GB2210797A - Blood oxygenator apparatus - Google Patents
Blood oxygenator apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2210797A GB2210797A GB8823710A GB8823710A GB2210797A GB 2210797 A GB2210797 A GB 2210797A GB 8823710 A GB8823710 A GB 8823710A GB 8823710 A GB8823710 A GB 8823710A GB 2210797 A GB2210797 A GB 2210797A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- blood
- heat exchanger
- oxygenator
- reservoir
- oxygenation chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 title claims description 115
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 title claims description 115
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000017531 blood circulation Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 210000001364 upper extremity Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 5
- 210000000601 blood cell Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 230000002612 cardiopulmonary effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004087 circulation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001766 physiological effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002473 artificial blood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000003141 lower extremity Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000008320 venous blood flow Effects 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004925 denaturation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036425 denaturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003414 extremity Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000004217 heart function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007102 metabolic function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002926 oxygen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001706 oxygenating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002345 respiratory system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
- A61M1/3621—Extra-corporeal blood circuits
- A61M1/3627—Degassing devices; Buffer reservoirs; Drip chambers; Blood filters
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
- A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
- A61M1/1621—Constructional aspects thereof
- A61M1/1629—Constructional aspects thereof with integral heat exchanger
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
- A61M1/3621—Extra-corporeal blood circuits
- A61M1/3623—Means for actively controlling temperature of blood
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
- A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
- A61M1/1698—Blood oxygenators with or without heat-exchangers
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
Description
22107 9 7 BLOOD OXYGENATOR APPARATUS The present invention relates to a
blood oxygenator apparatus particularly designed for use in cardiopulmonary surgery with extracorporeal blood circulation.
The second half of the 20th Century has witnessed an,accelerated development in surgical techniques. In the last 30 years, no surgical technique has developed faster than open-heart cardiopulmonary surgery, that is surgery in which the normal beating of the heart is interrupted and its cavities are cut open in order to allow the examination of the interior of the organ and the proper correction of its functions.
Open heart cardiopulmonary surgery as described above requires the use of extracorporeal blood circulation systems. An extracorporeal blood circulation system is a system which effects the blood circulation function ordinarily accomplished by the circulatory system and also the breathing function, including the gaseous exchange and blood oxygenation ordinarily performed by the respiratory system. This extracorporeal blood circulation system desirably has a performance as similar as possible to the physiological performance of the human body.
Because it is essential in cardiopulmonary surgery to-interrupt the normal heart function, the artificial blood circulation system must be able, when used in an adult patient, to collect from 4 to 5 liters of blood per minute, 2 deliver this volume of blood to a gaseous exchange surface having a certain minimum area, and to pump this blood back into the circulatory system of the patient.
Additionally, depending on the length of the surgical procedure, which usually lasts several hours, the artificial blood circulation system must be capable of performing its programmed functions reliably over several hours without substantially altering the physiological properties of the blood or of the patient's organs, i.e. without impairing the integrity of the extremely fragile blood cells or causing any harm to the easily affected proteins present in the plasma in order not to cause "denaturation',.
Basically, the known extracorporeal blood circulation systems comprise a pumping apparatus such a's a peristaltic pump, to pump and maintain the circulation of the blood, and an oxygenator to oxygenate the blood. Peristaltic pumps are well known and their operation-does not normally affect significantly the physiological properties of the blood. However, the blood oxygenator apparatus does have a very significant part to play in the preservation of the physiological properties of the blood, since it is inside the oxygenator that the blood cells undergo a direct contact with the gaseous exchange surface, which contact can be hazardous to the integrity of the cells.
The presently known blood oxygenators are of three types: film oxygenators, bubble oxygenators, and-membrane oxygenators. Each of these oxygenates the blood in a different way. The one which is closest in performance to the physiological oxygenation process and which therefore offers the least risk of causing harm to the blood cells, is the membrane blood oxygenator. In this type of oxygenator, the blood is forced to flow through a core formed by a hollow fiber membrane having capillary dimensions and supplied with a f low of oxygen therethrough, the blood being oxygenated by a direct transfer of this oxygen to the blood cells.
In addition to oxygenating the blood, the blood oxygenators are also ordinarily used to control the temperature of the patient. Normally, during a lengthy surgical procedure the temperature of the patient's body is lowered in order to reduce its metabolic functions to a minimum, and after the surgery is completed the temperature is raised back to its normal level. This control of the patient's temperature is accomplished by means of a heat exchanger incorporated in the blood oxygenator apparatus, through which the blood passes in a heat exchange relation with a cooling or heating fluid, according to what is necessary.
Thus, a conventional membrane blood oxygenator comprises three main parts: a blood reservoir to receive and accumulate the blood collected from the patient, a heat exchanger to control the temperature of the blood, and an oxygenation chamber in which the venous blood is oxygenated (arterialized) before it is pumped back to the patient.
The first membrane blood oxygenator apparatus commercially available comprised a blood reservoir in the form of an opaque, collapsible bag with a separate combined heat exchanger and oxygenation chamber unit. The blood accumulated in the collapsible bag passed through the peristaltic pump to the combined heat exchanger and oxygenation chamber unit, and then back to the patient in a closed circulation system. This arrangement, however, has a number of disadvantages. Firstly, it needs a large number of blood lines connecting and directing all the venous blood from the patient to the collapsible bag, from the bag to the pump, from the pump to the combined heat exchanger and oxygenation chamber unit, and from this unit back to the patient. This large number of connections makes it difficult to replace the blood oxygenator in an emergency.
4 A second disadvantage is that the opaque, collapsible bag reservoir, does not provide the medical staff performing the surgery with any indication either of the volume of venous blood within the bag (except when it is completely empty) or of its condition since the blood cannot be seen.
A first solution proposed to overcome these disadvantages was to replace the opaque bag by a bag made from a transparent material, so that the amount and condition of the blood in the reservoir could be observed.
A second solution previously proposed to overcome these disadvantages was to place the transparent collapsible bag in a rigid frame integrally formed with the combined heat exchange and oxygenation chamber unit, thus reducing the number of connections and facilitating the emergency replacement of the blood oxygenator apparatus, while still maintaining a closed blood circulation system.
In a later improvement, the collapsible bag was replaced by a rigid reservoir for the venous blood, made from a transparent plastic material, and the heat exchanger was placed within the reservoir. With this improvement, the closed blood circulation system was replaced by an open circulation system in which the blood was not maintained under pressure all the time, the open system having proved better for preserving the physiological properties of the blood.
This open circulation system, comprising a blood oxygenator apparatus integrally formed in a single piece and having the heat exchanger within the blood reservoir, however, also has some disadvantages, particularly in connection with the performance of the heat exchanger. In particular, the positioning of the heat exchanger inside the blood reservoir means that it is upstream of the peristaltic pump. Thus, the blood passing through the heat exchanger is not subjected to any pressure other than atmospheric.
As a result, the exchange of heat is effected mainly while the blood is passing along the heat exchange surface as the blood descends under gravity to the bottom of the blood reservoir, or it depends on the volume of blood contacting the heat exchanger inside the blood reservoir. In both cases the efficiency of the heat exchange is seriously hindered because it is not exchanging heat along all of its exchange surface.
We have now devised a blood oxygenator apparatus which mitigates or overcomes the above discussed disadvantages of the prior art oxygenators.
According to the present invention, the blood oxygenator apparatus comprises blood pumping means and blood oxygenator means, said blood oxygenator means comprising a rigid blood reservoir, a heat exchanger and an oxygenation chamber integrally formed in one piece, said oxygenation chamber being interposed between said blood reservoir and the heat exchanger, whereby the blood collected in the reservoir first passes through said peristaltic pump prior to its passage through the heat exchanger and the oxygenation chamber.
In order that the invention may be more fully understood, an embodiment thereof will now be described by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIGURE 1 is a front elevation view of the embodiment of blood oxygenator apparatus; and FIGURE 2 is a schematic illustration of the lines connecting an extracorporeal blood circulation system using a blood oxygenator apparatus according to the present invention to a patient.
With reference now more particularly to the drawings, a blood oxygenator apparatus according to the present invention for use in an extracorporeal blood circulation system comprises, basically, a blood reservoir 1,-an oxygenation chamber 2 and a heat exchanger 3 integrally formed in only one piece.
6 The blood reservoir 1 is formed from a rigid and transparent plastic material having physical-chemical properties that allow it to be heat sterilized, having its upper extremity closed by a lid 4 with a plurality of connec-tions for receiving blood lines.
These connections comprise a main venous blood entrance 5 to receive the venous blood collected from the patient, auxiliary connections 6 to receive the venous blood collected by aspirators 30 and fed in lines 31, a connection 7 to receive the venous blood from a cardiotomy reservoir (not shown), a connection 8 to allow the recirculation of the blood from the blood oxygenator apparatus, a connection 9 to prime the blood oxygenator apparatus, and a connection 10 through which gas can exit.
Additionally, the blood reservoir 1 is provided with an exit connection 11 opposed to the upper extremity to allow the blood accumulated therein to flow freely, as well as a connection 12 to allow the taking of blood samples, and a connection 13 to receive a thermometer to measure the temperature of the blood. The lid 4, in addition to the above cited connections, may also be provided with one or more'connections thereon to allow drugs to be injected into the blood accumulated in the reservoir.
The blood reservoir 1 can also be used as a cardiotomy reservoir, as long as its volume is great enough to provide a balance of the dynamic flow. When this balance cannot be obtained, then the cardiotomy reservoir must be used to receive the blood from the aspirators, and the respective connections 6 for the aspiration lines must be kept closed.
A bubble breaker sponge 14 is positioned inside the blood reservoir 1, adjacent to its upper extremity, and a filter 15 to retain eventual coagula transported in the venous blood is placed immediately beneath said sponge, wh-ereby all the venous blood collected from the patient is forced to pass through said sponge 14 and filter 15 when it enters the blood reservoir 1 in a first treatment step.
The venous blood, free from impurities, bubbles and coagula, accumulates in the interior of the blood reservoir 1, which has a bottom surface 16 slightly inclined in order to direct the venous blood towards the blood exit connedtion 11.
Immediately beneath the blood reservoir 1, but without any communication therewith, is the oxygenation chamber 2. The oxygenation chamber of the blood oxygenator apparatus comprises a core made from a hollow porous airpermeable, filament having capillary dimensions, and the venous blood flows along this core during the oxygenation process.
A gas entrance 17 is provided in the upper extremity of the oxygenation chamber 2, close to the blood reservoir 1, the chamber being also provided with a connection 18 to allow the collection of the blood arterialized by the oxygenation process, and with a connection 19 to receive a thermometer therein to measure the temperature of the blood, both these connections being located close to the gas entrance 17. The exit for the gas used in the oxygenation,process 20 is located within the chamber 2, which is additionally provided with a connection 21 to allow the recirculation of the blood to the reservoir, when so desired.
The entrance of the venous blood to the oxygenation chamber is directly from the exit of the heat exchanger 3, positioned adjacent to the lower extremity of said oxygenation chamber, and the blood after being treated in the oxygenation chamber exits the chamber 2 through the exit connection 22.adjacent the upper extremity thereof.
The heat exchanger 3 comprises a plurality of vertically positioned tubes having a relatively small length, with a heat exchanging fluid, typically water, ci-rculating therethrough. The flilid is fed to the heat exchanger 3 through an entrance connection 23 and is removed therefrom through an exit connection 24, both these 8 connections being in the lower extremity lid 25 of the heat exchanger 3. The entrance connection 26 for the venous blood to be treated in the heat exchanger is also located in the lid 25.
As can be better seen from Figure 2, the venous blood from the blood reservoir 1 is directed to the blood pumping apparatus, in the present case a peristaltic pump 27, and from the pump to the heat exchanger entrance connection 26. The exit from the heat exchanger opens directly into the interior of the oxygenation chamber 2, from which the blood arterialized by the oxygenation process is removed through the exit connection 22 at its upper extremity and redirected to the patient.
From the above description it should be noted that the oxygenation process of the venous blood is effected in counter-current, that is the venous blood flows upwards inside the oxygenation chamber while the gas used in the process is pumped downwards towards the exit connection 20 located in the bottom extremity of the chamber.
The constructional features of the apparatus of the present invention provide improved efficiency when compared to the blood oxygenators of the prior art, because the heat exchange function does not depend on the volume or the amount of venous blood in the reservoir, and because the blood is pressurized before it passes through the heat exchanger so that heat exchange is forced.
Another advantage provided by the blood oxygenator apparatus of the present invention is the smaller volume of blood sequestered from the patient to prime the extracorporeal blood circulation system (approximately 450 ml). This is a significant advantage because the smaller the amount of blood sequestered from the patient prior to the surgical procedure, the better the patient's condition to withstand the surgery.
Additionally, the direct connection from the exit 9 of the heat exchanger to the entrance of the oxygenation chamber enables the flow of blood inside the heat exchanger to be radially oriented in relation to the elements conducting the heat exchange fluid, which improves the perfor mance of the exchange.
Having described the invention with reference to a preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the embodiment may be modified in various ways without departing from the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A blood oxygenator apparatus for use in an extracorporeal blood circulation system, the apparatus comprising a blood pumping means and a blood oxygenator, the blood- oxygenator comprising a rigid reservoir for the blood, an oxygenation chamber and a heat exchanger integrally formed in one piece, characterized in that the inlet for blood into the oxygenation chamber is connected to the outlet for exit of blood from the heat exchanger, whereby all the blood collected in said blood reservoir passes through the pumping means before it enters the heat exchanger.
2. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the oxygenation chamber inlet is connected directly to the heat exchanger outlet.
3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the oxygenation chamber comprises a core made from a hollow porous air-permeable filament.
1
4. A blood oxygenator apparatus substantially as herein described with reference to Figure 1 or Figure 2 of the accompanying drawings.
LZ.-.don WC1R 4TP rur-t:e:-::pes =.ky be obtamed C=. The Pa%en. w Publuted 1988 W- The PW-fnt offce. St&.' Re.:5C 66 71. ofCe.
Sales Branch, S, Mary Cray. OrPM9t= Kent BRS 3RD prtnted by Muluplex tecluuques ltd, St M ary CraY. Kent. COM 187.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| BR8705585A BR8705585A (en) | 1987-10-13 | 1987-10-13 | OXYGENER DEVICE |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8823710D0 GB8823710D0 (en) | 1988-11-16 |
| GB2210797A true GB2210797A (en) | 1989-06-21 |
| GB2210797B GB2210797B (en) | 1991-03-27 |
Family
ID=4043369
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8823710A Expired - Fee Related GB2210797B (en) | 1987-10-13 | 1988-10-10 | Blood oxygenator apparatus |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AR (1) | AR240021A1 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8705585A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3834952C2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2011147A6 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2621489B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2210797B (en) |
| IN (1) | IN172091B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1224486B (en) |
| MX (1) | MX168207B (en) |
| PT (1) | PT88727B (en) |
| UY (1) | UY22854A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5270005A (en) * | 1990-09-07 | 1993-12-14 | Baxter International Inc. | Extracorporeal blood oxygenation system incorporating integrated reservoir-membrane oxygenerator-heat exchanger and pump assembly |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5540841A (en) * | 1993-07-26 | 1996-07-30 | Pall Corporation | Cardioplegia filter and method for processing cardioplegia fluid |
| DE19534502C2 (en) * | 1995-09-05 | 1997-10-09 | Helmdach Anke Dipl Produktdesi | Medical facility |
| DE19723671C2 (en) * | 1997-06-05 | 2001-07-19 | Stoeckert Instr Gmbh | Heart-lung machine with more than two blood pumps |
| WO2001089600A1 (en) * | 1998-10-28 | 2001-11-29 | Salvador Merce Vives | Blood pumping apparatus for extracorporeal circulation and ventricular assistance |
| ES2146549B1 (en) * | 1998-10-28 | 2001-04-16 | Vives Salvador Merce | BLOOD PUMPING EQUIPMENT FOR EXTRACORPORARY CIRCULATION AND VENTRICULAR ASSISTANCE. |
| ES2306951T3 (en) | 2004-11-24 | 2008-11-16 | Lifebridge Medizintechnik Ag | DEVICE FOR PROVIDING AN EXTRACORPORAL BLOOD CIRCUIT. |
| US8834399B2 (en) | 2010-12-07 | 2014-09-16 | Zoll Lifebridge Gmbh | Cardiopulmonary apparatus and methods for preserving organ viability |
| US8187214B2 (en) | 2006-10-30 | 2012-05-29 | Lifebridge Medizintechnik Ag | Apparatus for making extracorporeal blood circulation available |
| WO2012076632A1 (en) | 2010-12-07 | 2012-06-14 | Lifebridge Medizintechnik Ag | Method and system for filling and venting a device for extracorporeal blood treatment, with stepped flooding of a filter |
| US8882693B2 (en) | 2010-12-07 | 2014-11-11 | Zoll Lifebridge Gmbh | Cardiopulmonary apparatus and methods for preserving life |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3929414A (en) * | 1974-01-21 | 1975-12-30 | Baxter Laboratories Inc | Blood oxygenator utilizing a removable membrane oxygenator unit |
| JPS5743748A (en) * | 1980-08-28 | 1982-03-11 | Toshirou Wada | Artificial lung device |
| US4469659B1 (en) * | 1982-04-26 | 1997-07-29 | Cobe Lab | Sampling device for blood oxygenator |
| US4620965A (en) * | 1982-09-22 | 1986-11-04 | Terumo Corporation | Hollow fiber-type artificial lung |
| US4540399A (en) * | 1983-02-01 | 1985-09-10 | Ken Litzie | Emergency bypass system |
| CA1267339A (en) * | 1985-01-08 | 1990-04-03 | Anthony Badolato | Mass transfer device having a microporous, spirally wound hollow fiber membrane |
| US4656004A (en) * | 1985-05-17 | 1987-04-07 | Cobe Laboratories, Inc. | Medical heat exchange |
-
1987
- 1987-10-13 BR BR8705585A patent/BR8705585A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1988
- 1988-09-30 IN IN683/MAS/88A patent/IN172091B/en unknown
- 1988-10-10 GB GB8823710A patent/GB2210797B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-10-11 PT PT88727A patent/PT88727B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-10-11 ES ES888803097A patent/ES2011147A6/en not_active Expired
- 1988-10-11 UY UY0001022854A patent/UY22854A1/en unknown
- 1988-10-12 IT IT67916/88A patent/IT1224486B/en active
- 1988-10-13 FR FR888813482A patent/FR2621489B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-10-13 DE DE3834952A patent/DE3834952C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-10-13 AR AR312193A patent/AR240021A1/en active
- 1988-10-13 MX MX013384A patent/MX168207B/en unknown
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5270005A (en) * | 1990-09-07 | 1993-12-14 | Baxter International Inc. | Extracorporeal blood oxygenation system incorporating integrated reservoir-membrane oxygenerator-heat exchanger and pump assembly |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| MX168207B (en) | 1993-05-12 |
| FR2621489B1 (en) | 1992-03-13 |
| ES2011147A6 (en) | 1989-12-16 |
| DE3834952A1 (en) | 1989-04-27 |
| FR2621489A1 (en) | 1989-04-14 |
| IT8867916A0 (en) | 1988-10-12 |
| GB8823710D0 (en) | 1988-11-16 |
| BR8705585A (en) | 1989-05-09 |
| GB2210797B (en) | 1991-03-27 |
| IT1224486B (en) | 1990-10-04 |
| DE3834952C2 (en) | 1996-09-26 |
| PT88727A (en) | 1989-07-31 |
| UY22854A1 (en) | 1989-03-15 |
| IN172091B (en) | 1993-04-03 |
| PT88727B (en) | 1993-12-31 |
| AR240021A1 (en) | 1990-01-31 |
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