GB2077141A - Adsorbent materials - Google Patents
Adsorbent materials Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2077141A GB2077141A GB8111722A GB8111722A GB2077141A GB 2077141 A GB2077141 A GB 2077141A GB 8111722 A GB8111722 A GB 8111722A GB 8111722 A GB8111722 A GB 8111722A GB 2077141 A GB2077141 A GB 2077141A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- substrate
- granules
- bonding agent
- material according
- particulate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28002—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J20/28004—Sorbent size or size distribution, e.g. particle size
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/16—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer formed of particles, e.g. chips, powder or granules
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
- B01J20/2803—Sorbents comprising a binder, e.g. for forming aggregated, agglomerated or granulated products
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
- B01J20/28033—Membrane, sheet, cloth, pad, lamellar or mat
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
- B01J20/28042—Shaped bodies; Monolithic structures
- B01J20/28045—Honeycomb or cellular structures; Solid foams or sponges
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J20/28057—Surface area, e.g. B.E.T specific surface area
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/30—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being formed of particles, e.g. chips, granules, powder
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/73—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof
- D06M11/74—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof with carbon or graphite; with carbides; with graphitic acids or their salts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/724—Permeability to gases, adsorption
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
Gas adsorbent materials comprise a substrate and carbonaceous material bonded to the substrate with a substantial portion of the surfaces of the substrate being substantially free of bonding agent which is printed as a discontinuous layer. The carbonaceous material may be granular.
Description
SPECIFICATION
Adsorbent materials
Activated carbon is widely used to adsorb gases and it is common practice to produce gas adsorbent materials by impregnating a fabric or other permeable substrate with a dispersion of active carbon in a binder. The dispersion impregnates into the substrate. The active carbon used for forming the dispersion is always of very small particle size and is generally derived from peat, wood or nut shells.
The adsorbent material is applied as an overall layer and if it is desired to increase the amount of adsorbent material this is generally achieved by increasing the amount of dispersion, and thus binder, applied as an overall layer. As a result the impregnated fabric may become very stiff and of unsatisfactory permeability. This is particularly unsatisfactory when the adsorbent material is to be used as protective clothing.
Higher amounts of active carbon can be introduced by incorporating the powdered carbon within a polyurethane foam supported by a fabric reinforcement, that may or may not be impregnated with carbon. By this technique larger amounts of carbon can be intro- duced without rendering the final material unacceptably stiff or impermeable but the foam renders the material very heat insulating, so that protective clothing formed from the material causes high heat stress on the wearer.
Granular active carbon, having a much coarser particle size than the fine particle size used in the described dispersions, is also known. These granules do not easily break down into the traditional fine particle size and can be termed crush resistant granules of gas adsorbent carbonaceous material. Some granular types are very hard and are substantially spherical and are widely used for the adsorption of gases in, for instance, columns or fluidised beds. It has been proposed to incorporate them within a foam layer carried on a fabric substrate (see German AS 2 804 154) but this still results in the fabric causing high heat stress.
A gas adsorbent material according to one aspect of the invention comprises a substrate carrying a printed discontinuous layer of bonding agent and a discontinuous layer of particulate, gas adsorbing, carbonaceous material bonded to the substrate by the bonding agent.
Such material may be made by printing a discontinuous layer of bonding agent onto the substrate, applying the particulate carbonaceous material onto the bonding agent while it is tacky and thereby bonding the particulate material to the substrate, and removing excess particulate material, for instance by shaking or inverting the substrate. Thus the particulate material is applied separately from the bonding agent and the bonding agent is located substantially only between the particulate material and the substrate, or in the substrate, and in particular does not surround the particulate material. Thus a substantial proportion of the surfaces of the particles are substantially free of bonding agent.
The particulate material is preferably in the form of crush resistant granules.
The granules inherently have high gas adsorption properties and by ensuring that the bonding agent is substanQially only between the granules and the fabric high gas adsorption values are maintained. This is in contrast to traditional methods in which active carbon is dispersed within a bonding matrix, since this matrix always tends to reduce the gas adsorption values. By the invention it is therefore now possible to obtain very high gas adsorption without the undesirable increases in the heat insulating properties or the stiffness and impermeability that was always previously associated "qith high adsorption values.
Many different crush resistant granules of gas adsorbent carbonaceous material are corn- mercially available and can be used in the invention. By saying that they are crush resis tans we means that they should be sufficiently resistant to handling and the normal wear to which the product.. will be subjected, for instance in clothing, that they will not break down into powder to any significant extent.
They may be substantially spherical or may be any geometric shape. They may have random shapes.
The gas adsorbent properties generally arise partly or mainly from microporous structure within the particles. The carbonaceous material in the particles can be referred to as activated carbon but in some types of granules the carbon structure may be different from normal activated carbon and may be considered to be polymeric in nature.
The granules may be obtained by carbonising materials such as pitch, anthracite, hydrocarbons such as polymeric materials or carbohydrates such as viscose, Reference should be made to, for instance, US Patent No.
4,845,368 or to the publication in 1 977 by Rohm and 11 Haas Company entitled "Amber- sorb (Tlstl) Carbonaceous Adsorbents", and
German AS 2 804 1 54. The preferred granules are made by carbonising coal, preferably anthracite.
The granules generally have a maximum dimension (screen size) below 2 mm, prefera biy 0.1 to 1 mm and most preferably 0.25 to 0.6 mm. The surface area provided by the granules should be as high as possible. It is generally above 100 m2/gm and often above 250 m2/gm. It may be as much as 2000 m2/gm or even up to 3000 or 5000 m2/gm.
Often it is from 700 to 1 500 m2/gm but lower values, e.g. 300 to 700 m2/gm, can be used.
The substrate may be impermeable if the adsorbent material is, for example, to serve as a room lining but is generally permeable, especially if the adsorbent material is to be used in protective clothing. Impermeable substrates include, for instance, plastics films.
Permeable substrates may be foams, often fabric reinforced, or fabrics such as woven, knitted, non-woven or felt fabrics. The fabric may be flame retardant and may be oil and liquid repellent if desired. These properties may be applied to the fabric either before or after application of the granules, generally to the side of the fabric distant from the granules. The fabric may be impregnated with a conventional dispersion of fine particulate active carbon in a binder, generally before application of the granules, but the amount of the dispersion should not be such as to render the fabric unacceptably stiff or gas impermeable.
The substrate is preferably a light-weight substrate, for instance having a fibre weight below 200 g/m2, preferably 50 to 1 50 g/m2 and is preferably a non-woven or other permeable fabric.
The bonding agent is generally printed onto the substrate from an aqueous or solvent system so as to form a tacky surface, the particles are then applied and the bonding agent dried or otherwise cured to fix the granules in position. However any bonding system can be used and, for instance, the bonding agent may be a thermoplastic adhesive that may be softened by heating.
The printed areas of bonding agent are generally in the form of dots which typically have dimensions of 0.2 to 2 mm and the space between adjacent dots may typically also be 0.2 to 2 mm. The areas of particulate carbonaceous material will have approximately the same size. Preferably the areas of bonding agent and carbonaceous material cover less than 75%, and usually less than 50% or even 25%, of the surface area of the substrate.
When the particulate material is in the form of granules each area may carry for instance, 1 to 10 granules.
The total amount of bonding agent is preferably, on a dry weight, below 100 g/m2, for instance 20 to 50 g/m2. The amount of particulate material maybe, for instance, 50 to 200 g/m2.
The bonding agent and the method of application must be such that the bonding agent contacts substantially only the base of each granule, i.e. that part of each granule that is closest to the substrate. Thus at least 50%, and often 70% or more, of the outer surface area of each granule is not covered by bonding agent and is, in the final product, exposed to the atmosphere.
Another sheet material may be laminated over the granules, for instance to reduce the risk of granules or parts of granules being rubbed off, but this material must not be such as to reduce significantly the gas adsorption properties of the material, and normally at least 50%, and often at least 70%, of the outer surface area of the granule remains exposed to the atmosphere. Thus normally any covering sheet is formed of a highly impermeable material, often a non-woven web, either bonded direct to the granules with such a small amount of binder as to cause substantially no reduction in the gas adsorption properties of the material.
The covering sheet is preferably a nonwoven web carrying a thin discontinuous layer of fusible bonding agent (generally fibrous in nature) that bonds onto the tops of the gran -ules.
The particulate material may be bonded onto both surfaces of the substrate, but generally is bonded onto one surface only.
A gas adsorbent material according to a second aspect of the invention comprises a substrate and crush resistant granules of gas adsorbent carbonaceous material bonded onto a surface of the substrate by bonding agent located substantially only between the granules and the substrate or in the substrate.
Thus most at least of the side and upper surfaces of the granules are substantially free of bonding agent and thus are exposed to the atmosphere. The upper surfaces are the surfaces distant from the substrate. The bonding agent may be impregnated throughout the substrate or may be on the surface only. It may be applied as a continuous layer or as a discontinuous layer, for instance by spraying, knife coating, roll coating or foam coating but preferably it is applied by printing, for instance into dots as described above. The preferred granules, bonding agents and substrates may all be as described above and a covering sheet may be applied over the granules, as described above.
The following are some examples of the
invention.
Example 1
A non-woven substrate formed of 75 g/m2 of a fibre mixture of 85% nylon 15% viscose was lightly needled onto a cotton scrim of 25 g/m2, bonded with flame retardant binder, dried, cured, washed and impregnated with a fluorocarbon to make it liquid repellant. An acrylate bonding agent was thickened with ammonium acrylate and was printed onto one surface in an overall dot pattern in dots about
1 mm diameter with their centres about 2 to
3 mm apart. The amount of bonding agent applied was 78 g/m2, wet weight.
Spherical granules derived by carbonising
pitch and having a particle size 0.25 to 0.6 mm and sold by BDH Chemicals Limited as
Activated Carbon Beads, were scattered in excess onto the printed fabric (while the bonding agent was still wet) from a vibrating hopper while vibrating the fabric. The fabric was then shaken to remove excess beads and heated at 120"C. to dry the bonding agent.
The dry pickup of bonding agent was 35 g/m2 and the pickup of granules was 1 20 g/m2.
The resultant product had substantially the same permeability and flexibility as the substrate before the application of bonding agent and granules but had very high gas adsorption properties.
Example 2
The process of Example 1 was repeated except that "Anthrasorb" CC2544 was used instead of the Activated Carbon Beads. "Anthrasorb" CC2544 is a granular form of active carbon obtained by carbonising anthracite and supplied by Thomas Ness Limited. It has a particle size of 0.35 to 0.60 mm and a total surface area of 1000 to 1100 g/m2. It is supplied by Meff Ltd. To prevent carbon rubbing off the granules during use, after bonding the granules onto the substrate a fusible interlining was laid over the granules and bonded onto them by fusion. The interlining was formed of a 35 g/m2 non-woven fabric that had been rendered oil repellant and that carried a fusible layer of 1 2 g/m2 of fibrous polyamide that had been extruded direct onto the fabric.
Claims (10)
1. A gas adsorbent material comprising a substrate carrying a printed discontinuous layer of bonding agent and a discontinuous layer of particulate, gas adsorbant, carbonaceous material bonded to the substrate by the bonding agent.
2. A material according to claim 1 in which the particulate material is in the form of granules and a substantial proportion of the surfaces of the granules are substantially free of bonding agent.
3. A material according to claim 2 in which the granules are crush resistant granules having a maximum dimension of 0.25 to 0.6 mm and having a surface area of 250 to 1500 m2/gm.
4. A material according to any preceding claim in which the substrate is a permeable non-woven fabric.
5. A material according to any preceding claim in which the discontinuous layer is in the form of a pattern of dots having a maximum dimension of 0.2 to 2 mm and which are 0.2 to 2 mm apart.
6. A material according to any preceding claim including a permeable covering layer bonded to the carbonaceous material.
7. A method of making a material according to any preceding claim comprising printing a discontinuous layer of bonding agent onto a substrate, applying the particulate carbonaceous material onto the bonding agent while it is tacky and thereby bonding the particulate material to the substrate, and removing excess particulate material.
8. A gas adsorbent material comprising a substrate and crush resistant granules of gas adsorbant carbonaceous material bonded onto a surface of the substrate by a bonding agent located substantially only between the granules and the substrate or in the substrate.
9. A material according to claim 8 in which the granules are crush resistant granules having a maximum dimension of 0.25 to 0.6 mm and having a surface area of 250 to 1500 m2/gm.
10. A material according to claim 8 or claim 9 including a permeable covering layer bonded to the granules.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8111722A GB2077141B (en) | 1980-04-12 | 1981-04-13 | Adsorbent materials |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8012155 | 1980-04-12 | ||
| GB8111722A GB2077141B (en) | 1980-04-12 | 1981-04-13 | Adsorbent materials |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2077141A true GB2077141A (en) | 1981-12-16 |
| GB2077141B GB2077141B (en) | 1984-04-18 |
Family
ID=26275157
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8111722A Expired GB2077141B (en) | 1980-04-12 | 1981-04-13 | Adsorbent materials |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2077141B (en) |
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3304349A1 (en) * | 1983-02-09 | 1984-08-09 | Hasso von 4000 Düsseldorf Blücher | AREA FILTER |
| US4983192A (en) * | 1982-01-14 | 1991-01-08 | Bluecher Hubert | Textile sheet filter |
| US5582865A (en) * | 1988-12-12 | 1996-12-10 | Extraction Systems, Inc. | Non-woven filter composite |
| US5607647A (en) * | 1993-12-02 | 1997-03-04 | Extraction Systems, Inc. | Air filtering within clean environments |
| US5626820A (en) * | 1988-12-12 | 1997-05-06 | Kinkead; Devon A. | Clean room air filtering |
| EP0818230A1 (en) * | 1996-07-01 | 1998-01-14 | J.C. Binzer Papierfabrik GmbH & Co. KG | Fibre filter and process for producing it |
| DE19845526A1 (en) * | 1998-10-02 | 2000-04-20 | Sandler Helmut Helsa Werke | Filter material for fluid media and method and device for producing such a filter material |
| DE10020091C1 (en) * | 2000-04-22 | 2001-08-23 | Sandler Helmut Helsa Werke | Filter material |
| EP1279435A1 (en) * | 2001-07-25 | 2003-01-29 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | A filter and a method for making a filter |
| EP1317958A1 (en) * | 2001-12-05 | 2003-06-11 | Carl Freudenberg KG | Flexible adsorbent material |
| EP1595599A1 (en) * | 2004-05-13 | 2005-11-16 | Blücher GmbH | Adsorbent filter material and its use |
| US20190126585A1 (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2019-05-02 | O&M Halyard, Inc, | Multi-Layered Structure and Articles Formed Therefrom Having Improved Splash Resistance by Increased Interlayer Spacing |
-
1981
- 1981-04-13 GB GB8111722A patent/GB2077141B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4983192A (en) * | 1982-01-14 | 1991-01-08 | Bluecher Hubert | Textile sheet filter |
| DE3304349C2 (en) * | 1983-02-09 | 1991-12-05 | Hubert Von Bluecher | |
| DE3304349C3 (en) * | 1983-02-09 | 1995-10-26 | Bluecher Hubert | Surface filter and process for its manufacture |
| DE3304349A1 (en) * | 1983-02-09 | 1984-08-09 | Hasso von 4000 Düsseldorf Blücher | AREA FILTER |
| US5582865A (en) * | 1988-12-12 | 1996-12-10 | Extraction Systems, Inc. | Non-woven filter composite |
| US5626820A (en) * | 1988-12-12 | 1997-05-06 | Kinkead; Devon A. | Clean room air filtering |
| US5607647A (en) * | 1993-12-02 | 1997-03-04 | Extraction Systems, Inc. | Air filtering within clean environments |
| EP0818230A1 (en) * | 1996-07-01 | 1998-01-14 | J.C. Binzer Papierfabrik GmbH & Co. KG | Fibre filter and process for producing it |
| DE19845526C5 (en) * | 1998-10-02 | 2016-10-20 | Mann+Hummel Innenraumfilter Gmbh & Co. Kg | Filter material for fluid media and method for producing such a filter material |
| DE19845526A1 (en) * | 1998-10-02 | 2000-04-20 | Sandler Helmut Helsa Werke | Filter material for fluid media and method and device for producing such a filter material |
| DE19845526C2 (en) * | 1998-10-02 | 2000-08-03 | Sandler Helmut Helsa Werke | Filter material for fluid media and method and device for producing such a filter material |
| US6423123B1 (en) | 1998-10-02 | 2002-07-23 | Helsa-Werke Helmut Sandler Gmbh & Co. Kg | Filtering material for fluidic media and a method and device for producing such a filtering material |
| DE10020091C1 (en) * | 2000-04-22 | 2001-08-23 | Sandler Helmut Helsa Werke | Filter material |
| WO2003009933A1 (en) * | 2001-07-25 | 2003-02-06 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | A filter and a method for making a filter |
| EP1279435A1 (en) * | 2001-07-25 | 2003-01-29 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | A filter and a method for making a filter |
| EP1317958A1 (en) * | 2001-12-05 | 2003-06-11 | Carl Freudenberg KG | Flexible adsorbent material |
| EP1595599A1 (en) * | 2004-05-13 | 2005-11-16 | Blücher GmbH | Adsorbent filter material and its use |
| US7354475B2 (en) | 2004-05-13 | 2008-04-08 | Blucher Gmbh | Adsorption filter material and its use |
| US20190126585A1 (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2019-05-02 | O&M Halyard, Inc, | Multi-Layered Structure and Articles Formed Therefrom Having Improved Splash Resistance by Increased Interlayer Spacing |
| US10744739B2 (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2020-08-18 | O&M Halyard, Inc. | Multi-layered structure and articles formed therefrom having improved splash resistance by increased interlayer spacing |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2077141B (en) | 1984-04-18 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20000413 |