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GB2299383A - A braking assembly - Google Patents

A braking assembly Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2299383A
GB2299383A GB9605634A GB9605634A GB2299383A GB 2299383 A GB2299383 A GB 2299383A GB 9605634 A GB9605634 A GB 9605634A GB 9605634 A GB9605634 A GB 9605634A GB 2299383 A GB2299383 A GB 2299383A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
brake
anchor
braking assembly
adhesive
lifting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB9605634A
Other versions
GB9605634D0 (en
GB2299383B (en
Inventor
Hans-Joachim Doss
Hans-Peter Claussen
Ullrich Mau-Hansen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Jungheinrich AG
Original Assignee
Jungheinrich AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Jungheinrich AG filed Critical Jungheinrich AG
Publication of GB9605634D0 publication Critical patent/GB9605634D0/en
Publication of GB2299383A publication Critical patent/GB2299383A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2299383B publication Critical patent/GB2299383B/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00Parts or details
    • F16D65/14Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
    • F16D65/28Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged apart from the brake
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/02Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with mechanical assistance or drive
    • B60T13/04Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with mechanical assistance or drive by spring or weight
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/74Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive
    • B60T13/746Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive and mechanical transmission of the braking action
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T7/00Brake-action initiating means
    • B60T7/12Brake-action initiating means for automatic initiation; for initiation not subject to will of driver or passenger
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66FHOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B66F9/075Constructional features or details
    • B66F9/07509Braking
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D66/00Arrangements for monitoring working conditions, e.g. wear, temperature
    • F16D66/02Apparatus for indicating wear
    • F16D66/021Apparatus for indicating wear using electrical detection or indication means
    • F16D66/026Apparatus for indicating wear using electrical detection or indication means indicating different degrees of lining wear
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D66/00Arrangements for monitoring working conditions, e.g. wear, temperature
    • F16D2066/003Position, angle or speed
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2121/00Type of actuator operation force
    • F16D2121/18Electric or magnetic
    • F16D2121/20Electric or magnetic using electromagnets
    • F16D2121/22Electric or magnetic using electromagnets for releasing a normally applied brake
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2125/00Components of actuators
    • F16D2125/18Mechanical mechanisms
    • F16D2125/58Mechanical mechanisms transmitting linear movement
    • F16D2125/60Cables or chains, e.g. Bowden cables
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2127/00Auxiliary mechanisms
    • F16D2127/02Release mechanisms
    • F16D2127/04Release mechanisms for manual operation
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2129/00Type of operation source for auxiliary mechanisms
    • F16D2129/06Electric or magnetic
    • F16D2129/065Permanent magnets
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D51/00Brakes with outwardly-movable braking members co-operating with the inner surface of a drum or the like

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
  • Regulating Braking Force (AREA)

Description

1 A brakinq assembl 2299383 The invention relates to a braking assembly
which is especially suitable for use with industrial trucks having electric steering.
It has become known f or an industrial truck to support the steering system by suitable means or completely decouple it mechanically by suitable means and to provide the steering power with the aid of a steering motor (electric steering). To the steering wheel or the steering shaft a sensor is associated which converts the steering speed into corresponding signals so that the steering motor is driven by means of a suitable steering means. An electric steering system of that kind, however, needs to be controlled so as to be able to immediately take notice of any error which may result in an uncontrolled steering movement. In such a case, the industrial truck is automatically stopped in a controlled way.
It is known to realize an emergency stop for an industrial truck with the aid of a hydraulic cylinder pretensioned by a spring, which hydraulic cylinder is fed by the hydraulic pump provided in the vehicle and releases the brake, usually a drum brake, if acting upon it. To the hydraulic cylinder a final position controller is associated which detects full extension of the cylinder. Supply of the hydraulic medium is interrupted by means of an appropriate control valve. In case of an emergency stop the medium contained in the hydraulic cylinder is 1 valve and the spring provided on the hydraulic cylinder causes the hydraulic cylinder to move back to an initial position so as to transmit to the drum brake a brake f orce by means of a cable or in a hydraulic way directly. According to the known device, the arrangement described before is also used for the function of the hand brake.
The known device has the disadvantage that the hydraulic cylinder reacts relatively slowly while applying discharaed throuah said contro 2 as well as releasing the brake. Besides, the final position controller arranged on the hydraulic cylinder is not capable of detecting all states of the system, such as a tearing of the cable. Moreover, in case an emergency stop takes place, it is very complicated to tow the vehicle away from any possible danger area, for instance.
It is the object of the invention to provide an emergency stopping and/or hand braking assembly for industrial trucks which responds more quickly and allows a monitoring of relevant safety factors.
According to the invention, a braking assembly comprises an electrically operated lifting magnet, a lifting anchor of which is connected to a brake by means of a cable, is pretensioned by a spring in a direction tending to apply the brake, and is connected to an adhesive anchor of an electrically operated adhesive magnet which is so rated that, with said adhesive magnet being activated, the adhesive force is sufficient to counteract the spring and retain the brake in a released condition, with a control unit disabling the lifting magnet as soon as the adhesive magnet has taken over the retaining function.
In an emergency, the adhesive magnet is also disabled which allows the spring to move the lifting anchor and thereby apply the brake.
The use of electrically operated lifting and adhesive magnets not only results in substantially shorter reaction times than are true for a hydraulic device so that there can be a very quick response to an emergency stop signal for eliminating any risks but also the brake can be released within a very short time.
The lifting magnet which consumes a relatively large current is only activated for a short time to shift the brake spring and subsequently the adhesive force is exerted by the adhesive magnet which consumes only relatively low power.
Preferably, a displacement transducer coacts with the lifting anchor and an output signal of the displacement 3 transducer is transmitted to the control unit. The displacement transducer may be constituted by a potentiometer, a slider of which is connected to the lifting anchor. The displacement transducer monitors the position of the lifting anchor so that the control unit "knows" the position of the lifting anchor and thus the operating position of the brake. By this, not only is an acknowledgement for the normal operating modes provided but, at the same time, it is possible to react to tearing of the brake cable. A failure of that kind naturally results in a maximum deflection of the lifting anchor. With the aid of the displacement transducer it is also possible to monitor the abrasion of the brake. An abrasion of the brake coverings automatically results in a longer displacement of the lifting anchor. Therefore, a signal can be generated which indicates an inadmissibly high abrasion making a replacement of the brake coverings necessary.
Preferably, the cable is connected to the brake over a roller, and the axis of the roller is releasable or displaceable. If there is an emergency stop and the vehicle is intended to be towed the cable roller may be displaced, for instance by guiding the axis within a coulisse, so that the lifting anchor engages an inner abutment. By this, the brake cable gets loose and releases the brake.
The invention will be explained in more detail hereinafter with the aid of drawings in which:- Fig. 1 schematically shows a braking assembly according to the invention; Fig. 2 schematically shows a potentiometer of the braking assembly according to Fig. 1; and Fig. 3 schematically shows an electromagnetic part of the braking assembly according to Fig. 1.
A driving motor 13 of an industrial vehicle (not shown) is equipped with a drum brake 12. The brake 12 is actuated by a lifting magnet 1, an anchor 4 of which is connected to a pull cable 8 leading to said brake 12. The cable 8 is led over a deflection roller 7. The roller 7 is 4 arranged on an axis 24 which is displaceable within an angular recess or coulisse 6 presented by a body 5. Below the lifting magnet 1, an adhesive magnet 2 is arranged with which a plate-like adhesive anchor 16 is associated. The anchor plate 16 is connected to the anchor 4 by means of a rod 17.
The structure of an electromagnetic part of the braking assembly is shown in Figure 3.
The lifting magnet 1 comprises a cylindrical coil 18 which is integrated into an appropriate body 19. The latter comprises an axial passage 20 within which the anchor 4 is arranged. The anchor 4 comprises a conical shoulder 21 which can coact with a conical abutment 22 of the body 19. Between the body 19 and the anchor plate 16 a tension spring 3 is arranged.
To the anchor 4 an arm 9 is connected which coacts as a slider with a potentiometer 10. The potentiometer 10 is connected to a control unit 11 which is also connected to the lifting magnet 1 and the adhesive magnet 2. A switch 14 and an alarm light 15 are also connected to the control unit 11.
The illustrated assembly operates as hereinafter.
With the lifting magnet 1 not being activated, the spring 3 causes the anchor 4 to be moved downwardly, and a brake f orce is exerted on the brake 12 by means of the cable 8. Consequently, the vehicle is stopped. Switch 14 is actuated for releasing the brake. As a result, the lifting magnet 1 is activated and moves the anchor 4 upwardly towards abutment 22. The anchor plate 16 engages to the adhesive magnet 2 which is activated as well. At the moment at which this is done, the control unit 11 disables the lifting magnet 1 but the adhesive force of the adhesive magnet 2 is sufficient to overcome the force of the spring 3. The brake 12 is thus retained in its released condition.
described The arm 9 moves automatically at the same tine as the anchor 4 is moved. The position of the arm 9 is thus an indication of the position of the anchor 4 and, consequently, also of the condition of the brake 12. The potentiometer 10, therefore, may be subdivided into four sections, as shown in Figure 2. A corresponds to the position of the anchor 4 in which the anchor 4 is lifted and the brake is released. B corresponds to the position after pulling the brake with the aid of the spring 3. C means that the brake needs to be readjusted since there had been a considerable abrasion of the brake covering. A further displacement of the arm towards section D means that the brake cable is torn or loosened. The latter state indicates a defective brake so that the control unit 11 causes an emergency stop of the industrial truck at the same time.
With the aid of the potentiometer 10 and the control unit 11, therefore, it is possible to control the individual stationary states of the anchor 4 and thus of the brake 12 and find out, for instance, whether a corresponding command caused the control unit 11 to actually release the brake 12. By this, any errors which are caused by a mechanical locking, for instance, can be detected. The control unit 11 thus controls all operating states of the magnetic means even if there is any malfunction.
After causing an emergency stop it may happen that the vehicle needs to be towed. This, however, is only possible in a brakeless condition. To be able to release the brake 12 set as a result of the emergency stop the deflection roller 7 is displaced within the coulisse 6 to such an extent that the anchor 4 engages an abutment (not shown), the brake cable 8 gets loose and the brake 12 is released.
6

Claims (7)

1 - A braking assembly comprising an electrically operated lifting magnet, a lifting anchor of which is connected to a brake by means of a cable, is pretensioned by a spring in a direction tending to apply the brake, and is connected to an adhesive anchor of an electrically operated adhesive magnet which is so rated that, with said adhesive magnet being activated, the adhesive force is sufficient to counteract the spring and retain the brake in a released condition, with a control unit disabling the lifting magnet as soon as the adhesive magnet has taken over the retaining function.
2. A braking assembly according to claim 1, in which coilsof both of the magnets are arranged coaxially and the adhesive anchor is a plate which is arranged on an extension of the lifting anchor led through the adhesive magnet.
3. A braking assembly according to claim 1 or claim 2, in which a displacement transducer coacts with the lifting anchor and an output signal of the displacement transducer is transmitted to the control unit.
4. A braking assembly according to claim 3, in which the displacement transducer is constituted by a potentiometer, a slider of which is connected to the lifting anchor.
5. A braking assembly according to claim 3 or claim 4, in which the displacement range of the lifting anchor is subdivided into four sections sequentially indicating a released brake, an applied brake, a worn brake and a torn brake cable, and depending on the section reached a corresponding signal is transmitted to the control unit.
6. A braking assembly according to any preceding claim, in which the cable is connected to the brake over a roller, and the axis of the roller is releasable or displaceable.
7. A braking assembly substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
GB9605634A 1995-03-24 1996-03-18 A braking assembly Expired - Fee Related GB2299383B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1995110716 DE19510716C2 (en) 1995-03-24 1995-03-24 Emergency stop and / or handbrake device for industrial trucks

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB9605634D0 GB9605634D0 (en) 1996-05-22
GB2299383A true GB2299383A (en) 1996-10-02
GB2299383B GB2299383B (en) 1999-03-10

Family

ID=7757560

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB9605634A Expired - Fee Related GB2299383B (en) 1995-03-24 1996-03-18 A braking assembly

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE19510716C2 (en)
GB (1) GB2299383B (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110550581A (en) * 2019-09-16 2019-12-10 厦门语瑶贸易有限公司 new forms of energy magnetism counter weight's fork truck for commodity circulation

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29706340U1 (en) * 1997-04-10 1997-06-05 Hans Bernstein Spezialfabrik für Schaltkontakte GmbH & Co, 32457 Porta Westfalica Safety switch
DE19840406A1 (en) * 1998-09-04 2000-03-09 Still & Saxby Sarl Drawbar-guided industrial truck with a storage brake
DE102008011719A1 (en) 2008-02-28 2009-09-03 Jungheinrich Aktiengesellschaft Braking system for a truck
DE102010020467A1 (en) 2010-05-10 2011-11-10 Keller Andreas Fence system for use as e.g. safety barrier to prevent unauthorized access to land, has fence panels horizontally and rotatably suspended between fence posts, where posts and panels are made of arbitrary materials
DE102012010601A1 (en) * 2012-05-30 2013-12-05 Domnick + Müller GmbH & Co. KG Fork rake for forklift, has electromagnetically actuatable hinged stop lever arranged at certain distance to base end and protruding in set-up state for formation of pallet stopper over top surface of fork rake
DE102019206501B4 (en) * 2019-05-07 2021-10-21 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Fail-safe braking device for a very small vehicle
WO2023197073A1 (en) * 2022-04-12 2023-10-19 Les Produits Fraco Ltée Synchronized emergency braking system

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB312259A (en) * 1927-12-20 1929-05-21 George Voldemar Lomonossoff Improvements in electro-magnets
GB555128A (en) * 1941-01-21 1943-08-05 British Thomson Houston Co Ltd Improvements in and relating to electric control systems

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3010335C2 (en) * 1980-03-18 1982-12-09 Helmut 5600 Wuppertal Korthaus Working method for an electromotive brake actuation device, in particular in rail vehicles, and device for carrying out the method

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB312259A (en) * 1927-12-20 1929-05-21 George Voldemar Lomonossoff Improvements in electro-magnets
GB555128A (en) * 1941-01-21 1943-08-05 British Thomson Houston Co Ltd Improvements in and relating to electric control systems

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110550581A (en) * 2019-09-16 2019-12-10 厦门语瑶贸易有限公司 new forms of energy magnetism counter weight's fork truck for commodity circulation
CN110550581B (en) * 2019-09-16 2021-02-05 成都壹加壹劳务服务有限公司 New forms of energy magnetism counter weight's fork truck for commodity circulation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19510716A1 (en) 1996-09-26
DE19510716C2 (en) 1998-11-12
GB9605634D0 (en) 1996-05-22
GB2299383B (en) 1999-03-10

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20100318