GB2176131A - Rotary hammer crushing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

A crushing machine consists of a rotary hammer rotor 2 provided with circumferentially disposed hammers 3 which crush and sweep material to be crushed against a trough like housing floor 6 which consists of floor parts 8,9. The floor parts are rotatable about shafts 11 and include arms 12,13 that either define a closed surface for the crushing surface or a classifying grate through which the crushed material can pass. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Crushing machine Description This invention relates to a crushine machine.

A known crushing machine consists of a hammer rotor with a horizontal rotational axis on which is mounted a plurality of circumferentially disposed hammers. Upon rotation of the rotor, the hammers crush and sweep material to be crushed against a trough-like crushing surface, also referred to herein as a housing floor. The housing floor of crushing machines of this kind either has a closed internal surface, or consists of a classifying grate through which a certain portion of the material leaves the crushing machine. Such independent housing floors of crushing machines of the above mentioned type are know from for example, DE-OS 33 19 640, Figures 2 and 3. These have the disadvantage that the replacement of one housing floor by another different one, entails extensive structural alterations, which means that the crushing machine cannot be used for lengthy periods.

An object of the invention is therefore to construct the above mentioned housing floor such that it can be converted into both a surface which is closed towards the rotor and a classifying grate.

According to the present invention there is provided a crushing machine comprising a hammer rotor and a crushing surface extending around the rotor, the machine being operable to crush and sweep material to be crushed between the rotor and the surface, said crushing surface being defined by a plurality of housing parts operable to a first configuration defining a substantially closed surface, and operable to a second configuration defining a classifying grate.

The arrangement of the individual housing parts results in an improved separation of insufficiently crushed material and fine material particles and prevents the latter accumulating in the crushing area between the rotor and the curshing surface, thus permitting continuous operation.

In order that the invention may be more fully understood embodiments thereof will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings wherein; Figure 1 is a cross-section through a crushing machine with a horizontal rotor comprising striking tools and a housing floor, according to the invention, the floor consisting of one- and two- armed floor parts and has a closed internal surface; Figure 2 is a representation corresponding to Figure 1, in which the floor parts are arranged in a configuration to serve as the classifying grate; Figure 3 is a schematic sectional view of another embodiment according to the invention with only one-armed floor parts; and Figure 4 and 5 are each perspective views of a two-armed floor part with different classifying grate constructions.

The crushing machine consists essentially of a two-part housing 1, the jacket of which has a protective coating, which is not shown.

The lower trough-shaped area of the housing 1 comprises one or more openings for accomodating a plurality of housing floor parts which are arranged in rows behind and adjacent one another and represent an independent constructional unit which will be described in detail in the following.

The housing 1 continues a rotor 2 comprising striking tools 3 distributed onver its circumferences and a horizontal axle 4. When the rotor 2 rotates, the striking tools 3 describe a striking circle, which is indicated by a dot-dash line and designated by SK in the drawing. The material to be crushed is fed into the housing 1 through an inlet 5, delivered to the operating gap between the striking circle SK and the trough-shaped housing floor 6 and, after it has been crushed, most of it is discharged from the housing 1 through an outlet 7.

As materials of varying consistency and specific gravity are crushed in the machine, there is possibility of fine small particles of material accumulating on the trough-shaped housing floor 6 and constricting the operating gap, instead of leaving the housing 1 through the outlet 7. This result is blockages when the material to be crushed is fed in.

The trough-shaped housing floor 1 thus consists of a plurality of differently shaped floor parts 8,9, each of which is secured by its hub section 10 to shafts 11, which are arranged parallel to the rotor axle 4, and can be swivelled with the shafts in and against the direction of rotatin of the rotor (indicated by an arrow). The floor parts 8 comprise an arm 12 or 13 and the floor parts 9 two arms 12 and 13. Each of these arms 12, 13 is rigid and of a concave trough-shaped construction, the arm 12 having a closed surface 14 and the arm 13 having a plurality of openings service as a classifying grate 15.

As can be seen in particular from Figures 4 and 5, the hub section 10 of each floor part 8, 9 comprises a longitudinal groove 16 so that it can be fastened to the relevant shaft 11. After the floor part 8, 9 has been fixed to the shaft 11, it is secured to prevent it being loosened unintentionally.

A plurality of adjacent floor parts 8 or 9 of the same structure are secured to one shaft 11. The way in which the floor parts 8, 9 are attached in particularly favourable as regards their replacement, as this does not necessitate the dismantling of either the shaft 11 or the floor parts 8 or 9 disposed thereon, The cam 12, 13 have external surfaces 17, 18 extending parallel to the hub section 10 with a convex shape so as to correspond to the troughshaped, concave surfaces 14, 15 when the arms are rotated about the shafts 11. In the case of the two-armed floor part 9, the classifying grate 15 can be formed as a grid, as shown in Figure 5.

When the arms 12, 13 of the floor parts are swivelled, their convex external surfaces 17, 18 slide along the convace surfaces of the adjacent floor parts. The one-and two-armed floor parts 8, 9 are fixed in their two end positions.

In the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2 the trough-shaped housing floor 6 consists of a plural ity of one- and two-armed floor parts 8 and 9 arranged in adjacent rows, when viewed in the direction of rotation of the rotor, the first and the last row comprising one-armed floor parts 8 and the rows in between comprising two-armed floor parts 9. The two-armed floor parts 8 in the first row have a closed surface 14 and those in the last row a classifying grate 15.

If the trough-shaped housing floor 8 with a closed internal surface (Figure 1) is to be converted for classifying the crushed material (Figure 2), the one-armed floor parts 8 of the first row must firstly be swivelled out of their operating position (Figure 1) into their rest position (Figure 2) against the direction of rotation of the rotor. The two-armed floor parts 9 of the next row are- then also swivelled as in the case of the first row, so that the space between the first and the second row is filled with classifying grates 15. The two-armed floor parts 9 of the following row are swivelled one after the other in the same manner. Finally, the one-armed floor parts 8 of the last row are swivelled, and the classifying grates 15 are moved from their rest position into their operating positions.

If a closed internal surface of the trough-shaped housing floor 6 is again required, the one- and two-armed floor parts 8 and 9 should swivelled one after the other in reverse order, but in the direction of rotation of the rotor.

The embodiment according to Figure 3 shows a trough-shaped housing floor 6 supported on the housing 1 and comprising two openings for accomodating two respective rows of one-armed floor parts 8 disposed in pairs arranged one behind the other when viewed in the direction of rotation of the rotor. In this case the arms of the floor parts 8 arranged in the first row in each opening comprise a closed surface 14, whereas the arms of the floor parts 8 in the opposite row are formed as a classifying grate 15. The floor parts 8 are moved in the same way as those in the first and last row in the embodiment in Figures 1 and 2.

Claims (14)

1. A crushing machine comprising a hammer rotor and crushing surface extending around the rotor, the machine being operable to crush and sweep material to be crushed between the rotor and the surface, said crushing surface being defined by a plurality of housing parts operable to a first configuration defining a substantially closed surface, and operable to a second configuration defining a classifying grate.

2. A crushing machine according to claim 1 wherein said housing parts include pivotally mounted arms defining surface portions for said closed surface and said classifying grate respectively.

3. A crushing machine according to claim 2 wherein said arms are pivotally mounted about axes extending parallel to the axis of the rotor.

4. A crushing machine according to claim 2 or 3 wherein at least one of said parts includes two arms defining surface portions for said closed surface and said grate respectively.

5. A crushing machine according to claim 2, 3 or 4 wherein at least one of said parts includes only one of said arms.

6. A crushing machine according to claims 2 to 5 wherein said arms for the classifying grate includes cruciform portions defining rectangular openings.

7. A crushing machine according to any one of claims 2 to 8 wherein said arms have concave surfaces for defining the crushing surface.

8. A crushing machine according to any one of claims 2 to 7 wherein said arms have convex ends.

9. Construction of the housing floor of crushing machines with a horizontal rotor comprising striking tools, in which the trough-shaped floor facing the rotor consists of a plurality of like parts representing an indpendent constructional unit int he region of the crushing gap, characterised in that the floor parts which are arranged so as to interlock one behind the other and in rows adjacent one another, in each case consist of a hub section with at least one trough-shaped rigid arm, which either has a closed surface or is formed as a classifying grate, and that the floor parts are secured to shafts arranged parallel to the rotor axle and can be swivelled with the shafts in or against the direction of rotation of the rotor, only floor parts having the same number of arms being secured to one shaft and the shafts being rotatable with their floor parts one after the other such that the housing floor is always only formed by identical arms of the floor parts.

10. Housing floor according to claim 9 characterised in that, in the case of a two-armed floor part, the arms are arranged-at an angle with respect to one another on a hub section one arm having a closed surface and the other arm being formed as a classifying grate.

11. Housing floor according to claim 9 or 10, characteriesed in that each floor part consisting of hub section and one or two trough-shaped rigid arms is a single-piece casting.

12. Housing floor according to claim 9, 10 or 11 characterised in that the external surface, facing the hub section of each trough-shaped rigid arm has a convex shape so as to correspond to the trough-shaed concave surface of the rigid arm, which corresponds upon swivelling to that of the adjacent floor part.

13. Housing floor according to claim 9 to 12, characterised in that the hub section of each floor part comprises a longitudinal groove so that it can fastened to the shaft 11 and to facilitate replacement.

14. Housing floor according to one or more of claims 9 to 13 characterised int hat means dis posed outside the crushing machine are used for the angular adjustment and locking of the shafts with the floor parts disposed thereon.