GB2271583A - Fire-resistant component - Google Patents
Fire-resistant component Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2271583A GB2271583A GB9220122A GB9220122A GB2271583A GB 2271583 A GB2271583 A GB 2271583A GB 9220122 A GB9220122 A GB 9220122A GB 9220122 A GB9220122 A GB 9220122A GB 2271583 A GB2271583 A GB 2271583A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- fire resistant
- resistant component
- fire
- perlite
- component
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
- E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
- E04C2/288—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and concrete, stone or stone-like material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00413—Materials having an inhomogeneous concentration of ingredients or irregular properties in different layers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00612—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as one or more layers of a layered structure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
- C04B2111/285—Intumescent materials
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
A fire resistant component comprising perlite and a hardened cementitious material. The component may he moulded (for example into a panel) and may have a variety of compositions such as having cement-rich outer faces and a perlite-rich core; it may be reinforced with glass or steel fibres, or may be coated with g.r.p. The fire resistant component has a lower density than conventional components, and has good compressive strength and stiffness.
Description
FIRE RESISTANT COMPONENT
This invention relates to a fire resistant component which has excellent insulation properties at high temperatures.
Known fire resistant components include the Vosper Thorneycroft panel, which consists of glass reinforced plastic (grp) skin around a vermiculux core, which are bonded together to form a layered panel.
The vermiculux has a density of about 416 kg/m3 when completely dried and good fire resistance. Another known fire resistant component is that sold under the Trade Mark Tilcon FP-S, which is a cementitious perlite spray. Fire resistant components are generally moulded or formed into insulating panels, boards and tiles. These componets are generally not light-weight and it is also desired to improve on their fire resistance properties.
According to the present invention there is provided a fire resistant component comprising perlite and a hardened cementitious material.
Preferably the cementitious material is refractory cement, most preferably refractory cement of an appropriate fire resistant grade, for example 13000C - 1600 C.
The fire resistant component may be moulded into a panel, and may be provided with a glass reinforced plastics skin. Alternatively, the fire resistant component may be formed into a panel or other shape having cement-rich outer faces and a perlite-rich core. The fire resistant component may be made in various densities and with various perlite-cementitious material ratios. It can be produced as a simple mix of materials with a constant composition throughout, or as a multi-layer panel with a higher content of cementitious material at the surface so as to limit high temperature shrinkage, or having uniformly varying density, for example a low density at the centre and a high density at the surface.
The fire resistant component may be reinforced with a fibre reinforcement, for example, glass or steel. In order to improve the bending strength of the material, it can be produced from fibre reinforcements in place either as a random distribution or with specific placement of the fibre net.
The fire resistant component has a lower density than the nearest comparable commercial fire resistant panels, for example, typically 320 kg/m3 compared with 475 kg/m3. It is further wholly incombustible and thus, in fire, is free from toxic fumes or smoke.
For application as a core material in a layered panel, it has good compressive strength and stiffener. This can lead to a cost saving by reducing the thickness of the skins which may be made from glass reinforced plastic.
Various applications of the fire resistant material include layered panels, fire protection of pipes, fire protection of steel work, the production of fire-proof enclosures (e.g. for valves or electrical equipment) and in the insulation of cookers and other equipment. The combination of materials to form the fire retardant component performs a structural function as well as a fire resistant function, which has not been possible before in a light-weight composition.
The fire retardant component can also be injected into components of complex geometry.
A method of producing a fire resistant component according to the present invention will now be described, by way of example only.
The basic ingredients are expanded perlite, refractory cement of appropriate fire resistant grade (various available 13000C - 16000C) and water. Typically, fibre reinforcement if used is glass or steel, but any fire resistant fibre may be used.
The proportions of the materials can be varied over a wide range. Inclusion of the perlite in the cement and water paste creates a large number of small voids. The perlite itself may soften and melt at temperatures approaching 11000C but the rigid encapsulating structure of hardened refractory cement retains its structural form and there is no loss of voids which now may enclose melted perlite droplets. It is believed that the higher the proportion of perlite present the greater is the shrinkage at high temperature i.e. an adverse effect. However a high proportion of perlite gives good structural properties at room temperatures, i.e. a beneficial effect.
To optimise these effects means producing a board with a cement-rich surface, i.e. resistant to shrinkage at high temperature, grading to perlite-rich in the interior. A further optimisation would also be to reduce the density towards the centre of the board.
The uniform mix board with a high A/C ratio is satisfactory for most applications. The dry ingredients are mixed together with the minimum of mechanical damage, then water is added and mixed in a mechanical mixer for a very short time. Water content has a critical effect on the properties, an excess can cause a massive reduction in mix volume. Next the wet mixture is put into a mould box and pressed to the appropriate thickness. It is then released and stored inside a plastic cover to prevent loss of water. It is then dried as necessary. Any free water left in the product greatly enhances the fire resistance.
Variations on the theme are a three layer board, i.e. two cementrich faces and a perlite-rich core, a uniformly varying A/C ratio composition, a variable density composition, random glass reinforced versions of the above, and fine steel mesh-reinforced versions of the above.
Samples of the material sandwiched between grp skins have been tested to BS 476 Part 22 and also in accordance with the Department of Energy interim hydrocarbon fire simulation. Using 6 mm grp skins and a 50 mm thick core of the new material, times of 290 minutes in the BS 476 test and more than 240 minutes in the hydrocarbon test were achieved. In the hydrocarbon test a steady state condition was achieved, i.e. the test sample would not have failed.
The fire insulation value of the fire resistant component is improved over, for example the known fire resistant materials comprising a glass reinforced skin and a vermiculux core, which in a fire insulation value test of 50 mm when tested between thin steel sheets to hydrocarbon standards failed at 55 minutes compared with 82 minutes for the present fire resistant component.
Claims (14)
1. A fire resistant component comprising perlite and a hardened cementitious material.
2. A fire resistant component as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cementitious material is refractory cement.
3. A fire resistant component as claimed in claim 2, wherein the refractory cement has a fire resistant grade of 13000C - 16000C.
4. A fire resistant component as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the fire resistant component is moulded into a panel.
5. A fire resistant component as claimed in any preceding claim, provided with a glass reinforced plastics skin.
6. A fire resistant component as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the fire resistant component formed into a panel or other shape having cement-rich outer faces and a perlite-rich core.
7. A fire resistant component as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, formed of a simple mix of materials with a constant composition throughout.
8. A fire resistant component as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5 formed as a multi-layer panel with a higher content of cementitious material at the surface so as to limit high temperature shrinkage.
9. A fire resistant component as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5 having a uniformly varying density.
10. A fire resistant component as claimed in claim 9 having a low density at the centre and a high density at the surface.
11. A fire resistant component as claimed in any preceding claim reinforced with a fibre reinforcement such as glass or steel.
12. A fire resistant component as claimed in claim 11, wherein the fibre reinforcements are formed in a random distribution.
13. A fire resistant component as claimed in claim 11, wherein the fibre reinforcements have a specific placement of the fibre net.
14. A fire resistant component substantially as hereinbefore described.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9220122A GB2271583A (en) | 1992-09-23 | 1992-09-23 | Fire-resistant component |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9220122A GB2271583A (en) | 1992-09-23 | 1992-09-23 | Fire-resistant component |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB9220122D0 GB9220122D0 (en) | 1992-11-04 |
| GB2271583A true GB2271583A (en) | 1994-04-20 |
Family
ID=10722387
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9220122A Withdrawn GB2271583A (en) | 1992-09-23 | 1992-09-23 | Fire-resistant component |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2271583A (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1285467A (en) * | 1968-08-22 | 1972-08-16 | Machf Gebr Kalkman Nv | Method and apparatus for manufacturing articles from a hardening substance |
| US3830687A (en) * | 1972-08-04 | 1974-08-20 | Dyna Shield Inc | Flame retardant and fire resistant roofing material |
| GB1448310A (en) * | 1974-07-24 | 1976-09-02 | Vyzk Ustav Stavebnich Hmot | Asbestos-cement material |
| EP0031256A2 (en) * | 1979-12-21 | 1981-07-01 | Hewhand Limited | Dry mix for forming insulating compositions and thermally insulated containers made from said compositions, sprayable insulating compositions preparable from said dry mix, and a method of applying insulating material using said sprayable compositions |
| GB1597828A (en) * | 1978-03-08 | 1981-09-09 | Thames Plywood Mfrs Ltd | Building components |
| WO1984002941A1 (en) * | 1983-01-19 | 1984-08-02 | Hajduszoboszloi Buzakalasz Mts | Cover panels with upper decorative surface intended to prevent fire propagation |
-
1992
- 1992-09-23 GB GB9220122A patent/GB2271583A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1285467A (en) * | 1968-08-22 | 1972-08-16 | Machf Gebr Kalkman Nv | Method and apparatus for manufacturing articles from a hardening substance |
| US3830687A (en) * | 1972-08-04 | 1974-08-20 | Dyna Shield Inc | Flame retardant and fire resistant roofing material |
| GB1448310A (en) * | 1974-07-24 | 1976-09-02 | Vyzk Ustav Stavebnich Hmot | Asbestos-cement material |
| GB1597828A (en) * | 1978-03-08 | 1981-09-09 | Thames Plywood Mfrs Ltd | Building components |
| EP0031256A2 (en) * | 1979-12-21 | 1981-07-01 | Hewhand Limited | Dry mix for forming insulating compositions and thermally insulated containers made from said compositions, sprayable insulating compositions preparable from said dry mix, and a method of applying insulating material using said sprayable compositions |
| WO1984002941A1 (en) * | 1983-01-19 | 1984-08-02 | Hajduszoboszloi Buzakalasz Mts | Cover panels with upper decorative surface intended to prevent fire propagation |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB9220122D0 (en) | 1992-11-04 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |