GB2456484A - Wind turbine blade incorporating nanoclay - Google Patents
Wind turbine blade incorporating nanoclay Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2456484A GB2456484A GB0909917A GB0909917A GB2456484A GB 2456484 A GB2456484 A GB 2456484A GB 0909917 A GB0909917 A GB 0909917A GB 0909917 A GB0909917 A GB 0909917A GB 2456484 A GB2456484 A GB 2456484A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- nanoclay
- wind turbine
- polymeric matrix
- blade
- turbine blade
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000012802 nanoclay Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002114 nanocomposite Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920013657 polymer matrix composite Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011160 polymer matrix composite Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 alkyl ammonium cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010073 coating (rubber) Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003733 fiber-reinforced composite Substances 0.000 description 1
- RLQJEEJISHYWON-UHFFFAOYSA-N flonicamid Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=NC=C1C(=O)NCC#N RLQJEEJISHYWON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000271 hectorite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KWLMIXQRALPRBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L hectorite Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-].[OH-].[Na+].[Mg+2].O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]([O-])(O1)O[Si]1([O-])O2 KWLMIXQRALPRBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical class C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000273 nontronite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002892 organic cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000275 saponite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021647 smectite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000269 smectite group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D1/06—Rotors
- F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/005—Reinforced macromolecular compounds with nanosized materials, e.g. nanoparticles, nanofibres, nanotubes, nanowires, nanorods or nanolayered materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/12—Blades
- F01D5/28—Selecting particular materials; Particular measures relating thereto; Measures against erosion or corrosion
- F01D5/282—Selecting composite materials, e.g. blades with reinforcing filaments
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/12—Blades
- F01D5/28—Selecting particular materials; Particular measures relating thereto; Measures against erosion or corrosion
- F01D5/284—Selection of ceramic materials
-
- F03D11/00—
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2280/00—Materials; Properties thereof
- F05B2280/40—Organic materials
- F05B2280/4003—Synthetic polymers, e.g. plastics
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2280/00—Materials; Properties thereof
- F05B2280/60—Properties or characteristics given to material by treatment or manufacturing
- F05B2280/6003—Composites; e.g. fibre-reinforced
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F05C2225/00—Synthetic polymers, e.g. plastics; Rubber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F05C2253/00—Other material characteristics; Treatment of material
- F05C2253/04—Composite, e.g. fibre-reinforced
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
A wind turbine blade 1 comprises a polymeric matrix, which comprises a nanoclay N. The nano clay is provided to improve the blades barrier performance against moisture penetration, and also structural performance. The composite that includes nanoclay may be used in a spar cap, the skin or shell of the blade, or for a coating or adhesive.
Description
2456484
AN IMPROVED COMPOSITE WIND TURBINE BLADE TECHNICAL FIELD
5 The invention relates to a wind turbine blade comprising at least one polymeric matrix. BACKGROUND
In the wind power industry there is an increased focus on offshore applications and on 10 turbines with increased sizes and power outputs. This entails issues regarding the handling of turbine loads, as well as the environment in which the turbines are to operate.
SUMMARY
15
An object of the invention is to increase the resistance of wind turbines to difficult environmental impact, such as in offshore applications.
Another object of the invention is to increase the load handling capacities of wind 20 turbines.
These objects are reached with a wind turbine blade comprising at least one polymeric matrix, at least one of the at least one polymeric matrix comprising a nanoclay.
25 Polymeric matrixes in this context refer to resins and adhesives such as epoxy, fibre-reinforced epoxy (carbon fibre/glass fibre), and polyurethane.
Nanoclays are known per se. (see for example Rice BP, Chen C, Cloos L, Curliss D. "Carbon fiber composites: Organoclay-aerospace epoxy nanocomposites, Part I.", 30 SAMPE Journal 37(5), 7 9 (2001), Zhou G et al., "Nanoclay and long-fiber-reinforced composites based on epoxy and phenolic resins", Journal of applied polymer science. Vol. 108, 3720-3726 (2008), or Marino Quaresimin, Russell J.
Varley "Understanding the cffcct of nano-modifier addition upon the properties of fibre reinforced laminates", Composites Scicncc and Technology 68 (2008) 718-726).
o
Nanoclay composites are known for applications such as rubber coating, packaging, fuel systems, and electronics.
Nanoclays define surface modified montmonllonite clays, with at least one dimension 5 smaller than 100 nm, or masterbatches containing modified clays which are utilized to make a nanocomposite. Nanoclays (originated from clays) are also known as layered silicates. Framework layers of layered silicates are constructed by a combination of tetrahedral and octahedral sheets. Silica is the main component of a tetrahedral sheet while octahedral sheet comprises of many elements such as Al, Mg, and Fe. A natural 10 stacking of tetrahedral and octahedral sheet occurs in the specific ratios and modes, leading to the formation of 2:1 layer silicates.
Nanoclays can include Bentonite, which in turn can include Smectite, which is a clay mineral group characterized as an expanding clay mineral. Smectite group can be 15 further divided into montmorillonite (MMT), nontronite, saponite and hectorite species. Montmorillonite is a clay mineral with a 2:1 expanding crystal lattice. Generally, MMT surfaces are hydrophilic, having poor affinity with hydrophobic organic polymers. Therefore, a proper modification of the clay surfaces through the use of organic cations (e.g. alkyl ammonium cations) is employed, resulting in 20 'organoclays\ Organoclays can then be delaminated into nanoscale platelets by the polymer molecules, leading to the formation of polymer-clay nanocomposites.
Providing the polymeric matrix of a blade structure with a nanoclay will improve the blades' barrier properties which gives a good protection against moisture penetration, 25 which is specially advantageous for wind turbines in off-shore applications and high-moisture areas. The enhanced barrier properties are attributed to the tortuous path that the diffusing species (water or small molecules) must take to pass through the clay-modified nanocomposite. Besides improving the barrier properties, the addition of nanoclays to blade structures can improve the structural performance.
30
3
DESCRPT10N OF THE FIGURES
Below, embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the drawings, in which fig. 1 - fig. 4 show schematic cross-sections of polymer matrix composites, 5 and fig. 5 shows a schematic cross-section of a wind turbine blade.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
In fig. 1 a path of diffusing species in a conventional polymer matrix composite is 10 indicated with an arrow. In fig. 2 - fig. 4 different paths of diffusing species in nanoclay-reinforced polymer matrix composites (intercalated and exfoliated) are indicated with arrows, the nanoclay being denoted N. It can be seen that the path lengths through the nanoclay-reinforced composites are longer than that of a conventional polymer matrix composite.
15
Referring to fig. 5, preferably, the at least one polymeric matrix comprising a nanoclay is included in a carbon fibre and epoxy laminate spar cap 2 of the wind turbine blade 1. This will improve the tensile modulus of the carbon/epoxy laminate, thus enabling the possibility of reducing the carbon fibres. That leads to an efficient 20 weights saving as well as cost saving.
The nanoclay can be included in a variety of parts of the wind turbine blade. In an advantageous embodiment, the at least one polymeric matrix comprising a nanoclay is included in a blade shell 3 of the wind turbine blade. Thereby, the at least one 25 polymeric matrix comprising a nanoclay can be included in a structural composite material of the blade shell 3 This will improve barrier properties and the stiffness of the blade. The nanoclay can be included in the blade shell structure, regardless of whether it is produced from a pre-preg composite, an infusion resin process, or any other suitable composite manufacturing technique.
30
The at least one polymeric matrix comprising a nanoclay can also be included in a coating of the blade shell, thereby improving barrier properties. Further, the at least one polymeric matrix comprising a nanoclay can be included in an adhesive 4 of the blade shell, for example adhesive used to join blade shell parts, or an adhesive joining
4
the blade shell to the spar caps 2. The nanoclay inclusion in adhesives in this manner will improve the bond line's resistance to moisture.
Preferably, the amount of nanoclay in the polymeric matrix is within 1-3 wt%.
5
5
Claims (1)
- 5 l.A wind turbine blade (1) comprising at least one polymeric matrix, at least one of the at least one polymeric matrix comprising a nanoclay (N).2. A wind turbine according to claim 1, wherein the at least one polymeric matrix comprising a nanoclay (N) is included in a carbon fibre and epoxy laminate10 spar cap (2) of the wind turbine blade (1).3. A wind turbine according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one polymeric matrix comprising a nanoclay (N) is included in a blade shell (3) of the wind turbine blade (1).154. A wind turbine according to claim 3, wherein the at least one polymeric matrix comprising a nanoclay (N) is included in a structural composite material of the blade shell (3).20 5. A wind turbine according to any one of the claims 3-4, wherein the at least one polymeric matrix comprising a nanoclay (N) is included in a coating of the blade shell (3).6. A wind turbine according to any one of the claims 3-5, wherein the at least one25 polymeric matrix comprising a nanoclay (N) is included in an adhesive (4) of the blade shell.307. A wind turbine according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the amount of nanoclay (N) in the polymeric matrix is within 1-3 wt%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0909917A GB2456484A (en) | 2009-06-10 | 2009-06-10 | Wind turbine blade incorporating nanoclay |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0909917A GB2456484A (en) | 2009-06-10 | 2009-06-10 | Wind turbine blade incorporating nanoclay |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB0909917D0 GB0909917D0 (en) | 2009-07-22 |
| GB2456484A true GB2456484A (en) | 2009-07-22 |
Family
ID=40794152
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0909917A Pending GB2456484A (en) | 2009-06-10 | 2009-06-10 | Wind turbine blade incorporating nanoclay |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2456484A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2010057502A2 (en) * | 2008-11-24 | 2010-05-27 | Vestas Wind Systems A/S | Wind turbine blade comprising particle-reinforced bonding material |
| CN102822506A (en) * | 2010-01-14 | 2012-12-12 | 萨博公司 | A wind turbine blade having an outer surface with improved properties |
| RU2493337C1 (en) * | 2012-01-10 | 2013-09-20 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Коммерческое научно-производственное объединение "Уральская армирующая компания" | Composition to reinforce building structures |
| CN103568332A (en) * | 2012-07-23 | 2014-02-12 | 美利肯公司 | Agglomerated particle cloud network coated fiber bundle |
| DK178435B1 (en) * | 2011-01-28 | 2016-02-22 | Gen Electric | Wind turbine blades with a hardened substrate construction |
| CN110617175A (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2019-12-27 | 张跃 | Wind power generation blade |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2004106420A2 (en) * | 2003-05-22 | 2004-12-09 | Zyvex Corporation | Nanocomposites and method for production |
| US20070072981A1 (en) * | 2003-11-04 | 2007-03-29 | Michelle Miller | Two component curable compositions |
| WO2009023643A1 (en) * | 2007-08-13 | 2009-02-19 | Smart Nanomaterials, Llc | Nano-enhanced modularly constructed composite panel |
-
2009
- 2009-06-10 GB GB0909917A patent/GB2456484A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2004106420A2 (en) * | 2003-05-22 | 2004-12-09 | Zyvex Corporation | Nanocomposites and method for production |
| US20070072981A1 (en) * | 2003-11-04 | 2007-03-29 | Michelle Miller | Two component curable compositions |
| WO2009023643A1 (en) * | 2007-08-13 | 2009-02-19 | Smart Nanomaterials, Llc | Nano-enhanced modularly constructed composite panel |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| Nanoclay makes composite material stronger, accessed 16 June 2009 http: //www.hollandtrade.com/vko/zoeken/Show Bouwsteen.asp?bstnum=1005&location=/vko/MIH/mih.asp?bron=nanotechnology * |
| Wind blade manufacturing, accessed 16 June 2009 http ://www.compositesworld.com/articles/wind-blade-manufacturing-part-ii-are-thermoplastic-composites-the-future.aspx * |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2010057502A2 (en) * | 2008-11-24 | 2010-05-27 | Vestas Wind Systems A/S | Wind turbine blade comprising particle-reinforced bonding material |
| WO2010057502A3 (en) * | 2008-11-24 | 2010-07-22 | Vestas Wind Systems A/S | Wind turbine blade comprising particle-reinforced bonding material |
| CN102822506A (en) * | 2010-01-14 | 2012-12-12 | 萨博公司 | A wind turbine blade having an outer surface with improved properties |
| DK178435B1 (en) * | 2011-01-28 | 2016-02-22 | Gen Electric | Wind turbine blades with a hardened substrate construction |
| RU2493337C1 (en) * | 2012-01-10 | 2013-09-20 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Коммерческое научно-производственное объединение "Уральская армирующая компания" | Composition to reinforce building structures |
| CN103568332A (en) * | 2012-07-23 | 2014-02-12 | 美利肯公司 | Agglomerated particle cloud network coated fiber bundle |
| CN110617175A (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2019-12-27 | 张跃 | Wind power generation blade |
| WO2021078146A1 (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2021-04-29 | 张跃 | Wind power generation blade |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB0909917D0 (en) | 2009-07-22 |
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