonn forrnworks (potentially including the digging up of foundations).

Using the present method the foundation and concrete layer may be structurally independent (for exan-iple they niay be discontinuous when set). This may allow concrete mixes to be used that are better suited to their respective purposes. Further remedial work may be easier and less expensive in view of the combined use of the platform formworks and the structurally independent concrete layer.

As will be appreciated the steps of the first aspect may be performed in any order. The concrete foundation may for example be poured before the laying of the platform forrnworks.

The delimitation may for example be provided by shuttering, earthworks, or an intervening structure such as a wall.

In sonic embodiments the method further comprises constructing one or more load bearing walls and pouring the concrete layer so as at least part of its load is born by the walls. In this way some or all of the load of the concrete layer may be born by the wall and not by the pilasters and/or platform formworks. Consequently the load may not be transferred to the surface below the platform formworks, instead being transferred to the wall (which may rest on the foundation). This niay mean that it is not necessary to prepare the ground with gravel, hardcore, sand, concrete or the like to stop the platform formworks and/or pilasters from puncturing the ground beneath them. The quantity of earth and ground work necessary for the provision of the footing system may therefore be reduced, reducing cost and increasing convenience.

In sonic embodiments the method further comprises laying the platform fonnworks within a boundary defined by the concrete foundation. The concrete foundation may be pre-set. This may be a convenient method of providing a suspended floor, the foundation assisting in defining the required locations of the platform formworks.

In some embodiments the concrete used for the concrete layer is weak mix. This may be particularly suitable as it may be cheaper and easier to acquire and pour than other concrete mixes preferred for heavier duty applications (such as strong mix for foundations). Further weak mix concrete may be more readily broken up than strong mix, which may make remedial work easier once the concrete layer has set. Weak mix concretes have a lower ratio of cement to sand and aggregate (e.g. one part cement, three parts sand, six parts stone, known as C20).

In some embodiments the method further comprises pouring one of the concrete layer and the concrete foundation after the other has been allowed to set. This may be a convenient method of producing a structurally independent concrete layer and foundation, even where one is in contact with the other.

In some embodiments the method further comprises maintaining physical separation between the concrete layer and the concrete foundation before at least one of them has set. This may for example be the ease where the foundation is below the level of the concrete layer such that they are not in contact. This may allow the concrete layer and foundation to be poured at the same time (or at least poured when neither has yet set) while maintaining structural independence.

In some embodiments the method further comprises positioning shuttering to maintain physical separation between the concrete layer and the concrete foundation until at least one of them has set. This may be most suitable where the concrete layer and foundation would otherwise be in contact. This may allow the concrete layer and foundation to be poured at the same time (or at least poured when neither has yet set) while maintaining structural independence.

In some embodiments the concrete used for the foundation is strong mix. This may be a particularly suitable concrete mix for the heavy application of providing a foundation, especially as it is perhaps unlikely that there will be a desire to sporadically dig up the foundation. The structural independence of the concrete layer and foundation may therefore allow for the most suitable concrete to be used for each application, and to allow for the foundation to remain undisturbed should it prove desirable to disturb the concrete layer. Strong mix concretes have a higher ratio of cement to sand and aggregate (e.g. one part cement, two parts sand, four parts stone, known as C35).

According to a fifth aspect of the invention there is provided a footing system comprising optionally at least one platform formwork, optionally a concrete layer over the platform forrnworks and optionally a concrete foundation around at least a portion of the platforni formworks, there being optionally a discontinuation between at least part of the concrete layer and at least part of the concrete foundation and where further the at least one platform formwork optionally has a platform portion and extending from the platform portion, optionally at least two elevation portions, each optionally having a foot region at its base, wherein adjacent elevation portions optionally intersect to define arches which define side apertures in the platform formwork and wherein the platform portion and the elevation portions are optionally arranged so that when the foot regions are rested on a surface, a cavity is defined beneath the platform portion.

Such a system may be advantageous over existing systems whereby if a concrete layer is provided it is poured with the foundation, producing a single concrete structure. The single concrete structure may place limitations on the nature of the concrete mix that can be used (i.e. it must be strong mix in view of the requirement that it can perform as a foundation). Further once the concrete is set additional work may be required to gain access below the concrete layer for remedial work in and around the platform formworks (potentially including the digging up of foundations). The present system means that the foundation and concrete layer may be structurally independent (for cxample thcy may be discontinuous when set). This may allow concrete mixcs to be used that are better suited to their respective purposes. Further remedial work may be casier and less expensive in view of the combined use of the platform formworks and the structurally independent concrete layer. Further the use of platform formworks in domestic as well as commercial settings may be facilitated and their use in conjunction with brickwork, blockwork and timber frame made possible.

In son-ie embodiments the footing system may be for a building. The building may be domestic or commercial. As will be appreciated however, the invention is not limited to use with buildings and could for example be used with roads, runways, bridgcs, area coverings or other structures.

In some embodiments the footing system further coniprises one or more load bearing walls which bear the load of the concrete layer. In this way some or all of the load of the concrete layer may be born by the walls rather than by the pilasters and/or platform formworks. Consequently the load may not be transferred to the surface below the platform formworks, instead being transferred to the wall (which may rest on a foundation). This may mean that it is not necessary to prepare the ground with gravel, hardcore, sand, concrete or the like to stop the platform formworks and/or pilasters from puncturing the ground beneath them. The quantity of earth and ground work necessary for the provision of the footing system may therefore be reduced, reducing cost and increasing convenience.

In some embodiments the concrete mix used for the concrete foundation and the concrete layer is different. This may allow concrete to be selected for each application rather than a compromise being reached by pouring a combined concrete layer and foundation of the samc concrete mix.

In son-ie embodiments the concrete layer is weak mix concrete. This may be particularly suitable as it may be cheaper and easier to acquire and pour than other concrete mixes preferred for heavier duty applications (such as strong mix for foundations). Further weak mix concrete may be more readily broken up than strong mix, which may make remedial work easier once the concrete layer has set.

In some embodiments the concrete foundation is strong mix concrete. This may be a particularly suitable concrete mix for the heavy application of providing a foundation, especially as it is perhaps unlikely that there will be a desire to sporadically dig up the foundation. The structural independence of the concrete layer and foundation may therefore allow for the most suitable concrete to be used for each application, and to allow for the foundation to remain undisturbed should it prove desirable to disturb the concrete layer.

In some embodiments the footing system is arranged to be provided at the lowest level of a building. The footing system may have particular advantages when used at the lowest level of a building, including radon gas capture by the platform formworks and venting of the gas before it rises into the building above.

According to a sixth aspect of the invention there is provided a method of laying a footing system suitable for use in association with a foundation for a structure is provided comprising the steps of: a) optionally laying at least one platform formwork having: -optionally a platform portion, and -optionally extending froni the platform portion, at least two elevation portions, each optionally having a foot region at its base, wherein adjacent elevation portions optionally intersect to define arches which define side apertures in the platform formwork and wherein the platform portion and the elevation portions are optionally arranged so that when the foot regions are rested on a surface, a cavity is defined beneath the platform portion, b) optionally ensuring that there is a delimitation between optionally at least part of a concrete foundation and/or optionally an area intended to receive a concrete foundation and the platform formworks, e) optionally pouring a concrete layer over the platform formworks, the delimitation optionally preventing the flow of concrete so as it is in contact with the part of the foundation and/or the flow of concrete into the part of the area intended to receive a foundation, so that there is a discontinuation between at least part of the concrete layer and at least part of the concrete foundation.

In some embodiments the method further comprises providing, optionally by pouring, a concrete foundation. The foundation may be for a structure to be built on the foundation.

According to a seventh aspect of the invention there is provided a footing system comprising optionally at least one platform formwork, optionally a concrete layer over the platform formworks and optionally a delimitation means between optionally at least part of a concrete foundation and/or optionally an area intended to receive a concrete foundation and the platform formworks, the delimitation optionally being arranged to prevent the flow of concrete so as optionally it is in contact with the part of the foundation and/or optionally the flow of concrete into the part of the area intended to receive a foundation, and where further the at least one platform formwork optionally has a platform portion and extending from the platform portion, optionally at least two elevation portions, each optionally having a foot region at its base, wherein adjacent elevation portions optionally intersect to define arches which define side apertures in the platform formwork and wherein the platform portion and the elevation portions are optionally arranged so that when the foot regions are rested on a surface, a cavity is defined beneath the platform portion.

According to an eighth aspect of the invention there is provided a method of laying a footing system comprising the steps of: a) optionally laying at least one platform formwork having: -optionally a platform portion, and -extending from the platform portion, optionally at least two elevation portions, each optionally having a foot region at its base, wherein adjacent elevation portions optionally intersect to define arches which definc sidc apertures in the platform formwork and wherein the platform portion and the elevation portions are optionally arranged so that when the at least one foot region is rested on a surface, a cavity is defined beneath the platform portion, b) optionally pouring a concrete layer over only at least a portion of the platform formworks, so that there is a discontinuation between at least part of the concrete layer and at least part of the concrete foundation.

According to a ninth aspect of the invention there is provided a footing system comprising optionally at least one platform formwork and optionally a concrete layer over only at least a portion of the platform formworks, further the at least one platform formwork optionally has a platform portion and extending from the platform portion, optionally at least two elevation portions, each optionally having a foot region at its base, wherein adjacent elevation portions optionally intersect to define arches which define side apertures in the platform formwork and wherein the platform portion and the elevation portions are optionally arranged so that when the at least one foot region is rested on a surface, a cavity is defined beneath the platform portion.

According to a tenth aspect of the invention a method of laying a footing system is provided optionally comprising the steps of: a) optionally laying one or more platform formworks having: -optionally a platform portion, and -optionally extending from the platform portion, at least two elevation portion optionally having a foot region at its base, wherein adjacent elevation portions optionally intersect to define arches which define side apertures in the platform formwork and wherein the platform portion and the elevation portions are optionally arranged so that when the foot regions are rested on a surface, a cavity is defined beneath the platform portion, and b) optionally pouring a concrete layer over the platform formworks, wherein the pouring of the concrete layer is optionally performed such that once set it is structurally independent from any concrete foundation.

According to an eleventh aspect of the invention a footing system is provided optionally comprising one or more platform formworks having optionally a platform portion, and extending from the platform portion, optionally at least two elevation portions, each optionally having a foot region at its base, wherein adjacent elevation portions optionally intersect to define arches which define side apertures in the platform formwork and wherein the platform portion and the elevation portions are optionally arranged so that when the foot regions are rested on a surface, a cavity is defined beneath the platform portion, the footing system optionally fur her comprising a concrete layer over the platform formworks, wherein the concrete layer and any concrete foundation are optionally structurally independent.

According to a twelfth aspect of the invention a platform formwork is provided comprising optionally a platform portion, and optionally extending from the platform portion, at least two elevation portions, each optionally having a foot region at its base, wherein adjacent elevation portions optionally intersect to define arches which define side apertures in the platform formwork and wherein the platform portion and the elevation portions are optionally arranged so that when the foot regions are rested on a surface, a cavity is defined beneath the platform portion, and where the platform portion has a through-bore. The through-bore may allow access through the formwork.

This may be advantageous as the shape of the formwork creates a cavity beneath its platform portion, which may be used for inspection and/or the laying of cables, pipes or similar for the delivery of services.

In some embodiments the through-bore is provided with a door. The door may allow the integrity of the formwork and/or a footing system utilising the formwork to be maintained when the through-bore is not in use.

In some embodiments the through-bore is a man-hole. The man-hole may allow a man to pass through the formwork between the area above it and the cavity below it. This may be of assistance in performing non-destructive maintenance work or the like.

In some embodiments the through-bore is a pipe and/or cable through-bore. This may facilitate the passing of a cable and/or pipe, laid beneath platform portion of the formwork used in a footing system, through the formwork. Such a pipe or cable may be used to supply a utility to a building or similar that may be positioned above the formwork.

In some embodiments the elevation portions may comprise one or more legs extending from a domed platform portion, such that at least one side of the formwork is open.

Such formworks may allow access from a cavity below the platform portion of one formwork to be accessed from a cavity below a platform portion of an adjacent formwork. This may for example be advantageous where cable/piping is laid or for inspection purposes.

In some embodiments the formwork is provided with one or more interlock formations to allow interlocking with other formworks. Such interlocks may increase the strength and integrity of a footing system utilising the formwork. It may for example allow the formation of a continuous surface for supporting a concrete layer on top of a plurality of interlocked formworks.

In some embodiments the formwork is arranged to define one or more pilaster cavities. The pilaster cavities may in some embodiments be defined by a combination of parts of two or more similar formworks when interlocked. In this way a series of pilasters may be more easily formed to support a concrete layer and/or other structures positioned above the formwork(s).

According to a thirteenth aspect of the invention a footing system is provided utilising one or more platform formworks according to the ninth aspect.

In some embodiments the footing system further comprises one or more platform formworks without through-bores. In order to gain a desired level of accessibility it may be sufficient to provide only one or some of the formworks with a through-bore.

Additional formworks without through-b ores may increase footing system strength and reduce cost.

In some embodiments the footing system further comprises a concrete layer over the formworks. The concrete layer and any concrete foundation may be structurally independent as with earlier aspects. By making the concrete layer and any foundation structurally independent (for example they may be discontinuous when set) concrete mixes may be used that arc bcttcr suited to thcir respective purposcs. Further remedial work may be easier and less expensive.

In somc cmbodiments the footing system further comprises one or more utility pipes or cables under the formworks. The pipes and/or cables may be laid before, during or after laying of the platfonn formworks. The platform formworks may create a void in which pipes and/or cables can be placed and concealed. Laying the pipes and/or cables as part of the footing system may be convenient and reduce further work.

In some embodiments one or more of the cables and/or pipes passes through one or more formwork through-bores. This may allow a pipe and/or cable to be made available at a point where it is required in a structure to be built on the footing system.

In some embodiments part of at least one pipe or cable passing through one or more of the through-bores is set in the concrete layer. This may secure the pipe or cable and or provide protection for it.

In some embodiments the footing system further comprises one or more access points in the concrete layer, the access points having a reduced depth or no concrete. Where there is little or no concrete, access may be more easily gained to the platform formworks and or cavities beneath the platform portions of the platform formworks.

This may mean that remedial work on or around the footing system is easier.

According to a fourteenth aspect of the invention a platform system is provided optionally comprising one or more platform fonnworks and optionally one or more stilts optionally arranged to support the one or more platform formworks so as they provide a raised platform. This system may allow for the elevation of a platform created by platform formworks (such as those described above and in the specific description). This may allow for the creation of both a stable raised platform and or a void beneath the platform. As will be appreciated the provision of the stilts may increase the height of the platform and/or depth of the void beyond heights and depths that could be achieved with the platform fonnworks alone.

In some embodiments the one or more platform formworks comprise a platform portion, and extending from the platform portion, at least two elevation portions, each having a foot region at its base, wherein adjacent elevation portions optionally intersect to define arches which define side apertures in the platform forrnwork and wherein the platform portion and the elevation portions are arranged so that when the foot regions arc rested on a surface, a cavity is defined beneath the platform portion.

In some embodiments the sti Its are positioned within a pit, extending from a floor of the pit substantially to its mouth. In this way the platform created by the platform forrnworks may allow for substantial continuity to be maintained with the surrounding ground level. This may for example allow for use of the land above the pit where this might otherwise have been prevented by the open mouth of the pit. As will be appreciated the stills may be arranged such that the platform is created somewhat below the surrounding ground level, to allow for one or more additional layers to be added above the platform formworks and ground level continuity to be maintained.

The pit may for example be a reservoir. The platform system may be particularly useful for use with a reservoir/well/storage vessel or similar, as the covering may allow for use of the land above, e.g. for farming or building.

In some embodiments a concrete layer is provided over the platform formworks. The concrete layer may provide a strong and consistent surface for work to be carried out above the platform system.

In some embodiments the concrete layer comprises one or more pilasters bearing some or all of the load of the concrete layer, a foot of at least one pilaster being aligned with one of the stilts. This may mean that the platform formworks take only some or substantially none of the load of the concrete. The pilasters may increase the stability and strength of the platform system. The pilasters may be concrete and may be contiguous with the concrete layer, again potentially adding strength to the system.

In some embodiments the platform formworks define one or more pilaster cavities in which the pilasters are provided. The pilaster cavities may be a convenient way of forming suitably sized, positioned and shaped pilasters (luring pouring of the concrete layer.

In some embodiments the platform formworks are interlocked. This may give the footing system increased strength and may create a continuous platform for receiving the concrete layer.

In some cmbodiments one or more of the platform formworks has a man-hole to permit access to an area beneath the platform forrnworks. Such embodiments may make working beneath the platform system considerably easier, for example when conducting maintenance and/or cleaning work in the pit.

According to a fifteenth aspect of the invention a method of assembling a platforni system is provided optionally comprising the steps of: -optionally placing one or more stilts, and -optionally laying one or more platform formworks so as thcy are supported by the stilts.

This method may allow for the elevation of a platform created by platform forniworks (such as those described above and in the specific description).

In some embodiments the stilts are placed in a manner such that their spacing allows cach of thcm to be beneath a leg of onc or more platform formworks. In this way the platform formworks may create vaults, which in somc embodiments may be buttressed by surrounding p latforni formworks.

As will be appreciated various othcr steps may be undertaken corresponding to steps and/or featurcs mcntioncd in previous embodiments (such as the digging of a pit in which the stilts are positioned and/or the pouring of a concrete layer over the platform formworks).

According to a sixteenth aspect of the invention a method of laying a footing system is provided optionally comprising the steps of: a) optionally laying at least one platform forrnwork optionally having: -optionally a platform portion, and -optionally extending from the platform portion, at least two elevation portions, each optionally having a foot region at its base, wherein adjacent elevation portions optionally intersect to define arches which define side apertures in the platform formwork and wherein the platform portion and the elevation portions are optionally arranged so that when the foot regions are rested on a surface, a cavity is defined beneath the platform portion, b) optionally constructing one or more load bearing walls, and e) optionally pouring a concrete layer over the platform formworks in such a way that at least part of its load is born by the walls.

According to a seventeenth aspect of the invention there is provided a footing system comprising optionally at least one platform formwork, optionally at least one load bearing wall and optionally a concrete layer over the platform formworks, the concrete layer having been poured in such a way that at least part of its load is born by the walls, and where further the at least one platform formwork optionally has a platform portion and extending from the platform portion, optionally at least two elevation portions, each optionally having a foot region at its base, wherein adjacent elevation portions optionally intersect to define arches which define side apertures in the platform forn-iwork and wherein the platform portion and the elevation portions are optionally arranged so that whcn the at least one foot region is rested on a surface, a cavity is defined beneath the platform portion.

The skilled person will appreciate that a feature described in relation to any one of the above aspects of the invention may be applied mutatis mutandis to any other aspect of the invention.

Embodiments of the invention will now be described by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying Figures, in which: Figure 1 is a top view of a platform forniwork according to an embodinient of the invention; Figure 2 is a side view of a platform formwork according to an embodiment of the in venti on; Figure 3 is a top view of a plurality of interlocked platform forrnworks according to an embodiment of the invention; Figure 4 is a cross-section through a footing system according to an cmbodimcnt of thc invcntion; Figure 5 is a cross-section through a footing system according to an cmbodimcnt of the invcntion; Figure 6 is a cross-section through a footing system according to an embodiment of the invention; Figure 7 is a cross-section through a footing system incorporating a utility pipe according to an embodiment of the invention; Figure 8 is a cross-scction through a footing systcm incorporating a man-hoic according to an cmbodimcnt of thc invcntion; Figure 9 is cross-scctional vicw through a platform systcm according to an embodiment of the invention; Figure 10 is a pcrspcctivc vicw showing in situ platform systcms according to an cmbodimcnt of thc invcntion.

Referring first to Figures I and 2 a platform formwork (which may also be considered a domcd building clement) is gcncrally provided at 100. Tn the cmbodimcnt bcing dcscribed, the platform formwork 100 is of plastics material and is a single mouldcd piece, but could be of othcr materials. The platform formwork 100 has a platform portion 102 (the ceiling of the forniwork), extending from which are four legs 104 (elevation portions). Tn this embodiment, the legs are provided at corner regions of the platform portion.

Also provided are a number of strengthening ribs 106 visible on a top surface 108 of the platform portion 1 02. The platform portion 100 and legs 104 are contoured such that the platform formwork 100 has a dome like configuration.

Adjacent legs 104 intersect to define arches 110. There are four arches I ba, 5, c and d, each of which dcfines a side aperture 112 in the platform formwork 100. Two of the four arches llOa and I lOb are shaped so as to define a flange 114 around a perimeter of the arch llOa, b and down the adjacent legs 104. Each flange 114 extends towards the respective side aperture 112. The other two arches 11 Oc and 11 Od are shaped so as to define channels 116 around a perimeter of the arch hOc, d and down the adjacent legs 104. Each channel 116 faces away from the respective side aperture 112. Each channel 116 is arranged to receive a flange 114 in an interlocking arrangement.

An exterior surface 118 of each leg 104 additionally comprises a rebated portion 120 defining one quarter of a pilaster cavity 122 (see Figure 3). At the base of each leg 104 is a foot region, in this case a foot 124. The one quarter pilaster cavity runs for the full length of the leg 104. The base of the pilaster cavity may be formed by the surface that the platform formworks 100 are laid on or in the foot 124 of the leg 104.

Referring now to Figure 3, a plurality of laid platform fonnworks 100 are shown in rows and columns. The platform formworks 100 are orientated so that each flange 114 of a platform formwork 100 faces a channel 116 of any adjacent platform formwork and vice versa. The platform formworks 100 are interlocked by the flanges 114 and channels 116, preventing lateral movement of the platform formworks 100 relative to one another. Interlocking is achieved by sliding the flange 114 into the channel 116 until the planes of the platform portions 102 of the two platforni formworks 100 are substantially aligned.

The interlocked platform formworks 100 of Figure 3 define thc pilaster cavities 122 through the alignment of one quarter pilaster cavities of four adjacent platform formworks 100.

The platform formwork 100 shown in Figures 1 to 3 is a Connex' as may be obtained from C.onnex System Limited.

When arranged in the manner as shown in Figure 3, the side apertures 112 of any one of the platform formworks 100 align with the side apertures 112 of an adjacent platform formwork thereby providing access from the cavity under one of the platform formworks to the cavity under that adjacent platform formwork.

Referring now to Figure 4, a footing system is generally provided at 200. In this cmbodirnent the footing system 200 is for a building and the walls of the building are shown, having outer brickwork courses 202, and inner blockwork courses 204. The brickwork 202 and blockwork 204 courses sit on a concrete strip foundation 206. The foundation 206 is a strong mix.

Above the level of the foundation 206 and within the boundary it defines is laid an array of interlocked platform formworks 208. Each platform formwork 208 creates a cavity 210 below its platform portion 212. Each cavity 210 is accessible from the cavities 210 of adjacent platform forrnworks 208 via open sides (not shown) provided between legs 214 of each platform formwork 208. The platform formworks 208 may therefore be considered to form a void 215 comprising the cavities 210 beneath them.

The interlocked platform formworks 208 create a continuous surface above which is a concrete layer 216. The concrete layer 216 is weak mix concrete and is reinforced with a mesh (not shown). The concrete layer 216 also comprises a plurality of pilasters (not shown) extending downwards to the level of the ground below the legs 214, and surrounded by pilaster cavities (not shown) defined by the platform formworks 208.

The concrete layer 216 is structurally independent from the foundation 206 in that they are not connected (or at least are not connected in a manner sufficient to cause a structural inter-dependence). Indeed in this embodiment the concrete layer 216 is over only at least part of the platform formworks 208 (extending only to the boundary edges of the formworks 208). In other embodiments, while the concrete layer 216 may extend beyond the boundary edges of the formworks 208 (see for example Figure 6), it may be that the layer 216 does not extend below a plane created by the platform portions of the platform formworks, or else it may not extend below a plane created by feet of the platform formworks, potentially therefore allowing for separation from any foundation.

Above the concrete layer is a damp proof membrane 218 and above that an insulation layer 220. Finally a screed layer 222 is provided.

In terms of the process for laying the footing system 200, earth and ground works are undcrtaken to prcpare the ground. The concrete strip foundation 206 is poured using shuttering!formworks as necessary and allowed to set. The brickwork 202 and blockwork 204 courscs arc laid to a level such that they define a boundary for thc laying of the platform formworks 208. The platform formworks 208 are then laid within the boundary defined by the walls (and pre-set concrete foundation 206). As the platform formworks 208 are laid they are interlocked by means of cooperating formations. The interlocked platform formworks 208 form a continuous surface and define a plurality of pilaster cavities (not shown) between them. In this case, although not shown, interlocking is achieved via channels and flanges as per the embodiment of Figures 1 to 3. A mesh reinforcement (not shown) is then laid over the platform formworks 208.

Weak mix concrete is poured into the pilaster cavities (not shown) and then generally over the platform formworks 208 to form a concrete layer 216. During the pouring and setting of the concrete layer 216, a delimitation (in this case physical separation) is maintained between the concrete layer 216 and the foundation 206. In this case the separation is maintained by the vertical distance between the concrete layer 216 and the foundation 206. When the concrete layer 216 is set it is therefore structurally independent from the foundation 206. Further concrete pilasters formed in the pilaster cavities (not shown) bear a substantial part of the load of the concrete layer 216.

Finally the various additional layers (damp proof membrane 218, insulation layer 220 and screed 222) are added above the concrete layer 216 once it is set.

The use of the weak mix concretc for the concrete layer 216, makes it easier and less costly to pour. Further the wreak mix also makes breaking up of the concrete layer 216 easier than if for example the concrete layer 216 had been strong mix. This may make the platform formworks 208 and void 215 beneath them easier to access for later rork if required. Further the structural independence of the concrete layer 216 and foundation 206 mean that it may not be necessary to dig up or interfere with the foundation 206 in performing such work. Because the foundation 206 and concrete layer 216 are poured separately they may be different concrete mixes. Hence the strong mix can be selected for the foundation 206 in view of the need for structural load bearing without impacting on the nature of the concrete layer 216 mix.

Figure 5 shows a similar embodiment to that shown in Figure 4, with like reference numerals in the series 300 being used for similar features.

The Figure 5 footing system 300 may be better suited to the construction of commercial building than the footing system 200 (which may be better suited to domestic construction). A concrete foundation 306 of thc footing system 300 has increased size making it suitable for bearing additional load. The concrete foundation 306 therefore extends up to and beyond the level of platform formworks 308 and a concrete layer 316. In this embodiment therefore, especially where the concrete layer 316 and/or concrete foundation 306 is poured before the other is set, shuttcring may be used to maintain a delimitation/discontinuation between the concrete layer and the concrete foundation. In this way the foundation 306 and concrete layer 316 may be structurally independent when set. Alternatively structural independence may be achieved by pouring onc of thc concrctc laycr 316 and foundation 306 after thc othcr has been set, such that and binding at the interface between the two may be relatively weak and non-structural.

Figure 6 shows a similar embodiment to that shown in Figure 4, with like reference numerals in the series 400 being used for similar features.

In the Figure 6 footing system 400, blockwork 404 of a wall has been built up to the level of top surfaces 405 of platform formworks 408, before the pouring of a concrete layer 416. In this way the concrete layer 416 has been poured so as to rest on the blockwork 404 at its periphery. Consequently a substantial portion of the load of the concretc layer 416 is born by the blockwork 404 and ultimately the foundation 406.

This means that the load on the pilasters (not shown) and platform formworks 408 may be reduced. The platform formworks 408 may therefore be considered to be void formers in the sense that their primary purpose is to create and maintain a void 415 (the area covered by cavitics 410) beneath the platform formworks 408, rather than also providing structural support. The platform formworks 408 are nonetheless maintained in position even after the concrete layer 416 has set. It should further be noted that the concrete layer 416 and foundation 406 are structurally independent.

Figure 7 shows a similar embodiment to that shown in Figure 6, with like reference numerals in the series 500 being used for similar features.

In the Figure 7 embodiment a utility cable 524 has been laid in a void 515 beneath platform formworks 508. The cable 524 passes through brickwork 502 and bloekwork 504 of a wall into the void 515, into a cavity 510 below a specific platform formwork 508 and through a through-bore in the platform formwork 508. Thereafter the cable 524 passes through a concrete layer 516 (in which the cable 524 is set, having been positioned before pouring of the concrete layer 516) and through the remaining layers (a damp proof membrane 518, insulation layer 520 and screed 522). The cable 524 may be laid before during or after laying of the platform formworks 508 (although laying of the cable 524 before laying of the platform formworks 508 may make the process easier).

Figure 8 shows a similar embodiment to that shown in Figure 6, with like reference numerals in the series 600 being used for similar features.

Figure 8 shows a footing system 600 incorporating a plurality of platform forrnworks 608 as described previously and a further platform formwork 608 having a man-hole 626. The man-hole 626 is a passage through a platform portion 605 of the relevant platform formwork, permitting access to a cavity 610 beneath it and a void 615 beyond. Additionally a concrete layer 616 has been poured so as to define an access point 628 in the concrete layer 616 above the man-hole 626. Defining of the access point 628 may for example have been achieved using shuttering during the pouring of the concrete layer 616. The access point 628 is a gap in the concrete (there is no concrete) which is extended by similar gaps in a damp proof membrane 618, an insulation layer 620 and a sereed 622. Within the sereed 622 a hatch 630 is positioned above the access point 628, allowing selective covering and exposure of the access point 628. In use the man-hole 626 may allow access to the void 615 beneath the platform formworks 608. Depending on the dimensions of the man-hole 626 it may be possible for a person to pass through the man-hole 626 into the cavity 610 beneath the man-hole. It may further be possible for the person to pass through the side apertures of the platform formwork 608 comprising the man-hole 626 into the void 615.

Alternatively the man-hole 626 may only be large enough to permit limited access (e.g. for tools or cable).

Referring now to Figure 9 a cross-section through a platform system 742 is shown.

The platform system utilises platform formworks 700 of the type shown in Figures 1 and 2.

Figure 9 shows an elevated platform provided by a plurality of interlinked platform formworks 700 provided in arrays. The platform formworks 700 are supported by a plurality of stilts 732. Each stilt 732 has a hcad 734 and a foot 736. Each foot 736 rests on a concrete base layer 738. Each head 734 provides a support surface for four legs 704 each belonging to different, adjacent and interlocked platform fonnworks 700. The stilts 732 are placed in a manner such that their spacings allow for each leg 704 of each platform formwork 700 to be supportcd on one of the heads 734. Above the platform formworks 700 is a concrete layer 716. The concrete layer 716 has a number of pilasters (not shown), each corresponding to the position of a pilaster cavity (not shown) formed by rebatcd portions (not shown) in four intersecting legs 704 of different platform formworks 700. The pilasters (not shown) are therefore aligned with and supported by the stilts 732.

The concrete base layer 738 may comprises an area of concrete and an area of found ati on.

For example, the area of concrete may be bounded by a strip foundation which may be uscd to support walls or retaining structures to enclose the area 740 beneath the platform formworks 700 and prevent external material encroaching on the area. The wall may bear at least some of the load of the concrete layer 7 6. The stilts 732 may be at least some of the load of the concrete layer 716.

Instead of or in addition to a strip foundation, foundation may be provided at the base of the stilts 732. Alternatively, the concrete base layer may comprise an area of concrete without an additional foundation layer.

The area of concrete may be continuous over the surface on which it is provided.

Alternatively, the concrete base layer may be discontinuous and present, for example, oniy where stilts 732 are located.

The concrete base layer 738 may be constructed in accordance with the methods discussed above.

The platform systcm of Figure 9 creates a concrete platform suspended above the level of the concrete base layer 738. The platform system further creates an area 740 beneath the platform formworks 700 of greater height than could be achieved with the platform formworks 700 alone.

At least one of the platfonn formworks 700 may include a man-hole cover to allow access to the area 740 beneath the platform formworks 700. The concrete layer 716 may then be poured so as to define an access point in the concretc layer 716 above the man-hole. The access point may be a gap in the concrete layer 716 or an area of concrete that is thinner than the rest of the concrete layer 716. The manner of creating an access point has becn described abovc.

The suspended concrete platform of Figure 9 may be used as a surface upon which a further structure may be built. For example, the suspended concrete platform may be uscd in the construction of a road, bridge or a runway. In this example, utilities and the like may be provided within the area 740 beneath the platform forrnworks.

Remedial work, for example on the utilities, can then be carried out from within the area 740 beneath the platform formworks 700. Since this area 740 may be accesscd through the access point and manhole cover, the impact of the remedial work in the structure is minimised.

Referring now to Figure 10 a perspective view of two platform systems 742 arc shown in situ. In this embodiment the stilts 732 are positioned within fresh 744 and waste 746 water reservoirs. The stilts 732 extend for substantially the full height of the reservoirs 744, 746 (extending from their floors 748 to their mouths 750). The platform formworks 700, supported on the stilts 732, create platforms proximate the mouths 750 of the reservoirs 744, 746. With the provision of additional layers over the platform formworks 700, this will allow for ground level to remain substantially unchanged over the reservoirs 744, 746 when compared with the surrowidings.

Although in the examples described above the platform formworks 100 comprise four legs 04 it will be appreciated that the may comprise fewer legs 104. For example, the platform formwork 100 may have three legs 104 defining three arches 110 where the legs meet or the platform formwork may comprise two legs 104 defining two arches 110. Alternatively, the platform formwork 100 may comprise more than four legs 104.

The shape of the platform formwork 100 should tessellate. For example, the platform forrnwork may be a square, equilateral triangle or hexagon. The platform portion 102 may substantially from the shape of the platform formwork 100 and may comprise legs at each vertex.

It will be further apprcciated that when the platform formwork 100 comprises less than four legs 104, the rebated portion 120 defines more than a quarter of a pilaster cavity 122 whilst if the platform formwork comprises 100 more than four legs 104, the rebated portion 120 defines less than a quarter of a pilaster. For example if the platform formwork comprises three legs 104, the rebated portion will form one third of the pilaster cavity 122 while if the platform formwork comprises six legs 104, the rebated portion 120 will define one sixth of the pilaster cavity 122.

It will be understood that the invention is not limited to the embodiments above-described and various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the various concepts described herein. Any of the features may be employed separately or in combination with any other features and the invention extends to and includes all combinations and sub-combinations of one or more features described herein in any form of footing or platform system.

Claims

CL Al NI S 1. A method of laying a suspended concrete platform is provided comprising the steps of: a) laying a plurality of platform formworks adjacent one another and each having: -a platform portion, and -extending from the platform portion, at least two elevation portions, each having a foot region;, wherein adjacent elevation portions intersect to define arches which define side apertures in the platform formwork and whercin the platform portion and the elevation portions are arranged so that when the foot regions are rested on a surface, a cavity is defined beneath the platform portion and above the surface, b) pouring a concrete layer over least a portion of the platform formworks thereby providing a concrete platform over the platform formworks such that the side apertures provide access from the cavity under one of the platform formworks to the cavity under an adjacent platform formwork.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the cavity is sized to accommodate a person in the cavity and the side apertures are sized to allow the person to move between cavities through the side apertures.
3. A method according to claim 1 or 2 wherein the elevation portions are located at corner regions of the platform portion and comprise a rebated portion defining a portion of a pilaster cavity and wherein a pilaster cavity is formed by at least two adjacent interlocked platform formworks, the method further comprising: filling one or more pilaster cavities with concrete as part of the pouring of the concrete layer.
4. The method according to claim 3 wherein a base of the pilaster cavity is defined by the surface the platform formworks are rested on or the foot of the elcvation portion, and wherein the pilasters bear at least part of the load of the concrete layer.
5. A method according to any prcceding claim further comprising laying one or more utility pipes and/or cables under the platform formworks.
6. A method according to claim 5 further comprising passing one or more of the cables and/or pipes through one or more of the platform formworks.
7. A method according to any preceding claims further comprising laying at least one platform formwork that has a man-hole to pcrmit access to a cavity beneath thc platform portion of the formwork.
8. A method according to any preceding claim further comprising pouring the concrete layer so as to define one or more access points in the concrete layer, the access points having a reduced depth or no concrcte.
9. A method according to claim 8 when dependent on claim 7 further comprising pouring the concrete layer so as at least part of the access point is above the platform forrnwork that is providcd with the man hole.
10. A method according to any preceding claim wherein laying at least one platform forrnwork comprises: providing stilts on a concrete base layer, the stilts comprising a base region and a head region, and laying the at least one platform formworks such that each foot region of a platform formwork rests on a different stilt.
11. A suspended concrete platform comprising: at least one platform formwork, and a concrete layer over the platform formworks, wherein the at least one platform fonnwork comprises: a platform portion, and extcnding from the platform portion, at least two elevation portions, each having a foot region at its base, wherein adjacent elevation portions intersect to define arches which define side apertures in the platform forniwork and wherein the platforni portion and the elevation portions are arranged so that when the foot regions are rested on a surface, a cavity is defined beneath the platform portion.
12. A platform formwork comprising a platform portion and extending from the platform portion, at least two elevation portions, each having a foot region at its base, wherein the elevation portions are arranged, in use, to engage with an adjacent platform fonnwork, wherein the elevation portions define side apertures through which access can be gained to an underside of the platform portion from outside a plan area of the platform formwork, wherein the elevation portions are further arranged such that, in use, to define an arch to an adjacent platform formwork through which access can be gained to the neighbouring formwork.
13. A method of laying a footing system is provided comprising the steps ot a) laying at least one platform formwork having: -a platform portion, and -extending from the platform portion, at least two elevation portions, each having a foot region at its base, wherein adjacent elevation portions intersect to define arches which define side apertures in the platform formwork and wherein the platform portion and the elevation portions are arranged so that when the foot regions of the elevation portions are rested on a surface, a cavity is defined beneath the platform portion, b) pouring either (i) a concrete layer over the platform formworks, or (ii) a concrete foundation around at least a portion of the platform formworks, c) perfonning the non-completed step (i) or (ii) having waited for the concrete poured to set and/or ensuring that there is a delimitation between at least a part of the concrete poured in steps (i) and (ii), so that there is a discontinuation between at least part of the concrete layer and at least pail of the concrete foundation.
14. A method according to claim 13 further comprising constructing one or more load bearing walls on the concrete foundation and pouring the concrete layer so as at least part of its load is born by the walls.
15. A method according to claims 13 or claim 14 wherein the concrete used for the concrete layer has a lower ratio of cenient to sand and aggregate then the concrete used for the concrete foundation.
16. A footing system comprising: at least one platform formwork, a concrete layer over the platfonn formworks, and a concrete foundation around at least a portion of the platform formworks, there being a discontinuation between at least part of the concrete layer and at least part of the concrete foundation, wherein the at least one platform forrnwork comprises: a platform portion, and extending from the platform portion, at least two elevation portions, each having a foot region at its base, wherein adjacent elevation portions intersect to define arches which define side apertures in the platform forrnwork and wherein the platform portion and the elevation portions are arranged so that when tile foot regions of the elevation portions are rested on a surface, a cavity is defined beneath the platform portion.
17. A method of laying a footing system suitable for use in association with a foundation for a structure is provided comprising the steps of: a) laying at least one platform forrnwork having: -a platform portion, and -extending from the platform portion, at least two elevation portions, each having a foot region at its base, wherein adjacent elevation portions intersect to define arches which define side apertures in the platform formwork and wherein tile platform portion and the elevation portions are arranged so that when the foot regions are rested on a surface, a cavity is defined beneath the platform portion, b) ensuring that there is a delimitation between at least part of a concrete foundation and/or an area intended to receive a concrete foundation and the platform formworks, e) pouring a concrete layer over the platform formworks, the delimitation preventing the flow of concrete so as it is in contact with the part of the foundation and/or the flow of concrete into the part of the area intended to receive a foundation, so that there is a discontinuation between at least part of the concrete layer and at least part of the concrete foundation.
iS. A footing system comprising: at least one platform formwork, a concrete layer over the platfonn forniworks, and a delimitation means between at least part of a concrete foundation and/or an area intended to receive a concrete foundation and the platform formworks, the delimitation being arranged to prevent the flow of concrete so as it is in contact with the part of the foundation and/or the flow of concrete into the part of the area intended to receive a foundation, wherein the at least one platform formwork comprises: a platform portion, and extending from the platform portion, at least two elevation portions, each having a foot region at its base, wherein adjacent elevation portions intersect to define arches which define side apertures in the platform forniwork and wherein the platform portion and the elevation portions are arranged so that when the foot regions are rested on a surface, a cavity is dcfined beneath the platform portion.
19. A footing system of the kind set forth substantially as described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings.
20. A platform forrnwork substantially as described hercin with rcference to the accompanying drawings.
21. A method of laying a suspended concrete platform substantially as described with reference to the accompanying drawings.