GB2190960A - Incandescent igniters for fuel injected internal combustion engines - Google Patents
Incandescent igniters for fuel injected internal combustion engines Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2190960A GB2190960A GB08709801A GB8709801A GB2190960A GB 2190960 A GB2190960 A GB 2190960A GB 08709801 A GB08709801 A GB 08709801A GB 8709801 A GB8709801 A GB 8709801A GB 2190960 A GB2190960 A GB 2190960A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- contact ring
- ring disc
- incandescent
- ceramic
- support body
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011224 oxide ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052574 oxide ceramic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M57/00—Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M53/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having heating, cooling or thermally-insulating means
- F02M53/04—Injectors with heating, cooling, or thermally-insulating means
- F02M53/06—Injectors with heating, cooling, or thermally-insulating means with fuel-heating means, e.g. for vaporising
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
- F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
- F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
The igniter comprises an incandescent body (52), for the retention and electrical contacting of which a metal support body (56) and a contact ring disc (72) are provided. The contact ring disc (72) is electrically insulated by oxide ceramic bodies (70, 86) with respect to the support body (56) and a spring washer (88). The ceramic bodies (70, 86) are connected to the support body (56) and to the contact ring disc (72) by means of an active soldering process, in which hard solder containing alloys of metals such as titanium, zirconium, chromium, &c is used. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Apparatus for the injection of fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine
The invention is based on an apparatus for the injection of fuel of the generic type of the main claim. In the case of one known apparatus of this type (DE-A1-33 35 920) there is a ceramic mat of AL2O3 arranged both between the contact ring disc and a flange of the support body and between the contact ring disc and the face of a nozzle retaining nut, and a retaining ring engaging the flange of the support body and welded onto the nozzle retaining nut is provided and clamps the parts against the face of said nut.In this design, a firm connection between contact ring disc and support body is not necessary, and nor is it provided, but a design allowing a nondestructive removal of the incandescent body is not possible and, furthermore, careful attention has to be paid to the correct position of the parts during assembly, making production more difficult.
In the case of an apparatus of the generic type deemed as prior art according to 3, para.
2 of the Patent Act (P 35 02 109.8) there is already provision for the ceramic body to be bonded or soldered or welded to the support body and the contact ring disc in such a way that these parts form an independently manageable constructional unit. Without further details, it must be assumed that what is involved is the customary hard soldering process of ceramic bodies, in which the corresponding surfaces of the ceramic bodies are metallized. This process requires a number of process steps, making the connection not only complicated, but also expensive. Added to this is the fact that such a connection is relatively inflexible and can tear relatively easily when subjected to high temperature differences, on account of the widely different coefficients of expansion of metal and ceramic.
Advantages of the invention
In comparison, the arrangement according to the invention, with the characterizing features of the main claim, has the advantage that the support body is connected by means of measures suitable for production to the contact ring disc and the inserted incandescent body to form a constructional unit which can if necessary also be removed and exchanged individually. in active soldering, far fewer process steps are necessary than in a hard soldering process with metallization of the corresponding surfaces of the ceramic bodies. The active soldering process does not as such differ in its procedure from a customary soldering process under inert gas or in a vacuum.
However, the solders used are so-called active solders, that is hard solders containing alloys of reactive metals, such as for example titanium, zirconium, chromium etc. In the case of oxide ceramic, the liquid active solder reacts by acting from the contact surface to reduce the surface layer of the base material while forming suboxides. At the same time, free chemical valences are created on the ceramic surface, which can bond the solder and thereby effect a good wetting of the liquid solder and a firm adhesion of the solidified solder on the ceramic. Since virtually all metal oxides are intersoluble, active metal oxides also generally become incorporated in the surface layer in the ceramic. Use of the active soldering process makes production cheaper and also prevents the risk of the soldering joints tearing.
Advantageous further developments of the arrangement according to the main claim are possible by means of the measures included in the subclaims.
In the case of apparatuses in which the contact ring disc is also electrically insulated from parts of the injection nozzle by a second ceramic ring of oxide ceramic, it is proposed that the contact ring disc is also firmly connected to this ceramic body by an active soldering process.
In a further development of the invention, it is proposed that the ceramic body arranged between injection nozzle and contact ring disc is provided on the side remote from the contact ring disc with an anti-friction layer, in particular of metal, on which a spring washer pressing against one face of the injection nozzle on the combustion side is supported. This measure enables the spring washer to move into a favourable position without impeding friction.
Fitting of the incandescent body into the incandescent insert is facilitated if the incandescent body is, in a way known per se, a heating coil conically extended preferably in the direction of injection, the end windings of which coil serve as power terminals and for fastening the incandescent body on the support body and on the contact ring disc.
Drawing
Two exemplary embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawing and described in more detail in the following description. Figure 1 shows an enlarged longitudinal section through the end portion, on the combustion chamber side, of an injection nozzle with integrated incandescent insert according to the first exemplary embodiment, and Figure 2 shows a section corresponding to Figure 1 through the second exemplary embodiment.
Description of the exemplary embodiments
The injection nozzle according to Figure 1 has a nozzle body 10, which is firmly clamped by a union nut 12 to a nozzle holder (not shown). The nozzle body 10 has a shank 16 which begins at an annular shoulder 14 and is surrounded by an insert sleeve 18, which has an inner annular shoulder 20 lying against the annular shoulder 14 of the nozzle body 10 and an outer annular shoulder 22. Pressed against the latter is an inner tensioning shoulder 24 of the union nut 12, at which a sleeve-shaped projection 26 of the union nut 12, surrounding the insert sleeve 18, begins, its face end 28 extending axially somewhat beyond the insert sleeve 18. The union nut 12 is provided with an external thread 30, by which the complete injection nozzle is screwed into a mounting hole 32 of an engine casing 34.
Displaceably mounted in the nozzle body 10 is a valve needle 36, which has in the region of a pressure space 38 a pressure shoulder 40, to which there adjoins a valve cone 42, via a cylindrical intermediate portion 41, followed by a throttle pin 46 entering a throttle opening 44. Opening out into the pressure space 38 is a fuel channel 48, which continues up to a connection piece on the nozzle holder, in which a closing spring for the valve needle 36 is also housed. The increasing fuel pressure in the pressure space 38 at the beginning of injection raises the valve needle 36 against the force of the closing spring off the valve seat on the nozzle body 10, after which the fuel is injected out into the combustion chamber in the shape of the injection cone 50 indicated.
Connected downstream of the nozzle opening 44 is an incandescent body 52, in the form of a wire coil conically increasing toward the combustion chamber, through which coil the injection cone 50 passes without contacting it. The end, on the combustion chamber side, of the incandescent body 52 is held centrally and contacts an inwardly turned rim 54 of a support body 56, to which there adjoins a cylindrical portion 58 which surrounds the incandescent body 52 with radial clearance.
The cylindrical portion 58 merges into a portion 60 extending conically toward the face end 28 of the union nut 12, which portion is provided with a ring of boreholes 62. Adjoining the conical portion 60 is a flange 64 which-after assembly with further parts described below-is welded to the face end 28 of the union nut 12.
The flange 64 of the support body 56 has an annular collar 66, which fits into the face end 28 of the union nut 12. The annular collar 66 surrounds an end recess 68 in the flange 64, on the bottom of which there rests an annular ceramic body 70 of insulating oxide ceramic. The ceramic body 70 bears a contact ring disc 72, to the inner annular rim 74 of which the nozzie-end of the incandescent body 52 is centrally fastened. The contact ring disc 72 is further provided with a number of boreholes 76, which correspond with the boreholes 62 in the support body 56.
The upper face of the ceramic body 70 lies approximately on a level with the flat face wall 78 of the nozzle body 10, to which there adjoins a conical side wall 80 of an end portion 82 of the nozzle body 10 tapering toward the incandescent body 52. By this design and mutual assignment of the parts, an annular space 84 supplementing the recess 68 in the support body 56 is created, in which a second electrically insulating annular ceramic body 86 and a spring washer 88 of wavy crosssection are housed. The second ceramic body 86 is provided on its upper face with a metallic anti-friction layer, on which the middle annular region of the spring washer 88 is supported. The inner annular rim 90 of the spring washer 88 rests resiliently against the side wall 80 of the nozzle body 10, whereas its outer annular rim 12 presses against the face of the insert sleeve 18.
The two ceramic bodies 70, 86 are connected to the support body 56 and the contact ring disc 72 by means of an active soldering process, the special characteristics of which are explained in the introduction to the description. The contact ring disc 72 is provided on the outer annular rim with a radially protruding contact tongue 94, which passes with adequate clearance through a local recess 96 in the flange 64, which recess corresponds with a longitudinal groove 98 in the case of the union nut 12. Soldered onto the contact tongue 94 is a power lead 100, which extends through the longitudinal groove 98 up to a terminal provided on the union nut 12 for an external supply line. The end, on the combustion chamber side, of the incandescent body 52 is connected electrically conductively to the earthed engine casing 34 via the support body 56 and the union nut 12.
The mounting hole 32 of the engine casing 34 merges at an annular shoulder 102 into a constricted borehole portion 108, which leads into the combustion chamber. Resting on the annular shoulder 102 is a sealing ring 106, which for its part rests against a flat annular surface 108 on the flange 64 and is pressed by the union nut 12 tightly against the annular shoulder 102 via the flange 64.
The ceramic bodies 70, 86 have an internal diameter which corresponds approximately to the shank diameter of the nozzle body 10, and are therefore substantially greater than the corresponding components of the design deemed as prior art, which is very advantageous with regard to lowest possible thermal loading of the ceramic bodies and their connections to the adjoining metal components.
In assembly of the injection nozzle, first of all the support body 56, the incandescent body 52, the contact ring disc 72, the ceramic bodies 70, 86 and the power lead 100 are connected to one another to form a subassembly, which is then fitted as a whole on the union nut 12 and welded to it. Then, the spring washer 88, the insert sleeve 18 and the nozzle body 10 are successively fitted in the union nut 12 and the nozzle body 10 is firmly clamped to the nozzle holder by tightening the union nut 12. During this tightening, the spring washer 88 is pressed tightly against the neighbouring components and undergoes deformation, the spring washer 88 being able to move into the most favourable position without hindering friction thanks to the metallic anti-friction layer on the ceramic body 86.
The injection nozzle according to Figure 2 differs from the previously described design only in that no insert sleeve 18 is provided and the union nut 12a which is designed with a correspondingly greater wall thickness, has on the face side a recess 110, which receives and centres the outside annular rim 92 of the spring washer 88.
Claims (5)
1. Apparatus for the injection of fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, with an injection nozzle, the nozzle opening of which has down-stream of it an incandescent body which forms a passage for the fuel injection jets and is surrounded with radial clearance by a metal support body, which is provided with wall perforations, via which the injection jets take in air from the combustion chamber into the interior of the incandescent body, which is provided with two power terminals, one of which is connected electrically conductively to the support body and the other is connected electrically conductively to a contact ring disc which is firmly held on the support body with a ceramic body of electrically insulating oxide ceramic fitted in between, characterized in that the ceramic body (70) is firmly connected both to the support body (56) and also to the contact ring disc (72) by means of an active soldering process.
2. Apparatus according to Claim 1, in which the contact ring disc is electrically insulated with respect to parts of the injection nozzle by a second ceramic body of oxide ceramic, characterized in that the contact ring disc (72) is also firmly connected to the second ceramic body (86) by means of an active soldering process.
3. Apparatus according to Claim 2, characterized in that the second ceramic body (86) is provided on the side remote from the contact ring disc (72) with an antifriction layer, in particular of metal, on which a spring washer (88), pressing against a face wall, on the combustion chamber side, of the injection nozzle, is supported.
4. Apparatus according to Claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the incandescent body (52) is an incandescent coil, preferably conically extending in the direction of injection, the end windings of which serve as terminals and for the fastening of the incandescent body (52) on the support body (56) and on the contact ring disc (72).
5. A fuel injection apparatus substantially as herein described with reference to Figure 1 or
Figure 2 of the accompanying drawing.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19863617354 DE3617354A1 (en) | 1986-05-23 | 1986-05-23 | DEVICE FOR INJECTING FUEL INTO THE COMBUSTION CHAMBER OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8709801D0 GB8709801D0 (en) | 1987-05-28 |
| GB2190960A true GB2190960A (en) | 1987-12-02 |
| GB2190960B GB2190960B (en) | 1989-12-13 |
Family
ID=6301457
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8709801A Expired GB2190960B (en) | 1986-05-23 | 1987-04-24 | Apparatus for the injection of fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS62284957A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3617354A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2190960B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1205659B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2636676A1 (en) * | 1988-09-21 | 1990-03-23 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | DEVICE FOR THE INJECTION OF FUEL IN THE EXPLOSION CHAMBER OF A SELF-IGNITION INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE, COMPRISING A DIAPHRAGM REGULATING AND DIRECTING FUEL JETS AND AIR ASPIRE |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5241938A (en) * | 1990-03-14 | 1993-09-07 | Aisan Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Injector with assist air passage for atomizing fuel |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1587253A (en) * | 1978-05-11 | 1981-04-01 | Ceramel Ltd | Article comprising brazed tubular members |
| EP0188745A2 (en) * | 1985-01-23 | 1986-07-30 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injection nozzle for internal combustion engines |
| EP0188746A2 (en) * | 1985-01-23 | 1986-07-30 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Device for the injection of fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine |
| EP0188743A2 (en) * | 1985-01-23 | 1986-07-30 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Device for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber of an internal-combustion engine |
| EP0188744A2 (en) * | 1985-01-23 | 1986-07-30 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injection nozzle for internal-combustion engines |
| GB2171455A (en) * | 1985-01-23 | 1986-08-28 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | IC engine fuel injection nozzle |
| US4620516A (en) * | 1982-08-14 | 1986-11-04 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Apparatus for injecting fuel into combustion chambers of internal combustion engines, in particular self-igniting internal combustion engines |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3335920A1 (en) * | 1983-10-03 | 1985-04-18 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | DEVICE FOR INJECTING FUEL IN THE COMBUSTION ROOM OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES |
-
1986
- 1986-05-23 DE DE19863617354 patent/DE3617354A1/en active Granted
-
1987
- 1987-04-24 GB GB8709801A patent/GB2190960B/en not_active Expired
- 1987-05-19 JP JP62120348A patent/JPS62284957A/en active Pending
- 1987-05-21 IT IT20610/87A patent/IT1205659B/en active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1587253A (en) * | 1978-05-11 | 1981-04-01 | Ceramel Ltd | Article comprising brazed tubular members |
| US4620516A (en) * | 1982-08-14 | 1986-11-04 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Apparatus for injecting fuel into combustion chambers of internal combustion engines, in particular self-igniting internal combustion engines |
| EP0188745A2 (en) * | 1985-01-23 | 1986-07-30 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injection nozzle for internal combustion engines |
| EP0188746A2 (en) * | 1985-01-23 | 1986-07-30 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Device for the injection of fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine |
| EP0188743A2 (en) * | 1985-01-23 | 1986-07-30 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Device for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber of an internal-combustion engine |
| EP0188744A2 (en) * | 1985-01-23 | 1986-07-30 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injection nozzle for internal-combustion engines |
| GB2171455A (en) * | 1985-01-23 | 1986-08-28 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | IC engine fuel injection nozzle |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2636676A1 (en) * | 1988-09-21 | 1990-03-23 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | DEVICE FOR THE INJECTION OF FUEL IN THE EXPLOSION CHAMBER OF A SELF-IGNITION INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE, COMPRISING A DIAPHRAGM REGULATING AND DIRECTING FUEL JETS AND AIR ASPIRE |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3617354C2 (en) | 1990-03-22 |
| JPS62284957A (en) | 1987-12-10 |
| IT8720610A0 (en) | 1987-05-21 |
| GB8709801D0 (en) | 1987-05-28 |
| DE3617354A1 (en) | 1987-11-26 |
| IT1205659B (en) | 1989-03-31 |
| GB2190960B (en) | 1989-12-13 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19930424 |