GB2300577A - Sorbing apparatus - Google Patents
Sorbing apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2300577A GB2300577A GB9509640A GB9509640A GB2300577A GB 2300577 A GB2300577 A GB 2300577A GB 9509640 A GB9509640 A GB 9509640A GB 9509640 A GB9509640 A GB 9509640A GB 2300577 A GB2300577 A GB 2300577A
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- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- sorbent
- layer
- sorbing
- particle size
- chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 239000002594 sorbent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- WSWCOQWTEOXDQX-MQQKCMAXSA-M (E,E)-sorbate Chemical compound C\C=C\C=C\C([O-])=O WSWCOQWTEOXDQX-MQQKCMAXSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241001507939 Cormus domestica Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940075554 sorbate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
- B01D53/0407—Constructional details of adsorbing systems
- B01D53/0446—Means for feeding or distributing gases
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
- B01D53/0462—Temperature swing adsorption
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
- B01D53/047—Pressure swing adsorption
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
- B01D2253/30—Physical properties of adsorbents
- B01D2253/302—Dimensions
- B01D2253/304—Linear dimensions, e.g. particle shape, diameter
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2256/00—Main component in the product gas stream after treatment
- B01D2256/12—Oxygen
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/80—Water
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
- B01D2259/40083—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption
- B01D2259/40086—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption by using a purge gas
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
- B01D2259/40083—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption
- B01D2259/40088—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption by heating
- B01D2259/4009—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption by heating using hot gas
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
- B01D2259/402—Further details for adsorption processes and devices using two beds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
- B01D2259/414—Further details for adsorption processes and devices using different types of adsorbents
- B01D2259/4141—Further details for adsorption processes and devices using different types of adsorbents within a single bed
- B01D2259/4145—Further details for adsorption processes and devices using different types of adsorbents within a single bed arranged in series
- B01D2259/4146—Contiguous multilayered adsorbents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/06—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds
- B01D53/10—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds with dispersed adsorbents
- B01D53/12—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds with dispersed adsorbents according to the "fluidised technique"
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Separation Of Gases By Adsorption (AREA)
Abstract
A sorbing apparatus for removing at least a portion of a substance from a gas containing the substance, comprises; an inlet and exhaust; a first sorbing chamber having a top and a bottom; first and second ports forming an inlet and an outlet and defining a gas flow path therebetween and a bed of sorbent material disposed in the gas flow path for sorbing the substance from the gas, characterised in that the sorbent comprises a plurality of sorbent particles 22a, 22b, of various mesh size, said particles being distributed within the chamber such that the particle size at the inlet end 13 is greater than the particle size at the outlet end. 24.
Description
A SORBING APPARATUS HAVING SORBENT PARTICLES OF VARIOUS SIZES
The present invention relates to an apparatus for removing at least a portion of a substance from a gas containing the substance. In particular, it relates to an apparatus having a sorbent material comprising particles of various sizes and to a method of distributing said particles within a sorption chamber.
In a variety of commercial and industrial applications, it is necessary to remove all or a portion of a substance from a fluid, ie, a gas or a liquid before the fluid can be used for a particular purpose. For example, oxygen and water vapour are often removed from air before the remaining nitrogen is used as, for example, an inerting atmosphere.
Likewise, before compressed air can be used, for example to drive power tools, any water vapour should be removed. If the water vapour is not removed, it may condense in the piping or in the tools, causing rust or otherwise corroding the equipment. Many types of devices are available to remove a substance from a fluid. One particularly effective class of devices characteristically comprises an apparatus which directs a flow of the fluid through a sorbent material. A sorbent material is one which sorbs, ie adsorbs or absorbs, certain substances. Usually, sorbent materials are riddled with microscopic pores interconnected with oneanother, allowing the fluid to flow through the pores. Further, the sorbent material is typically in the form of a bed of particles of the sorbent material contained in a cylindrical chamber.During a sorbing phase, the fluid containing the substance is pumped into one end of the chamber and then passes through the sorbent particle in which at least a portion of the substance is sorbed by the sorbent material. The fluid, now substantially free or at least containing less of the substance, is then removed from the other end of the chamber.
To extend the useful life of these sorbing apparatus, the sorbent bed is periodically regenerated, ie, stripped of the substances that it has sobbed from the fluid. As a first step in, for example, a Pressure Swing Adsorption apparatus the pressure of the bed is reduced thus causing the sorbed component to be displaced into the spaces between the sorbent particles. Subsequently, a heated and/or substance-free fluid is flushed through the sorbent bed, purging the substance from the spaces between the particles.
This purging fluid, now containing much of the substance previously sorbed by the sorbent bed, is then exhausted from the chamber. Once the sorbent bed is sufficiently free of the substance, the fluid containing the substance is again pumped through the chamber and the regenerated sorbent bed continues sorbing the substance from the fluid. The sorbing apparatus can continue cycling between the sorbing phase and the regenerating phase for an extended period. Indeed, in many applications two or more chambers are employed and operated side by side such that as one chamber is being regenerated the other chamber is providing product gas.
Sorbent materials such as beads of zeolite used in, for example, a pressure swing adsorption (PSA) plants come in a variety of particle sizes. For the purpose of this application, particle sizes may be divided into small (less than 6 mesh), medium (8-10 mesh) and large (greater than 10 mesh). Fine mesh sieves are well known for use on small sorption plants and have comparatively fast adsorption rates and sharper adsorption fronts the advantage of which will be described later herein. Unfortunately, such fine particles are easily fluidised and hence do not lend themselves to use in many separation processes. Larger mesh sorbents are less prone to fluidisation and hence are capable of accommodating higher pressure drops and hence higher gas flows without the problems associated with fluidisation.Unfortunately, this size of sorbent is not capable of providing as rapid an absorption as the smaller particles and hence do not lend themselves to use in applications where a rapid adsorption rate is required.
Further, the sorption fronts tends to be somewhat less well defined than in finer grade sorbates and hence process efficiency is significantly reduced. Most sorbing apparatus employ a sorbent of 8-10 mesh and are capable of achieving reasonable speed of absorbtion and acceptable sorption front profile without the disadvantages associated with bed fluidisation. Clearly, such a size selection represents a significant compromise on performance of the sorbing apparatus.
It is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for removing at least a portion of a substance from a gas containing the substance which benefits from the advantages of both small and large sorbent particle size whilst reducing and possibly eliminating the problems associated therewith.
Accordingly, the present invention provides a sorbing apparatus for removing at least a portion of a substance from a gas containing the substance, the sorbing apparatus comprising; a first sorbing chamber having a top and a bottom, first and second ports forming an inlet and an outlet and defining a gas flow path therebetween; and, a bed of sorbent material disposed in the gas flow path for sorbing the substance from the gas, characterised in that the sorbent comprises a plurality of sorbent particles of various mesh size, said particles being distributed within the chamber such that the particle size at the inlet end is greater than the particle size at the outlet end.
Preferably, said sorbent comprises a plurality of layers of sorbent, each layer having a different particle size to that of an adjacent layer.
Alternatively, said sorbent comprises particles of a plurality of mesh sizes and said sorbent is distributed within the chamber such that the particle size varies in a gradual, non layered, manner between inlet and outlet.
Conveniently, the inlet is at the bottom of the chamber and the outlet is at the top of the chamber.
Advantageously, the particle size varies between 6 and 12 mesh.
Preferably, the particle size varies between 8 and 10 mesh.
Conveniently, the apparatus is a pressure swing adsorption apparatus.
Alternatively, the apparatus may be a temperature swing adsorption apparatus.
Preferably, the sorbing apparatus includes a second sorbing chamber for operating out of phase with said first chamber.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of distributing sorbents in a sorbing apparatus as claimed in Claim 1 comprising the steps of: a) depositing a first layer of sorbent having a first particle size downstream of the
inlet; and b) depositing a second layer of sorbent having a second particle size smaller than
said first particle size downstream of said first layer.
Advantageously, the method comprises the further step of: a) depositing a further layer or layers of sorbent downstream of said second layer
such that each further layer comprises particles of a size smaller than that in the
layer upon which they are deposited.
In an alternative method, the sorbent is distributed in a sorbing apparatus by the steps of: a) depositing a third layer of sorbent having a third particle size upstream of said
outlet; and b) depositing a fourth layer of sorbent having a fourth particle size greater than
said third particle size upstream of said third layer.
Preferably the alternative method include the further step of: a) depositing a further layer or layers of sorbent upstream of said fourth layer such
that each further layer comprises particles of a size greater than that in the layer
upon which they are deposited.
A still further method of distributing sorbent in a sorbing apparatus as claimed in
Claim 1 comprises the steps of: a) loading a sorbent of various particle sizes into the chamber; and b) fluidising the sorbent bed so as to cause the larger and heavier particles to fall
to the bottom and the smaller particles to rise to the top of the bed.
The present invention will now be more particularly described by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a sorbing apparatus embodying the present invention; and
Figures 2 to 4 are cross-sectional views of the chamber shown in Figure 1 and illustrate various arrangements of sorbate distribution.
Referring to Figure 1, a typical sorbing apparatus 10 may comprise, for example, a
Pressure Swing Adsorption apparatus (PSA) having one or two or more sorbing chambers 12. Such apparatus may be used in the separation of a number of substances from a gas stream but are more generally used for separating a component such as, for example, nitrogen from a stream of compressed air. For reasons of brevity, the remainder of the description will make reference only to the separation of nitrogen from air by the PSA process. However, the skilled reader will appreciate that other forms of separation process, ie, Temperature Swing Adsorption (TSA) may be employed and any one of a number of different components may be separated from any one of a number of feed streams.Further features of the apparatus 10 include a compressor 14 for compressing incoming air A and valves 16 and 18 for directing the compressed air to one or other of chambers 12 via inlet 13. Each chamber 12 generally includes a moisture adsorbing section 20 and a subsequent component adsorbing section 22; details of which will be given in the description relating to Figures 2 to 4 below. Outlets 24 act to allow the non-adsorbed component to pass to product line 26 via control valves 28 and 30. Valve 32 is provided for directing a portion of product gas from one chamber to the other during a purge step. Valves 34, 36 at the inlet end allow adsorbed gas and flushing gas to be removed via line W during desorption and regeneration steps.
The operation of the apparatus 10 is not material to the present invention and is, therefore, not described in detail herein. However, it will be appreciated that, in normal circumstances, air-is passed into chamber 12 via inlet 13 situated at the bottom of the chamber 12 and passes vertically upwards towards outlet 24. The more preferentially adsorbed component (oxygen) is adsorbed by adsorbent 22 and non-adsorbed gas exits via outlet 24. Conventionally, the adsorbent comprises adsorbent of just one mesh size which is evenly distributed throughout the adsorption section.
The present invention, best seen in Figures 2 to 4, provides an adsorption section 22 having a plurality of adsorbent particles of various mesh size distributed within the chamber such that the particle size (mesh) at the inlet end is greater than the particle size (mesh) at the outlet end. This particle distribution may take one of two distinct forms: firstly, the adsorbent may be presented in two or more discrete layers, as shown by 22a to 22c in Figures 2 and 3; or secondly, it may be presented as a gradual particle size change, as shown in Figure 4. Discrete layers may be laid up by depositing a first layer of comparatively large particle size downstream of inlet 13 and then depositing a second layer 22b having a particle size somewhat smaller than the first layer downstream of said first layer 22a.Clearly, if the inlet 13 is at the bottom of chamber 12, the second layer 22b may be placed over the first layer 22a.
Alternatively, if the inlet 13 is at the top of the chamber 12, the first layer 22a may be laid over the second layer 22b. Obviously, this alternative lay-up is subject to the smaller particles being sufficiently strong to support the weight of the larger particles without being crushed. One of the problems associated with this arrangement resides in the fact that sieve material tends to come in nominal sizes and, hence, any one layer would contain a number of different particle sizes and the adsorbent will still remain banded. This arrangement is, however, still a good approximation to a progressive change in particle size.The alternative arrangement of Figure 4 may be created by filling the chamber 12 with two or more grades of material such as, for example, 68 mesh at the bottom, 8-10 mesh at the middle and 12-14 mesh nearer the top and then deliberately fluidising the bed for a few seconds. This has the effect of allowing the heavier, larger sized, particles to fall to the bottom of chamber 12 and the lighter particles to rise to the surface, thus producing a genuine progressive graduation in adsorbent size. If the fluidisation is slowly reduced, the bed also achieves a very satisfactory packing density. The process will also remove fine dust which can sometimes be the cause of subsequent vaive problems.
The presently proposed arrangement presents the user with a number of advantages.
Firstly, as the gas passes through from the coarse to the fine particle, the flow-rate and hence the pressure drop reduces. Consequently, one may employ much finer particles than normal toward to outlet end, thereby taking advantage the more rapid adsorption and sharper adsorption fronts offered by such fine adsorbents without the risk of fluidising the adsorbent. Secondly, one may employ a portion of sieve material of a somewhat larger size than normal and, taking advantage of the superior adsorption performance of fine adsorbents, one may produce a combined mixture or lay-up which greatly exceeds the performance of a single mid-range adsorbent. Further, because the larger than conventional sieve is capable of withstanding comparatively high loads without crushing, it will be possible to construct absorbtion chambers or vessels somewhat taller than those currently available thereby reducing the "foot print" or ground area required for a given plant output.
Claims (16)
1. A sorbing apparatus for removing at least a portion of a substance from a gas
containing the substance, the sorbing apparatus comprising; an inlet and
exhaust; a first sorbing chamber having a top and a bottom; first and second
ports forming an inlet and an outlet and defining a gas flow path therebetween
and a bed of sorbent material disposed in the gas flow path for sorbing the
substance from the gas, characterised in that the sorbent comprises a plurality
of sorbent particles of various mesh size, said particles being distributed within
the chamber such that the particle size at the inlet end is greater than the
particle size at the outlet end.
2. A sorbing apparatus as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that said sorbent
comprises a plurality of layers of sorbent, each layer having a different particle
size to that of an adjacent layer.
3. A sorbing apparatus as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that said sorbent
comprises particles of a plurality of mesh sizes and said sorbent is distributed
within the chamber such that the particle size varies in a gradual, non layered,
manner between inlet and outlet.
4. A sorbing apparatus as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in
that the inlet is at the bottom of the chamber and the outlet is at the top of the
chamber.
5. A sorbing apparatus as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in
that said particle size varies between 6 and 12 mesh.
6. A sorbing apparatus as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in
that said particle size varies between 8 and 10 mesh.
7. A sorbing apparatus as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 6, characterised in
that said apparatus is a pressure swing adsorption apparatus.
8. A sorbing apparatus as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 6, characterised in
that said apparatus is a temperature swing adsorption apparatus.
9. A sorbing apparatus as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 8, characterised by a
second sorbing chamber for operation out of phase with said first chamber.
10. A sorbing apparatus substantially as herein described with reference to and as
illustrated in figures 1 to 4 of the accompanying drawings.
11. A method of distributing the sorbent in a sorbing apparatus as claimed in Claim
1, characterised by the steps of:
a) depositing a first layer of sorbent having a first particle size downstream
of the inlet; and
b) depositing a second layer of sorbent having a second particle size
smaller than said first particle size downstream of said first layer.
12. A method as claimed in Claim 11, characterised by the further step of:
a) depositing a further layer or layers of sorbent downstream of said second
layer such that each further layer comprises particles of a size smaller
than that in the layer upon which they are deposited.
13. A method of distributing sorbent in a sorbing apparatus as claimed in Claim 1,
characterised by the steps of:
a) depositing a third layer of sorbent having a third particle size upstream of
said outlet; and
b) depositing a layer of sorbent having a fourth particle size greater than
said third particle size upstream of said third layer.
14. A method as claimed in Claim 13 including the further step of:
a) depositing a further layer or layers of sorbent upstream of said fourth
layer such that each further layer comprises particles of a size greater
than that in the layer upon which they are deposited.
15. A method of distributing sorbent in a sorbing apparatus as claimed in Claim 1,
characterised by the steps of:
a) loading a sorbent of various particle sizes into the chamber; and
b) fluidising the sorbent bed so as to cause the larger and heavier particles
to fall to the bottom and the smaller particles to rise to the top of the
bed.
16. A method of distributing sorbent substantially as described herein with reference
to and as illustrated in figures 1 to 4 of the accompanying drawings.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9509640A GB2300577A (en) | 1995-05-12 | 1995-05-12 | Sorbing apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9509640A GB2300577A (en) | 1995-05-12 | 1995-05-12 | Sorbing apparatus |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB9509640D0 GB9509640D0 (en) | 1995-07-05 |
| GB2300577A true GB2300577A (en) | 1996-11-13 |
Family
ID=10774369
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9509640A Withdrawn GB2300577A (en) | 1995-05-12 | 1995-05-12 | Sorbing apparatus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2300577A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0846489A1 (en) * | 1996-09-30 | 1998-06-10 | The Boc Group, Inc. | Gas purification |
| EP1041348A3 (en) * | 1999-03-31 | 2001-07-04 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Method for installing air conditioner |
| WO2001062367A1 (en) * | 2000-02-22 | 2001-08-30 | Norit Nederland B.V. | Process for the adsorption of organic vapours from gas mixtures containing them |
| US6500234B1 (en) | 1998-02-27 | 2002-12-31 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Rate-enhanced gas separation |
| US6790260B2 (en) | 2000-12-20 | 2004-09-14 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Enhanced rate PSA process |
| EP2071257A1 (en) * | 2007-12-11 | 2009-06-17 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Integrated filling and emptying system for air conditioners |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0374631A2 (en) * | 1988-12-21 | 1990-06-27 | Bayer Ag | Process for the oxygen concentration in air by means of vacuum-swing-adsorption using mixtures of CA-zeolit A molecular sieves |
| WO1991003307A1 (en) * | 1989-09-04 | 1991-03-21 | Elio Perticone | Process for cutting down combustion emissions from transports and fixed plants |
| EP0435156A2 (en) * | 1989-12-27 | 1991-07-03 | Uop | Vapor phase adsorption process using sequential adsorption zones containing different particle size adsorbents |
| EP0449576A1 (en) * | 1990-03-30 | 1991-10-02 | The Boc Group, Inc. | Purifying fluids by adsorption |
| EP0480797A1 (en) * | 1990-10-11 | 1992-04-15 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Process for separation by adsorption and adsorber |
-
1995
- 1995-05-12 GB GB9509640A patent/GB2300577A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0374631A2 (en) * | 1988-12-21 | 1990-06-27 | Bayer Ag | Process for the oxygen concentration in air by means of vacuum-swing-adsorption using mixtures of CA-zeolit A molecular sieves |
| WO1991003307A1 (en) * | 1989-09-04 | 1991-03-21 | Elio Perticone | Process for cutting down combustion emissions from transports and fixed plants |
| EP0435156A2 (en) * | 1989-12-27 | 1991-07-03 | Uop | Vapor phase adsorption process using sequential adsorption zones containing different particle size adsorbents |
| EP0449576A1 (en) * | 1990-03-30 | 1991-10-02 | The Boc Group, Inc. | Purifying fluids by adsorption |
| EP0480797A1 (en) * | 1990-10-11 | 1992-04-15 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Process for separation by adsorption and adsorber |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0846489A1 (en) * | 1996-09-30 | 1998-06-10 | The Boc Group, Inc. | Gas purification |
| US6500234B1 (en) | 1998-02-27 | 2002-12-31 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Rate-enhanced gas separation |
| EP1041348A3 (en) * | 1999-03-31 | 2001-07-04 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Method for installing air conditioner |
| WO2001062367A1 (en) * | 2000-02-22 | 2001-08-30 | Norit Nederland B.V. | Process for the adsorption of organic vapours from gas mixtures containing them |
| US6866699B2 (en) | 2000-02-22 | 2005-03-15 | Norit Nederland B.V. | Process for the adsorption of organic vapours from gas mixtures containing them |
| US6790260B2 (en) | 2000-12-20 | 2004-09-14 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Enhanced rate PSA process |
| EP2071257A1 (en) * | 2007-12-11 | 2009-06-17 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Integrated filling and emptying system for air conditioners |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB9509640D0 (en) | 1995-07-05 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |