GB2219869A - Optical waveguide coupling device - Google Patents
Optical waveguide coupling device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2219869A GB2219869A GB8814139A GB8814139A GB2219869A GB 2219869 A GB2219869 A GB 2219869A GB 8814139 A GB8814139 A GB 8814139A GB 8814139 A GB8814139 A GB 8814139A GB 2219869 A GB2219869 A GB 2219869A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- optical
- waveguide
- spot size
- field spot
- waveguides
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
- G02B6/29304—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by diffraction, e.g. grating
- G02B6/29305—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by diffraction, e.g. grating as bulk element, i.e. free space arrangement external to a light guide
- G02B6/29307—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by diffraction, e.g. grating as bulk element, i.e. free space arrangement external to a light guide components assembled in or forming a solid transparent unitary block, e.g. for facilitating component alignment
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/255—Splicing of light guides, e.g. by fusion or bonding
- G02B6/2552—Splicing of light guides, e.g. by fusion or bonding reshaping or reforming of light guides for coupling using thermal heating, e.g. tapering, forming of a lens on light guide ends
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/262—Optical details of coupling light into, or out of, or between fibre ends, e.g. special fibre end shapes or associated optical elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
- G02B6/29304—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by diffraction, e.g. grating
- G02B6/29305—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by diffraction, e.g. grating as bulk element, i.e. free space arrangement external to a light guide
- G02B6/2931—Diffractive element operating in reflection
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
- G02B6/29379—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device
- G02B6/2938—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device for multiplexing or demultiplexing, i.e. combining or separating wavelengths, e.g. 1xN, NxM
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Optical Integrated Circuits (AREA)
- Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
Abstract
An optical coupling device for use as a wavelength division multiplexer or demultiplexer comprises an array of first optical waveguides 2-5 for carrying respective optical channels comprising optical signals with different wavelengths lambda 1- lambda 4; and a second optical waveguide 1 for carrying a wavelength division multiplex of the optical channels. A diffraction grating 8 may be provided to couple each channel between the respective first waveguide 2-5 and the second waveguide 1. Each first waveguide 2-5 has a tapered optical field spot size to assist in reducing the channel spacing of the device. The increase in spot size may be achieved by physically tapering the fibre or by changing the core region by diffusion. <IMAGE>
Description
OPTICAL COUPLING DEVICE
The invention relates to an optical coupling device including an array of first optical waveguides for carrying respective optical channels comprising optical signals with different wavelengths; a second optical waveguide for carrying a wavelength division multiplex o; the optical channels; and means for coupling each channel between the respective first waveguides and the second waveguide. Such devices are hereinafter referred to as of the kind described.
Devices of the kind described are used to constitute both wavelength division multiplexers in which individual channels are supplied to the first optical waveguides and are multiplexed into the second optical waveguide, and demultiplexers in which a wavelength division multiplex is supplied to the second optical waveguide and is demultiplexed into the respective first optical waveguides.
Conventional optical waveguides comprise optical fibres which have a refractive index profile determined by the physical construction of the fibre which may be characterised by a core region within a peak region of the refractive index profile and cladding material around the core. Typically monomode optical fibres have a core with a 1OILm diameter and a cladding with a 125cry diameter. Although these parameters are suitable for fibre transmission, they lead to problems when connecting such fibres. When such fibres are used in wavelength division multiplexers where optical radiation is coupled into the fibres only a small proportion of the spectrum enters each core compared with the cladding, typically in the ratio 10:125. The channel separation is limited by this physical property of the fibres core to cladding ratio.It is important however for each channel to be coupled very precisely between the second waveguide and the respective first waveguides to avoid significant losses.
To deal with the problems outlined above, it has previously been the practice to etch the cladding so as to reduce the overall diameter of the fibres (for example to 60m) so that the fibre cores can be mounted more closely together in the array. In conjunction with a single focussing lens separate from the fibres which focusses the incoming demultiplexed signals onto the array the ratio of core to cladding is improved.
However, because the relative positions of the cores in the array depend upon the overall diameter of the fibres, it is necessary to control the etch process very accurately. Etched fibres also have other problems which will be outlined below.
Tn accordance with- the present invention, we provide an optical coupling device of the kind described wherein each first waveguide has a tapered optical field spot size in use, with respect to the waveguiding direction of the first waveguide.
Preferably, the second waveguide also has a tapered optical field spot size in use, with respect to the wasreguiding direction of the second waveguide.
We have recognised that in order to achieve efficient coupling, it is important in the case of optical fibres, to increase the ratio of optical field spot size to cladding diameter so that the spot size forms a greater proportion of the cross-sectional area of the fibre. This effectively increases the optical field spot size which may be defined as the cross-sectional width of an optical field propagating in the waveguide as measured between the l/e intensity levels. Optical field spot size is also known as "mode spot size", "optical field size", or "beam spot size". By tapering the optical field spot size along the length of the first waveguides, the incoming signal in the case of a demultiplexer is efficiently coupled into a downstream portion of the waveguide having a narrow refractive index peak region.
In one arrangement, the external diameter of each optical waveguide having a tapered optical field spot size is substantially constant throughout the region in which the optical field spot size tapers in use. In this case, the tapered optical field spot size is achieved by tapering the core region of the waveguide and this can be achieved by using any of the methods described in our copending patent application No.8729944 (ie. dopant diffusion). This arrangement is particularly useful since the resultant waveguide diameter is unchanged allowing standard connecting and holding equipment to be used.
In another arrangement, the external diameter of each optical waveguide having a tapered optical field spot tapers in the region in which the optical field spot size tapers in use. This physical tapering reduces the core size which effectively spreads the field out in the waveguide. Such tapering can be achieved by heating and pulling the waveguide, typically a fibre.
The invention has a number of significant advantages over the previously known etching processes. Firstly, tapering the optical field spot size may be easier than etching the cladding. Secondly, in the case of dopant diffusion, the resultant fibres will be more robust than the corresponding etched fibres. Thirdly, the preparation process can be closely controlled in contrast to etching leading to the possibility of mass production of suitable waveguides. Fourthly, in the etching process the core region is left unchanged and so, in the case of a multiplexer, there is a significant divergence of the signal leaving the core region. With the invention, however, there is much less divergence and so the focussing arrangement required does not need to be so powerful and will suffer from smaller aberrations.
Although in many cases tapering the optical field spot size by itself will be sufficient, some reduction in the thickness of the outer region of the waveguide may also be carried out, for example by etching in the case ot optical fibres.
The array of first optical waveguides may be a one or two dimensional array.
The coupling means may be provided by any conventional form of coupling svstem but will typically include a diffraction grating angled so as to cause light to pass between the first optical waveguides and the second optical waveguide.
Tn the preferred arrangement, the array of first optical waveguides and the second optical waveguide receive light from and transmit light to the same face of a common lens, light transmitted through the lens from the optical waveguides impinging on and being reflected by a diffraction grating for passage hack through the lens.
A paper entitled "Theory of tapering single-mode optical fibres by controlled core diffusion" by
C.P.Botham, published in Flectronics Letters 18th
February 1988 and a paper entitled "Tapers in single-mode optical fibre by controlled core diffusion" by J.S.Harper et al, published in Electronics Letters 18th February 1988 describe methods for varying the optical field spot size in an optical fibre by heating. These papers are concerned, however, with the interconnecting of optical fibres, which process is simplified by causing a significant expansion in the optical field width at the ends of the fibres. These applications should be contrasted with the present invention which relies on the recognition that improvements in wavelength division multiplexers can be achieved by varying the optical field spot size to fibre diameter ratio.
An example of a wavelength division multiplexer according to the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the device;
Figures 2A and 2B illustrate the refractive index profile and mode spot size before and after heating a monomode optical fibre, respectively; and,
Figure 3 illustrates graphically the variation in the mode field radius along the optical fibre.
The device shown in Figure 1 comprises a one dimensional array of monomode optical fibres 1-5 mounted side by side and terminating at a graded index rod shaped lens 6. A prism 7 is bonded to the opposite face of the lens 6 and carries on its hypotenuse surface a diffraction grating 8 formed by applying metallisation strips to the surface. In operation, a wavelength division multiplex signal formed by multiplexing four different wavelengths (A1-A4) together corresponding to four channels is supplied along the optical fibre 1 and is coupled from that fibre into the lens 6. At the diffraction grating 8, the incoming beam is diffracted with the zero order diffraction beam 9 passing out of the device while the higher order beams are fed back to the input ends of the fibres 2-5.The line spacing and angle of the diffraction grating 8 are chosen such that the diffracted wavelengths A 1-A4 are guided towards the respective optical fibres 2-5. Typically the grating will have a line density of about 600 lines/mm, the length of the lens 6 will be about 1 cm and the diameter of each optical fibre 1-5 will be in the order of 125 microns. It will be appreciated therefore that Figure 1 is not to scale.
Each optical fibre 1-5 has a central core region 10 and an outer cladding region 11 surrounding the core region. For example, if the optical fibre is made of silica then the cladding region may be doped with fluorine or the core region may be doped with Ge. The effect of the fluorine dopant is to reduce the refractive index of the cladding region 11 relative to the core 10 while the Ge dopant increases the refractive index of the core region 10 relative to the cladding region 11. The properties of both are the same, the refractive index profile being shown by the solid line 12 in Figure 2A.
Typically, for a single mode fibre, the core region has a diameter of about 10 microns. In normal operation, an optical field will be substantially confined within the core region 10 of the fibre as indicated by the dashed line 13 in Figure 2A. The form of the optical field can most conveniently be characterised by the optical field spot size which is defined as the distance "x" in Figure 2A (slightly larger than the core diameter) ie. the width of the optical field as measured between the 1/e intensity levels. It can be seen therefore that in a normal fibre, the optical field spot size is small compared with the overall width of the optical fibre.
This relatively small optical field spot size leads to significant losses occurring when the non-zero order diffracted beams are coupled into the fibres 2-5.
To deal with this problem, the end sections of the fibres 1-5 adjacent the lens 6 are modified so that the optical field spot size will taper outwardly towards the lens 6. Thus, in cross-section, the optical field spot size will be larger in the modified fibre than in the unmodified fibre. The optical field spot size is modified by changing the refractive index profile adjacent the lens 6 to take up the form shown by the line 15 in Figure 2B which will result in an optical field spot of the form shown by the dashed line 14 in Figure 2B. At this point, the optical field spot size has increased to about 30 microns so that the ratio between the optical field spot size and the diameter of the fibre has changed to about 1:4. This results in much more efficient coupling of the incoming beams into the fibres.
Thus, a greater proportion of the incoming beam will be received within the core region defined by the optical field spot size.
As can be seen in Figure 1, each of the fibres 2-5 has a core region which is tapered outwardly towards the lens 6 and typically this taper will extend over a length of a few centimetres.
In order t taper the optical field spot size, each of the fibres 1-5 is subjected to a heat treatment described in detail in our copending patent application No.8729954 the content of which is incorporated herein by reference. Heating the optical fibre causes dopant in the cladding region to diffuse into the core region thereby changing the refractive index profile. By suitably varying the duration of the heating along the length of the fibre, a tapered form of the core region can be generated. Figure 3 illustrates an example of the variation of mode field radius ti.e. half the optical field spot size) with distance from the centre of the heated region (ie. the end of the fibre adjacent the lens 6 in use) and compares this with a normal, non-tapered fibre. In this case the widest optical field spot size is 16X1m although tapers up to 30m are feasible.
Claims (9)
1. An optical coupling device including an array of first optical waveguides for carrying respective optical channels comprising optical signals with different wavelengths; a second optical waveguide for carrying a wavelength division multiplex of the optical channels; and means for coupling each channel between the respective first waveguides and the second waveguide wherein each first waveguide has a tapered optical field spot size in use, with respect to the waveguiding direction of the first waveguide.
2. A device according to claim 1, wherein the second waveguide also has a tapered optical field spot size in use, with respect to the waveguiding direction of the second waveguide
3. A device according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the external diameter of each optical waveguide having a tapered optical field spot size is substantially constant throughout the region in which the optical field spot size tapers in use.
4. A device according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the external diameter of the first optical waveguides is reduced in the region in which the optical field spot size tapers in use.
5. A device according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the optical waveguides comprise optical fibres.
6. A device according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the array of first optical waveguides comprises a one dimensional array.
7. A device according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the coupling means includes a diffraction grating.
8. A device according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the first and second optical waveguides are arranged to receive light from and inject light into a common lens of the coupling means.
9. An optical coupling device substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8814139A GB2219869B (en) | 1988-06-15 | 1988-06-15 | Optical coupling device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8814139A GB2219869B (en) | 1988-06-15 | 1988-06-15 | Optical coupling device |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8814139D0 GB8814139D0 (en) | 1988-07-20 |
| GB2219869A true GB2219869A (en) | 1989-12-20 |
| GB2219869B GB2219869B (en) | 1992-10-14 |
Family
ID=10638686
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8814139A Expired - Lifetime GB2219869B (en) | 1988-06-15 | 1988-06-15 | Optical coupling device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2219869B (en) |
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0444817A2 (en) * | 1990-02-26 | 1991-09-04 | AT&T Corp. | Optical multiplexer/demultiplexer |
| GB2251957A (en) * | 1990-11-29 | 1992-07-22 | Toshiba Kk | "Wavelength (DE) multiplex optical coupler" |
| EP0510885A2 (en) * | 1991-04-24 | 1992-10-28 | AT&T Corp. | N x N optical star coupler |
| GB2318412A (en) * | 1996-10-21 | 1998-04-22 | Nicolas Francois Reue Schmitt | Optical fibre arrangement incorporating Bragg grating |
| EP0859249A1 (en) * | 1997-02-14 | 1998-08-19 | Photonetics | Optical fiber wavelength multiplexer and demultiplexer |
| US6249364B1 (en) | 1997-02-14 | 2001-06-19 | Photonetics | Optical wave-guide wavelength multiplexer and demultiplexer |
| WO2001081964A2 (en) * | 2000-04-26 | 2001-11-01 | Zolo Technologies, Inc. | Apparatus and method for producing a flat-topped filter response for diffraction grating (de)multiplexer |
| US6330090B1 (en) | 1997-02-14 | 2001-12-11 | Photonetics | Optical fiber wavelength, multiplexer and demultiplexer |
| EP1225461A2 (en) * | 2000-12-22 | 2002-07-24 | MetroPhotonics Inc. | Bidirectional multiplexer and demultiplexer based on a single echelle waveguide grating |
| FR2822241A1 (en) * | 2001-03-15 | 2002-09-20 | Teem Photonics | GUIDING STRUCTURE FOR TRANSFORMING A GAUSSIAN PROFILE PROPAGATION MODE INTO AN EXTENDED PROFILE PROPAGATION MODE |
| US6477293B1 (en) | 1998-08-24 | 2002-11-05 | Ilya Golub | Multiplexer/demultiplexer for WDM optical signals |
| JP2005504353A (en) * | 2001-10-01 | 2005-02-10 | ハイウェーブ オプチカル テクノロジーズ ソシエテ アノニメ | Spectral separation optical component |
| CN107024738A (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2017-08-08 | 华为技术有限公司 | Apparatus and method for fiber bundle coupling |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110857977B (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2024-09-17 | 武汉万集光电技术有限公司 | Optical antenna, phased array laser radar and two-dimensional scanning method of optical antenna |
Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1527976A (en) * | 1976-08-02 | 1978-10-11 | Corning Glass Works | Optical junction devices |
| US4179185A (en) * | 1978-02-27 | 1979-12-18 | Corning Glass Works | Coupler for optical communication system |
| GB1558643A (en) * | 1977-04-14 | 1980-01-09 | Standard Telephones Cables Ltd | Optical couplers |
| GB2028533A (en) * | 1978-08-29 | 1980-03-05 | Siemens Ag | Fibre-optic mixer arrangements |
| EP0013972A1 (en) * | 1979-01-22 | 1980-08-06 | Rockwell International Corporation | Tapered mixing rod for a fiber optical multi-port coupler |
| GB2123165A (en) * | 1982-05-13 | 1984-01-25 | Philips Nv | Optical multiplexer |
| GB2139374A (en) * | 1983-04-25 | 1984-11-07 | American Telephone & Telegraph | Optical multiplexer/demultiplexer |
| US4566753A (en) * | 1982-08-07 | 1986-01-28 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Optical star coupler |
| US4652080A (en) * | 1982-06-22 | 1987-03-24 | Plessey Overseas Limited | Optical transmission systems |
| EP0220439A2 (en) * | 1985-10-03 | 1987-05-06 | AT&T Corp. | Expanded end optical fiber and associated coupling arrangements |
-
1988
- 1988-06-15 GB GB8814139A patent/GB2219869B/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1527976A (en) * | 1976-08-02 | 1978-10-11 | Corning Glass Works | Optical junction devices |
| GB1558643A (en) * | 1977-04-14 | 1980-01-09 | Standard Telephones Cables Ltd | Optical couplers |
| US4179185A (en) * | 1978-02-27 | 1979-12-18 | Corning Glass Works | Coupler for optical communication system |
| GB2028533A (en) * | 1978-08-29 | 1980-03-05 | Siemens Ag | Fibre-optic mixer arrangements |
| EP0013972A1 (en) * | 1979-01-22 | 1980-08-06 | Rockwell International Corporation | Tapered mixing rod for a fiber optical multi-port coupler |
| GB2123165A (en) * | 1982-05-13 | 1984-01-25 | Philips Nv | Optical multiplexer |
| US4652080A (en) * | 1982-06-22 | 1987-03-24 | Plessey Overseas Limited | Optical transmission systems |
| US4566753A (en) * | 1982-08-07 | 1986-01-28 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Optical star coupler |
| GB2139374A (en) * | 1983-04-25 | 1984-11-07 | American Telephone & Telegraph | Optical multiplexer/demultiplexer |
| EP0220439A2 (en) * | 1985-10-03 | 1987-05-06 | AT&T Corp. | Expanded end optical fiber and associated coupling arrangements |
Cited By (25)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0444817A2 (en) * | 1990-02-26 | 1991-09-04 | AT&T Corp. | Optical multiplexer/demultiplexer |
| EP0444817A3 (en) * | 1990-02-26 | 1992-07-01 | American Telephone And Telegraph Company | Optical multiplexer/demultiplexer |
| GB2251957A (en) * | 1990-11-29 | 1992-07-22 | Toshiba Kk | "Wavelength (DE) multiplex optical coupler" |
| US5170451A (en) * | 1990-11-29 | 1992-12-08 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Optical wdm (wavelength division multiplex) coupler |
| GB2251957B (en) * | 1990-11-29 | 1993-12-15 | Toshiba Kk | Optical coupler |
| EP0510885A2 (en) * | 1991-04-24 | 1992-10-28 | AT&T Corp. | N x N optical star coupler |
| EP0510885A3 (en) * | 1991-04-24 | 1993-02-24 | American Telephone And Telegraph Company | N x n optical star coupler |
| GB2318412A (en) * | 1996-10-21 | 1998-04-22 | Nicolas Francois Reue Schmitt | Optical fibre arrangement incorporating Bragg grating |
| US6330090B1 (en) | 1997-02-14 | 2001-12-11 | Photonetics | Optical fiber wavelength, multiplexer and demultiplexer |
| US6249364B1 (en) | 1997-02-14 | 2001-06-19 | Photonetics | Optical wave-guide wavelength multiplexer and demultiplexer |
| EP0859249A1 (en) * | 1997-02-14 | 1998-08-19 | Photonetics | Optical fiber wavelength multiplexer and demultiplexer |
| US6084695A (en) * | 1997-02-14 | 2000-07-04 | Photonetics | Optical fiber wavelength multiplexer and demutiplexer |
| US6477293B1 (en) | 1998-08-24 | 2002-11-05 | Ilya Golub | Multiplexer/demultiplexer for WDM optical signals |
| US6421481B1 (en) | 2000-02-04 | 2002-07-16 | Zolo Technologies, Inc. | Apparatus and method for producing a flat-topped filter response for diffraction grating (De) multiplexer |
| WO2001081964A2 (en) * | 2000-04-26 | 2001-11-01 | Zolo Technologies, Inc. | Apparatus and method for producing a flat-topped filter response for diffraction grating (de)multiplexer |
| WO2001081964A3 (en) * | 2000-04-26 | 2002-06-06 | Zolo Technologies Inc | Apparatus and method for producing a flat-topped filter response for diffraction grating (de)multiplexer |
| EP1225461A3 (en) * | 2000-12-22 | 2004-07-07 | MetroPhotonics Inc. | Bidirectional multiplexer and demultiplexer based on a single echelle waveguide grating |
| EP1225461A2 (en) * | 2000-12-22 | 2002-07-24 | MetroPhotonics Inc. | Bidirectional multiplexer and demultiplexer based on a single echelle waveguide grating |
| US6959129B2 (en) | 2000-12-22 | 2005-10-25 | Metrophotonics Inc. | Bidirectional multiplexer and demultiplexer based on a single echelle waveguide grating |
| WO2002075386A2 (en) * | 2001-03-15 | 2002-09-26 | Teem Photonics | Guide structure for transformation of the mode of propagation from a gaussian type profile into a mode of propagation with a wideband profile |
| WO2002075386A3 (en) * | 2001-03-15 | 2003-11-27 | Teem Photonics | Guide structure for transformation of the mode of propagation from a gaussian type profile into a mode of propagation with a wideband profile |
| FR2822241A1 (en) * | 2001-03-15 | 2002-09-20 | Teem Photonics | GUIDING STRUCTURE FOR TRANSFORMING A GAUSSIAN PROFILE PROPAGATION MODE INTO AN EXTENDED PROFILE PROPAGATION MODE |
| JP2005504353A (en) * | 2001-10-01 | 2005-02-10 | ハイウェーブ オプチカル テクノロジーズ ソシエテ アノニメ | Spectral separation optical component |
| CN107024738A (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2017-08-08 | 华为技术有限公司 | Apparatus and method for fiber bundle coupling |
| CN107024738B (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2018-12-14 | 华为技术有限公司 | Device and method for fiber bundle coupling |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB8814139D0 (en) | 1988-07-20 |
| GB2219869B (en) | 1992-10-14 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| DE69019576T2 (en) | Optical multiplexer / demultiplexer with focusing Bragg reflectors. | |
| DE69714378T2 (en) | Device with fiber optic tap | |
| US6353694B1 (en) | MMI thermo-optic coupler | |
| US5764829A (en) | Optical signal shaping device for complex spectral shaping applications | |
| US4634215A (en) | Wavelength multi/demultiplexer | |
| GB2219869A (en) | Optical waveguide coupling device | |
| EP0822428A1 (en) | Method and apparatus for atomic absorption-spectroscopy | |
| CA2229607A1 (en) | Wavelength selective grating assisted optical couplers | |
| DE3414724C2 (en) | ||
| US6522805B1 (en) | Optical multiplexer/demultiplexer | |
| DE69808111T2 (en) | OPTICAL COUPLER AND / OR MULTIPLEXER | |
| DE69900660T2 (en) | Device with a dispersive fiber optic tap | |
| JP3039491B2 (en) | Optical wavelength multiplexer / demultiplexer | |
| US5675675A (en) | Bandwidth-adjusted wavelength demultiplexer | |
| US6317536B1 (en) | Phased fiber array for multiplexing and demultiplexing | |
| EP1130424A3 (en) | Optical waveguide circuit | |
| US20020094183A1 (en) | Waveguide having efficient dimensions | |
| CA2123757A1 (en) | Method for making optical waveguide couplers with low wavelength sensitivity and couplers thereby produced | |
| DE60219647T2 (en) | DECORATION OF THE TRANSMISSION BELT IN A SHAFT GRILLE | |
| DE60220276T2 (en) | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR INFLUENCING A SPECTRAL TRANSMISSION RANGE | |
| EP1384101B1 (en) | Arrangement for multiplexing and/or demultiplexing the signals of at least two optical wavelength channels | |
| DE60209153T2 (en) | OPTICAL COMPONENT FOR THE SPECTRAL SEPARATION OF LIGHT OF DIFFERENT WAVELENGTHS | |
| EP1318420B1 (en) | Optical coupler and arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) comprising the same | |
| CA2306325A1 (en) | Mmi thermo-optic coupler | |
| DE10061836A1 (en) | Optical fiber cable and method for transmitting optical signals, in particular using wavelength division multiplexing |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 732E | Amendments to the register in respect of changes of name or changes affecting rights (sect. 32/1977) | ||
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20050615 |