GB2395564A - An electrochemical gas sensor with a liquid organic salt electrolyte - Google Patents
An electrochemical gas sensor with a liquid organic salt electrolyte Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2395564A GB2395564A GB0322618A GB0322618A GB2395564A GB 2395564 A GB2395564 A GB 2395564A GB 0322618 A GB0322618 A GB 0322618A GB 0322618 A GB0322618 A GB 0322618A GB 2395564 A GB2395564 A GB 2395564A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- electrochemical sensor
- sensor according
- electrolyte
- ethyl
- sensor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title abstract description 4
- -1 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazoline tetrafluoroborate Chemical compound 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- UPPMLNGLVORNMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolidine;hydrochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC[NH+]1CCN(C)C1 UPPMLNGLVORNMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 150000002460 imidazoles Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229940079865 intestinal antiinfectives imidazole derivative Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 150000003222 pyridines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KTVVBUZEEYTRHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methyl-4,5-dihydro-1h-imidazol-3-ium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+]1=CNCC1 KTVVBUZEEYTRHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002879 Lewis base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007527 lewis bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/403—Cells and electrode assemblies
- G01N27/404—Cells with anode, cathode and cell electrolyte on the same side of a permeable membrane which separates them from the sample fluid, e.g. Clark-type oxygen sensors
- G01N27/4045—Cells with anode, cathode and cell electrolyte on the same side of a permeable membrane which separates them from the sample fluid, e.g. Clark-type oxygen sensors for gases other than oxygen
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/06—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances
- H01B1/12—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances organic substances
- H01B1/122—Ionic conductors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/14—Fuel cells with fused electrolytes
- H01M8/144—Fuel cells with fused electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
- G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
- G01N33/0027—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector
- G01N33/0036—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector specially adapted to detect a particular component
- G01N33/004—CO or CO2
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0048—Molten electrolytes used at high temperature
- H01M2300/0062—Nitrates
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Measuring Oxygen Concentration In Cells (AREA)
Abstract
An electrochemical gas sensor is disclosed wherein the electrolyte is a liquid organic salt. The electrolyte may be, an organically based salt selected from the group consisting of imidazole derivatives and pyridine derivatives. The salt may be, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazoline tetrafluoroborate or 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazoline chloride. The electrolyte may be contained in a fibrous fleece for example a fleece consisting of silicates or polymers. The sensor may be implemented amperometrically or potentiometrically. When operated potentionometrically two ore three electrode configurations may be used. In use the sensor may be used to determine air quality or as a fire detection sensor.
Description
Electrochemical sensor with ionic liquids as electrolyte The invention
relates to an electrochemical sensor with 5 ionic liquids as electrolyte, in particular for detecting gases in the ambient air, according to the preamble to Claim 1.
Prior Art
For the purpose of detecting gases in the ambient air, use is made commercially of, in particular, electrochemical cells incorporating the amperometric measuring principle.
In this case, fibrous fleeces impregnated with H2SO4 are employed almost exclusively as electrolytes. The sulfuric acid is in equilibrium with the moisture of the ambient air. The absorbed water and the sulfuric acid then jointly constitute the actual electrolyte.
20 The operational life of the electrolyte is determined by the evaporation of the sulfuric acid. If the amount of sulfuric acid diminishes, less water is absorbed. In order to increase the operational life, an additional reservoir of electrolyte is often provided. As a rule, the 25 operational life is specified at two years.
In connection with the development of environmentally acceptable processes, attempts have been made in chemistry to replace organic solvents with so-called ionic liquids.
30 Ionic liquids are salts that melt at low temperatures.
These liquids are distinguished by a vanishingly low vapour pressure below their decomposition-temperature.
Ionic liquids have also already been proposed as electrolytes. For instance, US-A-5,855,809 discloses inorganic ionic liquids that act as electrolytes and do not melt at room temperature. In this case it is a question of 5 "quasi-salt" inorganic ionic liquids that produce a reaction product of a strong Lewis acid with an inorganic halogen-donor. Furthermore, "quasi-salt" inorganic ionic liquid mixtures are described that comprise combinations of electrolytic additives and "quasi-salt" inorganic ionic 10 liquids.
In US-A-5,171,649 an electrochemical high-voltage cell is described which contains an active metal, for example sodium, by way of anode, a mixture of a transition-metal 15 halide or sulfide, such as CuC12 for example, and graphite by way of cathode, as well as an electrolyte of a chloroaluminate that is molten at room temperature, such as, for example, 1-methyl-3-ethylimidazolinium chloride AlCl3, which has been buffered to Lewis acid/base 20 neutrality by an excess of metal halide, for example NaCl.
Advantages of the Invention The electrochemical sensor according to the invention has 25 the advantage over the prior art that the compounds that
are used have a lower vapour pressure. By skilful choice of the organic portion; the cross-sensitivity to moisture can be reduced or eliminated.
30 Advantageous further developments of the invention will become apparent from the measures specified in the dependent claims.
- - Thus it is advantageous if the ionic liquids according to the invention are applied onto fibrous fleeces, since in this way a better fixation of the solutions can be achieved, and, in addition, no great restrictions in terms 5 of space are to be expected when the sensors are being installed. Brief Description of the Drawings
10 Exemplary embodiments of the invention are represented in the drawings and will be elucidated in more detail in the following description. Shown are:
Fig. 1: schematically, the operating principle of an 15 electrochemical sensor on the basis of an example provided by a CO-sensor; Fig. 2: schematically, a first embodiment of an electrochemical sensor according to the invention incorporating the amperometric measuring principle; and 20 Figs. 3A to 3C: schematically, a second embodiment of an electrochemical sensor according to the invention incorporating the potentiometric measuring principle.
Exemplary Embodiments Known electrochemical sensors mostly operate in accordance with the tried and tested amperometric measuring principle.
This principle of measurement ensures a reliable measurement with stable zero-point and stable measurement 30 signal. Further advantages are a low temperature coefficient of the measurement signal, a linear relationship between sensor signal and gas concentration, and a rapid response.
The basic structure of such a sensor with sulfuric acid as electrolyte is represented in Fig. 1. The gas sensor operates in accordance with the principle of the 5 electrochemical fuel cell. Molecules arriving at the working electrode 10 are oxidised and reduced, respectively, in accordance with equation (1). At the counter-electrode 11 a conversion of oxygen takes place (equation (2)), which is taken up or given off, depending 10 on the type of reaction. The reactions at the working electrode and at the counter-electrode are listed below: Working electrode Counter-electrode 15 Oxidation reactions: 2CO + 2H2O -> 2CO2 + 4H+ + 4e (1) O2 + 4H+ + 4e -> 2H2O (2) 2NO + 4H2O 2NHO3 + 6H+ + 6e 3/2O2 + 6H+ + Be 3H2O 2SO2 + 4H2O 2H2SO4 + 4H+ + de O2 + 4H+ + 4e 2H2O 20 H2S + 4H2O H2SO4 + SH+ + 8e 2O2 + 8H + Be -> 4H2O According to the invention, use is now made of ionic liquids in the form of organically based salts by way of electrolytes, in place of sulfuric acid. These salts may be, for example, imidazole derivatives and pyridine 25 derivatives. Use is advantageously made of 1-ethyl-3-
methylimidazolinium tetrafluoroborate or 1-ethyl-3-
methylimidazolinium chloride, since these compounds diminish the crosssensitivity to moisture.
30 One possible structure is shown in Fig. 2. In a housing 12 the electrolyte 13 is introduced between the working electrode 10 and the counter-electrode 11. The working electrode 10 and the counter-electrode 11 each have an
output line 14 leading to an amplifier 15 which amplifies the amperometric signals. The supply of gases is limited _ by the diffusion barrier 19; hence limiting-current operation is facilitated.
It is also possible to arrange an inert fibrous fleece, consisting for example of silicates or polymers, that is impregnated with the ionic liquid, for example 1-ethyl-3 methylimidazolinium tetrafluoroborate, between the 10 electrodes 10, 11. In this case, active platinum black is applied onto two gas-permeable Teflon membranes and contacted with a platinum wire, and the two electrodes are placed on opposite sides of the fleece. One side has the test gas supplied to it, the other a reference gas, and 15 subsequently amperometric measurements are taken.
As shown in Figs. 3A and 3B, a potentiometric measurement with the aid of two-electrode systems is also possible. To this end, an arrangement consisting of a working electrode 20 16, for example Ag/AgCl, and a reference electrode 17, for example Pt. is created and is arranged on opposite sides of the electrolyte 13. It is also possible to arrange the working electrode 16 and the reference electrode 17 on a substrate (for example, Al2O3, Si) and to coat it with an 25 ionic liquid, for example 1ethyl-3-methylimidazolinium chloride. This arrangement has gas supplied to it, and the potential arising is evaluated.
An alternative measuring possibility with a three-electrode 30 system is shown in Fig. 3C. In this arrangement the working and reference electrodes 16, 17 are located on one side of the electrolyte, while a counter-electrode 18 is placed on the other side. By virtue of this three
electrode arrangement, overvoltage effects and polarization effects can be compensated or determined. Here too, of course, a potentiometric measuring principle may be employed.
Claims (11)
- l Claims 1. An electrochemical sensor with ionic liquids as 5 electrolyte(13), in particular for detecting gases in the ambient air, characterised in that the ionic liquids are organically based salts.
- 2. Electrochemical sensor according to Claim 1, 10 characterised in that the organically based salts are selected from the group consisting of imidazole derivatives and pyridine derivatives.
- 3. Electrochemical sensor according to Claim 2, 15 characterised in that the organically based salt is 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolinium tetrafluoroborate or 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolinium chloride.
- 4. Electrochemical sensor according one of the preceding 20 claims, characterised in that the ionic liquid is capable of being applied onto fibrous fleeces.
- 5. Electrochemical sensor according to Claim 4, characterised in that the fibrous fleece consists of 25 silicates or polymers.
- 6. Electrochemical sensor according one of the preceding claims, characterised in that detection is capable of being implemented amperometrically or potentiometrically.
- 7. Electrochemical sensor according to Claim 6, characterised in that the potentiometric measurement iscapable of being implemented with the aid of a two electrode system (10, 11). _
- 8. Electrochemical sensor according to Claim 6, 5 characterized in that the potentiometric measurement is capable of being implemented with the aid of a three-electrode system (16, 17, 18).
- 9. Use of an electrochemical sensor according to one of 10 the preceding claims as an air-quality sensor or fire-detection sensor.
- 10. An electrochemical sensor substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
- 11. A use of an electrochemical sensor, the use being substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10245337.3A DE10245337B4 (en) | 2002-09-27 | 2002-09-27 | Electrochemical sensor with ionic liquids as electrolyte |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB0322618D0 GB0322618D0 (en) | 2003-10-29 |
| GB2395564A true GB2395564A (en) | 2004-05-26 |
| GB2395564B GB2395564B (en) | 2004-12-22 |
Family
ID=29285741
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0322618A Expired - Lifetime GB2395564B (en) | 2002-09-27 | 2003-09-26 | Electrochemical sensor with ionic liquids as electrolyte |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE10245337B4 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2395564B (en) |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2424484A (en) * | 2005-03-24 | 2006-09-27 | Molins Plc | A smoking machine |
| GB2426343A (en) * | 2005-05-04 | 2006-11-22 | Draegerwerk Ag | An electrochemical sensor having an ionic liquid electrolyte open to the atmosphere |
| WO2008110830A1 (en) * | 2007-03-15 | 2008-09-18 | Anaxsys Technology Ltd | Electrochemical sensor |
| WO2010063624A1 (en) * | 2008-12-01 | 2010-06-10 | Msa Auer Gmbh | Electrochemical gas sensors with ionic liquid electrolyte systems |
| WO2010063626A1 (en) * | 2008-12-01 | 2010-06-10 | Msa Auer Gmbh | Electrochemical gas sensor with an ionic liquid electrolyte system including at least one monoalkylammonium, dialkylammonium, or trialkylammonium cation |
| DE102008044239A1 (en) * | 2008-12-01 | 2010-06-10 | Msa Auer Gmbh | Electrochemical gas sensor used for detecting or measuring chlorine, fluorine, bromine, oxygen or chlorine dioxide, comprises housing with inlet opening, where housing includes two electrodes connected by conductive electrolyte system |
| EP2226627A1 (en) | 2009-03-06 | 2010-09-08 | Life Safety Distribution AG | Liquid electrolyte composition and its use in gas sensors |
| GB2507042A (en) * | 2012-10-16 | 2014-04-23 | Schlumberger Holdings | Hydrogen sensor |
| US20140251834A1 (en) * | 2011-10-05 | 2014-09-11 | Utc Fire & Security Corporation | Gas sensor |
| US9213013B2 (en) | 2011-03-28 | 2015-12-15 | Stichting Imec Nederland | Electrochemical ethylene sensor and method for monitoring ethylene |
| WO2019144134A2 (en) | 2018-01-22 | 2019-07-25 | InSyte Systems, Inc. | Low impedance sensor for low density materials |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7060169B2 (en) * | 2002-08-14 | 2006-06-13 | Mst Technology Gmbh | Electrochemical cell for gas sensor |
| CN101059475B (en) * | 2007-05-29 | 2010-05-19 | 上海师范大学 | An Ampere Type Humidity Sensing Device |
| DE102008044238A1 (en) | 2008-12-01 | 2010-06-10 | Msa Auer Gmbh | Electrochemical gas sensor used for detecting or measuring chlorine, fluorine, bromine, oxygen or chlorine dioxide, comprises ionic liquid as electrolyte, where ionic liquid comprises organic, organometallic and/or inorganic additives |
| DE102013007872B4 (en) | 2013-05-08 | 2015-01-22 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Electrochemical gas sensor, process for its production and its use |
| SG10201705211VA (en) | 2017-06-22 | 2019-01-30 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Electrochemical sensor for detecting gases |
| EP4155723A1 (en) | 2021-09-23 | 2023-03-29 | Dräger Safety AG & Co. KGaA | Electrochemical gas sensor and electrolyte for an electrochemical gas sensor |
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| US4495051A (en) * | 1983-09-30 | 1985-01-22 | Japan Storage Battery Company Limited | Galvanic cell type oxygen sensor |
| EP0887641A1 (en) * | 1997-06-23 | 1998-12-30 | General Electric Company | Electrochemical sensor for detection of chlorine in phosgene |
| GB2340249A (en) * | 1997-07-02 | 2000-02-16 | Mine Safety Appliances Co | Electrochemical sensor for the detection of hydrogen cyanide and method of use thereof |
| US6248224B1 (en) * | 1999-05-12 | 2001-06-19 | Mst Analytics Inc. | Toxic sensor and method of manufacture |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US5171649A (en) | 1991-01-31 | 1992-12-15 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Cell with active metal electrode and molten salt electrolyte |
| EP0718288B8 (en) | 1994-12-21 | 2005-10-26 | Hydro Quebec | Liquid hydrophobic salts, their preparation and their use in electrochemistry |
| US5855809A (en) | 1995-11-13 | 1999-01-05 | Arizona Board Of Regents | Electrochemically stable electrolytes |
| US6368486B1 (en) | 2000-03-28 | 2002-04-09 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Low temperature alkali metal electrolysis |
| ATE423399T1 (en) | 2000-06-01 | 2009-03-15 | Idatech Llc | FUEL CELLS AND FUEL CELL SYSTEMS WITH NON-AQUEOUS ELECTROLYTES |
| US7060169B2 (en) | 2002-08-14 | 2006-06-13 | Mst Technology Gmbh | Electrochemical cell for gas sensor |
-
2002
- 2002-09-27 DE DE10245337.3A patent/DE10245337B4/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2003
- 2003-09-26 GB GB0322618A patent/GB2395564B/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4495051A (en) * | 1983-09-30 | 1985-01-22 | Japan Storage Battery Company Limited | Galvanic cell type oxygen sensor |
| EP0887641A1 (en) * | 1997-06-23 | 1998-12-30 | General Electric Company | Electrochemical sensor for detection of chlorine in phosgene |
| GB2340249A (en) * | 1997-07-02 | 2000-02-16 | Mine Safety Appliances Co | Electrochemical sensor for the detection of hydrogen cyanide and method of use thereof |
| US6248224B1 (en) * | 1999-05-12 | 2001-06-19 | Mst Analytics Inc. | Toxic sensor and method of manufacture |
Cited By (33)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2424484B (en) * | 2005-03-24 | 2009-10-07 | Molins Plc | Analysing equipment |
| GB2424484A (en) * | 2005-03-24 | 2006-09-27 | Molins Plc | A smoking machine |
| US7758735B2 (en) | 2005-05-04 | 2010-07-20 | DRäGERWERK AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT | Open electrochemical sensor |
| GB2426343A (en) * | 2005-05-04 | 2006-11-22 | Draegerwerk Ag | An electrochemical sensor having an ionic liquid electrolyte open to the atmosphere |
| GB2426343B (en) * | 2005-05-04 | 2007-09-19 | Draegerwerk Ag | Open electrochemical sensor |
| WO2008110830A1 (en) * | 2007-03-15 | 2008-09-18 | Anaxsys Technology Ltd | Electrochemical sensor |
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| CN103926306A (en) * | 2008-12-01 | 2014-07-16 | Msa奥尔有限责任公司 | Electrochemical gas sensors with ionic liquid electrolyte systems |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2395564B (en) | 2004-12-22 |
| DE10245337A1 (en) | 2004-04-08 |
| GB0322618D0 (en) | 2003-10-29 |
| DE10245337B4 (en) | 2018-12-20 |
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