GB2492142A - Method of protecting fire unstable material from heat and flame damage - Google Patents
Method of protecting fire unstable material from heat and flame damage Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2492142A GB2492142A GB201110658A GB201110658A GB2492142A GB 2492142 A GB2492142 A GB 2492142A GB 201110658 A GB201110658 A GB 201110658A GB 201110658 A GB201110658 A GB 201110658A GB 2492142 A GB2492142 A GB 2492142A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- solution
- intumescent
- rtm
- applying
- coating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- -1 halogen salt Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- CUXQLKLUPGTTKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M microcosmic salt Chemical compound [NH4+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O CUXQLKLUPGTTKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical class [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 5
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000555745 Sciuridae Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010875 treated wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09F—NATURAL RESINS; FRENCH POLISH; DRYING-OILS; OIL DRYING AGENTS, i.e. SICCATIVES; TURPENTINE
- C09F11/00—Preparation of French polish
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/18—Fireproof paints including high temperature resistant paints
- C09D5/185—Intumescent paints
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/06—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to wood
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/50—Multilayers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D15/00—Woodstains
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K21/00—Fireproofing materials
- C09K21/02—Inorganic materials
- C09K21/04—Inorganic materials containing phosphorus
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
A method of rendering an otherwise fire unstable material, such as timber or wood, capable of withstanding exposure to heat and to flame without sustaining physical damage, as well as preventing the material from spreading the flames. Said method comprising the steps in the following order of: (i) substantially removing any surface finish that may be present on the surface of the material; (ii) applying to the exposed surface of the material a solution of at least one phosphate salt and at least one halogen salt; (iii) applying a plurality of coats of de-waxed French Polish; (iv) applying a suspension/solution containing two or more intumescent compounds; (v) applying a nonÂflammable coating or topcoat. The phosphorous salt can be sodium ammonium phosphate in an aqueous solution with the salts of a halogen, for example Morrels (RTM) N5 solution, with the intumescent compounds comprising a mixture of Thermoguard (RTM) clear intumescent coating and Bolloms (RTM) Intulac coating.
Description
I
IMPROVED PROCESS AND COMPOSITIONS
Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to methods and compositions for protecting fire unstable materials from damage by exposure to heat and/or flame. It is particularly applicable, but in no way limited, to protecting wood or timber material, or compositions containing wood.
Background to the Invention
Wood is used extensively in constructing buildings, and in finishes used inside buildings. This is particularly true in older buildings, many of which are of great historic interest and value. Compositions are known which can be applied over the top of wood, particularly over the exposed surfaces of wood, by way of a surface treatment to reduce the spread of flame in the event of a fire. A typical example of such a product is Thermoguard Fire Varnish produced by Thermoguard Ltd of Unit B, Marlborough Court, Bennerley Road, Blenheim Industrial Estate, BuIwell, Nottingham NG6 8UY, United Kingdom. This provides Class I or Class 0 spread of flame if properly applied to a timber surface.
However, whilst the spread of flame is limited by the application of such products, they do little if anything to prevent physical damage to the timber in the event of a fire. This is particularly important if the timber or wood is very valuable, such as in some historic buildings.
It is an object of the present invention to overcome, or at least mitigate some or all of these problems.
Summary of the Invention
According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of rendering an otherwise fire unstable material capable of withstanding exposure to heat and to flame, said method comprising the steps of:- (i) substantially removing any surface finish that may be present on the surface of the material; (ii) applying to the exposed surface of the material a solution of at least one phosphate salt and at last one halogen salt; (iii) applying to the surface over the dried solution of stage (ii) a plurality of coats of de-waxed French Polish; (iv) applying to the surface over the dried de-waxed French Polish of stage (iii) a suspension/solution containing an intumescent composition; (v) applying to the surface over the dried intumescent coating of stage (iv) a non-flammable coating or topcoat.
This provides for the first time an intumescent finish which protects wood from damage as well as preventing spread of flame.
Preferably the phosphate salt used in step (ii) comprises salts of phosphorus (sodium ammonium phosphate), and preferably the halogen salt used in step (ii) comprises salts of halogen.
Preferably the solution used in step (ii) is an aqueous solution, and more preferably the solution used in step (ii) is Morrells (RTM) N5 Solution.
Preferably the intumescent composition used in step (iv) comprises two or more intumescent compounds or components. By using a mixture of intumescent compounds it has been found that the degree and the duration of protection from fire can be increased significantly over the use of a single intumescent compound or composition.
Preferably the intumescent compounds of step (iv) comprise a mixture of Thermoguard (RTM) clear intumescent coating and Bolloms (RTM) Intulac coating and preferably the coatings are mixed in a ratio of Thermoguard to Bolloms of 80:20 to 50:50 by volume ± 10%, more preferably in the ratio 70:30 by volume ± 10%.
Preferably three coats of the intumescent composition are applied.
In a particularly preferred embodiment the final coat of instumescent composition is diluted with up to 10% by volume of a solution of at least one phosphate salt and at least one halogen salt, such as Morrells (RTM) N5 solution.
Preferably the fire unstable material comprises timber or wood.
Description of the preferred embodiments
The present invention will now be described by way of example only. These are not the only way that the invention can be put into practice but are the best ways currently known to the applicant.
A first aspect of the present invention consists of a method of applying several layers of material to the surface of a material which is otherwise unstabie to fire, such as a piece of timber, to protect it from damage by fire or heat. The method consists of a number of steps or stages which will now be described in detail.
Step (i) In a first step any finishes present on the surface of the timber must be removed.
Any paint or varnish or other surface finishes must be removed completely. This can be done using a variety of known processes, for example using a variety of chemical or mechanical means. Once removed, the surface may be prepared, again using known, conventional means such as sanding, to give a smooth, attractive finish.
A wood stain or other stain can be applied to the surface of the timber at this stage if required. Such stains have been found not to be detrimental to the process or method.
Step (ii) In a second step the timber surface is treated with an aqueous solution of phosphate and halogen salts. A suitable solution is Morrells N5 solution, made up according to the manufacturer's instructions. Ideally this solution is sprayed onto the surface, but other forms of application such as brushing are possible.
Step (iii) In a third step a plurality of coats of de-waxed French Polish are applied. It is important that the French Polish is de-waxed, in order to prevent the surface finish from delaminating over time. In the context of this description the term "plurality" means one or more.
The layer(s) of French Polish may be applied by any conventional means such as a brush or a squirrel mop. A wide variety of de-waxed French Polishes can be used but a preferred polish can be made by dissolving 6 lbs of resin in a gallon of suitable solvent.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the use of any French Polish prior to the application of intumescent material is completely counterintuitive, as one is taught that all such finishes must be removed before the application of any intumescent materiai. in fact, it has unexpectedly been found that the presence of the French Polish layer or layers is essential for preventing fire damage to the surface of an otherwise fire unstable material such as wood.
The degree of protection against fire damage and the flame retardant properties of the coating can be controlled in part by the amount of French Polish applied in this step. Generally, increasing the amount of French Polish to say l2lbs increases the time before which flame causes damage to the surface. Decreasing the amount of French Polish to say 4lbs decreases the time before which the flame causes damage to the surface but increases the resistance to the spread of flame.
Step (iv) Once the layer(s) of French Polish have dried completely, the surface is then treated with a solution or a suspension of an intumescent composition. For best results we have found it advantageous to use a mixture of intumescent materials. Using a mixture gives a bulkier and more stable intumescent layer in the event of fire.
Suitable intumescent compositions are Thermoguard Fire Varnish, produced by Thermoguard Limited, and Intulac by Promain UK Limited of I North End, Bury Mead Road, Hitchin, Hertfordshire SGS IRT, United Kingdom. These compositions can be mixed in various ratios but 80:20 to 20:80 ± 10% by volume work well, with a preferred ratio being 70:30 ± 10% by volume in favour of Thermoguard Fire Varnish.
Without being restricted to any particular theory, it is believed that there is a synergy between these two products that, in combination, produce a greater barrier to fire damage than when either product is used alone.
In a particularly preferred embodiment the final coat of intumescent material is diluted with a phosphate and halogen solution as used in Step (ii). Up to 10% by volume of such a solution may be added to the final intumescent layer, but up to 5% by volume is preferred.
Step (v) In a fifth step once the intumescent layers have dried completely, a top coat or finishing coat is applied over the top of the intumescent layer(s). A suitable top coat may be a varnish which itself is non-flammabie when dry and which tends to prevent the spread of flame. A suitable example is Thermoguard Flame Retardant top coat.
This can be applied by any suitable means.
This top coat can be waxed if necessary to give the level of finish desired.
As well as a process for rendering an otherwise flame unstable material capable of withstanding heat or flame, the present invention also extends to include the products produced by using this process, that is treated wood or timber, and to the novel mixtures of intumescent compositions developed especially for this process.
Claims (12)
- Claims 1. A method of rendering an otherwise fire unstable material capable of withstanding exposure to heat and to flame, said method comprising the steps of:- (i) substantially removing any surface finish that may be present on the surface of the material; (ii) appiying to the exposed surface of the material a solution of at least one phosphate salt and at last one halogen salt; (iii) applying to the surface over the dried solution of stage (ii) a plurality of coats of de-waxed French Polish; (iv) applying to the surface over the dried French polish of stage (iii) a suspension/solution containing two or more intumescent compounds; (v) applying to the surface over the dried intumescent coating of stage(iv) a non-flammable coating or topcoat.
- 2. A method according to Claim I wherein the phosphate salt used in step (ii) comprises salts of phosphorus (sodium ammonium phosphate). (00
- 3. A method according to Claim I or Claim 2 wherein the halogen salt used in (\J 20 step (ii) comprises salts of halogen. c\J
- 4. A method according to any preceding claim wherein the solution used in step (ii) is an aqueous solution.
- 5. A method according to any preceding claim wherein the solution used in step (ii) is Morrells (RTM) N5 Solution.
- 6. A method according to any preceding claim wherein the intumescent compounds of step (iv) comprise a mixture of Thermoguard (RTM) clear intumescent coating and Bolloms (RTM) Intulac coating.
- 7. A method according to Claim 6 wherein the coatings are mixed in a ratio of Thermoguard to Bolloms 80:20 to 50:50 by volume ± 10%.
- 8. A method according to Claim 7 wherein the ratio is 70:30 ± 10%.
- 9. A method according to Claim I or any of Claims 6 to 8 inclusive wherein three coats of intumescent compounds are applied.
- 10. A method according to Claim 9 wherein the final coat of instumescent compounds is diluted with up to 10% by volume of a solution of at least one phosphate salt and at least one halogen salt, such as Morrell's (RTM) N5 solution.
- 11. A method according to any preceding claim wherein the fire unstable material comprises timber or wood.
- 12. A method of rendering a fire unstable material capable of withstanding exposure to heat and/or flame substantially as herein described. c\J r (0 c\J c\J
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB201110658A GB2492142A (en) | 2011-06-23 | 2011-06-23 | Method of protecting fire unstable material from heat and flame damage |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB201110658A GB2492142A (en) | 2011-06-23 | 2011-06-23 | Method of protecting fire unstable material from heat and flame damage |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB201110658D0 GB201110658D0 (en) | 2011-08-10 |
| GB2492142A true GB2492142A (en) | 2012-12-26 |
Family
ID=44485037
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB201110658A Withdrawn GB2492142A (en) | 2011-06-23 | 2011-06-23 | Method of protecting fire unstable material from heat and flame damage |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2492142A (en) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4058643A (en) * | 1976-06-21 | 1977-11-15 | Mobile Oil Corporation | Fire retardant laminates having intumescent adhesive layer comprising shellac |
| WO2011045426A1 (en) * | 2009-10-16 | 2011-04-21 | Rhodia Operations | Fire-retardant polyamide cast item including an intumescent coating |
-
2011
- 2011-06-23 GB GB201110658A patent/GB2492142A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4058643A (en) * | 1976-06-21 | 1977-11-15 | Mobile Oil Corporation | Fire retardant laminates having intumescent adhesive layer comprising shellac |
| WO2011045426A1 (en) * | 2009-10-16 | 2011-04-21 | Rhodia Operations | Fire-retardant polyamide cast item including an intumescent coating |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB201110658D0 (en) | 2011-08-10 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |