GB2362850A - Hollow article manufacture using dendrimer based adhesives. - Google Patents
Hollow article manufacture using dendrimer based adhesives. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2362850A GB2362850A GB0005664A GB0005664A GB2362850A GB 2362850 A GB2362850 A GB 2362850A GB 0005664 A GB0005664 A GB 0005664A GB 0005664 A GB0005664 A GB 0005664A GB 2362850 A GB2362850 A GB 2362850A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- hollow article
- layer
- dendrimer
- article according
- polymer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000412 dendrimer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 229920000736 dendritic polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 title description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 title 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004811 fluoropolymer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- -1 ethylenepropylene, isobutene-isoprene Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- ZVJOQYFQSQJDDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,3,3,4,4,4-octafluorobut-1-ene Chemical compound FC(F)=C(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F ZVJOQYFQSQJDDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Difluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DMHFWNCPWYCBJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromo-2-methylprop-1-ene;2-methylbuta-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC(C)=CBr.CC(=C)C=C DMHFWNCPWYCBJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YFTKIVOJAABDIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-nitrobuta-1,3-diene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C=CC=C YFTKIVOJAABDIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004709 Chlorinated polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005556 chlorobutyl Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- YACLQRRMGMJLJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroprene Chemical compound ClC(=C)C=C YACLQRRMGMJLJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940117927 ethylene oxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002924 oxiranes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- DAFIBNSJXIGBQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluoroisobutene Chemical compound FC(F)=C(C(F)(F)F)C(F)(F)F DAFIBNSJXIGBQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002620 polyvinyl fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011115 styrene butadiene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002725 thermoplastic elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229940058401 polytetrafluoroethylene Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XUCNUKMRBVNAPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoroethene Chemical compound FC=C XUCNUKMRBVNAPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/10—Interconnection of layers at least one layer having inter-reactive properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
- B32B1/08—Tubular products
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/34—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyamides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D88/00—Large containers
- B65D88/16—Large containers flexible
- B65D88/1606—Large containers flexible double-walled or with linings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/12—Bonding of a preformed macromolecular material to the same or other solid material such as metal, glass, leather, e.g. using adhesives
- C08J5/124—Bonding of a preformed macromolecular material to the same or other solid material such as metal, glass, leather, e.g. using adhesives using adhesives based on a macromolecular component
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J201/00—Adhesives based on unspecified macromolecular compounds
- C09J201/005—Dendritic macromolecules
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
- B32B2305/08—Reinforcements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
- F16L11/04—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics
- F16L2011/047—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with a diffusion barrier layer
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
- Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
Abstract
A hollow article (1) comprising a multi-layer wall in which two adjacent layers (2,3) of different polymer materials are adhered together by a dendrimer (4). The dendrimer (4) provided between the two layers bonds to the first layer (2) and provides sites (5) for binding with sites (6) on the second layer (3). The first layer (2) may be any nylon homopolymer or copolymer and the second adjacent layer (3) may be another nylon homopolymer or copolymer different to the first layer (2) or alternatively a fluoropolymer. Also disclosed is a method for making the hollow article and use of the hollow article as a fuel pipe or fuel tank.
Description
2362850 1 IMPROVEMENTS IN OR RELATING TO HOLLOW ARTICLES This invention
concerns improvements in or relating to hollow articles. The invention has particular, but not exclusive, application to hollow articles such as fuel tanks and fuel pipes for use in automotive vehicles to store and transport fuel in liquid and vapour form.
The fuel systems currently employed to hold and deliver fuel to the engines of automotive vehicles commonly include fuel tanks and fuel pipes of polymeric material to contain the fuel and prevent escape of hydrocarbons from the fuel.
The evaporative emission requirements of the fuel system are regularly reviewed with the objective of reducing the level of emissions, and in particular the level of emissions of hydrocarbons. Such reduction is desirable from both safety and environmental aspects and has lead to the development and use of fuel tanks and fuel pipes having multi-layer walls with layers of different polymers to provide the required properties.
To this end, there has been a trend in recent years to construct components of fuel systems with walls having one or more layers of fluoropolymer materials which act as a barrier to prevent the hydrocarbons in the fuel permeating through the pipe together with one or more additional layers of other polymer materials to provide other properties in the finished component, for example impact and burst strength, abrasion resistance, etc. The use of such fluoropolymer materials has enabled manufacturers to reduce the hydrocarbon emission characteristics of fuel systems to comply with the current regulations controlling such emissions.
2 The available fluoropolymer materials are expensive, however, and there are problems for the manufacture of fuel systems incorporating these materials. Thus, the fluoropolymer materials are incapable of providing the range of properties required and other polymer materials have to be included to produce components such as fuel tanks and fuel pipes which meet the performance levels set by the automotive industry. The fluoropolymer materials, however, do not bond well to the other polymer materials commonly employed to provide the required range of properties in the finished component. Various proposals have been made to improve the adhesion between the layers of fluoropolymer and other polymer materials but these have not been completely successful.
Accordingly, there is a need for improving the adhesion between the different polymer materials employed and, in particular, for producing hollow articles with multi-layer walls including one or,more layers of fluoropolymer materials effectively adhered to one or more layers of other polymer materials.
The present invention has been made with this in mind and provides according to a first aspect of the invention a hollow article comprising a multi-layer wall in which two adjacent layers of different polymer materials are adhered together by a dendrimer.
Dendrimers or dendritic polymers are known per se and are characterised by having a highly branched structure with a large number of end groups.
The present invention is based on the appreciation by the inventors that dendrimers can be very finely tuned to provide adhesive properties between two or more different polymers on the same dendritic molecule.
3 As a result, polymers that will not normally adhere well to each other can be caused to adhere together by selection of the dendrimer with end groups (functionality) which, when the dendrimer is incorporated in a polymer will attract and bind to another polymer.
This may be achieved by adding the specific dendrimer material to one of the two polymer materials so that, upon contact in the molten state, the dendritic molecules provide strong adhesion between the polymer materials.
According to a second aspect of the invention there is provided a method of manufacturing a hollow article having a multilayer wall in which at least two adjacent layers comprise different polymer materials, the method comprising selecting a dendrimer having a functionality compatible with 15 the functionality of one of the polymer materials, adding the selected dendrimer to the other polymer material, and forming an hollow article having a layer formed by said one polymer material and an adjacent layer formed by said other polymer material whereby the layers are adhered together by the dendrimer.
The invention has particular application for the manufacture of hollow articles forming components of a fuel system for an automotive vehicle such as a fuel tank or a fuel pipe for storing and transporting fuel to an engine. Thus, the selection and use of polymer materials to provide desired properties for a particular application, such as the components of a fuel system, can be made and the required adhesion between the polymer materials obtained by matching the dendrimer added to one of the polymer materials to the other polymer material. More particularly, the adhesion is provided by the dendrimer and is not dependent on the 4 properties of the polymer materials which can be chosen to suit the particular application.
The invention will now be described in more detail by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawing which illustrates diagrammatically the application of the invention to a fuel pipe.
Referring to the drawing, there is shown part of a fuel pipe 1 for use in an automotive vehicle to transport fuel from a fuel tank (not shown) to an internal combustion engine (not shown).
The fuel pipe 1 has a multi-layer wall formed by extrusion of the individual layers of polymer materials. In this embodiment, two adjacent layers designated by the reference numeral 2 and 3 are shown. Layer 2 can be any nylon homopolymer or copolymer and layer 3 can be another nylon homopolymer or copolymer different to layer 2. Alternatively, layer 3 may be a fluoropolymer.
Layer 2 is modified by the addition of a dendrimer either by reaction or by compounding with the nylon material of layer 2. The dendritic molecules of which one is shown designated by the reference numeral 4 bond to the nylon material of layer 2 and provide a plurality of sites designated generally by reference numeral 5 for binding with the polymer of the adjacent layer 3 at sites indicated generally by reference numeral 6 so as to adhere the layers 2 and 3 to each other.
The dendrimer is chosen to provide sites 5 with a functionality for attracting and binding with the functionality of the sites 6. In this way the addition of the dendrimer to the polymer of layer 2 promotes adhesion of the layer 3 to the layer 2. By varying the functionality of the sites 5, the dendrimer can be adapted for attracting and binding to any desired polymer. For example, it is envisaged that the functionality of the sites 5 and 6 may be provided by any of the groups including hydroxyl, epoxide, carboxyl, carboxylic acid, fatty acid, acrylate, anhydride, vinyl, isocyanate, ionic, olefin, alcohol, ether, allyl, and fluoro. As a result, the invention provides a simple and effective way of adhering two different polymer materials to each other.
Thus, it is envisaged that the dendrimer can be designed to provide dendritic molecules with specific functionality for a range of fuel system materials including bromoisobutene-isoprene, polybutadiene, chlorinated butyl rubber, chlorinated polyethylene, polychloromethoxirene, chloroprene, chlorosulfonopolyethylene, ethyleneoxide, terpolymers of ethylenepropylenediene, copolymers of ethylenepropylenediene, copolymers of ethylenepropylene, isobutene-isoprene, nitryl butadiene, styrenebutadiene, polysulfide, polyphenolsulfide, polysulf'ones, polyamides, polyesters, polypropylene, vinylidene fluoride, vinyl fluoride, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinyl fluoride, polychlorotrifluoroethylene, ethylene tetrafluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, perfluorobutene, perfluoroisobutene, thermoplastic elastomers.
hexafluoroproprene, Although the invention has been described with particular reference to fuel pipes, it will be understood that the use of dendrimers to provide adhesion between layers of different polymers may be employed in the construction of other components of a fuel system, for example fuel tanks in which the layers forming the wall of the tank may be formed by moulding.
6 In the application of the invention to components of a fuel system such as fuel tanks or fuel pipes, the component may have a wall made up of several layers of polymer materials with optional reinforcement either by addition of reinforcing material to the polymer material of one or more layers or by one or more layers of reinforcing material between adjacent layers of polymer material.
Finally it will be understood, that the invention has wider application than to components of a fuel system and is intended to include any hollow articles having a multilayer wall with individual layers of different polymers adhering to each other.
7
Claims (17)
1. A hollow article comprising a multi-layer wall in which two adjacent layers of different polymer materials are adhered together by a 5 dendrimer.
2. A hollow article according to claim 1, wherein the dendrimer is chosen to bond to a first of the adjacent layers and provide sites with a functionality for attracting and binding with the functionality of sites on a second of the adjacent layers.
3. A hollow article according to claim 2, wherein the first layer is a nylon homopolymer or copolymer and the second layer is a nylon homopolymer or copolymer different to the first layer.
is
4. A hollow article according to claim 2, wherein the first layer is a nylon homopolymer or copolymer and the second layer is a fluoropolymer.
5. A hollow article according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the dendrimer bonds to the nylon material of the first layer and provides a plurality of sites for binding with the polymer of the second layer at sites on the second layer.
6. A hollow article according to any one of claims 2-5, wherein the sites on the dendrimer and second layer may be provided by any of the groups including hydroxyl, epoxide, carboxyl, carboxylic acid, fatty acid, acrylate, anhydride, vinyl, isocyanate, ionic, olefin, alcohol, ether, allyl, and fluoro.
8
7. A hollow article according to any of the preceding claims, in which the dendrimer can be designed to provide dendritic molecules with specific functionality for a range of fuel system materials including bromoisobutene-isoprene, polybutadiene, chlorinated butyl rubber, chlorinated polyethylene, polychloromethoxirene, chloroprene, chlorosulfonopolyethylene, ethyleneoxide, terpolymers of ethylenepropylenediene, copolymers of ethylenepropylenediene, copolymers of ethylenepropylene, isobutene-isoprene, nitryl butadiene, styrenebutadiene, polysulfide, polyphenolsulfide, polysulfones, polyamides, polyesters, polypropylene, fluoride, polyvinylidene fluoride, polychlorotrifluoroethylene, ethylene tetrafluoroethylene, polytetrafluoroethyl ene, vinylidene fluoride, vinyl polyvinyl fluoride, tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoroproprene, perfluorobutene, perfluoroisobutene, thermoplastic elastomers.
8. A hollow article according to any preceding claim, wherein the hollow article is a fuel pipe.
9. A hollow article according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the 20 hollow article is a fuel tank.
10. A hollow article according to claim 8 or claim 9, wherein a reinforcing material has-been added to the polymer material of one or more of the adjacent layers.
11. A hollow article according to claim 8 or claim 9 wherein one or more layers of a reinforcing material is placed between adjacent layers of polymer material.
9
12. A method of manufacturing a hollow article as according to any preceding claim, having a multilayer wall in which at least two adjacent layers comprise different polymer materials, the method comprising selecting a dendrimer having a functionality compatible with the 5 functionality of one of the polymer materials, adding the selected dendrimer to the other polymer material, and forming an hollow article having a layer formed by said one polymer material and an adjacent layer formed by said other polymer material whereby the layers are adhered together by the dendrimer.
13. A method of manufacturing a hollow article according to claim 12, wherein the multi-layer wall is formed by extrusion of the individual layers of polymer materials.
14. A method of manufacturing a hollow article according to claim 12 wherein the multi layer wall is formed by moulding.
15. A method of manufacturing a hollow article according to any one of claims 12-14, wherein the polymer material to which the dendrimer is added is modified by the addition of the dendrimer either by reaction or by compounding with the polymer.
16. A. hollow article substantially as described herein and with reference to the drawing.
17. A method of manufacturing a hollow container substantially as described herein.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0005664A GB2362850B (en) | 2000-03-10 | 2000-03-10 | Improvements in or relating to hollow articles |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0005664A GB2362850B (en) | 2000-03-10 | 2000-03-10 | Improvements in or relating to hollow articles |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB0005664D0 GB0005664D0 (en) | 2000-05-03 |
| GB2362850A true GB2362850A (en) | 2001-12-05 |
| GB2362850B GB2362850B (en) | 2004-04-21 |
Family
ID=9887271
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0005664A Expired - Fee Related GB2362850B (en) | 2000-03-10 | 2000-03-10 | Improvements in or relating to hollow articles |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2362850B (en) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1070748A1 (en) * | 1999-07-20 | 2001-01-24 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Powder coating compositions, their preparation and use |
| US6225404B1 (en) * | 1996-05-28 | 2001-05-01 | Perstorp Ab | Thermoplastic compound |
| US6228978B1 (en) * | 1997-06-25 | 2001-05-08 | Exxon Mobil Chemical Patents Inc | Star-branched polymer with dendrimer core |
-
2000
- 2000-03-10 GB GB0005664A patent/GB2362850B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6225404B1 (en) * | 1996-05-28 | 2001-05-01 | Perstorp Ab | Thermoplastic compound |
| US6228978B1 (en) * | 1997-06-25 | 2001-05-08 | Exxon Mobil Chemical Patents Inc | Star-branched polymer with dendrimer core |
| EP1070748A1 (en) * | 1999-07-20 | 2001-01-24 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Powder coating compositions, their preparation and use |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2362850B (en) | 2004-04-21 |
| GB0005664D0 (en) | 2000-05-03 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| COOA | Change in applicant's name or ownership of the application | ||
| COOA | Change in applicant's name or ownership of the application | ||
| 732E | Amendments to the register in respect of changes of name or changes affecting rights (sect. 32/1977) | ||
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20040721 |
|
| 732E | Amendments to the register in respect of changes of name or changes affecting rights (sect. 32/1977) |