GB2254520A - Telecommunications signalling enhancement - Google Patents
Telecommunications signalling enhancement Download PDFInfo
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- GB2254520A GB2254520A GB9026036A GB9026036A GB2254520A GB 2254520 A GB2254520 A GB 2254520A GB 9026036 A GB9026036 A GB 9026036A GB 9026036 A GB9026036 A GB 9026036A GB 2254520 A GB2254520 A GB 2254520A
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- Prior art keywords
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- signalling
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- enhancement
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q3/00—Selecting arrangements
- H04Q3/0016—Arrangements providing connection between exchanges
- H04Q3/0025—Provisions for signalling
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- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
Abstract
In many cases of Telecommunication Signalling Systems there will be situations where one system will interface with another or others of a different type. This will occur due to different standards being used in different countries, or even within one country, and due to upgrading of systems. There is provision for future enhancement to an existing Telecommunication Signalling System comprises means for conveying Enhanced Signalling Information across a signalling system in Signalling Enhancement Messages belonging to a message group called the Signalling Enhancement Message Group, the Signalling System using a header code to group messages of a similar type into message groups. <IMAGE>
Description
TELECOMMUNICATIONS SIGNALLING ENHANCEMENT
In many cases of Telecommunication Signalling Systems there will be situations where one system will interface with another or others of a different type. This will occur due to different standards being used in different countries, or even within one country, and due to upgrading of systems.
The present invention will be described with reference to
NUP and its interface with others such as Q.931, ISUP, DASS but should not be considered as limited by such description.
The National User Part (NUP) is part of the CCITT number 7
Common Channel Signalling System used in the UK. The National User
Part is specified by British Telecom. The Current NUP is at
Version 3 and is specified in BTNR 167 issue 3.
Each NUP message contains a heading consisting of 2 parts,
Heading Code HO and Heading Code H1. Heading Code HO identifies a specific message group while the Heading Code H1 contains a signal code which identifies the format of the message. The NUP messages are divided into a number of groups according to the function of the message.
Currently the NUP messages grouping is as follows a. FORWARD ADDRESS MESSAGES - required to initiate a call and
to forward dialled digits through the network.
b. FORWARD SET-UP MESSAGES - involved in the set-up phase of
the call but do not contain dialled digits.
c. BACKWARD SET-UP REQUEST MESSAGES - required to request
information relating to the set-up of the call from a
preceding exchange. The requested information is
subsequently sent in either forward address messages or
forward set-up messages.
d. BACKWARD SET-UP INFORMATION MESSAGES - required to
communicate a call condition to the preceding exchange. As
the title states they are informative and need not result
in a response.
e. CALL SUPERVISION MESSAGES - required to supervise the call
while it is established.
f. CIRCUIT SUPERVISION MESSAGES - used to control the
availability of the circuit. A circuit supervision message
also frees the circuit at the end of a call.
9. NON-END-TO-END SERVICE INFORMATION MESSAGES - used to
enable additional information to be passed between nodes
which cannot be conveyed by the basic protocol messages
used for normal traffic. These messages are applicable at
all stages of the call.
h. END-TO-END MESSAGES - used subsequent to the selection of a
call path through the inter-exchange network to exchange
supplementary information between originating and
destination exchanges in either direction. The use of such
messages approximates to end-to-end signalling.
The introduction of new Digital Access Interfaces (such as Q.931) and new services (such as the MOU priority services) means that the signalling system will need to convey new service information elements across the NUP signalling network.
The early introduction of Intelligent Networks (IN) into the network in advance of a Network Connectionless Signalling capability (provided by SCCP) may also require that the IN service information elements be conveyed across the NUP signalling network.
The proposed Enhancement Strategy for NUP hinges around the provision of the following: - Backward compatibility with existing protocols and
functionality;
Adding functionality to Network Elements in a gradual
manner to allow a managed change and cater for
interworking; - A mechanism that can evolve to cope with other non-ISDN
protocol requirements.
According to the present invention there is provided a means for future enhancements to an existing Telecommunication
Signalling System a mechanism for conveying Enhanced Signalling
Information across a signalling system in Signalling Enhancement
Messages which belong to a message group called the Signalling
Enhancement Message Group. This invention could be applied to any
Signalling System that uses the concept of a header code to group messages of a similar type into message groups.
Further according to the present invention there is provided an NUP telecommunication signalling system comprising a node having the functionality to generate and respond to an SEM message belonging to a signalling enhancement message group.
There is further provided a mechanism for enhancing existing Signalling Systems to convey Intelligent Network Service
Information Elements across that Signalling System Network.
Also there is provided a system comprising intermediate nodes able to repeat an SEM message to a further node or intermediate node.
The present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which :
Figure 1 shows example ISDN Call Set-up message flows involving NUP to ISUP interworking using SEM messages;
Figure 2 shows example ISDN Call Set-up message flows involving ISUP to NUP interworking using SEM messages;
Figure 3 shows example ISDN Call Set-up message flows across an NUP network using SEM messages;
Figure 4 shows example ISDN Call Set-up message flows involving DASS/NUP/ISUP/Q.931 Interworking using SIM messages;
Figure 5 shows example ISDN Call Set-up message flows involing DASS/NUP/Q.931 interworking using SIM messages;
Figure 6 shows example ISDN Call Set-up message flows involving Q.931/ISUP/NUP/DASS interworking using SIM messages;;
Figure 7 shows example ISDN Call Set-up message flows involving Q.931/NUP/DASS interworking using SIM messages;
Figure 8 shows Terminal Portability supplementary service message flows involving NUP to ISUP interworking using SEM messages;
Figure 9 shows Terminal Portability supplementary service message flows involving ISUP to NUP interworking using SEM messages;
Figure 10 shows example IN Call Set-up message flows using
SEM messages to establish a 'call set-up' association between the originating node and an SSCP for a call from a DASS subscriber.
Figure 11 shows example IN Call Set-up message flows using
SEM messages to establish a 'call set-up' association between the originating node and an analogue subscriber;
Figure 12 shows examine IN Call set-up message flows using
SEM messages to establish a 'call duration' association between the norigianting node and an SSCP;
Figure 13 shows example message flows using SEM messages to release a 'call duration' association between the originating node and an SSCP;
Figure 14 shows an example of a Voice Message Call using
SEM messages to establish a 'call duration' association between the diverting node and an SSCP;
Figure 15 shows an example of a Voice Message Call using
SEM messages to release a 'call duration' association between the diverting node and an SSCP;
Figure 16 shows a proposed format for Signalling
Enhancement Messages; ;
Figure 17 shows a proposed SEM format for Q.931 information;
Figure 18 shows a proposed SEM format for ISUP information;
Figure 19 shows a proposed SEM format for TUP+ information;
Figure 20 shows a proposed SEM format for IN infonation.
A table of abbreviations used in the description and drawings is included at the rear of the description.
It is proposed to introduce a new message group to the NUP message set.
This new message group is called SIGNALLING ENHANCEMENT
MESSAGE GROUP. Messages belonging to the Signalling Enhancement message group will all have the same HO header code. The purpose of the Signalling Enhancement messages is to convey enhanced signalling information transparently across the NUP network between : a) End points, b) an End point and an Interworking Point (such as an NUP/ISUP
interworking point), or c) any two points along the connection path (such as between
an SSP and an SCP).
The essential aim of the Signalling Enhancement messages is to carry information elements unchanged through the existing network to the node in the network that has the functionality to deal with the enhanced information/protocol (such as an NUP/ISUP interworking node). The intermediate nodes between the nodes which have the functionality to handle the enhanced information/protocol will simply repeat the message to the next node without analysing the content of the message. This can be achieved because messages belonging to the
Signalling Enhancement message group will all have the same HO header code. Intermediate nodes can recognize a message belonging to the
Signalling Enhancement message group by simple examination of the HO heading code and then simply repeat the message to the next node without analysing the rest of the message.
In addition to the proposal to introduce Signalling
Enhancement messages it is also proposed to add a new "Enhanced
Information Type" information element to the existing NUP IAM/IFAM messages. The originating NUP node will set the "Enhanced
Information Type" information element according to Enhanced
Information at the originating NUP node. This "Enhanced Information
Type" information could be a) none b) Q.931 c) ISUP d) TUP+ e) IN f) Any other specified access or network protocol
Each intermediate NUP node will set the "Enhanced
Information Type" information element in the outgoing lAM/IFAM message to the same value as received in the incoming IAM/IFAM message. The terminating/interworking NUP nodes should examine "Enhanced Information Type" information element.If that terminating/interworking node cannot handle information/protocols of type specified in the received "Enhanced Information Type" information element it will fail the call, otherewise it uses a SEM message to request the originating NUP node to send all available access information in SEM messages. The exception to this is where the terminating NUP node receives an IAM/IFAM message with the "Enhanced Information Type" set to 'none' or where the terminating access type at the termianting NUP node is DASS, in which case the information elements will be passed across the NUP network using the existing NUP Service Information Message (SIMs).
To allow for backward compatibility while the NUP network is being enhanced, ISDN information elements should be exchanged using the existing SIM messages if either of the access interfaces in the call is a DASS access interface.
This enhancement strategy for NUP will mean that :a) All nodes will need to be enhanced to handle " Enhanced
Information Type" information elements in IAM/IFAM
messages.
b) Intermediate nodes will need to be enhanced to recognise
Signalling Enhancement Messages and to pass the Signalling
Enhancement Messages onto the next node.
c) Originating NUP nodes that handle Enhanced Information will
need enhanced functionality to handle the different
information element conversion to existing Service
Information Message format.
d) Terminating NUP nodes that handle subscribers or
interworking to other network protocols will need enhanced
functionality to handle the different information elements
and procotols.
Figure 1 shows an example of an ISDN call set-up involving
NUP to ISUP interworking using Signalling Enhancement Messages (SEMs) to convey Q.931 information across the NUP network. The NUP IFAM message will need to have a new information element to define the
Enhanced Information Type. In this example the Enhanced Information
Type will indicate that the call has originated from a Q.931 interface and that the Enhanced Information is Q.931 information elements. When the interworking node receives the IFAM message it knows from the Enhanced Information Type information element in the
IFAM message that the Enhanced Information to be handled will be
Q.931 information elements. The interworking node now uses a
Signalling Enhancement Message (SEM) to request the originating node to send any Q.931 information that could not be sent in the IFAM message.The intermediate node recognises that the message is a
Signalling Enhancement Message from the value of the HO header code and pass the message onto previous node (the originating node) without looking at the contents of the rest of the message. On receipt of the Signalling Enhancement Message requesting any available Q.931 information, the originating node will return a
Signalling Enhancement Message containing the available Q.931 information to the interworking point. Once again when the intermediate node recognises that the message is a Signalling
Enhancement Message from the value of the HO header code, it will pass the message onto the next node (the interworking point) without looking at the contents of the rest of the message. On receipt of the available Q.931 information the interworking point can format and send the outgoing ISUP Initial Address message.
Figure 2 shows an example of an ISDN call set-up involving
ISUP to NUP interworking using Signalling enhancement Messages (SEMs) to convey ISUP information across the NUP network. The NUP IFAM message generated by the interworking node will need to have a new information element to define that the enhanced Information Type for this example will be ISUP information. When the terminating node receives the IFAM message it knows from the enhanced Information Type information element in the IFAM message that the Enhanced Information will be ISUP information. The terminating node now uses a Signalling
Enhancement Message (SEM) to request the interworking node to send any ISUP information that could not be sent in the IFAM message. The intermediate node recognises that the message is a Signalling
Enhancement Message from the value of the HO header code and passes the message onto the previous node (the interworking point) without looking at the contents of the rest of the message. On receipt of the Signalling Enhancement Message requesting any available ISUP information, the interworking node will return a Signalling
Enhancement Message containing the available ISUP information to the terminating node. Once again when the intermediate node recognises that the message is a Signalling Enhancement Message from the value of the HO header code, it will pass the message onto the next node (the terminating node) without looking at the contents of the rest of the message.On receipt of the available ISUP information the terminating node can format and send the outgoing Q.931 set-up message to the called Call Control Agent (CCA).
Figure 3 shows an example of an ISDN call set-up using
Signalling Enhancement Messages (SEMs) to convey Q.931 information across the NUP network. The NUP IFAM message will need to have a new information element to define the Enhanced Information Type. In this example the Enhanced Information Type will indicate that the Enhanced
Information will be Q.931 information. When the terminating node receives the IFAM message it knows from the Enhanced Information Type information element in the IFAM message that the Enhanced Information will be Q.931 information. The terminating node now uses a
Signalling Enhancement Message (SEM) to request the originating ndoe to send any Q.931 information that could not be sent in the IFAM message.Intermediate nodes recognise that the message is a
Signalling Enhancement Message from the value of the HO header code and pass the message onto the previous node without looking at the contents of the rest of the message. On receipt of the Signalling
Enhancement Message requesting any available Q.931 information, the originating node will return a Signalling Enhancement Message containing the available Q.931 information to the terminating node.
Once again when the intermediate nodes recognises that the message is a Signalling Enhancement Message from the value of the HO header code, it will pass the message onto the next node without looking at the contents of the rest of the message. On receipt of the available
Q.931 information the terminating node can format and send the outgoing Q.931 set-up message to the called Call Control Agent (CCA).
Figures 4 and 5 show examples of where an enhanced information interchange is not needed because the call originates from a access interface (such as a DASS interface) which does not support enhanced information elements. Because the originating access cannot support or initiate an enhanced information interchange, the originating node sets the Enhanced Information
Element in the IFAM message to 'none' and a normal NUP message interchange occurs.
Figures 6 and 7 show examples of where an enhanced information interchange using Signalling Enhancement Messages is not needed, either because the terminating exchange has not been enhanced to handle an enhanced information interchange, or because the call terminates on a access interface (such as DASS) which cannot handle enhanced information. The terminating node, recognises that an enhanced information interchange cannot be handled, will initiate the existing NUP information interchange (using SIM messages) instead of an enhanced information interchange (using Signalling Enhancement
Messages). In Figure 6 this happens even though the interworking node has set the Enhanced Information Element to ISUP in the IFAM message.
The Terminal Portability Supplementary Service allows a user to move a terminal from one socket to another within one given basic access during the active state of a call. The portability of a terminal in the call establishment and in the call clearing phases is not possible.
Figure 8 shows an ISDN call which involves NUP to
ISUP interworking. The call is in the active phase when the calling subscriber activates a call suspension. On receipt of the Q.931 "Suspend" message, the originating node formulates a Signalling
Enhancement Message to send the Q.931 "Suspend" information across the NUP network. On receipt of the Signalling Enhancement Message containing the Q.931 "Suspend" information, the Interworking Point will formulate and send an ISUP "Suspend" message.
Figure 9 shows an ISDN call which involves ISUP to NUP interworking. The call is in the active phase when the calling subscriber activates a call suspension. On receipt of the ISUP "Suspend" message, the interworking point formulates a Signalling
Enhancement Message to send the ISUP "Suspend" information across the
NUP network. On receipt of the Signalling Enhancement Message containing the ISUP "Suspend" information, the terminating node formulate a Q.931 "Notify" message containing "User suspended" information to the terminating Call Control Agent.
The early introduction of Intelligent Networks (IN) into the network in advance of a Network Connectionless Signalling capability (provided by SCCP) may also require that the IN service information elements be conveyed across the NUP signalling network as an interim solution.
If the NUP network is used for IN signalling it could provide a pseudo-connectionless service. Because the IN signalling only needs a connectionless signalling path and does not require an associated speech path, the IN circuit seized could be a 'pseudo-speech' circuit rather than a 'real-speech' circuit.
An IN signalling path could be set up across the NUP network by seizing an IN circuit (which could be a 'pseudo-speech circuit) on an IN route and sending a IFAM message with the "Enhanced
Information Type" information element set to 'IN information'. The address digits in the IFAM message can be used to provide signalling routing through intermediate nodes. The existing System X/NUP algorithms for handling alternate routing and congestion could be used.
When the SSCP node receives the IFAM message it will send a
Signalling Enhancement Message (SEM) to request the originating node to send its IN information. On receipt of the Signalling Enhancement
Message requesting any available IN information, the originating node will return a Signalling Enhancement Message containing the IN information to the SSCP. On receipt of the IN information the SSCP will take appropriate action and return appropriate information to the originating node so that it can continue to set-up the call. On receipt of the IN information the origination node can continue to set-up the connection and now has the option to either breakdown its association with the SSCP or maintain the association with SSCP for the duration of the call.
It may be possible that the existing NUP dimensioning rule could apply for these IN signalling routes.
Figures 10 and 11 show examples of IN call set-up that use
Signalling Enhancement Messages (SEMs) to convey IN information across the NUP network. The NUP IFAM message will need to have a new information element to define the Information Element Type. In this example the Information Element Type will be IN Information Elements.
When the originating node recognises that it needs to access IN information, it will set up an IN association with the SCCP by sending an NUP IFAM message with the Information Element Type set to
IN Information Elements. When the SSCP node receives the IFAM message it knows from the Information Element type information element in the IFAM message that the originating node has IN information to send. The SSCP node now uses a Signalling Enhancement
Message (SEM) to request the originating node to sent its IN information that could not be sent in the IFAM message. The intermediate node recognises that the message is a Signalling
Enhancement Message from the value of the HO header code and passes the message onto the previous node (the originating node) without looking at the contents of the rest of the message.On receipt of the Signalling Enhancement Message requesting any available IN information, the originating node will return a Signalling
Enhancement Message containing the IN information to the SSCP. Once again when the intermediate node recognises that the message is a
Signalling Enhancement Message from the value of the HO header code, it will pass the message onto the next node without looking at the contents of the rest of the message. On receipt of the IN information the SSCP will take appropriate action and return appropriate information to the originating node so that it can continue to set-up the call.On receipt of the IN information the originating node can continue to set-up the connection and now has the option to either breakdown its association with the SSCP (as shown in Figures 10 and 11) or maintain its association with SSCP during the speech phase of the call as shown in Figure 12.
Figure 13 shows the originating node releasing the IN association between the itself and the SSCP node, after the calling subscriber clears, by sending IN information in a SEM message. The
SSCP acknowledges the IN information by returning a SEM message to the originating node. The originating node then releases the circuit on the IN route to the SSCP.
Figure 14 shows an example of an IN association being set-up between a diverting node and an SSCP node after the diverting node has connected the call to a VAP. To set-up this IN association with the SSCP, the diverting node selects a circuit on a route to the
SSCP and send an IFAM with the Information Element type set to IN
Information Elements. When the SSCP node receives the IFAM message it knows from the Information Element Type information element in the
IFAM message that the diverting node has IN information to send. The
SSCP node now uses a Signalling Enhancement Message (SEM) to request the diverting node to send its IN information that could not be sent in the IFAM message. On receipt of the Signalling Enhancement
Message requesting any available IN information, the diverting node will return a Signalling Enhancement Message containing the IN information to the SSCP.
Figure 15 shows the IN association being released when the calling subscriber clears after being connected to the VAP. The diverting node release the circuit to the VAP and sends IN information to the SSCP in a SEM message to indicate that the VAP service has now been completed. Th SSCP acknowledges the IN information by returning a SEM messsage to the diverting node. The diverting node then releases the circuit on the IN route to the SSCP.
Figures 16 to 20 show proposed Signalling Enhancement
Message formats for Q.931, ISUP, TUP+ and IN information respectively.
Table of Abreviations
BC Bearer Capability
BTNR British Telecom Network Requirements
B/W Backwards
CA Call Arrival message
CAM Call Accepted Message
CC Call Control entity
CCA Call Control Agent
CCM Call Connected Message
CCT Circuit
CLI Calling Line Identity CR1 Call Charge Rate Information
CUG Closed User Group
DASS Digital Access Signalling System
FIC Facility Indicator Code
HLC High Level Capability IAM Initial Address Message
ICI Incoming Call Indication
IFAM Initial Final Address Message
IN Intelligent Network
ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network
ISUP ISDN Signalling User Part i/w interworking
LLC Low Level Capability
MOU Memorandum of Understanding
NAE Network Address Extension
NAM Number Acknowledge Message
NR Number Received
NUP National User Part
Q.931 Recommendation for Access Interface
RTI Ring Type Indicator
SCCP Signalling Connection Control Part
Table of Abbreviations (Continued)
SCP Service Control Point
SEM Signalling Enhancement Message
SIC Service Indication Code
SIM Service Information Message
SSCP Service Switching and Control Point
SSP Service Switching Point
TLI Terminating Line Indicator
TUP Telephony User Part
TUP+ Telephony User Part Plus
U-U User to User
VAP Voice Application Platform
Claims (6)
- CLAIMS 1. Means for providing future enhancements to an existing Telecommunication Signalling System comprising means for conveying Enhanced Signalling Information across a signalling system in Signalling Enhancement Messages belonging to a message group called the Signalling Enhancement Message Group, the Signalling System using a header code to group messages of a similar type into message groups.
- 2. An NUP Telecommunication Signalling System comprising a node having the functionality to generate and respond to a Signalling Enhancement Message belonging to a Signalling Enhancement Message Group.
- 3. Means for enhancing existing Telecommunication Signalling Systems to use Signalling Enhancement Messages to convey Intelligent Network Service Information Elements across the Signalling System Network.
- 4. A Telecommunication Signalling System comprising intermediate nodes able to repeat a Signalling Enhancement Message to a further node or intermediate node.
- 5. A Telecommunication Signalling System as claimed in Claim 1 and substantially as hereinbefore described, with reference to and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
- 6. A method of enhancing a Telecommunication Signalling System substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as illustrated in the accompaying drawings.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9026036A GB2254520A (en) | 1990-11-30 | 1990-11-30 | Telecommunications signalling enhancement |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9026036A GB2254520A (en) | 1990-11-30 | 1990-11-30 | Telecommunications signalling enhancement |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB9026036D0 GB9026036D0 (en) | 1991-01-16 |
| GB2254520A true GB2254520A (en) | 1992-10-07 |
Family
ID=10686238
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9026036A Withdrawn GB2254520A (en) | 1990-11-30 | 1990-11-30 | Telecommunications signalling enhancement |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2254520A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1997024888A1 (en) * | 1995-12-29 | 1997-07-10 | Mci Communications Corporation | Flexible enhanced signaling subsystem for a telecommunications switch |
| WO1998002005A1 (en) * | 1996-07-10 | 1998-01-15 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Method for transporting short messages in a wireless telecommunications system |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4755992A (en) * | 1986-06-06 | 1988-07-05 | Racal Data Communications Inc. | Transparent packet access over d-channel of ISDN |
| GB2207835A (en) * | 1987-08-06 | 1989-02-08 | Stc Plc Inc In United Kingdom | Message based signalling system architecture |
| EP0331205A2 (en) * | 1988-03-04 | 1989-09-06 | Nec Corporation | Transmission system of a packet signal in a integrated network system using a frame format flexible for various forms of the integrated network system |
| GB2240905A (en) * | 1990-01-31 | 1991-08-14 | Mitel Corp | Telephone or data switching system with variable protocol inter-office communication |
| GB2243973A (en) * | 1990-05-12 | 1991-11-13 | Motorola Inc | Data network interface |
-
1990
- 1990-11-30 GB GB9026036A patent/GB2254520A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4755992A (en) * | 1986-06-06 | 1988-07-05 | Racal Data Communications Inc. | Transparent packet access over d-channel of ISDN |
| GB2207835A (en) * | 1987-08-06 | 1989-02-08 | Stc Plc Inc In United Kingdom | Message based signalling system architecture |
| EP0331205A2 (en) * | 1988-03-04 | 1989-09-06 | Nec Corporation | Transmission system of a packet signal in a integrated network system using a frame format flexible for various forms of the integrated network system |
| GB2240905A (en) * | 1990-01-31 | 1991-08-14 | Mitel Corp | Telephone or data switching system with variable protocol inter-office communication |
| GB2243973A (en) * | 1990-05-12 | 1991-11-13 | Motorola Inc | Data network interface |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1997024888A1 (en) * | 1995-12-29 | 1997-07-10 | Mci Communications Corporation | Flexible enhanced signaling subsystem for a telecommunications switch |
| WO1998002005A1 (en) * | 1996-07-10 | 1998-01-15 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Method for transporting short messages in a wireless telecommunications system |
| US5878397A (en) * | 1996-07-10 | 1999-03-02 | Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) | Method for transporting short messages in a wireless telecommunications system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB9026036D0 (en) | 1991-01-16 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |